Bank Resources Research Articles

Application of regression function model based on panel data in bank resource allocation financial risk management

Abstract Based on the traditional form of the endogenous growth model, and for it to increase the micro-foundation that includes the homogeneous and representative bank resource allocation, this paper constructs an endogenous economic growth model that includes the investment structure of the residential sector and financial deepening. Using China’s prefecture-level data proves that due to the inherent difference between the central planner’s single equilibrium solution and the family’s decentralised equilibrium solution, when the residential sector’s preference for real estate investment causes the investment structure to deviate from the optimal level of society, the increase in the proportion of real estate investment The allocation efficiency of financial resources has a significant inhibitory effect and drags down the realisation of long-term potential economic growth. In the absence of a central planner in a market economy, increasing leverage may not mean financial deepening, but may reduce financial efficiency (FEt) and accumulate systemic financial risks.

RCSB Protein Data Bank resources for structure-facilitated design of mRNA vaccines for existing and emerging viral pathogens

Structural biologists provide direct insights into the molecular bases of human health and disease. The open-access Protein Data Bank (PDB) stores and delivers three-dimensional (3D) biostructure data that facilitate discovery and development of therapeutic agents and diagnostic tools. We are in the midst of a revolution in vaccinology. Non-infectious mRNA vaccines have been proven during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This new technology underpins nimble discovery and clinical development platforms that use knowledge of 3D viral protein structures for societal benefit. The RCSB PDB supports vaccine designers through expert biocuration and rigorous validation of 3D structures; open-access dissemination of structure information; and search, visualization, and analysis tools for structure-guided design efforts. This resource article examines the structural biology underpinning the success of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines and enumerates some of the many protein structures in the PDB archive that could guide design of new countermeasures against existing and emerging viral pathogens.

Забезпечення ефективності пасивних операцій в банківських установах України

Abstract. Introduction. The goal of any Bank is making a profit, but to increase their own income, credit institutions not only provide all kinds of services to citizens and businesses, but also constantly conducting operations to raise funds, which otherwise is called passive. The accumulation of funds in Bank accounts is carried out by carrying out passive operations. They are designed to provide credit organizations of the resources necessary to Finance its activities and to be active on the market of banking services. Therefore, at the present time, banks still not enough to properly and efficiently manage their resources. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects and the current state of passive operations of JSC CB "PrivatBank", their dynamics and structure, as well as to suggest promising areas of their management. Results. This article derived its own definition of "banking resources" on the basis of the analyzed opinions of domestic scientists on this complex issue. Also analyze the composition, dynamics and structure of liabilities and equity on the example of JSC CB "PrivatBank". In the structure of liabilities the largest share belongs to customer deposits which occupy the main role in the formation of resources of JSC CB "PrivatBank" for carrying out of active operations. The equity capital for 2018-2019 is made possible thanks to the profitable operations of the Bank. The value of own resources of JSC CB "PrivatBank", first of all, is to maintain its sustainability. At the initial stage of establishment of the Bank has own funds that cover the main costs (land, buildings, equipment, salary), without which the Bank cannot start their activities. Thanks to its own resources, banks create the necessary reserves, and they are the main source of investment in long-term assets. Based on the coefficient of the analysis most of the parameters did not meet regulatory value, therefore, it is necessary to improve the management of passive operations of the Bank. Due to the raised from the public deposits and obtaining loans from other entities loan funds increase. They are used for active operations, and, primarily, of the credit. Therefore, the main goal of passive operations is to achieve optimal ratio between own and borrowed resources and borrowings at the lowest possible price, and eliminate the deficit of money in the banking institution. Conclusions. Due to the analysis ratio, the weaknesses and strengths of JSC CB "PrivatBank" are studied, which need constant review and help the management decisions in order to support the status, which is extremely important for our country.

