Banking Organizations Research Articles

Government Policy and Practices to Support Malaysian Food Donors in Redistribution of Surplus Food. Are there sufficient?

Food waste has been described as a global problem with numerous root causes (Minor et al., 2019; Narvanen et al., 2020; Niina et al., 2022; Weber and Khademian, 2008). Food waste has reached alarming proportions, with approximately one-third of all food produced going to waste (FAO, 2014; Gustavsson et al., 2011). Food waste accounts for 20% of all food produced in the European Union(EU), costing 143 billion EUR annum (Stenmarck et al., 2016). A study was done by Future Directions International (FDI) in 2016 found that 25% of the globe's food waste happens in South and Southeast Asia. Food waste prevention at the source must be the main priority. Still, the EU's food waste hierarchy puts redistribution of surplus food for human consumption as the second-best option when food waste cannot be avoided (European Commission, 2020). Some Southeast Asia countries managed 64% of avoidable food waste by redistributing it to those in need (Tech Collective, 2019). Most food waste is managed via lower-priority methods, including composting, incineration, or landfill (European Comission, 2020; Eurostat, 2020; Obersteiner et al., 2021). Redistribution of surplus food or food donation to a marginalised community can be advantageous. Aside from the environmental, economic and social benefits, using the food for its intended purpose preserves its energy and nutrient content. Furthermore, surplus food redistribution is increasingly recognised to address food insecurity and food waste (Schneider, 2013). In Malaysia, the government is concerned with redistributing surplus food operated by a food bank or charity organisation via donations from the food retail industry (Hamik et al., 2021). Keywords: Redistribution, Surplus Food, Food Donor, Government Policy and Practices

Is Digital Financial Inclusion Valuable to Banks' Profitability and Long-Term Economic Development? Developing Asia Indications

he current study was an attempt to examine and ensure the existence of relationship between digital financial inclusion and banks economic stability and the importance of DFI for banking organizations of Asian countries. The current study incorporated data from six different countries and sixty-five banks primarily Islamic banks, as Islamic banking system has proved itself reliable in the times of DFC of 2007-09 and their contribution to improve and stable the global economy during and after the financial crises of 2007-09 and Covid-19.

Study of personnel satisfaction level in the period of mergers on the example of banks

One of the acute problems of companies today is the issue of studying the improvement of produc- tive capacity, efficiency, and work motivation in conditions of varying degrees of complexity in the team. In this article the authors consider the process of psychological «adjustment» to the new adaptive conditions of another organization of employees, which by circumstances had to unite. The authors’ study of the level of satisfaction in connection with the reorganization and changes in the organization’s policies in the new economic conditions and current trends and its connection with the performance of the “new” incoming part-time employees gave the authors very interesting results. The authors suggest that, in the future can help companies and organizations and their employees to rise to a new level and be productive in the labor market and business. The purpose of the study was to examine and influence the self-perception of job satisfaction among bank employees in a state of continuous work process without interruption from the organizational moments. In this article the authors carried out diagnostic research (degree of satisfaction of the personnel with the working conditions and social-psychological climate), namely, components, including determination of level of satisfaction of the personnel of the contact centers of Bank A and Bank B, the comparative table of the existing at that time organizational conditions was presented and the principles of increasing of level of personnel satisfaction were deter- mined taking into account available material and human resources. The result of this study was a program to optimize working conditions and socio-psychological cli- mate of the bank staff. The value of the study lies in the uniqueness of using the situation of the merger of two banking organizations to measure the level of employee satisfaction and find ways to improve it. Including in the planning process integration and training of incoming employees, specialists can build an optimal model of a comfortable merger of employees in the new conditions of the company with its built corporate culture of professional activity, thereby reducing the level of staff turnover and without disturbing the balance, increase the psychological climate in the team. The novelty of the study was a small number of empirical experiments to study the level of staff satisfaction in Kazakhstani banks during the period of their merger. Key words: adaptation conditions, bank personnel, merger, psychological climate, satisfaction.

Impact of Sustainable Human Resource Management on Employee Sustainable Performance

Organizational sustainable performance is measured through the aggregate sustainable performances of its workforce. Hence, employee sustainability performance is the central to achieve organizational sustainability performance. Again, employee outcomes are to a greater extent influenced by human resource management (HRM) practices of organizations. Based on such prominent role of HRM, the current study examines the relationship between two dimensional sustainable HRM practices (competency development and employee relation) and three-dimensional employee sustainable performance (environmental, economic, and social) focusing on the perceptions of managers of private banking organizations of Bangladesh following the notion of the social exchange theory. The current research employs purposive judgmental sampling and gets responses from a sample size of 150. Questionnaire survey is used to collect data that are analyzed using partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that sustainable HRM practices have significant impact on all three dimensions (economic, social and environmental performance) of sustainable performances. Therefore, this study recommends the organizations to use sustainable-focused HRM practices to achieve sustainable targets through enhancing employee sustainable performances. It is further recommended that future researcher can incorporate mediating and moderating variables to explain how sustainable HRM influences sustainable performances of employees.

