BARI Sarisha-14 Research Articles

English

This study was conducted at farmers’ field with three disperse replicas in three different places viz. Satkhira (AEZ-11), Koyra (AEZ-13), and Bagerhat (AEZ-11) of Khulna division in the Rabi season of 2019-2020 to determine salt tolerant varieties for maximizing mustard yield, as well as farmers’ income. Characterization was done with six varieties namely BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-16, BARI Sarisha-17, and BARI Sarisha-18 (Canola) and a control variety Tori-7 under saline stress condition in coastal area of Bangladesh. Seed Tori-7, BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-16, and BARI Sarisha-18 (Canola) were pingol in color while BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarisha-17 were yellow. The yields range of the varieties was 1.13 to 2.09 t ha-1 and oil was 41.37 to 43.40%. Variety BARI Sarisha-18 (Canola) produced the maximum yield (2.09 t ha-1) followed by BARI Sarisha-16 (1.98 t ha-1) and BARI Sarisha-11 (1.84 t ha-1). Because BARI Sarisha-18 (Canola) and BARI Sarisha-16 are suitable for coastal areas, combining this variety with a coastal area cropping pattern will increase cropping intensity, which will benefit farmers both economically and nutritionally. Key word: Mustard variety, soil salinity, tolerance, growth, yields performance.

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF FIELD MUSTARD (BRASSICA RAPA L.) AND THEIR SATURATED AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ASSOCIATION

The oilseed crop improvement for Brassica rapa L. (field mustard) is considered to be important in respect of yield production coupled with unsaturated fatty acids of the existing cultivars. Hence, the genetic diversity, and nutritional components of 14 B. rapa cultivars were evaluated based on their yield attributes and fatty acid profiles at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. These 14 B. rapa cultivars differed significantly and were grouped into five diversified clusters. The highest intra-cluster distance was found in cluster II (2.43), while the highest inter-cluster distance was found between clusters II and V (20.41). In the fatty acid profile, the maximum threshold acceptable level (<7%) of saturated fatty acids for human consumption was found in Sonali Sarisha and BARI Sarisha-14. The total monounsaturated fatty acids viz., oleic, eicosenoic, and erucic acid ranged from 62.74% in BARI Sarisha-15 to 69.51% in Sonali Sarisha. The highest oleic acid and eicosenoic acid were obtained from the local variety, Maghi (21.06%) and Improved Tori (9.08%). The highest essential linoleic and linolenic acids were found in BARI Sarisha-15 (17.10%) and Improved Tori (8.16%), respectively. However, the local cultivar Maghi, containing the highest oleic acid (21.06%) has the lowest erucic acid (35.53%). On the other hand, BARI Sarisha-14 contained the lowest oleic (17.22%) and the highest erucic (44.02%) acids. The negative and strong correlation also reinforced the reverse relationship between oleic and erucic acids. Similarly, both linoleic (-0.497) and linolenic (-0.443) acids also showed a negative correlation with erucic acid. As a whole, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, Maghi, Sonali Sarisha, and Improved Tori could be selected as potential parents for a hybridization program to breed potential recombinant lines with higher oil content and healthier unsaturated oleic and linoleic fatty acids.

Effect of temperature stress on Brassica rapa genotypes during germination and reproductive growth

The effect of temperature stress on the reproductive development and yield of five Brassica rapa was studied in a controlled growth chamber. The seeds of five Brassica genotypes namely BARI Sarisha-6, Tori 7, Kallayania, BARI Sarisha-9 and BINA Sarisha-4 were grown under day/night temperatures at 22/170C until early flowering or early siliqua development stage. The high temperature stress i.e., 28 /170C or 35/170C, both at early flowering stage and early siliqua formation stage were imposed for 7d and then allowed to recover at 22/170C for normal growth. Shoot dry matter accumulation varied with temperature and genotype. The highest shoot dry matter was recorded by Kallayania followed by BARI Sarisha-9. The optimum day temperature for seed yield of the main shoot showed closer to 280C. The largest seeds were produced in the 22/170C, the size, however, remained similar with 28/170C temperature stress. During this temperature regime, the highest seed yield was observed with BARI Sarisha-6 while BARI Sarisha-9 produced the lowest seed yield. Severe temperature stress (35/170C) reduced seeds per siliqua and 1000 seed weight in all genotypes. Maximum pollen viability and germination were recorded at 200C by Kallayania followed by Tori 7 at 250C. However, the temperature above 300C reduced pollen viability and germination for all the genotypes. In another set of treatments, the high temperatures exposure (28/230C) for 5d reduced oil content and increased protein concentrations. Plant exposed to 25/200C temperature stress showed significant changes in oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The levels of saturated fatty acids were similar across the five genotypes in the control treatment, but palmitic acid and stearic acids increased with the temperature. Bangladesh J. Agri. 2019-2021, 44-46: 19-29

