Bailing Capsule Research Articles

Network pharmacology and experimental verification unraveled the mechanism of Bailing Capsule against asthma.

Asthma is a serious public health challenge around the world. Recent studies into traditional Chinese medicine preparations for asthma have yielded promising findings regarding Bailing Capsule's potential in bronchial asthma prevention and treatment. This study aims to initially clarify the potential mechanism of Bailing Capsule in the treatment of asthma using network pharmacology and in vitro experimental approaches. Network pharmacology was adopted to detect the active ingredients of Bailing Capsule via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database, and the key targets and signaling pathways in the treatment of asthma were predicted. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to verify the most important interactions formed by these probes within different regions of the binding site. The predicted targets were validated in lipopolysaccharide-induced 16HBE cell experiment. Seven active ingredients were screened from Bailing Capsule, 294 overlapping targets matched with asthma were considered potential therapeutic targets, such as SRC, TP53, STAT3, and E1A binding protein P300. The main functional pathways involving these key targets include phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, renin-angiotensin system and other signaling pathways, which were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and xenobiotic stimulus. Moreover, molecular docking showed that Cerevisterol have higher affinity for SRC, TP53, STAT3, and E1A binding protein P300 than other main active components, which is close to the docking results of the co-crystallized ligands to proteins. Consequently, Cerevisterol was selected for molecular dynamics simulation and the results show that Cerevisterol can bind most tightly to SRC, TP53, and STAT3. Bailing Capsule can promote the growth of 16HBE cell, reduce the production of IL-4, TNF-α and IL-6, and down-regulate the levels of SRC and STAT3 mRNA. This study preliminarily reveals the potential mechanism of Bailing Capsule against asthma with the aid of network pharmacology and in vitro cell experiment, which provided reference and guidance for in-depth research and clinical application.

Therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of Bailing capsule on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and network pharmacology

Context Bailing capsule, derived from Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. (Clavicipitaceae), has shown potential in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a prevalent respiratory disorder. Objective This study elucidates the efficacy and mechanism of action of the use of Bailing capsules in the treatment of COPD using meta-analysis and network pharmacology. Materials and methods A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. The treatment group received Bailing capsules alongside standard therapy, while the control group received standard therapy or in combination with other traditional Chinese medicines. Efficacy outcomes included lung function, exercise tolerance, acute exacerbation risk, and quality of life. Network pharmacology and molecular docking identified key targets of Bailing capsules. Results The meta-analysis of 27 RCTs showed significant improvements in the treatment group for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Additionally, there was a marked reduction in acute COPD attacks and an improvement in quality of life. Meanwhile, network pharmacological analysis identified SRC, HIF1A, NFKB1, HDAC2, and PRKACA, as the potential core targets for Bailing capsules in the treatment of COPD. Discussion and conclusion Bailing capsules have shown promising results in the treatment of stable COPD. Future studies should focus on large-scale, multicenter RCTs to confirm the long-term benefits and safety of Bailing capsules.

Study on chemical profiling of bailing capsule and its potential mechanism against thyroiditis based on network pharmacology with molecular docking strategy.

Bailing capsule (BLC), a drug that is clinically administered to modulate the autoimmune system, exhibits promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of thyroiditis. This study elucidates the chemical profile of BLC and its potential therapeutic mechanism in thyroiditis, leveraging network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS), 58 compounds were identified, the majority of which were nucleosides and amino acids. Utilizing the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC QqQ MS/MS) strategy, 16 representative active components from six batches of BLCs were simultaneously determined. Network pharmacology analysis further revealed that the active components included 5'-adenylate, guanosine, adenosine, cordycepin, inosine, 5'-guanylic acid, and l-lysine. Targets with higher connectivity included AKT1, MAPK3, RAC1, and PIK3CA. The signaling pathways primarily focused on thyroid hormone regulation and the Ras, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK pathways, all of which wereintricately linked to inflammatory immunity and hormonal regulation. Molecular docking analysis corroborated the findings from network pharmacology, revealing that adenosine, guanosine, and cordycepin exhibited strong affinity toward AKT1, MAPK3, PIK3CA, and RAC1. Overall, this study successfully elucidated the material basis and preliminary mechanism underlying BLC's intervention in thyroiditis, thus laying a solid basis for further exploration of its in-depth mechanisms.