Measuring Concentration and Efficiency in Bosnia and Herzegovina Banking Sector using Dynamic Panel Model

Abstract This paper seeks to examine the determinants of the profitability of the B&H banking sector, using an empirical framework that incorporates the traditional SCP - structure conduct-performance and ESX efficiency hypothesis. The main goal of this paper is to measure the level of concentration and investigate how concentration and other determinants influence the profitability of the banking sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the period from 2008 to 2017. We also tried to determine whether the profitability of the banking sector is more contributed by concentration, i.e. enlargement of the banking market (SCP) rather than increased efficiency of banking organization (ESX). For this purpose, we use a sample of 26 banks from B&H, and our empirical research is based on panel data analysis. The performance of the banking sector is measured by the conventional return on assets (ROA). Besides concentration as a main industry-specific factor, profitability determinants include bank-specific and macroeconomic profitability factors. Obtained results reveal that concentration has positive impacts on B&H banking profitability. But when we talk about competing concentration hypotheses, the paper results here generally support the ESX efficiency hypothesis rather than the traditional SCP approach. It was confirmed that credit risk, deposit risk and cost to income ratio from bank-specific variables, and GDP growth rate from macroeconomic variables have a statistically significant influence on banking performance.

Bank Loan Approval Prediction Using Data Science Technique (ML)

Abstract: Banks are making major part of profits through loans. Loan approval is a very important process for banking organizations. It is very difficult to predict the possibility of payment of loan by the customers because there is an increasing rate of loan defaults and the banking authorities are finding it more difficult to correctly access loan requests and tackle the risks of people defaulting on loans. In the recent years, many researchers have worked on prediction of loan approval systems. Machine learning technique is very useful in predicting outcomes for large amount of data. In this paper, four algorithms are used such as Random Forest algorithm, Decision Tree algorithm, Naive Bayes algorithm, Logistic Regression algorithm to predict the loan approval of customers. All the four algorithms are going to be used on the same dataset and going to find the algorithm with maximum accuracy to deploy the model. Henceforth, we develop bank loan prediction system using machine learning techniques, so that the system automatically selects the eligible candidates to approve the loan. Keywords: Loan approval, Loan Default, Random Forest algorithm, Decision Tree algorithm, Naive Bayes algorithm, Logistic Regression algorithm, Loan prediction, Machine learning.

Do Industry-Wise Investment Returns Influence the Aggregate Investment Returns of CPSEs in India?

The term “investment return” may be defined as a gauge used to calculate the efficiency or profitability of an investment. It also helps to assess the effectiveness of different investments at a certain point in time. In this context, the focal objective of the study is to examine whether industry-wise investment returns influence aggregate investment returns of Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) in India during the period 2010-2011 to 2019-2020. The study concerns all the in-service CPSEs in India, aside from public enterprises that run departmentally, indemnity companies, and banking organizations. Moreover, the selected sample is classified into 20 different industries, including 13 industries within the manufacturing sector and 7 industries within the service sector. The findings of the study reveal that few industries positively drive the performance of CPSEs’ aggregate investment returns. Hence, the performance of aggregate CPSEs in terms of investment returns is mainly driven by the performance of COI, OMMI, SI, TVEI, ICGI, PGI, CCTCSI, and FSI. In terms of overall profitability (i.e., ROCE), PGI has the highest positive influence (0.85), while ICGI has the lowest positive influence (0.04) on the overall profitability of the aggregate CPSEs – values which are found to be significant at the 5% level.

The first attempt to uniform accounting in the USA: Individual and consolidated financial statements

Subject. This article examines the first attempts to unify accounting in the United States and analyzes the information needs of users of accounting information, which led to the emergence of consolidated financial statements. Objectives. The article aims to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of unification of US accounting in the context of individual and consolidated financial statements, as well as identify the theoretical and methodological foundations of consolidated financial statements as an independent type of financial reporting. Methods. For the study, I used combinations of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and historical and logical research methods. Results. The article shows that the unification of accounting in the United States took place through the adoption of uniform rules, not through the recognition of generally accepted accounting principles. The first unified accounting rules were focused on meeting the information needs of banks and banking organizations as the main source of investment of commercial companies. Despite the existence of theoretical developments in the field of consolidated financial statements and the preparation of the first consolidated balance sheets in practice, preference was given to individual financial statements, which was due to the need to assess the creditworthiness of a potential borrower applying for bank financing. Relevance. The results obtained can be used in the development of the theory and methodology of consolidated accounting as an independent type of accounting of a group of companies.