Модель впливу соціально-економічних факторів на обсяг кредитного портфелю банку

Abstract. The article considers the essence of the concept of "deposit activity" from the point of view of representatives of the system approach. It is substantiated that the bank's deposit activity is carried out on the basis of a clearly formed deposit policy, the state of deposit activity of the banking system of Ukraine during 2016-2020 is analyzed. It is proved that banks in Ukraine attract resources from deposit sources at a high level, but for further development of deposit activities and increasing this source in the resource base, it is advisable to improve existing and implement new tools, methods and models. The concept of optimization of bank deposit activity in the changing economic environment is developed, which includes the purpose, tasks, principles of deposit activity of banks and means of their achievement, namely methods, interest rate policy, organizational and functional model of deposit activity. Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the concept of "deposit activity" from the point of view of representatives of the system approach and analysis of the state of deposit activity of the banking system of Ukraine during 2016-2020. Based on the analysis, it was possible to draw conclusions about the factors that influenced the state of deposit activity during the study period. The concept of optimization of the mechanism of deposit activity of banks in the conditions of the changing economic environment is developed. Purpose. The aim of the article is to develop conceptual approaches to the organization and optimization of the bank's deposit activities in a changing economic environment. Result. The article analyzes the current state of deposit activity of banks in terms of currencies and depositors. The conceptual approach to optimization of deposit activity of bank in the conditions of the changing economic environment is offered. It is proved that banks in Ukraine attract resources from deposit sources at a high level, but for further development of deposit activities and increasing this source in the resource base, it is advisable to improve existing and implement new tools, methods and models. Deposits are the main way of accumulating the bank's resources and the main component of the deposit policy, which in turn is the basis of effective and efficient deposit activity of the bank as a whole. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed to formulate certain conclusions that reflect the solution of the main tasks. Scientific results have been obtained at the theoretical and practical levels.

Оптимізація депозитної діяльності банківської установи в умовах мінливого економічного середовища

Abstract. Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the concept of "deposit activity" from the point of view of representatives of the system approach and analysis of the state of deposit activity of the banking system of Ukraine during 2016-2020. Based on the analysis, it was possible to draw conclusions about the factors that influenced the state of deposit activity during the study period. The concept of optimization of the mechanism of deposit activity of banks in the conditions of the changing economic environment is developed. Purpose. The aim of the article is to develop conceptual approaches to the organization and optimization of the bank's deposit activities in a changing economic environment. Results. The article analyzes the current state of deposit activity of banks in terms of currencies and depositors. The conceptual approach to optimization of deposit activity of bank in the conditions of the changing economic environment is offered. It is proved that banks in Ukraine attract resources from deposit sources at a high level, but for further development of deposit activities and increasing this source in the resource base, it is advisable to improve existing and implement new tools, methods and models. Deposits are the main way of accumulating the bank's resources and the main component of the deposit policy, which in turn is the basis of effective and efficient deposit activity of the bank as a whole. Conclusions. The conducted research allowed to formulate certain conclusions that reflect the solution of the main tasks. Scientific results have been obtained at the theoretical and practical levels.

Optimization Of Human Resources Management In Islamic Banking

So far, the rapid development of Islamic banking has not been supported by competent resources according to Islamic principles. The resources contained in Islamic banking so far have been a shift from conventional banking, resulting in the incompetence of these resources in Islamic banking. This study aims to analyze the optimization of human resource management in Islamic banking following Islamic principles. The method in this research is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. The analysis uses deductive and inductive techniques from various published literature. The results of the study show that human resources in Islamic banking are not yet optimal. The development and development of available resources must align with the position, training, and development of attitudes and managerial skills instilled with Islamic financial and ethical principles. Islamic banking must cooperate with universities in the coaching process to absorb potential resources with added value and have Islamic-based competencies.

Genetic resources of narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and their role in its domestication and breeding.

Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a cultivated multipurpose species with a very short history of domestication. It is used as a green manure, and for feed and food. This crop shows good prospects for use in pharmacology and as a source of f ish feeds in aquaculture. However, its genetic potential for the development of productive and adaptable cultivars is far from being realized. For crop species, the genetic base of the cultivated gene pool has repeatedly been shown as being much narrower than that of the wild gene pool. Therefore, eff icient utilization of a species’ genetic resources is important for the crop’s further improvement. Analyzing the information on the germplasm collections preserved in national gene banks can help perceive the worldwide diversity of L. angustifolius genetic resources and understand how they are studied and used. In this context, the data on the narrow-leaved lupine collection held by VIR are presented: its size and composition, the breeding status of accessions, methods of studying and disclosing intraspecif ic differentiation, the classif ications used, and the comparison of this information with available data on other collections. It appeared that VIR’s collection of narrow-leaved lupine, ranking as the world’s second largest, differed signif icantly from others by the prevalence of advanced cultivars and breeding material in it, while wild accessions prevailed in most collections. The importance of the wild gene pool for the narrow-leaved lupine breeding in Australia, the world leader in lupine production, is highlighted. The need to get an insight into the species’ ecogeographic diversity in order to develop cultivars adaptable to certain cultivation conditions is shown. The data on the testing of VIR’s collection for main crop characters valuable for breeders are presented. Special attention is paid to the study of accessions with limited branching as a promising gene pool for cultivation in relatively northern regions of Russia. They demonstrate lower but more stable productivity, and suitability for cultivation in planting patterns, which has a number of agronomic advantages. Analyzing the work with narrow-leaved lupine genetic resources in different national gene banks over the world helps shape the prospects of further activities with VIR’s collection as the only source of promising material for domestic breeding.

Utility of type and screen policy for pretransfusion compatibility testing at an urban level Ι apex trauma center

Objective: Type and crossmatch (TC) policy is the most common approach for pre-transfusion compatibility testing prior to issue of blood for transfusion. As it involves reserving of the blood units (usually up to 72 hours) prior to issue or un-reserving, it can lead to excessive blood cross matching, inventory management problems, undue workload, blood outdating and reagent wastage. Type and screen (TS) policy is an alternative approach without the need to cross match and reserve blood units prior to issue. The aim of the current study was to retrospectively assess the impact of the implementation of TS policy for pre-transfusion compatibility testing on blood transfusion services at an urban level Ι trauma center. Methods: The study was done in two phases in the Department of Transfusion Medicine at Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center AIIMS, New Delhi, India. Transfusion data was collected and compared during two phases: initial phase (Oct 2016-Mar 2017) of TC policy and second phase (Apr 2017-Sept 2017) of TS policy. Results: TS policy resulted in the reduction of C:T ratio from 5.3 to 1.9. Transfusion probability increased to 29.5% during TS policy from 23.6% during TC policy. Issuable stock index (ISI) also showed reduction from 12.5 to 11.4 after TS policy. Wastage as percentage of issue (WAPI) was reduced from 2.3% (TC) to 1.3% (TS). TS policy also led to reduction in expenses incurred on pre-transfusion compatibility testing by 35%. No hemolytic transfusion reaction was reported during the study. Conclusion: TS policy was found to be a safe and an efficient alternative approach to TC policy for pre-transfusion compatibility at our center. We recommend the implementation of TS policy, but each center should first assess its feasibility based on patient population, blood bank resources and staff knowledge.

Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes in Single-Plant Progenies Derived from Accessions of a Winter Barley Core Collection.

The main problems of crop gene banks comprise heterogeneity of accessions, resulting from mechanical admixtures or out-crossing during their multiplication, and especially the mislabeling of accessions. These discrepancies can adversely affect the results of many expensive research and breeding projects that are based on the use of gene bank resources. To tackle these problems, 860 single-plant progenies (SPPs) of 172 accessions of the Czech winter barley core collection were grown and tested with a set of 53 isolates representing the global virulence/avirulence diversity of powdery mildew. Seventy-one resistance phenotypes encompassed the diversity of known specific resistances and their combinations. Based on testing groups of five SPPs, 94 accessions had one phenotype found in all five SPPs (homogeneous accessions), whereas in 78 accessions (45.3%) more than one phenotype was identified (heterogeneous accessions). In three varieties, specific resistances against the whole set of isolates were detected, but due to high adaptability of the pathogen, they are not recommended for breeding resistant cultivars. Selected SPPs were integrated in the gene bank and are now a reliable source of genotypically pure seed with defined powdery mildew resistance genes that can be used by breeders and researchers. The results obtained can be used to verify authenticity of accession genotype and pedigree, particularly for older varieties for which no other original criteria are available.

