Balance In Healthy Young Adults Research Articles

Effects of Different Auditory Stimuli and Cognitive Tasks on Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Introduction: This study investigated the effect of different auditory stimuli and cognitive tasks on balance in healthy young adults. Methods: Thirty-three participants, aged 23.33 ± 2.43 years, were included in the study. The hearing levels of the participants were determined. Static and dynamic postural stability and limits of stability (LOS) tests were performed in the absence of auditory stimuli, in the presence of spondee word lists at 70 dB(A) and in the presence of spondee+white noise (−6 dB signal-to-noise ratio [SNR]), while auditory stimuli were presented bilaterally with supra-aural headphones. Participants were asked to repeat the words they listened to while performing balance-related tasks. Results: No significant differences between the three conditions were observed in the postural stability and LOS results. Increase in total repetition error was observed as the listening task became more difficult. Conclusion: The presence of auditory stimuli and the cognitive tasks did not cause any changes in the participants’ balance.

The Effects of Binaural Audio On Static and Dynamic Balance

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of virtual binaural audio on static and dynamic balance in healthy young adults. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 65 participated in this study. Data were collected using a descriptive information form, the Berg Balance Scale, the Flamingo Balance Test, and the Y Balance Test (YBT). Both the Flamingo Balance Test and YBT were applied to all participants in the absence and presence of binaural audio. Results: The Flamingo Balance Test results of the participants in the presence of sound were found to be significantly better than those in the absence of sound. Their YBT results were also significantly improved in the presence of sound. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that binaural audio may change the static and dynamic balance in healthy young adults.

A comparative study of vestibular projection connectivity and balance in healthy young adults and elderly subjects

ObjectiveVestibular function is controlled by interactions between various neuropathways that have different effects on balance and are connected to various brain areas. However, few studies have investigated the relation between changes in VN connectivity and aging using neuroimaging. We investigated neural connectivities in the vestibular nucleus (VN) and ventralis intermedius (VIM) nucleus of the thalamus in young and old healthy adults by diffusion tensor imaging.MethodsThis study recruited twenty-three normal healthy adults with no history of a neurological or musculoskeletal disease, that is, eleven old healthy adults (6 males, 5 females; mean age 63.36 ± 4.25 years) and 12 young healthy adults (7 males, 5 females; mean age 28.42 ± 4.40 years). Connectivity was defined as the incidence of connection between the VN, VIM, and target brain regions. Incidence of connection was counted from VN and VIM to each brain region. The subjective visual vertical (SVV) and the Berg balance scale (BBS) were used to assess vestibular function and balance.ResultsThe VN showed high connectivity with brainstem (dentate nucleus, medial longitudinal fasciculus, and VIM), but relatively low connectivity with cerebral cortex (parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PIVC) and primary somatosensory cortex) at a threshold of 30 streamlines. In particular, VN connectivity with PIVC was significantly lower in elderly adults (> 60 years old) than in young adults (20–40 years old) (p < 0.05). VIM showed high to mid connectivity with brainstems and cerebral cortexes at a threshold of 30, but no significant difference was observed between young and old adults (p > 0.05). SVV and BBS showed no significant differences between young and old adults (p > 0.05).ConclusionWe investigated incidences of neural connectivities of VN and VIM in young and old healthy adults. Our results provide basic data that might be clinically useful following injury of vestibular-related areas.

Spinal articulation exercise using an exercise ball enhances dynamic postural control

PurposeWe hypothesized that exercises that selectively utilize local muscles responsible for segmental movements of the spine might promote local muscle activity and dynamic postural balance. In this study, we examined the effects of selective local muscle exercises (spinal articulation exercise) on dynamic postural control in healthy subjects. MethodsThe effects of spinal articulation exercise were examined using a deflated exercise ball for the postural sway in healthy students who were assigned to an exercise or control group. The independent variable was the extent of exposure to selective local muscle exercise, and the dependent variable was dynamic postural control. A stabilometer, which measures dynamic postural control, was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercises. In addition, center of gravity movements were assessed using a Gravicorder G-620 stabilometer in which the subject was asked to shift their center of gravity between 2 circles on a computer monitor. Pre- and post-intervention dynamic postural control was statistically evaluated between the exercise group and control group using the Mann-Whitney test. ResultsThe post-intervention average COUNTS were significantly higher in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.003, r = 0.78). ENV. AREA was significantly smaller in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.036, r = 0.54). Furthermore, LNG/COUNTS were significantly smaller in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.024, r = 0.58). ConclusionsSpinal articulation exercise may be used to enhance the dynamic postural balance of healthy young adults.