Exploring the efficacy and mechanism of Bailing capsule to improve polycystic ovary syndrome in mice based on intestinal-derived LPS-TLR4 pathway

Ethnopharmacological relevancePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with reproductive dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities, particularly characterized by insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation. Multiple clinical studies have clearly demonstrated the significant efficacy and safety of the combination of Bailing capsules (BL) in the treatment of PCOS, but its pharmacological effects and mechanisms still require further study. Aim of the studyTo evaluate the effect of BL on improving PCOS in mice and explore the mechanism. MethodsIn this study, Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) injection was administered alone and in combination with a high-fat and high-sugar diet to induce PCOS-like mouse. They were randomly divided into five groups: normal group (N), PCOS group (P), Bailing capsule low-dose group (BL-L), Bailing capsule high-dose group (BL-H) and Metformin + Daine-35 group (M + D). Firstly, the effects of BL on ovarian lesions, serum hormone levels, HOMA-IR, intestinal barrier function, inflammation levels, along with the expression of IRS1, PI3K, AKT, TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-6, and Occludin of the ovary, liver and colon were investigated. Finally, the composition of the gut microbiome of fecal was tested. ResultsThe administration of BL significantly reduced body weight, improved hormone levels, improved IR, and attenuated pathological damage to ovarian tissues, up-regulated the expression of IRS1, PI3K, and AKT in liver. It also decreased serum LPS, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, while downregulating the expression of Myd88, TLR4, and NF-κB p65. Additionally, BL improved intestinal barrier damage and upregulated the expression of Occludin. Interestingly, the abundance of norank_f__Muribaculacea and Lactobacillus was down-regulated, while the abundance of Akkermansia was significantly up-regulated. ConclusionThe results of the study showed that BL exerts a treatment PCOS effect, which may be related to the modulation of the gut microbiota, the improvement of insulin resistance and the intestinal-derived LPS-TLR4 inflammatory pathway. Our research will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of PCOS.

Efficacy and safety of Cordyceps sinensis (Hirsutella sinensis, Cs-C-Q80) in chronic bronchitis.

Background: Cordyceps sinensis is a traditional Chinese medicine that has shown promise for the management of chronic bronchitis (CB). We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of a preparation of C sinensis named Bailing capsule (Hirsutella sinensis, Cs-C-Q80) compared with a placebo in patients with CB. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; registration number: ChiCTR1900025707) recruited patients with CB from eight hospitals in China between May 2019 and December 2020. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive Bailing capsule or a placebo orally for 48weeks (2.0g, three times a day). Results: Among 240 patients who were randomized, 238 (Bailing capsule: 159, placebo: 79) were included in the primary analysis. Bailing capsule significantly reduced the frequency of acute exacerbation of CB (AECB) compared with the placebo during treatment (0.43 ± 0.82 vs. 1.56 ± 1.34; P < 0.001) and follow-up (0.21 ± 0.64 vs. 0.45 ± 0.93; P = 0.026). Bailing capsule improved the severity of expectoration (P = 0.046) and wheezing (P = 0.010) in AECB during follow-up. The severity of CB after treatment was significantly improved in the Bailing capsule group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.035), particularly in terms of expectoration (P = 0.012) and wheezing (P = 0.003). The risk of adverse events, mainly including infectious and invasive diseases and gastrointestinal symptoms, did not significantly differ between the two groups (29.6% vs. 30.4%). Conclusion: In patients with CB, Bailing capsule significantly reduces the frequency of AECB and ameliorates the severity of AECB and CB symptoms. Clinical Trail Registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn, identifer ChiCTR1900025707.

Integrated bioinformatics and network pharmacology to explore the therapeutic target and molecular mechanisms of Bailing capsule on polycystic ovary syndrome

