Bank Managers Research Articles

Online Blood Bank Management System

Blood donation plays a significant role in saving the lives of many people worldwide. The blood bank management system is a crucial tool for maintaining the inventory of blood donations and blood Management The System will help in the efficient management of blood donations and Blood Samples. The system allows blood banks to store and manage their data in a secure environment, providing better accessibility and scalability The web application is also designed to improve the communication between the blood bank and donors. In this System, we propose the design and implementation of a blood bank management system using a visual Studio Code. The system will also allow for tracking of donor information, blood types, and inventory records

An Empirical Analysis of Director Turnover in US Banks During the Financial Crisis

We examine the impact of bank risk-taking and performance on the director labor market outcomes of 3,263 bank directors associated with 279 publicly listed US banks during the financial crisis and subsequently. We find that risk-taking before the financial crisis increases the likelihood of turnover during the financial crisis for bank directors, particularly if the bank does not perform well relative to its peers. Consistent with the evidence for directors of non-financial firms, we find that directors of banks that performed relatively well during the financial crisis were less likely to experience turnover on the bank board. Surprisingly, the directors leaving the board before turning 70 years of age held fewer committee assignments, were less busy, had smaller networks, were less likely to be independent, and with larger banks and boards. Overall, we find evidence of bank performance influencing director turnover during and after the financial crisis.

Readability and banks’ risk-taking behavior: Evidence from GCC

We investigate the relationship between annual reports’ text readability and bank risk-taking in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. We find that easy-to-read annual reports are associated with a higher probability of banks’ insolvency. This finding suggests that banks with higher risks have a greater incentive to reduce information asymmetry, resulting in easy-to-read annual reports to gain the trust of the banks’ investors. The result is also attributable to the fact that GCC banks have a tight culture and formal procedures that bank managers rely upon to manage uncomfortable circumstances like risk-taking behavior. Our study findings also suggest that the traditional dynamics of market discipline theory do not effectively operate within the GCC banking environment. This might be attributed to the inadequate governance frameworks established for these financial institutions.

Bank performance and financial stability during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from the MENA region

PurposeThis study investigates the role of market concentration and efficiency in banking system stability during the COVID-19 pandemic. We empirically test the hypothesis that market concentration and efficiency are significant determinants of bank performance and stability during the time of crises, using a sample of 575 banks in 20 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).Design/methodology/approachThe main sources of bank data are the BankScope and BankFocus (Bureau van Dijk) databases, World Bank development indicators, and official websites of banks in MENA countries. This study combined descriptive and analytical approaches. We utilize a panel dataset and adopt panel data econometric techniques such as fixed/random effects and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator.FindingsThe results reveal that market concentration negatively affects bank profitability, whereas improved efficiency further enhances bank performance and contributes to the banking sector’s overall stability. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that during the COVID-19 pandemic, bank stability strongly depended on the level of market concentration, but not on bank efficiency. However, more efficient banks are more profitable and stable if the banking institutions are Islamic. Similarly, Islamic banks with the same level of efficiency demonstrated better overall financial performance during the pandemic than their conventional peers did.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation is related to the period of COVID-19 pandemic that was covered in this paper (2020–2021). Therefore, further investigation of the COVID-19 effects on bank profitability and risk will require an extended period of the pandemic crisis, including 2022.Practical implicationsThis study provides information that will enable bank managers and policymakers in MENA countries to assess the growing impact of market concentration and efficiency on the banking sector stability. It also helps them in formulating suitable strategies to mitigate the adverse consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our recommendations are useful guides for policymakers and regulators in countries where Islamic and conventional banking systems co-exist and compete, based on different business models and risk management practices.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the banking stability literature by investigating the role of market concentration and efficiency as the main determinants of bank performance and stability during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is the first to analyze banking sector stability in the MENA region, using both individual and risk-adjusted aggregated performance measures.

Impact of corporate culture on product innovation capacity: Evidence of Vietnam commercial bank

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the bank’s corporate culture on its product innovation in Vietnam. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to improve the bank's ability to innovate. Research hypotheses were put forth based on an analysis of the literature addressing the relationship between corporate culture and innovative potential. The data was obtained from the survey conducted in 2021 with 268 participants from 18 banks in Vietnam. SPSS software was used to verify the research hypotheses. According to the empirical findings of the regression model, creative culture and leadership are the two essential elements through which corporate culture influences Vietnamese commercial banks' creative product offerings. The study’s results are expected to help bank managers use direct efforts and resources in the most effective and efficient way to encourage the bank’s product innovation. Banks in Vietnam need to focus on building a culture that fosters innovation. The leaders of a bank need to be proactive in encouraging changes and taking risks to remain relevant in the market. Moreover, fostering and raising awareness of business culture among bank staff is of utmost importance. The bank needs to have a reasonable customer policy and clearly define the bank's vision and core values and create a culture of good behavior in the bank culture. The bank's product innovation capacity would be improved by promoting these values in the workplace.