An Integrative Network Science and Artificial Intelligence Drug Repurposing Approach for Muscle Atrophy in Spaceflight Microgravity.

Muscle atrophy is a side effect of several terrestrial diseases which also affects astronauts severely in space missions due to the reduced gravity in spaceflight. An integrative graph-theoretic network-based drug repurposing methodology quantifying the interplay of key gene regulations and protein–protein interactions in muscle atrophy conditions is presented. Transcriptomic datasets from mice in spaceflight from GeneLab have been extensively mined to extract the key genes that cause muscle atrophy in organ muscle tissues such as the thymus, liver, and spleen. Top muscle atrophy gene regulators are selected by Bayesian Markov blanket method and gene–disease knowledge graph is constructed using the scalable precision medicine knowledge engine. A deep graph neural network is trained for predicting links in the network. The top ranked diseases are identified and drugs are selected for repurposing using drug bank resource. A disease drug knowledge graph is constructed and the graph neural network is trained for predicting new drugs. The results are compared with machine learning methods such as random forest, and gradient boosting classifiers. Network measure based methods shows that preferential attachment has good performance for link prediction in both the gene–disease and disease–drug graphs. The receiver operating characteristic curves, and prediction accuracies for each method show that the random walk similarity measure and deep graph neural network outperforms the other methods. Several key target genes identified by the graph neural network are associated with diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neural disorders. The novel link prediction approach applied to the disease drug knowledge graph identifies the Monoclonal Antibodies drug therapy as suitable candidate for drug repurposing for spaceflight induced microgravity. There are a total of 21 drugs identified as possible candidates for treating muscle atrophy. Graph neural network is a promising deep learning architecture for link prediction from gene–disease, and disease–drug networks.

Designing and Analyzing the New Model of Project Finance by Bank Resource Allocation towards Achieving Sustainable Economic Development

Designing and Analyzing the New Model of Project Finance by Bank Resource Allocation towards Achieving Sustainable Economic Development

E-LEARNING IN THE BANKING SECTORCASE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL BANK OF GREECE

This research deals with the issue of distance education in the human resources of banks and specifically of the National Bank of Greece. The purpose of the research was to investigate how distance education affects the human resources of banks in developing their management skills. The research methodology followed was quantitative, while the research tool used was the online questionnaire. The survey sample consisted of 82 people working in the banking sector and their selection was made according to convenient sampling.The results showed that distance education works beneficially for the in-house training of employees in the banking sector. In particular, e-learning programs have been found to contribute to the development of knowledge, work productivity, the acquisition of new skills and the enrichment of existing skills held by employees in the banking sector. It was also clear that the impact of distance education on improving employees skills was multifaceted. Participants were positive about the experience they gained from distance learning programs and want to increase as they state that their benefits vary.The present research is one of the first attempts that aim to record the aspects of e-learning implementation in the banking sector.

Аналіз депозитних операцій банків: стан, проблеми та вдосконалення

Abstract. Introduction. The determining share of bank resources is formed in the process of implementation of deposit operations, the productivity of which depends on the stability, sufficiency and liquidity of banks. They need to systematically maintain proper customer service, use the latest deposit products and investment requirements to expand their customer base. That is why the assessment of the bank's deposit operations, identifying their problems and areas for improvement is very important. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the state of deposit operations of domestic banks, identify their problems and improve. Results. The article examines the essence of deposits, which is regulated by various regulations. The classification of deposits on various grounds is considered. The focus is on such types of deposits as: time deposits and demand deposits, their disadvantages and advantages are presented. The analysis of deposit operations in Ukraine is carried out. In particular, the following was assessed during 2010-2020: dynamics of residents 'deposits, dynamics of non-residents' deposits, residents 'deposits by maturity, residents' deposits by types of currencies, corporate and retail deposits, distribution of retail deposits by groups of banks and value of time deposits by data of statistical reporting of banks of Ukraine. It is indicated that in the development of deposits over the past ten years there are both quantitative and qualitative trends that reflect certain aspects of banks' deposit policy. Currently, there is a situation when the amount of deposits increases by sectors of the economy, in terms of types of currencies and maturities and the cost of their use decreases. The main problems of the deposit operations market of Ukraine as well as the directions of improving the efficiency of banks' deposit policy are identified. Conclusions. The study shows that currently there is a situation where the amount of deposits increases by sectors of the economy, in terms of types of currencies and maturities, and the cost of their use decreases. Summarizing the practice of banks and the views of scientists, identified the main problems of the deposit market of Ukraine. The directions of improvement of banks 'deposit policy are also covered, namely, introduction and expansion of innovative banking services, restoration of depositors' confidence in banks, modernization of deposit policy on the basis of modern inquiries, increase of interest in placing funds on deposit accounts.