Integrative function of proprioceptive system in the acute effects of whole body vibration on the movement performance in young adults.

The proprioceptive system coordinates locomotion, but its role in short-term integration and recovery of motor activity in imbalance of motor patterns and body remains debated. The aim of this study is investigating the functional role of proprioceptive system in motor patterns and body balance in healthy young adults. 70 participants (aged 20.1 ± 0.3) were divided into experimental groups EG1 (n = 30), EG2 (n = 30), control group (CG, n = 10). EG1 performed single WBV session on Power Plate (7 exercises adapted to Functional Movement Screen (FMS). EG2 performed single session of FMS Exercises (FMSE). CG didn't perform any physical activity. All participants performed pre- and post-session of FMS and stabilometric measurements. FMS total score in EG1 increased by 2.0 ± 0.2 (p0 < 0.001), this was significantly differed (p0 < 0.001) from EG2 and CG. Acute effects of WBV and FMSE on rate of change and standard deviation (SD) of pressure center (COP) were shown in all groups during Static Test (p0 < 0.01). SD increased (p0 < 0.01) in Given Setting Test in EG1 and EG2, and in Romberg Test (p0 < 0.001) in EG1. Length, width and area (p0 < 0.01) of confidence ellipse, containing 95% of the statokinesiogram points, decreased in Static Test in EG1; width and area (p0 < 0.01) decreased in EG2 group. Significant (p0 < 0.01) decrease in Given Setting Test was in EG1, and significant (p0 < 0.01) increase was in Romberg Test (open eyes) in CG. Maximum amplitude of COP oscillations: significantly (p0 < 0.01) decreasing along X and Y axes in EG1 and EG2, and along Y axis in CG during Static Test; along Y axis (p0 < 0.01) in all groups during Given Setting Test. Significant differences were identified (p0 < 0.01) in calculated energy consumption for COP moving during all stabilometric tests. However, inter-group differences in COP after acute WBV and FMSE sessions have not been identified. Acute WBV session eliminates the deficits in motor patterns which is not the case after acute FMSE session, which, according to our integrative movement tuning hypothesis, is due to high activation of integrative function of proprioceptive system. Efficacy of WBV and FMSE on COP performance indicates a high sensitivity of postural control to different levels of proprioceptive system activity.

Does an outdoor virtual environment projected in a head-mounted display affect balance in healthy young adults?

BackgroundVirtual reality head-mounted display (VR-HMD) is increasingly used for balance evaluation and rehabilitation. However, more studies must be conducted on virtual environments (VE) effects. This study aimed to assess the impact of an outdoor VE projected in a high-quality VR-HMD and of the VR-HMD mass on postural stability, postural control and leaning. MethodsThis study involved ten healthy young men who performed five 30-s stabilometric trials. Four experimental conditions were randomly performed: eyes open (EO) or eyes closed (EC), with (VR) or without (No VR) VR-HMD. Postural stability (antero-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) ranges of the center of pressure (CoP), 90% confidence ellipse area), postural control (CoP velocity (global, AP and ML)) and standard deviation of the CoP mean position), and postural leaning (AP/ML CoP mean position) were assessed. The comparisons between EO VR and EO No VR were used to analyze the VE effects and comparisons between EC VR and EC No VR for the VR-HMD mass effects. ResultsSpatiotemporal parameters that characterised postural stability and postural control, except ML velocity (p > 0.05), were significantly influenced by the simulated VE with higher values in EO VR than EO No VR (p < 0.05), but not by the VR-HMD mass. The mean position of the CoP showed no significant differences between conditions. SignificancePostural stability and postural control modification due to the VE used in this study revealed that this VE could be interesting for VR-HMD rehabilitation and assessment. VR-HMD is not a factor to be considered for stabilometric analysis.

How Does Lower Limb Respond to Unexpected Balance Perturbations? New Insights from Synchronized Human Kinetics, Kinematics, Muscle Electromyography (EMG) and Mechanomyography (MMG) Data.