Replicating the suitability rule and economic theory in pursuit of microfinance inclusion of women micro-agribusinesses in rural financial markets

PurposeWith reference to the global financial crisis and lessons learned, advocacy for distributing suitable financial products by financial intermediaries remain key if consumers, especially the illiterate in underdeveloped financial markets, are to be absorbed into the formal financial system. Financial intermediaries such as microfinance banks should provide suitable financial products, with full disclosure of information and customer protection relating to distribution of all financial products within the financial market to prevent financial vulnerability. The main purpose of this study is to establish the mediating role of financial product suitability in the relationship between access to microfinance products and survival of women micro-agribusinesses in rural Uganda.Design/methodology/approachSmartPLS with bootstrap based on 5,000 samples was used to test for the mediating role of financial product suitability in the relationship between access to microfinance products and survival of women micro-agribusinesses in rural Uganda.FindingsThe results revealed that financial product suitability improves access to microfinance products by 29 percentage points to promote survival of women micro-agribusinesses in rural Uganda. In reality, delivering suitable financial products that suit the economic condition of poor women micro-agribusiness borrowers, can allow them to use these products to generate income to meet timely repayment obligations and business demands.Research limitations/implicationsThe current study selected samples from only women micro-agribusinesses operating in rural Uganda, with a specific focus on the northern region. Thus, studies involving samples selected from other rural developing countries may be necessary in future. Additionally, while the findings are significant, the data were collected from only women microenterprises who are clients of microfinance banks. Future studies focusing on women microenterprises who are clients of other financial institutions may offer insightful comparative data.Practical implicationsThe findings from this study offer strategies for managers of microfinance banks to invent and design financial products that suit the economic status and condition of different microcredit clients, especially the women micro-agribusinesses. This can help them to solve the problem of defaults in loan repayment and delinquency common while lending to the rural poor. In fact, microfinance banks should adopt a customized loan pricing model that can promote the operational sustainability and commercial viability of women micro-agribusinesses in the current situation of mission adrift.Originality/valueThe current study uses the suitability rule and economic theory to elucidate the importance of microfinance product suitability to increase microfinance inclusion of women micro-agribusinesses in rural areas in developing countries. The novelty in this paper is in combining the suitability rule and economic theory with microfinance theory to promote access to microcredit by the women micro-agribusinesses in rural Uganda under the situation of mission adrift. This is limited in the existing microfinance literature and theory, especially in developing countries like Uganda.

An Efficient and Secure Blockchain Consensus Algorithm Using Game Theory

Blockchain technology is a decentralized ledger system that finds applications in various domains such as banking, e-governance, and supply chain management. The consensus algorithm plays a crucial role in any blockchain network as it directly impacts the network's performance and security. There have been several proposed consensus mechanisms in the literature, including Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), Robust Proof of Stake (RPoS), and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS). Both Ethereum and Bitcoin utilize the PoW consensus mechanism, where nodes compete to solve puzzles in order to generate blocks, consuming significant processing power. On the other hand, the PoS consensus mechanism selects miners based on the stakes they hold, making it more energy efficient. However, PoS has drawbacks such as vulnerability to coin age accumulation attacks and the potential for partial centralization. In this work, we present a consensus mechanism known as Delegated Proof of Stake with Downgrading Mechanism using Game Theory (DDPoS (GT)). This mechanism employs a two-step game strategy to divide nodes into strong and weak nodes, as well as attack and non-attack nodes. Later, the results of the two games are combined to enhance protocol efficiency and security. Experimental results using a private Ethereum-based network demonstrate that DDPoS (GT) performs better than PoS and DPoS in terms of transaction latency, average block waiting time, and fairness.

Effects of Non-Performing Loans & COVID-19 Pandemic on the Performance of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the global economy, and the non-performing loans (NPLs) have become a pressing issue for commercial banks in Sri Lanka. It is doubtful how the NPLs and COVID-19 Pandemic have affected the performance of commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate effects of non-performing loans & COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of Sri Lankan commercial banks for the period of 2011 - 2021. The panel data regression analysis was used to investigate the effects of non-performing loans & COVID-19 pandemic on the financial performance of Commercial Banks. The results of the analysis revealed that non-performing loans and the pandemic period have a negative impact on the profitability of commercial banks in Sri Lanka. Thus, this study is useful for bank management officials to protect banks from crises and create ideas to enhance the performance of banks.

