Balinese Cattle Research Articles

VARIASI PAKAN DALAM MENDUKUNG PRODUKTIVITAS SAPI ACEH DAN SAPI BALI DI INDONESIA

The survival of Acehnese and Balinese cattle is affected by feed that contains nutrients to support the growth and productivity of livestock. Feed quality, quantity and continuity are problems that affect the productivity of local cattle in Indonesia. The most commonly used forages in feeding Aceh and Bali cattle are elephant grass dan field grass, while the most commonly used concentrates are palm fronds and corn. A combination of 80% forage and 20% concentrate tends to be better for increasing daily weight gain of Aceh and Bali cattle.

Pengaruh Level Imbuhan Khamir (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) dalam Pakan Pellet Terhadap Profil Darah Sapi Bali Penggemukan yang Mengonsumsi Pakan Basal Lamtoro

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of yeast level affixes (Saccharomyces cerevisia) on the blood profile of fattening Bali cows. The cattle used were 12 Balinese cattle in the age range of 2-2.5 years, with a body weight of 156.65 - 218.85kg (x̄ 180.244 kg and KV 12%). This study used a Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 3 repeats. The treatment in this study R0: Lamtoro + Pellet Feed Supplementation 1% BB, R1 : Lamtoro + Pellet Feed Supplementation 1% BB + yeast affix 1g, R2: Lamtoro + Pellet Feed Supplementation 1% BB + Yeast affix 2g, R3: Lamtoro + Pellet Feed Supplementation 1% BB + yeast affix 3g. The data obtained were analyzed using fingerprint analysis (Anova) showing an intangible effect treatment (P>0.05) on the blood profile of fattening Bali cattle. From the results of the discussion, it was concluded that fattening Bali cattle that consumed S. cerevisiae yeasts up to 3g in pelleted feed with lamtoro basal feed showed Hematocrit, Erythrocyte and Leukocyte values were within the normal range.

OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF ANIMAL WELFARE IN BALI CATTLE FARMS IN THE HIGHLANDS AND LOWLANDS IN GIANYAR REGENCY OF BALI

Increased demand for beef requires optimisation of animal husbandry, which in turn leads to improved management of livestock production. This situation must be balanced with the application of animal welfare principles, where a prosperous livestock situation will support optimal production. Geographical differences are one of the factors that determine the knowledge of farmers and the implementation of animal husbandry management. This study aims to determine the description of the application of animal welfare in Balinese cattle farms in the highlands located in Puhu Village and and lowlands located in Pering Village, Gianyar Regency. An observational design was conducted, data collection was done by directly interviewing Balinese cattle owners with the guidance of a set of questionnaires. Data were tabulated and then analysed qualitatively and presented in tabular form. To differentiate the application of animal welfare in the two research locations, the Mann Whitney test was conducted. The application of animal welfare on Bali cattle farms in the highlands, was in the category of less than 5%, sufficient 50%, and good 45.0%; while in the lowlands, it was in the sufficient category with a percentage of 45.5%, and the good category 54.5%. No significant differences were found in the animal welfare principles in the two sample villages. Farmers are expected to further improve their knowledge and application of animal welfare principles to increase livestock productivity.

GROWTH RATE OF BODY LENGTH AND HEIGHT OF MALE BALI CATTLE DURING FATTENING

Each organ, tissue, or body part of balinese cattle in each phase has a different speed or growth rate. The growth rate of the animal's body can be known based on the growth pattern of each body size. This study aims to determine the growth rate of male balinese cattle during fattening. The research sample used was 20 male balinese cattle from Abdi Pertiwi Livestock Farmer Group, Gerokgak, Buleleng, Bali. This study used purposive sampling method and data collection was done with saturated sampling technique. Measurements were taken once a month with three measurements as replicates for three months. The data obtained were analyzed by power regression with the equation model used is Y = aXb. The results of the power regression analysis showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in each growth rate of body length and height of male balinese cattle. The highest growth rate or has the greatest growth potential is head length, followed by neck length, body length, hip height, and shoulder height. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there are significant differences in the growth rate of body length and height of male balinese cattle during fattening. Further research needs to be conducted on the growth rate of body length and height of male balinese cattle until the time the cattle are slaughtered, so that it can be known with the help of a researcher.