In vitro regeneration and overexpression of pea DNA helicase 45 (PDH45) gene through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in oilseed Brassica spp.

An efficient genotype independent method for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of Brassica spp. viz. Brassica juncea and Brassica napus have been developed for the local varieties using cotyledonary leaf with petioles and hypocotyls as explants. Explants obtained from 6-day old aseptically grown seedlings were inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring a binary vector with PDH45 gene under the regulatory control of 35s promoter and terminator sequences, permitting transformed shoots to be selected on hygromycin containing medium. Well rooted transformed plants were transferred to pots containing soil and after acclimatization the plants were maintained under controlled environmental condition. A total of 9 transformed plants were obtained from BARI Sarisha-8 variety, presumably indicating this protocol is more amenable to genotype independent genetic transformation. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene (PDH45 and hptII) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Factors influencing transformation efficiency include explant age, optical density of Agrobacterium culture for infection, duration of infection and co-cultivation with Agrobacterium were also assessed. Genetic transformation method developed in this study certainly could be utilized for introducing abiotic stress resistance in the local cultivars of oilseed Brassica. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 345-358, 2022 (June)

Yield performance of radiation induced rapeseed mutants at M8 generation

Rapeseed is the most potential oil seed crops of Indian sub-continent. So higher seed yield potential variety is central choice of rapeseed grower. To verify the yield performances of rapeseed mutants an experiment was conducted at various locations of Bangladesh. Four true breeding (homozygous) mutants obtain from three different radiation doses (600, 800 and 900 Gy) along with the mother variety BARI Sarisha-15 and check variety BARI Sarisha-17 were used for each condition. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Interaction between genotype and location showed significant variations for all the agronomic traits, whereas only non-significant variations were provided from branch plant-1 and siliquae length for location. Mutant RM-20 produces the highest plant height (101.1cm) and matures earlier than all other mutants’ parent and check. At Magura and Ishurdi all the mutants produce significantly higher number of siliquae plant-1 then parent BARI Sarisha-15 and check BARI Sarisha-17. RM-18 and RM-20 produce maximum seeds siliquae-1 (30) whereas the mutant RM-07 produced lowest number of seeds siliquae-1 (22). Combined means over locations showed that mutants namely RM-18 and RM-20 produced significantly higher seed yield (1551.1 and 1385 kg/ha, respectively). This suggests that gamma ray’s irradiation can be fruitfully applied to develop mutants with higher seed yield and other agronomic traits in rapeseed

Zinc Effects Yield of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) Under Zero Tillage

Zero or no tillage (ZT) mustard (Brassica campestris L.) cultivation is being increased and popularized these days in Bangladesh. But micronutrient management specially Zinc (Zn) with recommended dose of NPKSB fertilizers are poorly practiced in this type of cultivation. Micro nutrient deficiency is an emerging problem due continuous usage of soil resources (ground water, intensive cultivation etc.). Thus, to sustain and adopt the potential yield of modern mustard varieties all types fertilization is must. Basing on this problem an investigation was employed at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) Sub-station, farm, Ishurdi, Pabna to find out definite dose of zinc application under zero tillage mustard cultivation for maximizing seed yield. The study was laid in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Two modern varieties viz. Binasarisha-10 (V1) and BARI Sarisha-14 (V2) were tested with six level of Zn doses viz. 0.0 kg ha-1 (T1), 1.5 kg ha-1 (T2), 3.0 kg ha-1 (T3), 4.5 kg ha-1 (T4), 6.0 kg ha-1 (T5) and 7.5 kg ha-1 (T6). Seed were line broadcasted after harvesting T. aman rice during Rabi 2020 season. Data on yield parameters were collected after final harvesting and analyzed by Statistix 10. Results divulge that maximum straw and seed yield was attained with treatment combinations V1T4 (3.63 t ha-1) and V2T4 (2.24 t ha-1) with V2T3 (2.18 t ha-1). Whereas, the minimum was obtained from V2T5 (2.51 t ha-1) and V1T1 (0.99 t ha-1) along with V2T1 (1.01 t ha-1). Hence, soil application of Zn between 3 kg ha-1 to 4.5 kg ha-1 may give satisfactory yield for ZT farming.