Achieving banking industry innovation performance using total quality management: an empirical study

PurposeWhile scholars have researched the impact of specific total quality management (TQM) aspects on innovation performance (INP), empirical evidence on how the former, as a composite construct, influences the latter is rare. To add, empirical evidence on the mechanism through which TQM passes to affect innovative behaviour (INB) and, then, INP is limited. Essentially, scholars have requested that future research look at the boundary conditions that support the adoption of TQM activities in businesses. Although the banking sector has experienced a number of transformations, there is still a need to raise the standard of service provided to bank customers. This research sheds more light on this subject.Design/methodology/approachThis research tests the hypotheses in Ahinful et al.’s (2023) conceptual model using responses from 260 top- and middle-level bank managers by applying Smart PLS. Organisational support and team member exchange were used as potential control variables for the mediator, while slack resources and bank size were applied to the target endogenous latent construct. Mediation and moderation effects were estimated using the variance accounted for (VAF) and product indicator approaches, respectively. Sig. level was set at 5%.FindingsThis study found that TQM and INP had a positive and significant connection (ß = 0.303, p = 0.000), and INB partially mediated this connection (VAF = 40.92%). However, government regulation (GOV; ß = 0.055, p = 0.365), market dynamism (MKD; ß = 0.063, p = 0.434), competitive intensity (CMP; ß = 0.069, p = 0.297) and technological turbulence (TUR; ß = 0.011, p = 0.865) all failed to moderate the TQM–INB connection, although the expected positive directions of these moderation relationships were established.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides empirical evidence on the TQM–INP connection, how this connection may be mediated and how the TQM–INB connection may be activated. It also sheds light on novel ways in which service quality in the banking sector may be improved. Upcoming research may explore other control variables in their research. Since the moderating relationships were unsupported, this avenue is open for further research, particularly in other banking settings across the globe.Practical implicationsPractical lessons for bank consultants, regulators, customers, employees and managers are deliberated.Originality/valueThis research is novel. It is the first to test the hypotheses in Ahinful et al.’s (2023) conceptual model. This study advances the theoretical frameworks and existing knowledge within the TQM, innovation and performance management fields.

Does Financial Performance Mediate the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Corporate Value? Evidence from Indonesian Banking Companies

The banking sector has the potential to progress and grow sustainably. This is reflected in the increase in the value of distributed funds and the value of commercial bank assets. However, this increase was not in line with the increase in company value. Therefore, companies must be able to optimize their resources to increase corporate value. This study aims to analyze and explain the factors that can affect corporate value. The variables used in this research are corporate governance as an independent variable, financial performance as a mediating variable, and corporate value as a dependent variable. The type of research used is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The samples for this research were Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BBRI), Bank Mandiri (BMRI), Bank Negara Indonesia (BBNI), and Bank Tabungan Negara (BBTN). The data analysis was done using descriptive statistical analysis and partial least squares (PLS) analysis which is processed using SmartPLS software. The results of this research indicate that corporate governance has a negative and insignificant effect on corporate value. Furthermore, corporate governance variables also had a negative and insignificant effect on financial performance. Apart from that the results also show that the financial performance variable is not able to mediate the relationship between corporate governance and corporate value significantly. The practical implication of this research was to encourage banking management in Indonesia to implement good corporate governance as it can boost financial performance.
 Keywords: banking, corporate governance, corporate value, financial performance

Pengelolaan Bank Sampah Bersama Masyarakat Membuat Ecoenzym Di Desa Sidamukti

Waste bank management is an important innovation in efforts to maintain environmental sustainability. One approach that is increasingly developing is the application of ecoenzymes in managing waste banks together with the community. Ecoenzymes, as natural bioactivators, have a significant role in accelerating the decomposition process of organic waste, reducing waste and improving compost quality. This research was carried out in the coastal area, Sidamukti Village, Sukaresmi District on February 14 2024. This research aims to evaluate the benefits of ecoenzymes in managing waste banks in collaboration with the community. Participatory/field methods are used to involve activities with the community in the process of collecting, separating and managing waste. The research results show that the application of ecoenzymes can increase composting efficiency, reduce carbon footprints, and provide unique works of art from waste management that have economic value. In addition, collaboration with the community involves them actively in the waste management process, increases environmental awareness, and creates a positive impact on environmental cleanliness. Therefore, the implementation of ecoenzymes in managing waste banks with the community provides great ecological and social benefits, supports efforts to maintain environmental sustainability and improves the quality of life of the community.