Smart Agribusiness through Analysis of Balinese Cattle Fattening Using Alternative Feed in Palembang, Indonesia

The development of cattle fattening is one of the efforts to fulfill the increasing demand for meat, in line with the growth of the human population. In addition, cattle fattening also provides significant economic opportunities for farmers and business actors in the livestock sector. One important aspect in this regard is feed management, which can have a major effect on the growth and health of livestock. Therefore, this study aimed to (a) analyze the initial weight of cattle, length of fattening time, daily weight gain, and (b) assess the feed cost, selling price, as well as income before and after fattening. A descriptive qualitative method was used to explain the feasibility of cattle fattening business grouped based on four feeding patterns namely (a) grass, (b) grass and tofu pulp, (c) grass, tofu pulp, and sweet potato skin, as well as (d) grass, tofu pulp, sweet potato skin and molasses in Palembang, Indonesia. Furthermore, purposive sampling was used with 100 cattle as the population, divided into four different diet groups. Data analysis was conducted using mean differences to evaluate the impact of the four feed alternatives on the measured variables. The results showed that there were significant differences in income, with molasses generating the highest income per kilogram (kg) of beef. In the feasibility analysis, molasses showed good feasibility with an R/C Ratio of 1.56, implying that cattle fattening business by applying molasses feed alternative could be considered as a viable investment. The results provided practical insights for cattle fatteners, assisting in decision-makingregarding optimal feed patterns to increase income and business viability.

Smart Agribusiness through Analysis of Balinese Cattle Fattening Using Alternative Feed in Palembang, Indonesia

Smart Agribusiness through Analysis of Balinese Cattle Fattening Using Alternative Feed in Palembang, Indonesia

Potensi Reproduksi Induk Ternak Sapi Bali pada Sistem Peternakan Rakyat di Kecamatan Taniwel Timur Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat

The reproductive performance of female Bali cattle is one of the important factors that needs to be known in supporting the efficiency of beef cattle breeding programs so that mothers can produce calves every year. This research aims to determine the characteristics of the reproductive potential of Bali cattle in the community farming system in East Taniwel District, West Seram Regency. The research location was determined purposively, selecting 6 sample villages from 15 villages in East Taniwel District, West Seram Regency based on the criteria of having the largest number of Balinese cattle. These villages are Sohuwe Village, Maloang Village, Matapa Village, Lumalatal Village, Sekasale Village and Hatunuru Village. The research was conducted for 1 month from August to September 2023. Respondents were determined using a purposive sampling method based on the presence of the highest number of cattle population per sample village and the highest level of Balinese cattle ownership with the criteria of having kept cattle for at least 3 years, had given birth and had carried out marketing. Farmer respondents were taken 10 respondents per sample village, so that 60 respondents were obtained. Data on the general condition of the research location, respondent characteristics, business characteristics, population structure and reproductive potential were analyzed using simple statistical calculations and studied descriptively. The research results show that the structure of the livestock population is dominated by the presence of female livestock at adult age, heifers and calves. The reproductive potential obtained is the age at first mating 18.16 ± 1.40 months; pregnancy rate 84.96%; and a birth rate of 99.43% with pre-weaning child mortality of 8.4%.

Reproduction Performance as a Basis for Selecting Female Balinese Cattle in Traditional Breeding in East Halmahera Regency

Reproduction Performance as a Basis for Selecting Female Balinese Cattle in Traditional Breeding in East Halmahera Regency

Analisis Daya Dukung Wilayah untuk Pengembangan Sapi Bali di Kecamatan Baito Kabupaten Konawe Selatan

Analysis of the carrying capacity of the region is needed as an appropriate development direction. This study aims to analyze the carrying capacity of the area for the development of Bali cattle in Baito District, South Konawe Regency. The data used in the study are primary. Primary is obtained directly from interviews with Balinese cattle farmers in Baito District. The method used is the census method of all breeders. The data analysis used in this study was livestock density analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that economic density can still be developed, the density of agricultural businesses is possible to accommodate Balinese cattle to be developed, and the density of the area is still very likely. Baito sub-district is based on a combination of livestock density, which includes distribution and development areas in a combination of farmer-region and development areas in 2 combinations, namely economy-farming and economy-region.