On-Farm Evaluation of Production Potential and Economics of Four Crops Based Cropping Pattern

A field experiment was conducted at multi-location testing (MLT) site, Barura under On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Cumilla during 2014-16 to determine the productivity and profitability of cropping patterns, viz. Boro (var. BRRI dhan28)-T.Aus (var. BRRI dhan48)- T. Aman (var. BRRI dhan49)-Fallow (existing cropping pattern) and Boro (var. BRRI dhan28)-T. Aus (var. BRRI dhan48)-T. Aman (var. Binadhan-11)-Mustard (var. BARI Sarisha-14) as improved cropping pattern. The results showed that improved cropping pattern provided higher amount of grain and by-product yield. The highest mean REY (18.08 t ha-1), PE (54.61 kg ha-1 day-1), LUE (90.68 %) and SYI (77.12%) was obtained from improved cropping pattern Boro-T.Aus-T. Aman-Mustard and the lowest (14.30 t ha-1 in 2014-15 and 13.98 t ha-1 in 2015-16) from farmers existing cropping pattern. The highest gross return (Tk. 274800 ha-1 in 2014-15 and Tk. 276600 ha-1 in 2015-16), gross margin (Tk. 113950 ha-1 in 2014-15 and Tk. 106750 ha-1 in 2015-16) and BCR (1.70 in 2014-15 and 1.66 in 2015-16) were obtained from improved four crops based cropping pattern (Boro-T. Aus-T. Aman-Mustard). Two years results showed that four crops could be grown one after another in a sequence in the farmers field of Cumilla region for achieving higher system productivity and economic return. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 101-108

GROWTH AND YIELD EVALUATION OF MUSTARD VARIETIES GROWN IN A MEDIUM HIGHLAND OF KHULNA REGION

The present research was conducted at the experimental field of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna during Rabi season 2016-17 to investigate the growth and yield performance of mustard varieties. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design consisting of eight mustard varieties (viz. BARI Sarisha-8, BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-13, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, BARI Sarisha-16, Rai and Tori-7) as treatment and replicated thrice. All the growth, yield attributes and yield were substantially influence among the mustard varieties except the phenological parameters. Results of the experiment showed that the highest plant height (131.33 cm), seed yield (1813.33 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3876.67 kg ha-1) were found in BARI Sarisha-16. BARI Sarisha-11 was found better in respect of maximum siliqua plant-1, weight of seeds plant-1, 1000-seed weight and harvest index. Besides this, BARI Sarisha-14 showed the maximum number of seeds siliqua-1. Therefore, findings of this study suggested that BARI Sarisha-16 would be suitable for better productivity and recommended for cultivation in the medium highland of Khulna region of Bangladesh.

Comparative karyomorphological analysis of two varieties of Brassica campestris from Bangladesh

Two varieties of the oilseed plant viz. Brassica campestris var. Tori-7 and Brassica campestris var. BARI Sarisha-9 were karyomorphologically investigated following orcein staining. Presence of “Round Pro-chromosome Type” of interphase nuclei and “Continuous Type” of prophase chromosomes indicating that both Tori-7 and BARI Sarisha-9 were originated from common ancestor. Moreover, both the varieties were found to possess 2n=20 chromosomes with almost similar range of length i.e.; 0.90±0.04-2.51±0.05μm for Tori-7 and 0.99±0.06-2.60±0.06μm for BARI Sharisha-9. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was recorded as 29.61±0.76μm for Tori-7 and 29.75±0.80μm for BARI Sharisha- 9 where a slight gradual decrease of chromosomal length was observed in both cases. Average chromosomal length, range of individual chromosomal length, relative length and centromeric index of both varieties were more or less similar. Karyotype symmetry index and Karyotype asymmetry index indicating the symmetric nature of both varieties. All metacentric chromosomes were found in Tori-7 representing strictly symmetric karyotype. Beside metacentric, 2 sub-metacentric chromosomes were found in BARI Sharisha-9 representing almost symmetric karyotype. Thus the two varieties of Brassica campestris -were plants of primitive nature. However, BARI Sharisha-9 can be considered comparatively advanced than Tori-7 based on different cytogenetical features. Therefore, the compilation of these karyomorphological information will be useful for authentic identification and characterization of the two varieties of Brassica campestris which are very basic and important information for breeding in crop improvement programme.
 Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 9(1 & 2): 69-77, 2020 (June & December)