Making rapid and proper compensatory postural adjustments is vital to prevent falls and fall-related injuries. This study aimed to investigate how, especially how rapidly, the multiple lower-limb muscles and joints would respond to the unexpected standing balance perturbations. Unexpected waist-pull perturbations with small, medium and large magnitudes were delivered to twelve healthy young adults from the anterior, posterior, medial and lateral directions. Electromyographical (EMG) and mechanomyographical (MMG) responses of eight dominant-leg muscles (i.e., hip abductor/adductors, hip flexor/extensor, knee flexor/extensor, and ankle dorsiflexor/plantarflexors) together with the lower-limb joint angle, moment, and power data were recorded. The onset latencies, time to peak, peak values, and/or rate of change of these signals were analyzed. Statistical analysis revealed that: (1) agonist muscles resisting the delivered perturbation had faster activation than the antagonist muscles; (2) ankle muscles showed the largest rate of activation among eight muscles following both anteroposterior and mediolateral perturbations; (3) lower-limb joint moments that complied with the perturbation had faster increase; and (4) larger perturbation magnitude tended to evoke a faster response in muscle activities, but not necessarily in joint kinetics/kinematics. These findings provided insights regarding the underlying mechanism and lower-limb muscle activities to maintain reactive standing balance in healthy young adults.

Physical activity does not impact mediolateral margin of stability across a range of postural-perturbing conditions in young adults

BackgroundThe maintenance of stability during walking is critical for successful locomotion. While targeted balance training can improve stability, it is unclear how simply meeting recommended physical activity guidelines may impact dynamic stability in healthy young adults. Research questionExamining the differences in the mediolateral margin of stability (ML-MOS) and the variability of the ML-MOS in physically active and inactive young adults across a range of stability-challenging walking tasks MethodTwenty-one physically active and twenty inactive young adults completed four experimental walking conditions: (1) Overground Walking, (2) Tandem Walking, (3) Beam Walking, and (4) Stepping-Stones. The ML-MOS and coefficient of variation of the ML-MOS were calculated at each heel strike while participants walked at their preferred walking speed. A two-way mixed-effects ANOVA was conducted to examine the effects of group and condition and their interaction on ML-MOS and ML-MOS variability ResultsNeither the ML-MOS nor the variability of the ML-MOS was significantly different between physically active and physically inactive young adults during any experimental walking conditions. A significant main effect of the experimental walking condition was observed, with the ML-MOS decreasing from overground walking to the tandem and beam walking conditions. The ML-MOS also became more variable in the tandem, beam, and stepping-stones conditions than in overground gait. SignificancePhysical activity status did not influence frontal plane dynamic balance in healthy young adults, even in stability-challenging environments. Conditions that constrain step width, such as tandem and beam walking, are adequate for challenging frontal plane dynamic balance and indicate that trunk kinematics may be adjusted when step width is constrained.

Critical Environmental Limits for Young, Healthy Adults (PSU HEAT)

The average temperature of the Earth has been steadily increasing for decades and is expected to continue increasing throughout the 21st century. Along with the increase in average global temperatures, the frequency, duration, and severity of heat waves have increased. Thus, there is a critical need for research targeted at understanding the specific environmental conditions associated with increased risk of heat‐ and humidity‐related morbidity and mortality.PurposeTo establish critical environmental limits for healthy young adults at two metabolic rates that reflect activities of daily living and light activity. We hypothesized that critical environmental limits would be shifted toward lower combinations of temperature and humidity at higher compared to lower rates of metabolic heat production.MethodsTwenty‐five (12M/13F; 24 ± 4 yrs) subjects were exposed to progressive heat stress in an environmental chamber at two rates of metabolic heat production chosen to represent minimal activity (MinAct) or light ambulation (LightAmb). Progressive heat stress comprised either (1) constant dry‐bulb temperature (Tdb; 36, 38, or 40 °C) and increasing ambient water vapor pressure (Pa; Pcrit trials), or (2) constant Pa (12, 16, or 20 mmHg) and increasing Tdb (Tcrit trials). Chamber Tdb and Pa, and subject gastrointestinal temperature (Tgi), were continuously monitored throughout each trial. After a 30‐min equilibration period, progressive heat stress superseded until subject heat balance could no longer be maintained and a clear rise in Tgi was observed. Each subject was tested during MinAct and LightAmb in 2 or 3 randomized environmental conditions, for a total of 4–6 trials per participant.ResultsBy design, oxygen consumption (V̇O2: 0.46 ± 0.10 vs. 0.80 ± 0.16 L/min; 1.8 ± 0.3 vs. 3.2 ± 0.3 METs), metabolic heat production (82.9 ± 12.5 vs. 133.3 ± 14.8), and sweat rate (142.8 ± 80.2 vs. 230.8 ± 84.9) were lower for MinAct compared to LightAmb (all p &lt; 0.0001). There were no differences in these variables (p ≥ 0.05) among environmental conditions for either MinAct or LightAmb intensities. Higher metabolic heat production (p &lt; 0.001) during LightAmb compared to MinAct trials resulted in significantly lower critical environmental limits across all Pcrit and Tcrit conditions (all p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThese data are the first to define critical environmental limits for the maintenance of heat balance in healthy young adults during minimal to light physical activity reflecting activities of daily living and light household tasks. By establishing critical environmental limits in a young, healthy population, the findings of this study will be used as a benchmark for future studies in aged and other vulnerable populations, and can be used to develop guidelines, policy decisions, and evidence‐based alert communications to minimize adverse impacts of extreme heat events.

