Banks In Vietnam Research Articles

Customer Perception on Green Banking - An Empirical Study in Vietnam

Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate the level of awareness and perception among customers regarding the implementation of green banking practises by commercial banks in Vietnam. Method: The study utilised data obtained from a total of 455 responses and subsequently analysed them by statistical techniques such as Cronbach's Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Multivariate regression. Results and Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that there is a low level of awareness regarding green banking among customers. However, customers do recognise the significance of green banking. The study also found that the Green Environmental Policy (POL), Performance of Green Banking (PER), and Excellence of Green Banking (EXC) have a positive impact on customer perception (CUSPER). On the other hand, no significant relationship was observed between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Capacity of Staff (STAFF), and Customer Perception (CUSPER). Research implication: The research findings have some implications for banking industry, emphasising the needs for banks to engage in green banking practises.

Factors of Value Chain Affect Bank Efficiency

This paper aims to determine and estimate the factors in the value chain that affect the efficiency of state-owned commercial banks in Vietnam. The study employs a combination of qualitative techniques, such as conducting interviews with top executives, financial managers, chief accountants, and employee surveys, along with quantitative methods like ordinary least squares analysis. The outcomes reveal four critical segments within the value chain – the retail department, operation department, back office, and call center – all of which significantly influence the efficiency of the banks. Additionally, drawing upon value chain theory and Porter's model (1985), the author underscores the significance of implementing a robust value chain strategy. This strategic approach has the potential to substantially enhance the competitive advantages of state-owned commercial banks in Vietnam. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-06-010 Full Text: PDF

Optimizing profitability through capital structure: An empirical analysis of Vietnamese commercial banks

This study examines how the way Vietnamese commercial banks manage their money affects their profits. Vietnam's financial scene is changing quickly, and commercial banks are always trying to make more money. Capital structure, which includes things like debt and assets, is very important in this. This research looks closely at how different parts of capital structure affect a bank's profits. It uses data from 18 commercial banks in Vietnam that are listed on the stock market. The study uses the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method, a detailed way of analyzing data. This method shows a clear link between capital structure—which includes debt ratio, growth rate, asset turnover, and asset size—and the profits of these banks. The results show how important capital structure is and suggest ways bank managers can improve profits by changing their capital structure. This can help make the banking sector in Vietnam stronger and more effective.

The role of perceived security and social influence on the usage behavior of digital banking services: An extension of the technology acceptance model

The goal of this research is to identify the variables influencing individual commercial bank customers’ intentions to use digital banking services. Digital banking is a relatively emerging research context that helps to complement and clarify marketing structures more clearly when combined with different factors to reflect convenience, usefulness, and distinct digital experiences for customers, thereby enhancing brand value for banks. Collecting data from 400 customers of banks in Vietnam is done through an online survey to ensure safety during the epidemic season. Data are analyzed according to the procedure from Cronbach's Alpha test, EFA to CFA, and tested by the SEM model. The results show that the perceived security factor has the most substantial influence on customers' behavioral intentions, thereby driving their actual behavior. Additionally, the usefulness, simplicity, and social influence of behavioral intentions for digital banking services all stimulate customer behavior. In the digital environment, this study suggests that following social phenomena and ensuring customer information security and transactions are extremely important. The results lead to shaping a culture-technology acceptance model based on TAM. That provides important insights and implications for the theoretical underpinnings of security perception, social influence, and usage behavior, such as how they are formed, roles, and relationships interrelationships between them in the digital environment.