PPPUD on Zero Waste Balinese Cattle Raising in Tunas jati Farmer Group, Getasan Village, Petang District, Badung

The Regional Superior Product Development Program activities will be carried out at the Tunas Jati Livestock Farmer Group located in Banjar Kauh Getasan Village, Petang District, Badung Regency. This livestock farmer group is engaged in the business of raising Balinese cattle and has been in existence since 2018. The number of livestock owned in this group is 30 heads, with a total of 8 members. In Bali cattle farming, feed will always play an important role in producing good livestock productivity. The problem partners face is their lack of knowledge about quality feed and their lack of ownership of superior greenery that can encourage better livestock productivity. The solutions provided to partners are 1) the introduction or planting of superior forage fodder, 2) Making various applications of technology that can improve and preserve forage feed, and 3) Processing livestock waste into high-value products. The output target to be achieved is TTG Technology for processing and preserving forage feed.

Building a New Breath: Empowering Local Cattle Breeders Through CV Enhal Farm, Dusun Simbolo, Tompobulu Village, Tompobulu District, Maros Regency

Community empowerment is a series of actions that are systematic and involve various components of formal and non-formal organizations. The program is being carried out in the Kuncio hamlet, Tompobulu District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi in an effort to improve the welfare of local Balinese cattle breeders as a form of true empowerment that has been carried out so far, such as coaching and training in caring for Balinese cattle through CV Enhal Farm. The purpose of this study was to find out an overview of the implementation of thewichom community empowerment program in the field of local bali cattle parenting social economy. This study uses qualitative research methods using descriptive research types, to describe research and research results. Data collection techniques in this study using observation techniques, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the empowerment program for local Balinese cattle breeders changed people's lives in the economic, knowledge and spiritual fields.

Evaluation Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation of local Indonesian cattle frozen sperm using Halomax method

Abstract. Prabowo TA, Bintara S, Yusiati LM, Sitaresmi PI, Widayati. 2023. Evaluation Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation of local Indonesian cattle frozen sperm using Halomax method. Biodiversitas 24: 2225-2230. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecular chain containing genetic material that determines the quality of each individual produced. DNA damage in cattle can affect fertility and miscarriage of embryos. There is no simple research on DNA damage in local Indonesian cattle (Bos indicus Linnaeus 1758); therefore, miscarriage and infertility cases in Indonesia are still high, one of which can be attributed to sperm DNA damage. This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage in the frozen semen of local Indonesian cattle and suggested SDF (Sperm DNA Fragmentation) inclusion screening as the main requirement for frozen semen. The materials used in this study were 54 straws of frozen semen from nine males from three different types of local cattle, including Bali, Madura, and Aceh. Each type consisted of three bulls, each with six replicates. Sperm-Bos-Halomax was used to examine sperm DNA damage. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Aceh cattle had the highest post average compared to Bali and Madura at 63.33±2.43%. Abnormality of Balinese cattle had the lowest average compared to Aceh and Madura at 8.83±1.04%. Evaluation of sperm DNA damage in local cattle using the Sperm-Bos-Halomax® method showed that the highest average DNA damage was 1.72±0.62% in Aceh, and the lowest was 1.67±0.66% in Madura cattle. The sperm DNA damage in Bali cattle was 1.67±0.70%. The sperm DNA quality in the frozen semen of the local cattle in this study was good, but it is still necessary to determine SDF as the main standard in frozen semen.

Karakteristik dan Kualitas Daging Sapi di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Kota Ternate

The present study aimed at analyzing the weight of beef cattle meat at different ages, the carcass and percentage of the carcass of beef cattle using the Schoorl prediction formula and scale measurement, as well as examining the quality of beef cattle meat from the slaughterhouse. The samples were taken from 16 beef cattle. The quality of the meat was observed on the parts of leg, breast, and chuck of the cattle that were stored at the temperature of -20°C. The observation on the quality of the meat was carried out to find out the Total Plate Count (TPC), Water-holding Capacity (WHC), cooking shrinkage, and the pH of the meat. The results showed that samples from the 16 beef cattle consist of Ongole grade cattle and Balinese cattle within the age range of 3 - 6 years old. The weight of the beef cattle predicted with the Schoorl formula ranged from 222,84 to 298,50 kg, whilst the weight on the scale measurement basis indicated a range between 134,83 and 195,60 kg. The statistical analyses showed a significant difference (P0.05) between the carcass percentage calculated from the Schoorl prediction formula and from the scale measurement with a deviation of 12,340%. Yet, the TPC values showed an insignificant difference among the 16 beef cattle. Further, the quality of meat parts had an interaction with the length of storing in association with the cooking shrinkage of the beef cattle meat.Keywords: beef cattle weight, carcass, cooking shrinkage