Assessment of High-yielding Rapeseed-mustard Varieties in Haor (Wetland) Ecosystem for Development of Mustard-Boro Rice-Fallow Pattern in Sylhet Region of Bangladesh

Aims: To assess the suitability of short duration high yielding rapeseed-mustard variety(s) cultivation in the haor (wetland) areas.
 Study Design: Randomized complete block (RCB).
 Place and Duration of Study: Farmers’ field of Lalakhal, Jaintapur Upazila of Sylhet, Bangladesh during November 2014 to February 2015.
 Methodology: The treatments included in the experiment were seven rapeseed-mustard varieties viz. i. Tori-7, ii. BARI sarisha-13, iii. BARI sarisha-14, iv. BARI sarisha-15, v. BARI sarisha-16, vi. advanced line Nap-205 and vii. BINA sarisha-4. Design of the experiment was randomized complete block (RCB) with three replications.
 Results: The results revealed that BARI sarisha-16 produced the highest seed yield (1.99 t ha-1), but it took the maximum days (92) to maturity. The variety BARI sarisha-15 produced the second highest seed yield (1.78 t ha-1) closely followed by BINA sarisha-4 (1.75 t ha-1) and BARI sarisha-13 (1.68 t ha-1). The lowest seed yield (1.53 t ha-1) was obtained from the variety Tori-7 which was statistically similar to that of BARI sarisha-14 (1.59 t ha-1) and Nap-205 (1.68 t ha-1). Tori-7 took the minimum days (74.7) to maturity while BARI sarisha-15 took 77.7 days.
 Conclusion: Variety BARI sarisha-15 could be a good option for haor areas for cultivation in medium low land before Boro rice after recession of rainwater, as it took less duration to maturity (77.7 days) with good seed yield (1.78 t ha-1).

On-Farm Adaptation of Some Oilseed Crops Under Acidic Soil of Sylhet Region in Bangladesh

Screening of improve varieties for new areas is necessary to address the soil and environment for improving crop production systems. In this context, six separate field trials were conducted at farmer’s field in Sylhet areas for the two consecutive crop seasons during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively to evaluate the performance of improved varieties of crops with the existing cultivars. Each experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The unit plot size was varied with experiments. The result showed that improved varieties of oilseed crops mustard var. BARI Sarisha-16, soybean var. BARI Soybean-6, groundnut var. BARI Chinabadam-9, sesame var. BARI Til-4 and sunflower var. BARI Surjomukhi-2 performed better under the soil and climatic conditions of Sylhet region. This result reveled that these varieties of oilseed crops could be suitable for higher productivity and economic return.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 87-95

Comparative Study of Early and Late Maturing Rapeseed and Mustard Genotypes for Yield-related Traits and Fatty Acid Profiles

Rapeseed and mustard are the leading oilseed crops in Bangladesh. The demand for edible oil is growing irrespective of Bangladesh's low oilseed production. An intensified rapeseed and mustard cultivation can mitigate the ongoing oilseed crisis in Bangladesh. The purpose of this analysis was to define the difference between late maturing and early maturing rapeseed and mustard genotypes in terms of yield, yield contributing characteristics and fatty acid profile. Two early maturing and twenty late-maturing rapeseed and mustard lines were used in the experiment. Two late maturing lines M-215 and M-219 showed noteworthy results yielding 4.56 tons and 4.16 tons per ha, respectively. These late maturing genotypes achieved higher yield by producing bigger plants with a greater number of primary, secondary, and tertiary branches along with a higher number of siliqua per branch. Notably, the early maturing variety BARI Sarisha-14 recorded the highest number of seeds per siliqua. These two late-maturing lines also measured slightly lower oil content, higher oleic acid content, and a lower erucic acid profile.

Trait Association, Genetic Analyses and Fatty Acid Profiles in Oilseed Producing Rapeseed-Mustard (Brassicaspp.) Genotypes

Short duration oilseed Brassica varieties are important to increase cropping intensity as well as total oilseed production. In this research, genetic and multivariate analyses were conducted for 19 morphological characters of 48 rapeseed and mustard genotypes. Evaluation of oil content and fatty acid profiles were done for ten selected rapeseed and mustard genotypes. Significant genotypic variations were observed for all morphological characters except 1000 seeds weight. Days to 50% flowering, plant height, total number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, length of siliqua and days to maturity exhibited high broad sense heritability along with high genetic advance. Length of primary branches, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, total number of siliqua per plant, number of siliqua per main axis and number of siliqua per primary branches had a significant and positive correlation with yield per plant. According to principal component analysis and cluster analysis, BARI Sarisha-9, BD-110455, BD-7113, BD-6954 and BD-6953 were the earliest genotypes and BD-10112, M-395 and M-119-5 were comparatively high yielding genotypes. The genotypes BD-6953, BD-6954, BD-10455, BD-10112 and BD-7113 had comparatively lower erucic acid and saturated fatty acid profiles that are regarded as better edible oil characteristics. The selected genotypes and associated traits could be utilized for developing short duration, high yielding and edible quality rapeseed-mustard varieties.

Study on the Nutritional Composition of Oil Cakes of Different Released and Line Cultivars of Mustard and Rapeseed (Brassica spp.)

An experiment was conducted to study the nutritional composition of oil cakes of four released and two line cultivars of mustard and rapeseed (Brassica spp.). SAU Sarisha-2 had the highest amount of oil cake (61.26%) while BARI Sarisha-9 contained lowest amount of oil cake (59.45%). The highest dry weights of cake (56.56%), ash content (14.00%) and protein content (28.05%) was obtained from SAU Sarisha-2 and the lowest value obtained from BARI sarisha-9 which was (54.68%), (11.00%) and (25.05%) respectively. The highest amount of carbohydrate was found in Tori-7 (19.08%) and it was lowest in SAU Sarisha-2 (14.51%). Calcium and Magnesium content ranged from 0.722% to 1.006% and 0.370% to 0.838% respectively. Significantly highest amount of calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg) and Iron (Fe) was observed in Tori-7 (1.006%), (0.838%) and (101.3 ppm) respectively while the lowest amount of Ca (0.722%) from SAU sarisha-2 and lowest Mg (0.370%) and Fe (30.0 ppm) was obtained from BARI Sarisha-9. Copper and Zinc content ranged from 1.205 to 3.955 ppm and 24.30 to 51.12 ppm respectively. Cu and Zn content was highest in Tori-7×BARI Sarisha-6 (3.955 ppm) and (51.12 ppm) respectively while they are lowest in SAU Sarisha-2 (1.205 ppm) and (24.30 ppm) respectively. Gross energy ranged from 518.9 to 540.3 kcal g-1 and it was highest in BARI Sarisha-9 (540.3 kcal g-1) and lowest in SAU Sarisha-2 (518.9 kcal g-1).

RESPONSE OF SULPHUR AND ZINC NUTRITION TO THE SEED YIELD AND OIL CONTENT OF MUSTARD (CV. BARI SARISHA-14)

The role of different nutrient elements is well established in plant metabolism. However, different crops respond differently in relation to their growth and yield. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the response of sulphur and zinc nutrition to the seed yield and oil content of mustard (cv. BARI Sarisha-14). It, laid out in RCBD with three replications was consisted of four levels of sulphur (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) and Zn (0, 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1). It was observed that 60 kg Sulphur ha-1 gave significantly highest seed yield, oil content and harvest index owing to the highest number of branches plant-1, siliqua plant-1, seeds siliqua-1 and 1000-seed weight. Conversely, 0 kg Sulphur ha-1 provided the lowest seed yield and oil content of mustard. Again, the highest number of braches plant-1, siliqua plant-1 and seeds siliqua-1 was found at 3 kg zinc ha-1 which resulted in the highest seed yield, oil content and harvest index. The lowest performance of the yield components and yield was observed at 0 kg zinc ha-1. Interaction effect between 60 kg sulphur ha-1 and 3 kg zinc ha-1 provided the highest seed yield and stover yield because of the highest number of branches plant-1 and seeds siliqua-1 and the worst yield performance was a observed at the control treatment. Therefore, the application of sulphur and zinc at the rate of 60 kg ha-1 and 3 kg ha-1, respectively could be applied for BARI sarisha-14 for higher seed yield.

Yield and Yield Attributes of Short Duration Mustard as Influenced by Nutrient Rates

Mustard (Brassica napus)is the important principal edible oil-producing crop in Bangladesh. However, the nutrient requirement of mustard especially for the short duration variety is very much important to obtain higher yield. A field experiment was conducted to assess the requirement of major nutrients (N, P, K, and S), and to recommend fertilizers for short-duration mustard variety BARI Sarisha-14. There were 8 treatments T1=100% soil test based (STB) nutrients (N, P, K, S, Zn & B @ 90, 25, 60, 15, 2 & 1 kg ha-1, respectively) as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG,2012), T2=T1+ 25% N of FRG, T3=T1+ 25% NP of FRG, T4=T1+ 25% NK of FRG, T5=T1+ 25% PK of FRG, T6=T1+ 25% NPK of FRG, T7=75% of T1 and T8= native nutrient (control). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The results revealed that yield and yield parameters of mustard weresignificantly influenced by the nutrient levels. The highest value of almost all the yield components and yield were obtained in T6 among the treatments. The highest seed yield (1.68 t ha-1) and the maximum stover yield (2.96 t ha-1) were obtained from the treatment (T6) containing 100% STB nutrients with additional 25% NPK among the fertilizer treatments. The seed yield value was statistically higher than all other treatments except the treatment where100% STB nutrients with additional 25% NP were used (T3). The highest seed yield and stover production were attributed tothe yield contributing parameters. The highest amount of all the nutrients content was found in the treatment T6 that was followed by T3 and T4 and the lowest in T8. The highest amount of N, P, K, and S content in seed of the treatment T6 was 3.75, 0.97, 0.96 and 0.78%, respectively. The highest yield was accredited to the highest amount of nutrient content in seed. It could be concluded that the treatment T6 (STB fertilizer dose + 25% NPK of FRG) would suitable for short duration Mustard (BARI Sarisha-14) for getting higher yield and better performance.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 129-138

Increasing cropping intensity of Fallow-Boro-T. Aman cropping pattern with inclusion of Mustard in Tista Mender Floodplain soil

The field experiment was conducted at MLT site Pirgon, Rangpur and Domar, Nilphamari for two consecutive years 2015-17 to introduce BARI Sarisha-14 in the fallow period and to study the comparative agronomic performance and economic return of two cropping sequences (viz. improved cropping pattern-Mustard-Boro rice-T. aman rice and existing cropping pattern -Fallow-Boro rice-T. aman rice) for increasing cropping intensity, productivity and land use efficiency. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Two years mean data showed that the improved management practices for the pattern provided significantly higher yield in improved pattern. Higher rice equivalent yield (REY) of cropping system (mean value 14.49 t ha-1) was recorded with the improved pattern over existing pattern at MLT site Pirganj. REY increased 4.60 t ha-1by inclusion of mustard with improved production technologies for the component crops. Similar results were also found in Domar. The gross return of the improved pattern was BDT.239091 ha-1 which was more than 46.44% higher than farmers’ pattern of BDT.163267 ha-1 at MLT site Pirganj and in Domar gross return of the improved pattern was BDT.241345 ha-1 which was more than 44.18% higher than farmers’ pattern of BDT.167392 ha-1.The gross margin was higher in improved cropping pattern in both locations than existing pattern due to addition of Mustard.
 Progressive Agriculture 30 (4): 360-370, 2019

Effect of Harvesting Stages on Seed and Oil Yield of Rapeseed-mustard to Suitable in a Cropping Pattern

