Basic Aspects Of Development Research Articles

Development of Swimming Learning Aid Design toward Acceleration of Learning Swimming Techniques

This study aims to: 1) Produce swimming learning aids, 2) Swimming aids that are easy to use and practical. The population of the small class trial was 20 students who could not swim, while the main field test was conducted on 40 students of SMA Negeri 5 Ambon. The research method used is the development research method (R&D) and the development model follows the ten stages of product design, namely; 1) potential and problems; 2) Data collection; 3) product design; 4) design validation; 5) trial use; 6) product revision; 7) product trial; 8) design revision; 9) product revision and; 10) mass production. The data collection technique was carried out based on needs analysis, especially on the basic aspects of development, namely: 1) the vest/float used greatly interfered with movement, especially movement efficiency; 2) float tires are not practical to use to learn basic swimming techniques; 3) the float board cannot help learn to swim if there is an accident in the water and the student cannot float. The use of these three tools does not immediately help speed up learning basic swimming techniques. This study concludes that the development of the design of swimming learning aids to accelerate learning of basic swimming techniques has been designed in the form of a waist buoy/save belt, has been validated by expert judgment and tested for use in small classes and is suitable for use in large class studies. . The results of the product design development of this tool are suitable for use in the form of "Save Belt".

REMOTE AUTOMATED CONTROLLED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF THEIR FUNCTIONING IN THE CONDITIONS OF AZERBAIJAN

This article examines the current state of soil and water resources, farmland t.ch.i Azerbaijan Republic, the problem of progressive water and wind soil degradation , the need for the organization of agriculture , taking into account the introduction of automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics a nd analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture areas in the country , as well as basic aspects of development of environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a particular system of crop rotation and crop taking into account the requirements of economic development and environmental management.

ОСНОВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ

ОСНОВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ

REMOTE AUTOMATED CONTROLLED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND THE PRINCIPLES OF THEIR FUNCTIONING IN THE CONDITIONS OF AZERBAIJAN

This article examines the current state of soil and water resources, farmland t.ch.i Azerbaijan Republic, the problem of progressive water and wind soil degradation , the need for the organization of agriculture , taking into account the introduction of automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics a nd analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture areas in the country , as well as basic aspects of development of environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a particular system of crop rotation and crop taking into account the requirements of economic development and environmental management.
 Key words: irrigation, technology, degradation, automated management of low-intensity zones, agriculture

Remote Automated Controlled Irrigation Systems and the Principles of Their Functioning in the Conditions of Azerbaijan

This article examines the current state of soil and water resources, farmland t.ch.i Azerbaijan Republic, the problem of progressive water and wind soil degradation , the need for the organization of agriculture , taking into account the introduction of automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics a nd analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture areas in the country , as well as basic aspects of development of environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a particular system of crop rotation and crop taking into account the requirements of economic development and environmental management.

Intelligent irrigation management in mountainous agriculture in AzerbaijanIntellectual

: This article examines the current state of soil and water resources, farmland t.ch.i Azerbaijan Republic , the problem of progressive water and wind soil degradation , the need for the organization of agriculture , taking into account the introduction of automated control systems for irrigation using water saving technology and hardware equipment in it, the study of the characteristics and analysis of experience implementing measures to stabilize ecological and drainage system of agriculture in conditions of insufficient moisture areas in the country , as well as basic aspects of development of environmental reclamation approach balanced, rational use of a particular system of crop rotation and crop . taking into account the requirements of economic development and environmental management.

Socioeconomic Class of Brazilian Cities for Health, Education and Employment & Income IFDM: A Clustering Data Analysis

The FIRJAN system, through the simple average of three basic aspects of development, Employment & Income, Education and Health, calculates an index, the IFDM, to sort the city into four categories in order to assist the government in public policies. However, the simple average of these three aspects and the classification of the cities in four categories, as previously defined, may not actually represent natural groups that these cities are included. Therefore, by means of an unsupervised classification, such as the clustering data analysis, it is proposed to examine whether there are natural groupings of cities the basic aspects mentioned. For this, we used the hierarchical method WARD and the non-hierarchical k-means method, with the criteria of validation width silhouette (SWC) and sum of squared errors (SSE) to find groups of municipalities in three basic aspects of development. For validated statistically were used Monte Carlo analysis width criterion of silhouette, under the null hypothesis that the data were random. With significance level 5%, was rejected H0, thus indicating there is strong evidence of the existence of natural groups. We identified two as the best number of groups and, after analyzing the percentage of cities in each Brazilian state are in group 1 and 2; it was possible to validate the resulting grouping of prior knowledge of the development of each region of the country. We also identified two subgroups found in each of the groups resulting, therefore, in four representative categories. The subgroups also went through the same analysis that the groups.

Use of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer to Study Meiosis in Female Cattle Carrying A Sex-Dependent Fertility-Impairing X-Chromosome Abnormality

Animal models have played an important part in establishing our knowledge base on reproduction, development, and the occurrence and impact of chromosome abnormalities. Translocations involving the X chromosome and an autosome are unique in that they elicit sex-dependent infertility, with male carriers rendered sterile by synaptic anomalies during meiosis, whereas female carriers conceive but repeatedly abort. Until now the limited access to relevant fetal oocytes has precluded direct study of meiotic events in female carriers. Because somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) circumvents meiotic problems associated with fertility disturbances in translocation carriers, we used SCNT to generate embryos, fetuses, and calves from a cell line derived from a deceased subfertile X-autosome translocation carrier cow to study the meiotic configurations in carrier oocytes. Data from 33 replicates involving 2470 oocyte-donor-cell complexes were assessed for blastocyst development and of these, 42 blastocysts were transferred to 21 recipients. Fourteen pregnancies were detected on day 35 of gestation. One of these was sacrificed for ovary retrieval on day 94 and three went to term. Features of oocytes from the fetal ovary and from the newborn ovaries were examined. Of the pachytene spreads analyzed, 16%, 82%, and 1.5% exhibited quadrivalent, trivalent/univalent, and bivalent/univalent/univalent structures, respectively, whereas among the diakinesis/metaphase I spreads, 16% ring, 75% chain, and 8.3% bivalent/bivalent configurations were noted, suggesting that the low fertility among female carriers may be related to synaptic errors in a predominant proportion of oocytes. Our results indicate that fibroblasts carrying the X-autosome translocation can be used for SCNT to produce embryos, fetuses, and newborn clones to study such basic aspects of development as meiosis and to generate carriers that cannot easily be reproduced by conventional breeding.

Genetics of gametophyte development

SynopsisFern gametophytes provide unique opportunities for the investigation of various aspects of physiology, genetics and development. Past genetic studies of gametophytes have primarily involved investigations of variegation and radiation-induced plastid aberrations. Two studies have utilised the gametophyte generation to develop screens for specific types of mutations. The considerable natural variation that exists in gametophyte development has not been investigated genetically. Genetic studies can provide needed information regarding basic aspects of development. A selection system with broad applicability has been developed to isolate gametophyte mutations that confer resistance to growth regulators. An example of the use of the screen with abscisic acid is given and preliminary characterisations of some of the mutants are presented.