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder that is common in women of reproductive age. The clinical features of PCOS include hyperandrogenemia and polycystic ovarian changes. Bailing capsule (BL), a proprietary Chinese medicine that contains fermented Cordyceps sinensis powder, has been applied to treat PCOS. However, the specific active ingredients of BL and its mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated.MethodsInitially, the effectiveness of BL on PCOS model mice was evaluated. Subsequently, the active ingredients of BL were searched in the TCMSP and TCM Systems Pharmacology databases, and their targets were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction and SEA databases. Furthermore, the GEO gene database was used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to PCOS. Data from Gene Card, OMIM, DDT, and Drugbank databases were then combined to establish a PCOS disease gene library. Cross targets were imported into the STRING database to construct a protein–protein interaction network. In addition, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Metascape and DAVID databases and visualized using Cytoscape software and R 4.2.3. The core targets were docked with SYBYL-X software, and their expressions in PCOS mice were further verified using qPCR.ResultsThe core active ingredients of BL were identified to be linoleyl acetate, cholesteryl palmitate, arachidonic acid, among others. Microarray data sets from four groups containing disease and normal samples were obtained from the GEO database. A total of 491 DEGs and 106 drug–disease cross genes were selected. Estrous cycle and ovarian lesions were found to be improved in PCOS model mice following BL treatment. While the levels of testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin decreased, that of estradiol increased. qPCR findings indicated that the expressions of JAK2, PPARG, PI3K, and AKT1 were upregulated, whereas those of ESR1 and IRS1 were downregulated in PCOS model mice. After the administration of BL, the expressions of associated genes were regulated. This study demonstrated that BL exerted anti-PCOS effects via PIK3CA, ESR1, AKT, PPARG, and IRS1 targets affecting PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.DiscussionThis research clarified the multicomponent, multitarget, and multichannel action of BL and provided a theoretical reference for further investigations on its pharmacological basis and molecular mechanisms against PCOS.

Effect of traditional Chinese medicine Bailing capsule on renal anemia in maintenance hemodialysis patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:Renal anemia (RA) is one of the most common complications in patients with end-stage renal disease, and it is also one of the reasons for the decline of quality of life and functional status in patients with end-stage renal disease. Traditional treatment methods often fail to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects, so it is very necessary to find effective adjuvant treatment methods. Bailing capsule (BLC), a traditional Chinese medicine, which has been widely used in the treatment of RA in maintenance hemodialysis patients, but a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of this drug is currently lacking. Therefore, this study used meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BLC in the treatment of RA, in order to provide guidance for finding effective auxiliary methods for the treatment of RA in maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHP).Methods:Using the computer to retrieve PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP Database, WANFANG Database, SinoMed from 1990 to 2021 and collecting the clinical randomized controlled trial and retrospective cohort study of BLC in the treatment of RA in MHP. Two researchers independently read and screened the literature, followed by evaluating the retrospective cohort studies that met the selection criteria using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scale. The randomized controlled trial used the Cochrane manual standards to assess the risk of bias, and the RevMan 5.3 software was used to conduct a meta-analysis of the result data.Results:This study will use the method of meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions of BLC in the treatment of RA in MHP through the primary and secondary outcome indicators.Conclusion:The results of this study will help clinicians find safe and effective adjuvant therapy in the treatment of RA in MHP.OSF registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/732KP (https://osf.io/732kp).

Effectiveness of Bailing capsules in the treatment of lupus nephritis: A meta‑analysis.

Previous studies have explored the treatment of lupus nephritis with Bailing capsules; however, due to limited sample sizes and inconsistent results across these studies, no definitive conclusions have been drawn. Thus, the present study aimed to provide evidence for the effectiveness of Bailing capsules in the treatment of lupus nephritis. To obtain relevant clinical studies (published before 20 July 2019), PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched, and relevant studies concerning the use of Bailing capsules for treating lupus nephritis were selected. The extracted data were general characteristics such as the first author, publication year, study year, follow‑up time, age, sex, course of the disease and a number of outcome indicators. These included systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) score, serum albumin (Alb), 24‑h urinary protein, serum creatinine, anti‑ds‑DNAIgM, complement component3 (C3), and the number of effective treatments and complications. Meta‑analysis was performed using R‑3.12 software. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. A total of 14studies comprising 1,301 participants were combined for analysis in the present study. The results demonstrated that with the exception of anti‑ds‑DNAIgM and complement C3, other indicators, such as SLEDAI score, Alb, 24‑h urinary protein, serum creatinine, and the number of effective treatments and complications) in the Bailing capsule treatment group were improved compared with those in the control group. The results of the present meta‑analysis suggested that Bailing capsules may be effective in the treatment of lupus nephritis.