Effects of a Short-Term Slackline Training Program on Energy Expenditure and Balance in Healthy Young Adults: A Preliminary Report of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The development of technology and a fast-paced lifestyle has caused a significant decrease in physical activity, especially among young people. These worrying trends can be countered by the use of attractive forms of physical recreation, including the increasingly popular slackline. The aim of this study was to evaluate energy expenditure during slackline training and to analyze changes in dynamic and static balance parameters after supervised slackline training sessions. The study enrolled 28 healthy volunteers (14 men and 14 women aged 21–25) who were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and passive control. The energy expenditure level was the primary outcome and was assessed using the SenseWear Armband. Each participant underwent an initial and final balance assessment using two selected protocols on the Balance Master platform. The intervention lasted 5 days, with 15 min of supervised training per day. The average energy expenditure expressed in MET was 6.0 (±0.7) MET per training session. An analysis of the results regarding static and dynamic balance showed that the group participating in slackline training significantly improved stability on foam surfaces with their eyes open (p < 0.003), as well as tandem walk speeds (p < 0.05), both with small effect sizes. The results suggested that slackline training has the potential to produce significant positive effects on general health statuses following the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations on physical activity. The significant improvement in task-specific balance suggests that slackline training could become an important element of the prevention and rehabilitation of many injuries.

The effect of pilates on body awareness, activity level, aerobic capacity and balance in healthy young adults

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Reformer Pilates on body awareness, activity level, aerobic capacity and balance in young adults.Materials and Methods: Participants were consisted of Reformer Pilates (individuals who received a program of muscle strengthening and flexibility exercises; n=82) and sedentary groups (n=87). Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), YMCA 3-Minute Step Test, Single-Limb Stance Test (SLST), and Functional Reach Test (FRT) were used in the evaluations of the participants.Results: A statistically significant difference was found in favor of the Reformer Pilates group in the scores of BAQ, IPAQ-SF mild level activity, YMCA 3-Minute Steps Test, SLST with eyes closed, and lateral FRT scores (p&amp;lt;0.05). In the sedentary group, heart rate change after the YMCA 3 min Step Test was statistically significantly higher (p=0.001).Conclusion: Body awareness, aerobic performance, and balance scores were found to be better in individuals who practiced Reformer Pilates than in sedentary individuals.

Effect of Smartphone Use on Static and Dynamic Postural Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effects of smartphone usage in the biomechanical balance system. Method Twenty-five healthy young adults (10 men, 15 women) between the ages of 18 and 25 years without balance problems were included in the study. Sensory organization, adaptation, rhythmic weight shift, and functional limitation tests (unilateral stance, sit to stand, walk across, tandem walk, step quick turn, step up down, forward lunge) have been applied. Results Significant results were obtained in parameters of sensory organization, tandem walk, walk across, and unilateral stance tests (p < .05). Conclusion The effects of using smartphones on postural control and balance in different circumstances, such as standing and walking, must be comprehensively determined to prevent accident.