The impact of size on income diversification: an empirical study on commercial banks in Vietnam

Banks are the engine of the economy. Therefore, bank performance has a direct impact on the development and security of the entire economy. The main source of income for commercial banks comes from lending and capital mobilization activity. Competition in the banking industry is increasingly fierce, not only among domestic banks but also with foreign banks. Thus, banks are trying to diversify their income sources, especially from non-interest activity. Most previous studies study the relationship between the bank's income diversification and the increase in the proportion of income from non-interest products and services. However, the relationship between income diversification and bank scale has not been studied as much. This paper examines the relationship between income diversification and commercial bank size in Vietnam. The study applies a panel data regression model with a sample of 23 commercial banks in Vietnam in the period 2012–2020, using the generalized least squares method to overcome variable variance and autocorrelation in the research model. Our results show that bank size has a positive impact on the degree of income diversification. At the same time, size has a larger impact on income diversification at large banks than small banks. Therefore, smaller banks need to concentrate on developing modern technology systems as well as improving the quality of personnel and operating experience rather than investing in new products and services. Further research may expand to include commercial banks of countries or regions in order to get a deeper look at the impact of size and some economic factors on income diversification.

BANK EFFICIENCY AND GOVERNANCE: EVIDENCE FROM JOINT VENTURE AND FOREIGN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN VIETNAM

In this paper, we intend to examine the influence of national governance on the bank efficiency of joint venture and foreign commercial banks in Vietnam. Joint venture and foreign commercial banks have been instrumental in introducing new financial products to the Vietnamese market (e.g., mortgage services and medium-term certificates of deposit). At the same time, they have also penetrated the retail market through automobile and housing loans, and international credit card services. We use the DEA double bootstrap method to develop a bank network function to evaluate bank efficiency. The findings from our random-effects model demonstrate that world governance indicators as proposed by the World Bank independently determine the bank efficiency of the joint venture and foreign commercial banks in Vietnam. There are important implications to be highlighted for policymakers and stakeholders of joint venture and foreign commercial banks and other types of banks in the banking industry elsewhere around the world.

Một số luận bàn về xây dựng tiêu chuẩn các vị trí lãnh đạo, quản lý và chuyên môn trọng tâm tại các ngân hàng thương mại ở Việt Nam

Human resources play a particularly important role in shaping the strategies, building plans, and action programs of a business in general, as well as of a specific commercial bank. This is a key factor that determines the success of an organization, especially in the context of digital technology and the strong development of the 4.0 revolution, which is constantly changing as it is today. Through a comprehensive document review and analysis, the authors have summarized the experiences of several countries and surveyed 15 commercial banks in Vietnam to propose the establishment of standards for leadership positions, management, and key expertise in commercial banks in Vietnam. The research results contribute to improving the effectiveness of human resource utilization in the operations of commercial banks in Vietnam.

Factors Affecting Achievement Motivation of Employees at PostMerger Commercial Bank in Vietnam

Implementing the Government's policy on restructuring the economy, including credit institutions, in the period 2011 - 2015, the project to restructure the commercial banking system was restarted drastically by the State Bank. Merger activities commercial banks have taken place extensively and are still being implemented. This study was conducted with the aim of clarifying the factors that affect the achievement motivation of employees at post-merger commercial bank employees in Vietnam. The research data was collected from 400 post-merger bank employees in Vietnam. Data analysis results show that the motivation to achcieve of employees at post-merger commercial banks is influenced by four factors (i) Personal factors, (ii) Relationship with managers and the role of managers, (iii) Job characteristics, (iv) Remuneration. On that basis, the research team proposes recommendations to help commercial banks effectively manage and utilize employees during work.

Using the Balanced Scorecard in the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development

The balanced scorecard gives managers a more balanced view of the entire organization's operations, providing a basis for selecting performance indicators that help managers evaluate the effectiveness of the organization. comprehensively execute the strategy while linking short-term goals with long-term strategy and vision. As one of the banks with a large market share, Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank) needs to build a balanced scorecard as a strategic management tool. The establishment of a balanced scorecard at Agribank should be approved by senior managers for all employees in the bank, with the support of the information technology system, it is certain that the balanced scorecard will be a strategic management tool to help the bank achieve its strategic goals and gain a long-term competitive advantage to become a bank with a large market share in Vietnam.