Yes bank: a case of quick turnaround

Learning outcomes The learning outcomes of this paper is as follows: to understand and analyze the turnaround model of Pearce and Robbins (1993); to familiarize with parameters and actions in the Prompt Corrective Action (PCA) framework of Reserve Bank of India (RBI); to comprehend the probable situation warranting turnaround; to identify the key ratios which signal the financial health of a bank; and to understand the applicability of the turnaround model in bank’s revival. Case overview/synopsis The case explores various challenges faced by Mr Prashant Kumar during the turnaround process of Yes bank. The youngest bank started its operation in 2004, and in the first six years of operations, Yes bank registered a compound annual growth rate of 100% on the balance sheet, becoming the fourth-largest private sector bank in the country. However, the irony is that this shine and glitter was a short-lived phenomenon and after the regulatory inspection of 2016, Yes bank collapsed like a house of cards. This case has incorporated the three major phases of Yes bank i.e. the rise, the fall and the revival. The turnaround process led by Mr Kumar was explained using the turnaround model given by Pearce and Robbins (1993) and the PCA framework of the RBI. The conditions which warranted the need for the turnaround in Yes bank and the factors responsible for the same are discussed. The multiple challenges faced by Mr Kumar and the strategic responses adopted by him were incorporated in great detail. What were the outcomes of those strategic choices? Should he continue with similar approaches? Was he successful in stabilizing the bank which was broken from the core? What next if stability is achieved? How Mr Kumar should lift Yes bank to the recovery zone? And most importantly, will Mr Kumar be able to change the poor public image of Yes bank? The reflections of all the above questions are narrated with the actions of Mr Kumar. Complexity academic level The case is intended to be taught in the class of strategic management for postgraduate-, master- or executive-level participants of business administration. As the case is focused on a banking organization, it also can be taught in banking class. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.

Empowering leadership and organizational culture

For any organization to thrive and sustain in the competitive global market, its employees are their competitive advantage; in order to have a profitable business, employees must accept and follow the organizational mission and vision. A congruence between employees’ values and organizational culture is highly essential for both, organizational outcomes as well as employee wellbeing. Therefore, leaders’ empowering behaviors and the organization’s culture have a huge role to play in the employees’ flourishing experiences. The present research was undertaken in order to elicit how leaders’ empowering behaviors in association with organizational culture influence the flourishing at the workplace of employees. Based on responses gathered from 304 employees working in banking organizations in Delhi and Gurgaon, India, it was found that indeed leaders’ empowering behaviors, as well as the organizational culture, have a relation with flourishing experiences of employees. Leader behaviors of providing autonomy and control are critical in determining how well employees are able to experience positive emotion in the workplace.

Talent management and organizational performance: applying the amo theory

The purpose of this study is to advance an understanding of the nature and scope of talent management practice in the unique context of the developing economy of Pakistan, and to identify the relationship between talent management and organizational performance applying the AMO theory. This research was exploratory in nature and adopted a case study methodology within three leading Pakistani banks, in Karachi (Sindh). A total of twenty two in-depth interviews were carried out with senior HR and talent managers. All interviews were fully transcribed and analysed thematically. Evaluating interview data from three leading commercial banks, findings show substantial differences in the talent conceptualisation when compared to Western management orthodoxy. The empirical findings revealed that the conceptualisation of talent within the Pakistani banking organisations reflected a specific, path dependent historical, political and social legacy which viewed talent through a conceptual lens of qualifications and experience and had a significant influence on the sourcing and deploying talent. For managers, it should be to review the process of conceptualising talent and talent management within their organisation, to challenge any preconceived assumptions about the nature of talent and to consider alternative approaches to an exclusive approach in order that the right talent can be identified, developed and deployed for competitive advantage.

Investigating Human Resource Practices and its Impact on Employee Performance in Selected Banks in the Philippines

This paper investigates the impact of human resource practices (HR) on employee performance in selected banks in the Philippines. Survey questionnaires were deployed among employees from selected banks in the Philippines to assess the implementation of HR practices such as recruitment and selection, training and development, employee relations, and compensation and benefits in their respective organization. The survey questionnaire also aids in determining the bank employees’ evaluation of their accomplishment in terms of extent, timeliness, and quality. Data were analyzed and interpreted using mean, frequency, percentage, multiple linear regression, and correlation. Results showed that implementation of HR practices helped bank employees meet the accomplishment expected from them with regard to extent, timeliness, and quality. Meanwhile, among the four HR practices, training and development and compensation and benefits have significant impact on employee performance. Included in the identified improvement strategy, is for the bank organization to realign their HR practices to adapt during uncertain times, for instance, this pandemic. Realignment should focus on shift to online/ virtual conduct of recruitment and selection to ensure maintenance of adequate workforce; provision for online courses, trainings, and seminars for employees’ continuous learning development; having programs/ activities in place to be able for the employees to be reconnected with their colleagues and the organization; and possible early release of compensation to keep the employees financially able.

Measuring Internet banking service quality: an empirical evidence

PurposeThis study aims to empirically develop a reliable and valid instrument measuring the online service quality in the context of the banking sector in India.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological framework of this research comprises developing an instrument that is based on previous literature, qualitative and quantitative procedure. The study used the survey method and collected data via a well-structured questionnaire from a sample of active Internet banking users. The proposed instrument is identified by the data-reduction technique that is exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and validated through the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).FindingsThe results confirmed that the digital banking service quality scale (DBSQual) contains 24 items in seven dimensions: (1) web architecture, (2) user friendliness, (3) efficiency of website, (4) reliability, (5) responsiveness, (6) security and (7) personalization. The relationship between digital banking service quality and e-customer satisfaction has also been found to be significant in this study.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of this study do not find general application for different banks operating in the same sector in India. More testing of DBSQual is required across various different contexts for validity augmentation. In addition, findings would be more reliable if the non-Indian context could be taken into consideration. Thus, such limitations open a window for future research.Practical implicationsThis study is quite fruitful for the banking organizations in measuring their online services, and enables them to implement their marketing and operational strategies more effectively and efficiently.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study is the development and validation of a new instrument that is DBSQual that contains seven determinants of customers' e-service quality perception, emphasis on measuring online service quality in the Indian banking sector. These determinants will offer banks a promising starting idea for establishing an effective quality management for their online businesses. They will be able to increase the opportunities by tapping themselves at a competitive edge.

Bank Loan Approval Prediction System Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Bank Loan approval is a very important process for banking organizations. The system approved or reject the loan applications. Recovery of loan is a major contributing parameter in the financial statements of a bank. It is very difficult to predict the possibility of repayment of loan by the customer. In recent years many researchers worked on loan approval prediction systems. In the System Machine Learning (ML) techniques are very useful in predicting outcomes for large amount of data. In this paper two machine learning algorithms, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) are applied to predict the loan approval of customers.

Problems and prospects of the transformation of traditional banking into financial and banking ecosystems

Aim. The presented study aims to examine major problems in the transformation of the banking system into an ecosystem; to determine the prospects for the development of a new form of activity of banking organizations; to assess the probability of negative consequences following this transformation for businesses and consumers of new products and services.Tasks. The authors investigate the stages of banking ecosystem development and the sequence of transformation of traditional banking into a financial and banking system; analyze strategic concepts for building an ecosystem of major banks in the Russian Federation; explore the historical roots of the concepts of “business ecosystem”, “banking ecosystem” and the development of the stages of their operation; assess the advantages and determine the prospects for the development of banks in the ecosystem format.Methods. This study uses general and specific scientific methods and a formal-logical approach to analyze the existing banking system and to identify major directions for the transformation of banks into a financial and banking ecosystem.Results. Financial services are a traditional element of banking services, but banks are striving to provide non-financial services (such as goods and food delivery, taxi, transport, catering, medicine, media) and other services of a wide format. The attitude to such transformations is diverse: the conservative public fears that this model will gradually begin to dominate, eventually leading to market monopolization. Progressive consumers of banking services believe that the transformation of traditional banking into a new banking ecosystem is a call of the times, a direction that makes it possible to improve the quality of customer service, while also increasing the investment attractiveness of banks.Conclusions. The policy of transitioning from the traditional banking system to a financial and banking ecosystem developed and cultivated by major Russian banks is not regulated by laws and regulations, and there is no regulator to control the operation of the banking system in the new conditions. The banking system transformation is meant to facilitate the development of digitalization, introduction of innovations, strengthening of information security methods, and reduction of expenses of individuals and legal entities when receiving financial and nonfinancial services.

الجامعة المستنصرية / كلية الادارة والاقتصاد

This study focused on analyzing the impact of the characteristics of the pioneering behavior of senior management on the performance of the banking organization represented by (creativity, proactivity, investing opportunities, strategic vision, adopting risk) and clarifying the role of investing opportunities and adopting risk in banking performance, according to four indicators of banking performance (adequacy indicator Capital, profitability indicator, liquidity indicator, and activity indicator) in achieving entrepreneurship in banks. The SPSS statistician for the purpose of analysis, the research was chosen for a sample of Iraqi banks listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange for a period of time. (2015-2019)

Financial Fraud Detection by Analyzing online Transaction

–Financial fraud is commonlyrepresented by the use of illegal practices wherethey can intervene from senior managers until payroll employees, becoming a crime punishable by law. There are many techniques developed to analyze, detect and prevent this behavior, being the most important the fraud triangle theory associated with the classic financial audit model. In order to perform this research, a survey of the related works in the existing literature was carried out, with the purpose of establishing our own framework. In this context, this paper presents Financial FraudDetection Scheme, a conceptual framework that allows to identify and outline a group of people inside an banking organization who commit fraud, supported by the fraud triangle theory. Financial Fraud Detection Scheme works in the approach of continuous audit that will be incharge of collecting information of agents installed in user’s equipment. It is based on semantic techniques applied through the collection of phrases typed by the users under study for later being transferred to ar epository for later analysis. This proposal encourages to contribute with the field of cybersecurity, in the reduction of cases of financial fraud. Index Terms- financial fraud, Cyber security, NTRODUCTION Fraud is a worldwide phenomenon that affects public and private organizations, covering a wide variety of illegal practices and acts that involve intentional deception ormisrepresentation. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners(ACFE) [1] fraud includes any intentional or deliberate act of depriving another of property or money by cunning, deception or other unfairacts.

Foreign banks’ asset reallocation in response to the introduction of the intermediate holding company rule of 2016

We examine the effect of the 2016 intermediate holding company (IHC) rule on the asset allocation of foreign banking organizations (FBOs) in the United States. Given the costs to establish and maintain an IHC, FBOs may try to reduce the regulatory weight by reallocating assets from the U.S.-regulated IHC-subject activities towards less regulated U.S. branches and agencies (including those located abroad) or downsize the IHC's total assets. We use data on within-FBO transactions to show that the introduction of the IHC rule spurred FBOs to reallocate their assets from (“U.S.-regulated”) U.S. subsidiaries toward their (“less regulated”) U.S. branches and agencies.

Human Resource Management Competencies in Banking Organizations in Indonesia

Background and purpose: In its development, fintech has entered the 4.0 era where it has developed by facilitating the financial system and it is feared that it could become a threat to the world of conventional banking. Therefore, this study aims to develop competency strategies needed by banks in facing the disruption of the fintech 4.0 era. Design/Methodology/Approach: In this study the research approach used is a quantitative approach (post positivist). Data collection is carried out using research instruments, statistical or quantitative analysis, with the aim of testing predetermined hypotheses. Results: The results show that competency-based practice contributes positively to the bottom line, and that contributions to organizations are related to the roles of individuals not to their jobs. Additionally, efforts designed for employee commitment have the potential to generate positive returns, and that training and development are seen as drivers of future success. Conclusion: Even though banking has similar products with fintech companies, it has a different character where banks have a higher prudential principle. Competency is needed for bank employees in dealing with fintech 4.0, namely E-KYC, Payment Gateway, Big Data, Cloud Infrastructure, Artificial Intelligence and digital signatures besides that it also requires the ability to innovate, a willingness to learn and change, and be able to provide creative encouragement where they work

Becoming Modern and Inclusive: Getting Rid of Status and Tradition in an Ecuadorean Bank

This article discusses the way corporate cultures reproduce social structures in their internal organization, operating as microcosms of the larger society. Utilizing a qualitative ethnographic methodology, including participant-observation, in-depth interviews, and focus groups with around 400 associates of the largest private bank in Ecuador, this nationwide study provides both an analysis of the bank’s organizational culture and a collaborative interpretation of the institution’s perceptions concerning ethno-racial, gender, and disability inclusivity. The article offers abundant ethnographic data in conversation with the historical contexts of ethnic homogenization through the state project of mestizaje, which permeates even the internal structures of banking organizations. We discuss symbols of tradition, religion, and status that were key in shaping the bank’s identity in the past and that now weigh on the bank’s contemporary commitment to being a dynamic institution with responsible, inclusive, and diverse internal structures and workplace interactions. By addressing complex social issues around race, ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and disability, this study explores the role of corporations in society as they seek to confront their embeddedness in discriminatory social systems and act as conscious leaders in cultivating a more inclusive and diverse workforce.