Evidence that feelings of energy and fatigue are associated differently with gait characteristics and balance: an exploratory study

ABSTRACT Balance and gait assessments are commonly implemented to screen for injury risks and function by clinicians. Recent evidence in older adults suggests that feelings of energy and fatigue influence gait and balance however, there is limited evidence on the influence of these moods on gait and balance in young adults. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of self-reported feelings of fatigue and energy on characteristics of gait and balance in healthy young adults. Participants (n = 97) completed the experimental procedure in a single testing session. Feelings of energy and fatigue were measured using the 30-item Profile of Mood States-Short Form. Participants were fitted with inertial sensors then completed a modified Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction and Balance to assess balance and walked for 2 minutes around a 6m track. Backwards multiple linear regression models were used to test associations between selfreported fatigue and energy with balance and gait characteristics. The backwards regression models with gait characteristic predicted 9.1% and 20.0% variance for fatigue and energy, respectively. Feelings of fatigue significantly impacted balance variables only when subjects stood on a firm surface with their eyes open however, feelings of energy significantly influenced balance variables when eyes were open both on firm and a foam surface. Neither mood influenced balance in either of the vision occluded conditions. Findings suggest that feelings of fatigue and energy uniquely impact gait characteristics and balance of healthy young adults, furthering our understanding of energy and fatigue as separate moods.

Effects of white Gaussian noise on dynamic balance in healthy young adults

It has been known that short-time auditory stimulation can contribute to the improvement of the balancing ability of the human body. The present study aims to explore the effects of white Gaussian noise (WGN) of different intensities and frequencies on dynamic balance performance in healthy young adults. A total of 20 healthy young participants were asked to stand at a dynamic balance force platform, which swung along the x-axis with an amplitude of ± 4° and frequency of 1 Hz. Their center of pressure (COP) trajectories were recorded when they were stimulated by WGN of different intensities (block 1) and different frequencies (block 2). A traditional method and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) were used for data preprocessing. The authors found that only with 75–85 dB WGN, the COP parameters improved. WGN frequency did not affect the dynamic balance performance of all the participants. The DFA results indicated stimulation with 75 dB WGN enhanced the short-term index and reduced the crossover point. Stimulation with 500 Hz and 2500 Hz WGN significantly enhanced the short-term index. These results suggest that 75 dB WGN and 500 Hz and 2500 Hz WGN improved the participants’ dynamic balance performance. The results of this study indicate that a certain intensity of WGN is indispensable to achieve a remarkable improvement in dynamic balance. The DFA results suggest that WGN only affected the short-term persistence, indicating the potential of WGN being considered as an adjuvant therapy in low-speed rehabilitation training.

Smartphone Use and Postural Balance in Healthy Young Adults.

Maintaining an upright posture while talking or texting on the phone is a frequent dual-task demand. Using a within-subjects design, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of a smartphone conversation or message texting on standing plantar pressure and postural balance performance in healthy young adults. Thirty-five subjects (mean age 21.37 ± 1.11 years) were included in this study. Simultaneous foot plantar pressure and stabilometric analysis were performed using the PoData system, under three conditions: no phone (control), talking on a smartphone (talk) and texting and sending a text message via a smartphone (text). Stabilometric parameters (center of pressure (CoP) path length, 90% confidence area and maximum CoP speed) were significantly affected by the use of different smartphone functions (p < 0.0001). The CoP path length and maximum CoP speed were significantly higher under the talk and text conditions when compared to the control. CoP path length, 90% confidence area and maximum CoP speed were significantly increased in talk compared to text and control. Talking on the phone also influenced the weight distribution on the left foot first metatarsal head and heel as compared with message texting. Postural stability in healthy young adults was significantly affected by talking and texting on a smartphone. Talking on the phone proved to be more challenging.