Bali Cow Dung Management in Ayunan Village, Abiansemal Sub-District of Badung

Ayunan Village, located in the Abiansemal district of Badung, Bali. This village is about 20 km to the north from Denpasar city, towards the village of Sangeh tourist attraction and ayun park. Balinese cattle are germ plasm that must be preserved, because Bali is one of the sources of Balinese cattle breeding and the only area believed to have pure genetic B ali cattle. The increase in income will encourage farmers to raise more cattle, Balinese cattle rearing pattern is still traditional and only as a sideline in between farming time. The process of managing the maintenance of cows in partners has been good although it is still very simple. Direct observations in the Karang Ayu livestock group in Ayunan village, Abiansemal District, illustrated that Bali cattle rearing activities are very constrained by capital, feed, cow rearing management, manure channels and how to increase farmers' income from cow dung processing businesses. The main problems that will be the focus of solving the problem are the low productivity in processing manure into organic fertilizer and the low business efficiency and business sustainability of organic fertilizer products from manure. The methods used are: Presentation and plot as well as direct practice of making manure from cow dung using EM4 candy and fermented for 4 weeks. The results of this activity are expected to increase production and productivity and produce organic fertilizer from cow dung that can be sold so as to increase the income of Balinese cattle farmers in Ayunan Village.

The willingness of beef cattle farmers to adopt vaccination from the animal health service unit in Bone regency, South Sulawesi province

Vaccination is one way to prevent disease transmission in livestock. This study was conducted to know the willingness of Balinese cattle farmers to adopt vaccinations from the animal health service unit. The research location was conducted in the Bone district in 2021. The number of samples was 115 farmers who were taken randomly. The primary data came in the form of characteristics of beef cattle farmers and their farms, such as gender, age, education, experience in raising livestock, family size, herd size, contact with veterinarians, and contact with extension workers. The dependent variable was the willingness to adopt vaccination which was measured by dichotomous variables: Yes, if farmers were willing to have their cattle vaccinated, and no, if farmers were not willing to have their cattle vaccinated. The data were processed using SPSS version 23 using the Logit regression model. The results showed that 47.2% of the independent variables affected the dependent variable. The remaining 52.8% was influenced by other factors outside the model. Simultaneously, the dependent variable was affected by the independent variables (P<0.05). Partially, farmers’ age, education, and family size had a significant effect (P<0.05) on whether farmers adopted vaccination from the animal husbandry service unit.

Perencanaan Lanskap Agroedutourism di UPT. Sentra Ternak Sobangan, Kecamatan Mengwi, Kabupaten Badung

Agroedutourism Landscape Planning at Sobangan Livestock Center Technical Implementation Unit, Mengwi, Badung. Bali is one of the islands in Indonesia which has natural potential that can be developed as an attraction for tourism. One of them is agroedutourism. Sobangan Livestock Center Technical Implementation Unit is the center of Balinese cattle breeding and education which is managed by the Department of Agriculture and Food of Badung Regency, which has potential land as a tourist attraction. The purpose of this research is to plan a landscape that can support the breeding process of Balinese cattle, education, and can be used as an agroedutourism.This study used a survey method with data collection techniques through observation and literature study . Literature study is applied to obtain the formulation of the concept of agroedutourism. Meanwhile the field survey was applied to determine constraints and potentials to support Landscape planning Sobangan Livestock Center. The results of this research are in the formsite plan of a farm environmental arrangementthat can support the activities of breeding, education and facilities agroedutourism by considering the comfort for livestock and for users on the site.

Forage Potential of Plant Species Found in Various Ecosystems in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia

Forage is an important component in sustainable smallholder livestock. The purpose of the study was to identify the diversity of natural plant species in various ecosystems, as well as their potential as forage. Based on our surveys of palm oil plantation, rubber plantation, and home gardens using the quadrant method, we identified approximately 50 species comprising the natural vegetation of our study area. Out of 50, we identified 39 broad-leaved species, 9 grasses (Poaceae) species, and 2 sedges (Cyperaceae) species. The palm oil plantation had 29 species dominated by Ottochloa nodosa (11.92%) and Asystasia gangetica (11.40%); 25 species were found in the rubber plantation dominated by Cynodon dactylon (28.42%) and Panicum repens (9.20%), and home gardens contained 30 species dominated by Eleusine indica (13.39%) and Ageratum conyzoides (9.60%). Among the 29 species found in the palm oil plantation, 13 were observed to have low palatability scores, and 16 species have high palatability scores. Based on their high palatability scores, the following species can be utilized as forage for Balinese cattle: Cyrtococcum acrescens, Eleusine indica, Centrosema pubescens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Sida rhombifolia.

Physiological Response and Production Ability of Beef Cattle Raised Based on Different Altitudes in Sinjai Regency

The breeders' knowledge of the suitability of the breeding environment for cattle breeds may increase livestock productivity. Determining the differences in microclimate environmental conditions, physiological responses, and production capabilities of Bali and Limousine crossbred cattle raised at different altitudes in Sinjai Regency were the aim of this study. The research was carried out on people's farms in Sinjai, which were divided into three locations based on the height of different rearing places; low areas (0-100 masl) were represented by East Sinjai sub-district, South Sinjai sub-district for medium plains areas (100-400 masl), and highland areas (&gt;400 masl) were represented by West Sinjai sub-district. The selection was based on the height of the place and beef cattle business in the area. The materials used were 30 Balinese cattle and 24 Limousine hybrids. This research was conducted from July to September 2020. The method of the research used direct observation in the field. Data collection used the method of direct observation in the field. The parameters observed were; microclimate conditions, physiological responses, and beef cattle production capabilities. The research found that the altitude of keeping Bali cattle and Limousine breeding affected the microclimate conditions such as air temperature and humidity in the highlands. The air temperature is lower in the highlands but the humidity is higher than the lowlands. Besides, on the physiological response parameters, the altitude effected on the Limousine hybrid as well as respiratory frequency and pulse rate of Bali cattle. Respiratory and pulse rates are lower at high altitudes. The height of the breeding ground also affected the height of the Bali cattle, and the chest circumference of the Limousine hybrid.Â

Characteristics of Libido and Testosterone Concentration of Polled and Horned Bali Bulls after GnRH Injection

Bali cattle are one of the original Indonesian germplasm, which in its development were found to be hornless or polled. Polled are Balinese cattle whose horns do not grow naturally, but have the same characteristics as those with horns. However, there are indications that polled have a lower libido. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of libido and testosterone concentration after gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) injection. In this study each of 7 male polled and horned Bali cattle aged 3.5-6 years were used. Libido characteristics were observed by recording the first time the male fondled the teaser until ejaculation, while the testosterone concentration was measured using blood plasma taken on day 0 or before injection, day 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, and day 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; after GnRH injection. Testosterone analysis used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The results showed that the libido of polled was not different (P&amp;gt;0.05) compared to that of the horned on the 0, 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; days after GnRH injection. However, in polled on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day after GnRH injection, it was significantly lower than on day 0 and 14, but on day 0 it was not different with day 14. Testosterone concentration on day 7 after injection of GnRH was not different (P&amp;gt;0.05) compared to day 0 both in polled and horned bulls, but on day 14 after injection was significantly higher (P&amp;lt;0.05) in horned than polled. In conclusion, polled and horned Bali bulls had high libido with a score of +1, but on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day after GnRH injection, polled had lower libido than horns. The testosterone concentrations of polled and horned on day 7 after GnRH injection were not different compared to day 0, while the 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day was higher in horned bull.

Analisis Resistensi Spermatozoa Sapi Bali Terhadap Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan di Kabupaten Tebo

The purpose of this study is to find out the difference in the success rate of Artificial Insemination of Balinese cattle in Rimbo Bujang Subdistrict, Rimbo Ilir, and to know the influence of spermatozoa resistance and spermatozoa abnormality on the success of Artificial Insemination in Balinese cattle. The method used is the survey method, while the sample withdrawal technique is used clustering. Data analysis uses multiple linear regressions. The results showed that the success of Artificial Insemination based on Service per Conception (S/C) showed the number 1.56 means the success of IB is good, while judging from the calving interval (CI) value in cattle which is 12.9 months, it means it is ideal. It can be concluded that the success of Artificial Insemination (IB) is good, while motility is the success of Artificial Insemination (IB), as well as the percentage of life and spermatozoa abnormalities does not affect the success of Artificial Insemination (IB) in Balinese cows.