Research on Factors Affecting Credit Risk of Joint Stock Commercial Banks on Vietnam Stock Market

Design/methodology/approach: The article aims at identifying factors affecting credit risk of commercial banks in Vietnam. The study uses data collected from financial statements of 15 typical joint stock commercial banks out of a total of 27 joint stock commercial banks listed on the Vietnam stock exchange from 2012 to 2022 with panel data of 15 joint stock commercial banks for the period 2012 - 2022. The banks in the research data are the those with the largest total assets in the banking system. After collecting and processing data, research sample includes 165 observations and the study uses E-view software in quantitative analysis to build a regression model to determine the relationship and level of influence of Internal factors to credit risk of listed joint stock commercial banks.
 
 Findings: Research results indicate that factors affecting credit risk of listed joint stock commercial banks include: Ratio of equity to total assets, capital structure of the bank, and operational performance of the banks.
 
 Research, Practical & Social impications: These results confirm the importance of taking into account micro finance factors when making financing. Understanding the impact of these factors and relationships contributes to decision and risk management.
 
 Originality/value: In order to limit credit risk it is necessary to focus on: Ensuring reasonable equity; Stricter control over loan capital; Optimal use of resources.

Errors in The Acquisition of Various Grammar Items by Vietnamese Students at Elementary Level

This article uses test papers from students at Ho Chi Minh University of Banking (HUB) in Vietnam as the interlanguage corpus. According to the "Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education" (New Standads), we find out the grammatical items in which learners make errors and count their error rates, compared with Vietnamese expressions, analyze the cause of the error. The results show that in the band 1 grammar items of the “New Standard”, the proportion of Vietnamese students' errors in the total number of grammar items is relatively low: HSK1 class students have a total of 9 errors, accounting for 18.7% of the total grammar items in the band 1. In HSK2-3 class, Except for demonstrative pronouns, the error rate of these items decreased significantly, with 3 items having zero error rates. At the same time, 2 new error items appeared with the acquisition of new grammar points in this stage. The students in HSK1 class have a high error rate mainly due to the structural auxiliary word "的", the preposition "和" and "跟", the preposition "在" and the adverbial indicating the time. The high error rate among students in HSK2-3 class is mainly reflected in the special sentence structures of "了1、了2. The types of errors are mostly out of sequence or missing components. Therefore, when training Chinese to Vietnamese students, it is necessary to strengthen their expression order of "subject- time- object- location- action", which can solve multiple word order errors. In addition, for the teaching of "tenses", it is necessary to increase the repetition rate of learning materials and repeatedly practice using context, which can greatly improve students' bias situation.

Impact Digital Banking Development on the Business Efficiency: A Case Study of Commercial Banks in Vietnam

Objective: The article's goal is to explore the policy factors affecting the development of digital banking to improve the business efficiency of commercial banks and policy recommendations for developing digital banking services. Method: The study applied qualitative and quantitative approaches to process data through SPSS 20.0 and Amos software. The authors surveyed 750 staffs working for 25 commercial banks in Vietnam. This study used descriptive statistical tools, measuring scales with Cronbach's Alpha for structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: the article's value is to measure the policy factors affecting the development of digital banking to improve the business efficiency of commercial banks. From that,. The article's novelty has three key factors influencing the development of digital banking and business efficiency, with a significance of 1.0 percent. Conclusions: The Fourth Industrial Revolution substantially impacted all aspects of life, and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic worldwide catalyzed the demand for services. The digital platform has been increasing rapidly. As one of the fields that soon caught up with the change of technology, banks quickly approached, changed their business models, organized business, and provided innovative products and services to bring about innovative products and services. Finally, the study's original is to support policymakers and managers of banks in developing digital banking.

Characteristics and factors influencing the volume of breastmilk donated by women to the first human milk bank in Vietnam.