Effect of Arch Index of Foot on Dynamic Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Effect of Arch Index of Foot on Dynamic Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Absent Arm Swing and Dual Tasking Decreases Trunk Postural Control and Dynamic Balance in People With Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Falling during walking is a common occurrence in people with Parkinson's disease and is closely associated with severe social and medical consequences. Recent evidence demonstrates that arm swing affects dynamic balance in healthy young adults; however, it remains unexamined what its effect is in people with Parkinson's disease, particularly when combined with a secondary dual task.Methods: Twenty people with Parkinson's disease (63.78 ± 8.97) walked with two arm swing conditions (absent and normal) with and without a secondary dual task. Data were collected on a split-belt treadmill CAREN Extended-System (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, NL). Average and standard deviations for trunk linear and angular velocity were calculated along with their instantaneous values (during foot strikes) in all three axes. Averages and coefficient of variations for step length, time, and width; margin of stability; and harmonic ratios were also calculated.Results: Compared with normal arm swing, absent arm swing reduced the least affected leg's average step length and increased its step length coefficient of variation while increasing step time coefficient of variation in the most affected leg. Further, absent arm swing reduced trunk anteroposterior instantaneous angular velocity (least affected leg) and reduced anteroposterior instantaneous linear velocity (bilaterally). For the vertical axis, absent arm swing increased the trunk's average angular velocity but reduced its instantaneous linear velocity and angular velocity standard deviation (least affected leg). Additionally, the margin of stability increased when the arms were absent (least affected leg). Alternatively, dual tasking reduced average step time (most affected leg) and increased the step width coefficient of variation (bilaterally). Additionally, dual tasking increased the mediolateral average angular velocity, instantaneous linear velocity standard deviation (bilaterally), and instantaneous angular velocity standard deviation (least affected leg). For the vertical axis, dual tasking increased average linear and angular velocity standard deviation as well as instantaneous angular velocity standard deviation (bilaterally).Conclusion: Findings suggest that participants attempted to control extraneous trunk movement (due to absent arm swing) through compensatory responses in both lower and upper extremities. However, participants appeared to predominately compensate on their least affected side. Contrastingly, modifying mediolateral foot placement appeared to be the main means of maintaining walking stability while dual tasking.

Effect of 4 Weeks Balance Training Program in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Background: The balance is a complex motor task, which requires the interaction of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system and contextual factors. It is important to maintain balance during daily activities like walking, stair climbing, running, jumping and other recreational activities in healthy young individual. Available literature suggests use of many strategies for improving balance. Out of which balance board and BOSU ball trainings are most commonly used strategies which are yet to be discussed for the intensity of training and its effectiveness. Purpose: a 4 weeks Intervention using BOSU Ball and Balance Board for improving balance in healthy young adults. Procedure: The purpose and the procedure of the research was explained to the subjects and On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were requested and those who were willing to participate in the research were selected. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups for BOSU Ball and Balance Board training, the intervention was given for 4 weeks. The pre and post-test measurement was taken using SEBT to check effectiveness of the training devices. Results: Conclusion: 4 weeks Of Continuous Balance Training using BOSU Ball and Balance Board is effective in improving balance.

Effects of Suspension Training on the Balance of Healthy Young Adults

Effects of Suspension Training on the Balance of Healthy Young Adults

The Effect of Sound and Vibration on Postural Balance in Healthy Young Adults

Postural balance is influenced by alteration of somatosensory inputs. Sound and vibratory senses, one of several human senses may assist the postural control in a specific impaired situation. The aim of this pilot study was to quantify the effect of sound and vibration on postural balance in healthy young adults. Ten healthy young subjects volunteered to participate in the study. The average age, weight, height, and body mass index were 21.88 ± 0.42 years, 56.21 ± 9.80 kg, 159.75 ± 5.20 cm, and 21.99 ± 3.52 kg/m2. They were assessed for standing postural balance on a force plate over 6 conditions of sound and vibration applications under vision was excluded by using a blindfold. Postural balance variables consisted of planar deviation of Center of Pressure (CoP) and the maximum ranges of CoP in the medio-lateral (ML) and antero-posterior (AP) directions. Two-way ANOVA was used to find the effect and interaction effect of sound and vibration on the postural balance variables. Further analyses of the variables were performed on a basis of each factor. Between sound conditions (no sound and open sound), the variables were analyzed by the paired t-test. In addition, the effect of vibration (no vibration, vibration on quadriceps, and vibration on gastrocnemius) on the variables were analyzed by the one-way repeated measure ANOVA. Results demonstrated no interaction effect and main effect of sound and vibration on the postural balance variables (p &gt; 0.05). In addtion, no significant difference of the postural balance variables between sound conditions (p &gt; 0.05) as well as among vibration conditions (p &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, sound and vibration did not effect to the postural balance during standing in healty young adults.