THE RICO Act and THE MAGNITSKY Act - The Only Decision Against the Fight Against the Judges of the Mafia and the MAFIA IN THE COURT in Bulgaria , Supported by the European Commission - Claims to The EC and Bulgaria for 325 Billion Euros From US and other Companies

Lord prof PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev and Prof. Mariola Garibova-DObreva developed 2006 “Theory of degree of democracy” and “Theory of degree of justice / injustice /” based on their practice in court, prosecutor's office, state. Prof. Momchil Dobrev has been creating Theory of Corruption, "Theory of the Mafia," Theory of Mafia "," Financial Banking Resource Technological Mafia Materialism "since 2003"

The RICO Law and The MAGNITSKY Law - the solution for fighting corruption and the mafia in European Commission and Bulgaria - on the example of the "real owner" of the state company BULGARIAN POSTS JSC and the theft and loss of an American company for $ 250 billion

Lord prof PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev and Prof. Mariola Garibova-DObreva developed 2006 “Theory of degree of democracy” and “Theory of degree of justice / injustice /” based on their practice in court, prosecutor's office, state. Prof. Momchil Dobrev has been creating Theory of Corruption, "Theory of the Mafia," Theory of Mafia "," Financial Banking Resource Technological Mafia Materialism "since 2003"

The MAGNITSKY Law and the RICO Law - The Solution and the Answer against the Order of the Mafia Made by Judge VESSELA EVSTATIEVA and Through the Prosecutors Yaneva, Dimitrova, Stankova, Petrov in Order to Steal Private Property Worth Billions of USD and Caused Losses for US Companies for 8 Billion USD

Lord prof PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev and Prof. Mariola Garibova-DObreva developed 2006 “Theory of degree of democracy” and “Theory of degree of justice / injustice /” based on their practice in court, prosecutor's office, state. Prof. Momchil Dobrev has been creating Theory of Corruption, "Theory of the Mafia," Theory of Mafia "," Financial Banking Resource Technological Mafia Materialism "since 2003"

From gene banks to farmer’s fields: using genomic selection to identify donors for a breeding program in rice to close the yield gap on smallholder farms

Key messageDespite phenotyping the training set under unfavorable conditions on smallholder farms in Madagascar, we were able to successfully apply genomic prediction to select donors among gene bank accessions.Poor soil fertility and low fertilizer application rates are main reasons for the large yield gap observed for rice produced in sub-Saharan Africa. Traditional varieties that are preserved in gene banks were shown to possess traits and alleles that would improve the performance of modern variety under such low-input conditions. How to accelerate the utilization of gene bank resources in crop improvement is an unresolved question and here our objective was to test whether genomic prediction could aid in the selection of promising donors. A subset of the 3,024 sequenced accessions from the IRRI rice gene bank was phenotyped for yield and agronomic traits for two years in unfertilized farmers’ fields in Madagascar, and based on these data, a genomic prediction model was developed. This model was applied to predict the performance of the entire set of 3024 accessions, and the top predicted performers were sent to Madagascar for confirmatory trials. The prediction accuracies ranged from 0.10 to 0.30 for grain yield, from 0.25 to 0.63 for straw biomass, to 0.71 for heading date. Two accessions have subsequently been utilized as donors in rice breeding programs in Madagascar. Despite having conducted phenotypic evaluations under challenging conditions on smallholder farms, our results are encouraging as the prediction accuracy realized in on-farm experiments was in the range of accuracies achieved in on-station studies. Thus, we could provide clear empirical evidence on the value of genomic selection in identifying suitable genetic resources for crop improvement, if genotypic data are available.