Donor human milk (DHM) is essential to the operation of human milk banks (HMB). This study examined characteristics and factors associated with higher volumes of DHM donation at the first HMB in Vietnam. Data from an online HMB monitoring system collected between February 2017 and July 2022 included demographic characteristics, child information, the timing of donation, and the volume of DHM. Higher volume is defined as equal to or greater than the median DHM volume per donor of 14.4 liters (L). Potential contributors to higher DHM volume were examined using the chi-square test in univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. During the 5.5-year operation, this HMB recruited 517 donors with an average age of 28.6 years. Approximately 60.9% of donors had a college or higher degree and 97.3% gave birth in Da Nang city. Of these donors, the prevalence of cesarean birth was 48.2%, preterm births was 40.2%, and 27.9% had babies with a birth weight of less than 1,500 g. There was a similar proportion of donors between the hospital (48.2%) and community (51.8%). On average, hospital donors started their donations 15 days after birth when their newborns were 33.9 weeks corrected age compared to 63 days and 47.7 weeks among community-based donors. The overall median volume of DHM per donor was 14.4 L over a period of 46 days. The amount and duration were higher in community-based donors (17.5 L in 72 days, 300 ml/day) than those in the hospital (8.4 L in 30 days, 258 ml/day). More than 37% of donors contacted the HMB themselves; the remainder were introduced by health professionals. Factors associated with higher volumes of DHM included higher education (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.87), having a full-term newborn (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.46, 4.13), and community-based donors (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.22, 3.78). Mothers with higher education and from the community donate more breastmilk over a longer duration than those with lower education and from the hospital. Breastfeeding protection, promotion, and support should be offered to all mothers with specialized breastfeeding support for mothers of preterm and sick infants. This will ensure mothers have sufficient breastmilk for their newborns and potentially surplus breastmilk for donation.

Theoretical Framework for Board Structure and Its Relationship with the Performance of Commercial Banks in Vietnam

<p>In order to build up the theoretical framework to examine the relationship between board structure and the performance of commercial banks in Vietnam, this paper examines the wide range of literature reviews on corporate governance factors, agency theory, and board structure attributes. This framework is served as an academic premise for further studies in the corporate governance and banking sector in the Vietnam context.</p> <p> </p>

Do Bank Funding Diversity and Bank Lending Affect Net Interest Margins? Evidence From Asia Markets Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic

This paper investigates how bank funding diversity and lending affect bank performance, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. We employ the Generalized Method of Moments to analyze unbalanced panels of commercial banks in China, Taiwan, and Vietnam. The empirical results show that a percentage increase in bank funding diversity and bank lending in the sample negatively affects profitability. In contrast, the results are mixed in each country due to different market microstructures. While holding diversified funding strengthens bank profitability during the pandemic, increasing lending activities dampers the bank’s performance. Finally, this research has important implications for bank managers and regulators to develop sustainable banking performance in emerging markets, especially during pandemics.

The trilogy between CEO overpower, green credit, and core competence: Evidence from commercial banks in Vietnam

This paper investigates the interconnection between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) power, green credit, and core competence of commercial banks in Vietnam. Our data sample consists of 373 annual observations from 2010 to 2021. We employ a dynamic system Generalized Method of Moments to analyze an unbalanced panel comprised of 373 annual observations from 2010 to 2021. The findings indicate an inverse U-shape relationship between CEO overpower and commercial banks' core competence. Moreover, the study reports that banks with green lending activities reduce core competence by about 0.1598 points more than other banks. In addition, the results indicate that CEO power moderates the relationship between green credit and core competence. Our findings align with stewardship, management entrenchment, first-mover advantage, stakeholder theories, and prior literature. The study has practical implications for policymakers to develop the banking system sustainably in emerging markets.

Income diversification, credit risk and bank stability: evidence from an emerging market

ABSTRACT With a sample of 28 commercial banks in Vietnam – an emerging market – this study applies the generalized movement model estimation technique (GMM-SYS) to examine the influences of income diversification and credit risk on bank stability (measured by Z-score) spanning from 2010 to 2020. The empirical findings document the significant impacts of income diversification and credit risk, together with specified macroeconomic and bank-specific indicators, on bank stability. A threshold analysis, in addition, quantifies the recommendation changes in NPL and LLP to contribute to bank stability. Some policy implications are subsequently withdrawn to promote the stability of Vietnamese commercial banks.