Efficiency, liquidity risk and asset quality: a comparative analysis of Islamic and conventional banks in Pakistan

Purpose This study aims to investigate differences between Islamic and conventional banks in Pakistan with respect to their operational efficiency, liquidity risk and asset quality. Importantly, in addition to full-fledged Islamic and conventional banks, this study also investigates a more recently emerged breed of hybrid banks, i.e. Islamic divisions of conventional banks. Design/methodology/approach Data for the period 2011–2020 was collected from financial reports of all full-fledged Islamic banks (5), Islamic banking divisions of conventional banks (8) and conventional banks (20) in Pakistan. Logistic regressions were designed to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The findings suggest that full-fledged Islamic banks are operationally less efficient and experience higher liquidity risk than conventional banks. However, the asset quality of Islamic banks is better than that of conventional banks. Next, in the robustness analysis, the authors extended the sample size by adding the Islamic divisions (window) of the conventional banks; they found almost the same result except for efficiency which turned out to be non-significantly related to bank type. Practical implications The findings are beneficial for investors, depositors, consumers and bank management in understanding the financial features of such as efficiency, liquidity and liquidity risk that separate Islamic banks from conventional banks. Originality/value The findings of this study present a clear picture to bankers and practitioners about some financial features of banking systems and depict that Islamic banks are in need to improve their liquidity risk management practices to compete with conventional banks.

Sự tin tưởng của khách hàng đối với dịch vụ ngân hàng điện tử trong bối cảnh đánh cắp danh tính trực tuyến: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm trên địa bàn Hà Nội

The purpose of this study is empirical research to upgrade customer trust in e-banking platforms through practical e-banking service quality, customer satisfaction and the fear of online identity theft. Data was collected through structured questionnaires from 188 individual e-banking customers in Hanoi during the period from April to June 2023. To test hypotheses, the structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used. The findings revealed that e-service quality aspects have improved customer satisfaction and enhanced their trust, at the same time, customer trust improves as they feel their fear of identity theft diminishing. The results of this study provide useful information for commercial bank managers to consider aspects of e-banking service quality to achieve satisfaction, trust and a better understanding of the impact of fear of online identity theft on customer trust in the context of online identity theft increased in Vietnam.

Principal Component Analysis - Comparative Study on Performance of Axis Bank and Indian Bank

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a technique for reducing the dimensionality of such datasets, increasing interpretability but at the same time minimizing information loss. In this article, we have applied PCA to analyse a range of financial indicators such as capital adequacy, asset quality profitability, liquidity and efficiency across Axis and Indian bank. This study has been carried out using the data from 2014 to 2023. In this article PCA analysis has grouped the both banks using thirteen years financial data into three major components such as operating Income Ratio, Net profit Ratio and Expenses ratio. The two banks Axis banks and Indian bank have been taken for analysis. Thirteen financial indicators have been taken for the study and it have been grouped into three components in AXIS bank such as Operating Ratio, Net profit Ratio and Expenses Ratio and two components in Indian bank like Operating Ratio and Net profit Ratio. The result of this analysis reveals the underlying dimensions of bank performance and highlight the most significant factors influencing bank efficient performance. Additionally, the study examines how these factors changed over time and the article provides valuable insights into complex dynamics of bank performance and contributes suggestions for efficient bank management

Pengaruh Intellectual Capital terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Bank Syariah di Malaysia Tahun 2019-2022

This study aims to investigate the effect of Intellectual Capital on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Malaysia during the period 2019-2022. This research method uses a quantitative approach by collecting data from the annual financial statements of Islamic banks in Malaysia during the study period. Intellectual Capital is measured by Capital Employed Efficiency, Human Capital Efficiency and Structural Capital Efficiency. Financial performance is measured by ROA (Return on Assets). The data analysis technique uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The sample was selected based on purposive sampling and there were 13 Islamic Banks for 4 years. The results showed that intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. This finding indicates that the management and development of intellectual capital, such as efficient use of capital, improving employee skills, and strengthening organizational infrastructure, contribute positively to the financial performance of Islamic banks in Malaysia. The practical implication of this study is that the management of Islamic banks should pay special attention to the management of their intellectual capital as part of the strategy to improve ROA. Investment in intellectual capital development can generate long-term benefits for Islamic banks, especially in the face of intensifying competition in the banking industry.