Blood donors appointment booking and managing system using PC and mobile web browsers in current pandemic (COVID-19)

<span>Blood donation is the main source of blood resources in the blood banks which is required in the hospitals for everyday operations and blood compensation for the patients. In special cases, the patients require fresh blood for compensation such as in the case of major operations and similar situations. Moreover, plasma transfusions are vital in the current pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this paper, we have proposed a donation system that manages the appointments between the donors and the patient in the case of fresh blood donation is required. The website is designed using the Bootstrap technology to provide suitable access using the PC or the smart phones web browser. The website contains large database including information about the donors and their blood group, available time, and other personal information to facilitate the donation process. This system is designed with unlimited abilities to be used by any hospital, blood bank, or individuals to manage the donation process with no constrains.</span>

Opportunities For Effective Use Of Digital Banking Services In The Effective Management Of Financial Resources Of Commercial Banks In A Pandemic

This article discusses the introduction of new banking services in the management of financial resources of commercial banks, the effective use of digital bookkeeping services, the rational management of bank resources in a pandemic and modern services. Also, in this article discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic is impacting the digital transformation, how many business owners and organizations are trying to further enhance digital technologies during the pandemic, not only in business, but also on their national government portals. Further intensification of transformations was highlighted and analyzed with statistical data. In addition, the pandemic affects many sectors of the economy, especially the growing demand for online banking services in the banking system and various transactions from mobile applications of banks, the fact that commercial banks offer customers a variety of digital banking services are shown on the basis of data.

ДЕПОЗИТНА ПОЛІТИКА БАНКІВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-2019

Анотація. Пандемія COVID-2019 стала неочікуваним викликом для економік багатьох країн. Для уникнення швидкого розповсюдження хвороби уряди більшості країн вводили карантин, вимушено закривали кордони, установлювали обмеження на пересування населення тощо. Очевидно, що це провокувало нестабільність на фінансових ринках, різкі коливання курсів національних валют і погіршувало економічні очікування населення. Проведено дослідження депозитної політики банків України в умовах економічної нестабільності, що була спровокована пандемією COVID-2019. На основі статистичних даних проаналізовано структуру депозитних вкладень юридичних і фізичних осіб, динаміку процентних ставок, регіональний розподіл депозитів, а також визначено банків-лідерів із залучення грошових коштів. Отримано неочікувані висновки щодо незначного впливу пандемії на ринок депозитів. Попри всі негативні прогнози, в Україні не спостерігалося значного відпливу депозитів, радше навпаки — банки змогли наростити обсяги залучених коштів від фізичних і юридичних осіб. Проте негативні очікування населення відбилися на структурі депозитних ресурсів, зокрема в аналізований період значно зросла частка коштів на вимогу і короткострокових депозитів. На основі аналізу думок експертів, а також прогнозу основних економічних показників, що мають вплив на ринок депозитів, було розроблено й обґрунтовано три сценарії подальшого розвитку економіки України та банківського сектору — оптимістичний, критичний і реалістичний. На думку авторів, найбільш обґрунтованим у цих умовах може стати реалістичний сценарій, який передбачатиме позитивну динаміку у зростанні базових економічних показників, що впливатиме на зростання обсягів депозитних ресурсів у банках, водночас ураховуватиме потенційні ризики неекономічного характеру, що можуть дестабілізувати ситуацію. Отримані висновки можуть бути застосовані при розробленні стратегій розвитку як окремих банків, так і банківської системи загалом. Ключові слова: депозити, депозитна політика банків, пандемія, фінансові ресурси, банки, фінансові ризики. Формул: 0; рис.: 4; табл.: 4; бібл.: 13.