Assessment of Bailing Capsule in the Treatment of Chronic Glomerulonephritis: A Meta-analysis

The aim of the study is to provide evidence-based information for the efficacy, range of adaptation, dosage and course of treatment and adverse reactions for the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis using Bailing capsule. Computer and manual retrieval was used to collect the clinical literature on treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis with Bailing capsule. A total of 661 patients (330 cases in the treatment group and 331 cases in the control group) in 8 reported studies were included as per inclusion criteria. RevMan 4.2 software was used to analyze the overall efficacy, the change of urine protein within 24 h before and after treatment, course of treatment, dosage, and adverse reactions. The total effect of Bailing capsule in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis was better than that in the control group. Compared to the control group, Bailing capsule exerted better control on urine protein without serious adverse reactions. There was a certain publication bias against the included cases. Bailing capsule brought urine protein from nephritis under control, but it is still necessary to make further investigation into the effect of Bailing capsule on different renal pathological changes of chronic glomerulonephritis, the best dosage and course of treatment.

Efficacy of Bailing Capsule (Traditional Chinese Medicine) in the Treatment of Nephrotic Syndrome: A Meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of the existing literature on the treatment of nephrotic syndrome with Bailing capsule in adult patients was carried out to provide evidences for clinical practice. Relevant articles describing the effect were included. A total of 5 documents were selected. The meta-analysis showed that Bailing capsule reduced 24 h urine protein in patients with nephrotic syndrome (standardized mean difference=2.35 (3.72, 0.97), p<0.01), increased the level of serum albumin (standardized mean difference=0.94 (0.37, 1.52), p=0.01), but had no improvement on serum creatinine (standardized mean difference=0.50 (1.25, 0.26), p=0.20) as well as blood urea nitrogen (standardized mean difference=0.10 (0.36,0.17), p=0.48). The adjuvant treatment of nephrotic syndrome with Bailing capsule could reduce proteinuria, enhance plasma albumin and decrease blood lipids in patients. However, these conclusions need to be confirmed by further clinical trials.

Chinese patent medicine Bailing capsule for treating lupus nephritis

Treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) remains challenging. LN remains the primary source of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Chinese patent medicine Bailing capsule is commonly used for the treatment of LN. However, there is no consensus on the difference in clinical efficacy compared with routine treatment. Therefore, we plan to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to review the clinical efficacy and safety of Bailing capsule for LN. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang database, and VIP information database will be searched from their inception until January 2019. The meta-analysis will be conducted with Review Manager 5.3 software to systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of Bailing capsule for LN. The primary outcome will include clinical effective rate, and the secondary outcomes will include Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, serum creatinine, 24-hour urine protein quantity, complement 3, and adverse effects. This analysis will provide useful information about clinical efficacy and safety of Bailing capsule for LN. Our study will generate strong evidence of Bailing capsule for patients with LN and provide suggestions for clinical practice.

Influence of Bailing capsule on the serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-18, TNF-α in patients with chronic kidney disease

Objective To observe the influence of Bailing capsule on the serum levels of hs-CRP, IL-18, TNF-α in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods According to the digital table, 56 CKD patients were randomly divided into the control group(28 cases) and treatment group(treated with Bailing capsules, 28 cases). Meanwhile, 20 healthy adults were selected as the normal controls.The blood concentrations of hs-CRP, IL-18, TNF-α, Scr and BUN were determined. Results The levels of hs-CRP, IL-18, TNF-α, Scr and BUN in CKD patients were significantly higher than those in the normal control[(5.99±2.67)mg/L, (6.17±2.23)mg/L vs.(2.27±2.16)mg/L, (44.43±7.54)μg/L, (46.54±8.63)μg/L vs.(11.42±3.32)μg/L, (95.22±34.65)ng/L, (105.48±33.25)ng/L vs.(21.34±10.10)ng/L, (6.86±2.97)mmol/L, (6.89±2.85)mmol/L vs.(5.32±2.43)mmol/L, (98.47±28.85) μmol/L, (95.46±27.83)μmol/L vs.(75.45±28.20)μmol/L, all P 0.05), while those were significantly decreased with Bailing capsule treatment (t=-2.77, -3.81, -4.71, -2.06, all P<0.05). Conclusion The renal inflammation can be alleviated by Bailing capsule in CKD patients, which can slow the progression of CKD. Key words: Bailing capsule; Chronic kidney disease; Inflammatory factor

GC-MS Profiling of Volatile Components in Different Fermentation Products of Cordyceps Sinensis Mycelia.