The Impact of Entrepreneurial Leadership on Organizational Risk Management: The Modified Role of Strategic Thinking in Jordanian Commercial Banks

The study aimed to investigate the impact of entrepreneurial leadership on risk management and to clarify the modified role of strategic thinking in enhancing the effect of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational risk management in Jordanian commercial banks. The researcher adopted the descriptive-analytical methodology, targeting managers and department heads. The researcher employed a simple random sampling method with a sample size of (199) managers and department heads. Various appropriate statistical methods were used, and the study reached several results, including a high level of interest and practice in entrepreneurial leadership and organizational risk management dimensions However., the levels of strategic thinking practice were moderate. The study results indicated a statistically significant impact of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational risk management and a modified impact of strategic thinking in improving the effect of entrepreneurial leadership on organizational risk management. In light of the study results, the researcher proposed several recommendations, including the necessity of enhancing the skills of entrepreneurial leadership, risk management, and strategic thinking in these banks. This is to develop organizational capabilities to confront internal and external risks, enhance predictive abilities, and build scenarios to identify, assess, and address risks, steering them away or minimizing their impact on commercial banks.

Regional Bank customer relationship management model through Public Relations functions

The banking industry, in practice, was established as the community's economic foundation that provides financial services expected to restore and enhance national and regional economic growth. Bank BPD DIY has a strategic role as a government partner and a motor accelerator of regional development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. State civil apparatus (ASN) DIY is required to use Bank BPD DIY; it is necessary for customer relationship management (customer). This study aimed to find a model of customer relationship management of regional banks through public relations functions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. The results of this study indicate that the customer relationship management model at Bank BPD DIY is carried out through three aspects. The first is to provide excellent service (excellent service), which is implemented by implementing the main values of Bank BPD DIY, namely respect, accuracy, modernity, trust, and reliability (friendly), providing funds and credit services, mobile banking, and customer service, and call center. Second, build customer satisfaction and loyalty through programs that provide promos, giveaways, sweepstakes, birthday greetings, and Corporate Social Responsibility. Third, develop good relationships with consumers through the use of social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp broadcasts, organizing events, as well as providing sponsorship assistance in the form of products and cash.

Investment Portfolio Management System Using Machine Learning

Abstract: Portfolio management is the concept of determining the proportions of various assets to be held in a portfolio in order to maximize return while minimizing risk exposure. Investment banking and financial management both depend heavily on portfolio optimization. Choosing the greatest feasible combinations of several portfolios to construct an optimal portfolio is an exponentially complex challenge in terms of computation. It's commonly believed that public opinion and financial markets are intertwined. Recently, a variety of machine learning algorithms have been employed to anticipate short-term financial markets with positive outcomes. On the other hand, historical returns don't seem to fit the normal distribution theory. But sentiment analysis performs better when combined with long short-term memory networks and historical data. In this project, we want to use AI/ML to predict portfolio risk and provide insights into how stocks will perform. We will train our model using datasets obtained from the Yahoo Financial API that include historical data from the top 100 companies (NIFTY 100) in the NSE and BSE from 2010 to 2021.

Factors affecting operational risk management of Vietnam commercial banks in Dong Nai province

Operational risk management and supervision are essential as a bank's reliable shield to prevent violations of banking risk management principles. Using the convenient sampling method, the authors surveyed 336 valid answer sheets, corresponding to 350 managers and staff working at Vietnam commercial banks in Dong Nai province. Research results show that there are 5 factors affecting operational risk management with a significance level of 5%, with an adjusted R2 coefficient of 0.604, which means that the built multiple linear regression model. The fit for the data set is 60.4%, meaning the model explains 60.4% of the variation in operational risk management due to 5 impact factors. Finally, the authors propose five policy implications that contribute to improving operational risk management, corresponding to the five factors in order of priority: Operational risk management related to organizational structure the highest standardized regression coefficient of 0.468, and the leadership perspective on operational risk management with the lowest standardized regression coefficient of 0.159.

Sharia Board Characteristics, Macroeconomic Factors, and Non-performing Financing of Indonesian Islamic banks

This study examines the impact of Islamic board characteristics (SB) and macroeconomic factors on the Non-performing financing (NPF) of Islamic commercial banks (ICB). The sample of this study consisted of 14 ICBs in Indonesia from 2010 to 2021. In this study, data estimation used a one-step GMM System model. SB features such as SB Size and SB Woman were found to have a detrimental impact on NPF. GDP per capita, for example, negatively affects NPF, while inflation has a positive impact. However, this study could not show the impact of SB characteristics such as expertise and proximity of SB to NPF. The study also found that macroeconomic factors such as annual open unemployment and interest rates showed an insignificant negative influence on NFP. The findings of this study help regulators, investors, and management of Islamic banks better understand the impact of SB characteristics and macroeconomic factors on Non-performing financing (NPF) of Islamic banks, especially in the context of ICB in Indonesia. In addition, it is expected to inspire similar research in the future.