Aim: To find out the optimum harvesting stage of high yielding rapeseed-mustard varieties to fit in rice based cropping pattern.
 Study Design: The field study was arranged following RCB (factorial) design with three replications.
 Place and Duration of the Study: Agronomy field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jamalpur (located between 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹ North latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ East longitude), Bangladesh during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017.
 Methodology: Seeds of mustard varieties viz. BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15, Binasarisha-4 & Tori-7 were sown in line maintaining 30cm spacing on 02 November, 2015 and 06 November, 2016. This varieties were harvested at four different harvesting stages viz. H1= Green stage of siliquae, H2= Pale yellow stage of siliquae, H3= Golden yellow stage of siliquae and H4= Full maturity stage of siliquae. Green stage of siliquae was determined just at seven to ten days after all flower droppings of crop while the pale and golden yellow stage of siliquae was determined when 40%-50% and 70%-80% bearing turned into light yellow and deep yellow in color respectively. Full maturity stage of siliqua was determined when lower bearing just brust out.
 Results: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 (B. campestris) and Binasarisha 4 (B. napus) may be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae at 73, 82 and 78 DAS (average of two years) considering 11.0% seed and 3.15% oil yield; 10.0% seed and 1.56% oil yield; 6.60% seed and 3.90% oil yield loss respectively than full maturity stage of siliquae.
 Conclusion: BARI Sarisha-14, BARI Sarisha-15 and Binasarisha 4 need to be sown within first week of November in districts named Mymensingh (located 24°15′ and 25°15′ N and 90°49′ E longitudes), Jamalpur (located 24°34ʹ and 25°26ʹN latitude and 89°40ʹ and 90°12ʹ E longitude) and Tangail (located 24°01′ and 24°47′ N latitudes and 89°44′ and 90°18' E longitudes) and the crop should be harvested at pale yellow stage of siliquae (within 73-82 days period) sacrificing seed and oil yield loss to some extent to introduce HYVs of rapeseed-mustard in rice based cropping pattern.

Combining ability and gene action analysis in a half-diallel cross of Brassica rapa L.

Fifteen hybrids along with six parents were tested to identify good combiners through analyzing combining ability and gene action for yield and its attributes. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications during 2010/11 at research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka. Data for days to 50% flowering and 80% maturity, plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, seed yield and 1000-seed weight was recorded for analysis.The results showed that mean squares for parents, hybrids, parent vs hybrid were significantly different (p<0.01 or p<0.05) for most of the traits. Highly significant mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were found for all the traits except for length of pod, whereas highly significant mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were also found for days to 50% flowering, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, length of pod and seed yield per plant. This indicated that both additive and non-additive gene effects were important but additive gene effects were predominant for the expression of most of the measured traits. Estimates of GCA and SCA effects for yield and its attributes suggested that parent BARI Sarisha-6, BARI Sarisha-15 and Tori-7 was good combiners for different traits. Hayman’s graphical analysis indicated both over- and partial-dominance for growth and yield attributes. As dominant (non-fixable) variation was high for most of the attributes, substantial improvements of these traits may be possible by transferring complementary gene into non-epistatic high-dominance crosses or eliminating duplicate genes from high-dominance crosses. Considering GCA, SCA and per se performance BARI Sarisha-6, BARI Sarisha-15 and Tori-7 might be good parents towards an effective breeding programme.

Performance of Rapeseed and Mustard with Different Planting Techniques

The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm to evaluate the performance of five rapeseed and mustard varieties under two different planting techniques. The planting techniques were as conventional sowing and sowing seeds in puddle soil that assigned to the main plot and five varieties viz. Improved Tori-7, BARI Sarisha -13, BARI Sarisha -15, BARI Sarisha -16 and SAU SR-3 in the sub-plots. Almost all the studied parameters were found statistically similar under two planting techniques except siliqua length that was higher (5.51 cm) in conventional method compared to that of sowing in puddled soil (5.14 cm). The highest number of siliquae plant-1 (143.67) was obtained from BARI Sarisha -16 that was similar to SAU SR-03 (134.15) and Improved Tori-7 (116.90). The maximum1000-seed weight (4.35 g) was obtained from BARI Sarisha -16 under conventional planting method that was similar to BARI Sarisha -13 irrespective of planting methods. The maximum number of siliqua plant-1 (145.20) was found in BARI Sarisha -16 under conventional planting method that was similar to the same variety in puddle soil (142.13), SAU SR-03 in both the planting method and Improved Tori-7 in conventional method (131.20). The Improved Tori-7 variety gave the maximum seed yield (2.24 t ha-1) followed by BARI Sarisha -16 (1.96 t ha-1). The highest seed yield was given by the variety BARI Sarisha -16 in conventional planting method (2.39 t ha-1) that was similar to Improved Tori-7 variety irrespective of planting techniques.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(1): 79-88