The fermentation products of Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) mycelia are sustainable substitutes for natural C. sinensis. However, the volatile compositions of the commercial products are still unclear. In this paper, we have developed a simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the profiling of volatile components in five fermentation products. A total of 64, 39, 56, 52, and 44 components were identified in the essential oils of Jinshuibao capsule (JSBC), Bailing capsule (BLC), Zhiling capsule (ZLC), Ningxinbao capsule (NXBC), and Xinganbao capsule (XGBC), respectively. 5,6-Dihydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (massoia lactone) was first discovered as the dominant component in JSBC volatiles. Fatty acids including palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2) were also found to be major volatile compositions of the fermentation products. The multivariate partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed a clear discrimination among the different commercial products as well as the counterfeits. This study may provide further chemical evidences for the quality evaluation of the fermentation products of C. sinensis mycelia.

Inhibitory effect of Bailing capsule on hypoxia-induced proliferation of rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.

Objectives:To investigated the effects of Bailing capsule on hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs).Methods:This prospective study was performed at the Central Laboratory, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China between April 2012 and November 2014. Ten healthy adult male Wistar rats were administrated with gastric perfusion of Bailing capsule to obtain serum containing the tested drugs. Proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 assay. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat PASMCs was determined through a fluorometric assay, whereas production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) was detected by ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), c-fos, and c-jun in PASMCs was also determined using immunohistochemistry staining and qRT-PCR.Results:We observed that the medicated serum obviously inhibited hypoxia-induced cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the medicated serum significantly reduced hypoxia-induced production of ROS and ET-1, as well as expression of PCNA, c-fos, and c-jun, in PASMCs.Conclusion:Results demonstrated that Bailing capsule can inhibit hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation possibly by suppressing ET-1 and ROS production and by inhibiting expression of PCNA, c-fos, and c-jun. These results suggest that Bailing possess antiproliferative property, which is probably one of the underlying mechanisms of Bailing capsule for the clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng on urinary albumin in patients with chronic renal failure

To observe the curative effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng (PNS) on chronic renal failure (CRF). Sixty patients with CRF (non-uremic) were randomly divided into the experimental and the control groups, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in experimental group were given PNS extract Xueshuantong 0.45 g on the basis of the general symptomatic treatment, once a day. While the patients in the control group were treated with Bailing capsule of 1.0 g, three times a day. Total therapeutic courses were 2 months for both groups. The changes in renal function, hemoglobin, 24-hour urinary protein, parathyroid hormone (PTH), N-acutely-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were observed in two groups. After 2 months, the changes in serum creatinine (SCr), clearance rate of endogenous creatinine (CCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), hemoglobin, 24-hour urinary protein were improved in both groups, while the changes in CCr, BUN, hemoglobin, 24-hour urinary protein in the experimental group were more obvious [CCr (ml/s): 0.36±0.13 vs. 0.34±0.12, BUN (mmol/L): 15.66±9.05 vs. 20.32±8.30, hemoglobin (g/L): 101.2±9.4 vs. 95.4±8.7, 24-hour urinary protein (mg): 1 040±450 vs. 2 360±390, all P<0.05]. After treatment, NAG (U/L) were decreased significantly only in control group (18.2±9.8 vs. 28.9±12.0, P<0.05). PNS has a good therapeutic effect for the treatment of CRF (non-uremic). It possesses such therapeutic effects as improving the renal function, and lowering urine protein.

The Clinical Research on the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma with Qingfeiyin and Bailing Capsule

Objective To observe the clinical effect of the treatment of bronchial asthma with the Qingfeiyin and Bailing capsule.Methods 107 cases with bronchial asthma were classified into a control group and a treatment group randomly.The control group was treated with the Ipratropine (40-80 ug for each time)and the treatment group was glven Ipratropine and Qingfeireyin(50ml for each time)plus Bailing Capsule(30pills for each time).One course of treatment was 2months.Results The therapeutic effect of treatment group was significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).Condusion Qingfeiyin and Bailing capsule has excellent effect in treating bronchial asthma. Key words: Bronchial asthma; Qingfeiyin; Baiting capsule