Digitalization and bank profitability: evidence from an emerging country

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of digitalization on bank profitability among Vietnamese banks.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs fixed-effects regression on a panel data of 32 banks in Vietnam during the period 2010–2021.FindingsThe study reveals a positive impact of digitalization on bank profitability. The result is robust to different measures and empirical settings. Not surprisingly, small banks and banks with high percentage of state ownership experience lower profitability than their peers. However, digitalization helps improve the profitability of these banks. This study explains the effect by showing that digitalization significantly reduces bank cost in terms of cost to income ratio and increases bank non-interest income through diversification into non-traditional products and services. In addition, the current stage of bank digitalization in Vietnam does not reduce banks’ employment costs since it requires staffs to support and operate the new system.Practical implicationsThe research findings are motivations for bankers and policy-makers in designing appropriate strategies toward digitalization. Investors can also consider highly digitalized banks as valuable investment.Originality/valueThis research extends the current literature on the relationship between digitalization and bank profitability, with a focus on commercial banks in Vietnam. Given the high involvement of the government and the dominance of several large banks in the banking system, the study also explores whether the effect of digitalization on bank profitability varies with the bank’s size and state ownership. Last but not least, the channels in which digitalization affects bank profitability are also examined.

How Foreign Ownership and Competition Affect the Credit Growth of Commercial Banks: Evidence from A Transitional Economy

This study examines the relationship between foreign ownership and market competition, proxied by bank market power, affecting the credit growth of 32 commercial banks in Vietnam from 2010 to 2020. The Random Effects Model and the Dynamic System Generalized Method of Moments were used to analyze an unbalanced panel of 278 annual observations. The findings report that foreign ownership reduces credit growth, with each percentage increase in foreign ownership reducing credit growth by 0.74%. The results indicate an inverse U-shaped relationship between competitive advantage and credit growth, with a turning point of 0.46. The main findings were found to be robust after employing an alternative market power proxy. The study recommends that bank managers and policymakers limit foreign ownership and control commercial banks’ market power to promote sustainable credit growth.

Abstract 12 Evaluating the Properties of the Donor to Determine the Quality of Cord Blood

Abstract Introduction Cord blood is a valuable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that offer advantages over other sources, but the volume and the absolute number of stem cells in cord blood are limited. Objectives The study aimed to analyze the influence of the factors relating to mothers, babies, and collection on the quality of cord blood units before cryopreservation in Vinmec Tissue Bank, Vietnam. This provides a thorough insight into available predictors that can inform the potential recipients. Methods This study, conducted at Vinmec Tissue Bank in Vietnam between January 2019 and December 2021, collected, processed, and analyzed 2,668 cord blood samples. The study evaluated the impact of donor and collection factors, including maternal age, delivery mode, gestational age, infant weight, gender, blood group, geography, season, collection volume, viability, TNC, and CD34+ cell components on cord blood characteristics. Results Results showed that maternal age, gestational age, delivery mode, and infant weight significantly affected TNC and CD34+ cells, while infant gender only has a significant impact on TNC. Additionally, the collection features such as cord blood volume, geography, the season of delivery, and waiting time associated with cord blood outcomes. Discussion In virtue of its superior matching probability, lower incidence of GVHD, and reduced recurrence rates, cord blood is considered a favorable option for HSC transplantation. However, the limited number of HSCs available from cord blood for bigger patients can be addressed through global cooperation. The possibility of using multiple cord blood units for hematologic cancers has been made feasible through inter-unit HLA matching 29,30. As global cooperation between cord blood banks expands, there is a growing opportunity to find matching samples for recipients. Our large-scale analysis of cord blood throughout Vietnam has highlighted the significance of baby weight and volume in determining cord blood quality. This report represents the first-ever study in Asia to investigate the impact of geography and demography on cord blood. Further evaluation is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of these factors, which would enable more appropriate counseling for patients. Figure 1. Elements that impact the quality of hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood.