Bad Habits Research Articles

АНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА КСЕРОСТОМИИ И ЗДОРОВОГО ОБРАЗА ЖИЗНИ СТУДЕНТОВ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТА УРАЛЬСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

Subject. Xerostomia. Objectives. To analyze risk factors, to identify the incidence of xerostomia and a healthy lifestyle of students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Ural State Medical University (USMU). Methodology. The work was carried out at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry and Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, at the Department of General Chemistry of USMU, at the Department of Controlled Systems Modeling of UrFU. The objects of the study were: a questionnaire consisting of two parts and volunteers – students of the Faculty of Dentistry of USMU. The first part of the questionnaire is based on the questionnaire "List of cases of xerostomia" modified by the authors of this study to 12 questions. The second part of the questionnaire (author's) consists of 29 questions on a healthy lifestyle (HLS), which also affect the development of xerostomia. Thus, the total number of questions in the questionnaire was 41. Statistical processing of the results was carried out on a personal computer using the Microsoft Excel 2007 application software package; the reliability of the differences was assessed by the Student's t-distribution using the Statistica 6.0 software package; the confidence interval for mathematical expectation M ± m was determined, where M is the sample average. The differences are considered. Conclusions. Students of the Faculty of Dentistry of USMU adhere to the rules aimed at maintaining the health of the oral cavity: they change their toothbrush (from 3 to 5 times a year – 85%), brush their teeth for at least three minutes (more than 48%) twice a day (77.7%) and use additional means of interdental hygiene (76.7%). 38% indicate dry lips. Dryness in the nose is emphasized by 14.1% of students. "Dry mouth is associated with elevated blood sugar", 2% of the study participants noted. It is advisable to investigate the problem of prevention of dental diseases, individual and professional oral hygiene programs, as well as regular general hygiene measures and the elimination of bad habits among students.

Risk and time preferences in individuals with lifestyle-related and non-lifestyle-related cardiovascular diseases: a pilot study

ObjectivesTo (1) pilot a study of behavioural characterisation based on risk and time preferences in clinically well-characterised individuals, (2) assess the distribution of preferences in this population and (3) explore...

The attitude of foreign students to healthy life-style and confidence to modern medicine as exemplified by students of Kursk

The article investigates attitude of foreign students to health and a healthy lifestyle. The main practices of maintenance of health and healthy lifestyle are analyzed. The opinions of foreign students related to their health and their modes of dealing with stress in new social cultural conditions are considered. The results of sociological survey carried out in January 2024 covering students of the Kursk State Medical University - foreign students who arrived to receive higher education were chosen as the analysis base. The study established that foreign students more often associate healthy lifestyle with maintenance of mental health, healthy diet and domestic hygiene. At that, considering medicine and physician visits, percentage of respondents attributing these aspects to healthy lifestyle and themselves applying to medical workers is far lower than those giving up bad habits and maintain hygiene. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to increase awareness of foreign students about their rights to receive qualified medical care that will serve as factor increasing confidence in medical institutions and physicians.

Correction of severe upper-eyelid sunken deformity in Asians by double-eyelid procedure and combination of orbital fat pad repositioning and autologous fat transplantation: a one-year follow-up study of 79 cases.

Nowadays, people's pace of life continues to rapid up, and many bad habits will accelerate the aging of the eye periphery, and patients with sunken upper eyelids are to be found in younger people. In young Asians, single eyelids are often accompanied by upper eyelid depression, so correcting the upper eyelid depression during blepharoplasty becomes a higher challenge for plastic surgeons. Current surgical methods for upper eyelid depression include three major categories: tissue repositioning, injection and filling, and combined use. According to grades 1 and 2 are mild or moderate upper eyelid sunken. The sunken can be well corrected only by repositioning the orbital fat pad, while the correction effect for severe upper eyelid sunken in grades 3 and 4 is Poor, need to be used in combination to achieve the desired effect. The authors sought to determine whether, for patients with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression of grades 3 and 4, combined with orbital fat pad repositioning and autologous fat transplantation during blepharoplasty, an aesthetic and youthful blepharoplasty can be achieved. This study included 79 patients with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression of grades 3 and 4 who received treatment between June 2020 and July 2022. All patients underwent double eyelid surgery plus orbital fat repositioning and autologous fat grafting. After a minimum follow-up period of 1 year, overall patient satisfaction was 92%. The recurrence rate within the first year was 6% and the complication rate was 5%. This combined surgery may be an option for young Asians with single eyelids and severe upper eyelid depression. In this study, the surgery resulted in natural-looking double eyelids and younger-looking eye sockets in most patients. A combination of different surgical methods based on the patient's preoperative condition is critical to achieving long-term correction.

Application test for betterment in the self-care of diabetic patients: a study in virtual messages under the NPT perspective

With the increase in chronic diseases that can be linked to bad habits, communication technologies improve the quality of life and health status of patients. We sought to understand how a digital TV application and Smartphones can improve care for e-Health intervention patients through persuasive content, increasing health literacy levels in people with diabetes through elements of the Normalization Process Theory (NPT). An experimental exploratory study was carried out, through quantitative and qualitative research, in three groups of patients with diabetes (28 in total - 10 in the Control Group, 9 in the Smartphone Group and 9 in the Digital TV Group), in Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil, including 7 health professionals (4 dentists and 3 nurses) who deal with these patients in the municipality. The application was accepted in both groups by users and professionals, all the while showing a tendency of increasing the literacy and persuasion among the users. From the NPT perspective, the issues of implementing a complex intervention, its incorporation and optimization of systems showed themselves efficient for the betterment of self-care through the use of technology. It was noticed that the users' self-management of the disease and behavior improved; however, it was pointed out that the help and participation of healthcare professionals in needed for better credibility, persuasion, effectiveness and efficacy of the messages. It should be noted that they are content adjustments to improve literacy indicators.

Assessment of the health status in pharmaceutical workers

Introduction. Pharmaceutical workers (PW) being exposed to adverse physical, chemical, and biological factors are responsible for the performance results and experience psycho-emotional stress. This contributes to the emergence of diseases associated with professional activity, and, therefore, it is necessary to find ways to prevent them. The purpose of the study: assessment of the state of health in the pharmaceutical workers; determination of factors affecting morbidity, search for ways to preserve and strengthen the health in specialists. Materials and methods. To study the health status in PW, data were collected by using the questionnaire method, which made it possible to identify symptoms of diseases of the nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, musculoskeletal, immune, genitourinary, and reproductive systems. The level of anxiety in PW was determined by the method of CD Spielberger. Results. In PW there were found symptoms of diseases of all body systems, but the greatest number of complaints were about disorders of the nervous (25.3%), digestive (18.1%), and respiratory (16.0%) systems. The majority of respondents revealed medium and high levels of situational anxiety as much as 46.7% and 36.5%, respectively. Almost half of the respondents have a high level of personal anxiety. The influence of age and work experience on the health status in PW was noted. The highest level of personal anxiety is observed in women. Situational anxiety is expressed among workers who have bad habits. Employees with high situational anxiety have more symptoms of nervous system diseases. Research limitations. A total of 107 questionnaires were evaluated, when studying the health status of PW in pharmacy organizations. Conclusion. Most PW maintain a healthy lifestyle: they do not have bad habits, follow a healthy diet, have sufficient sleep, and an active lifestyle. However, 80% noted non-compliance with the work-rest balance when performing occupational activities (working). In this regard, it is important to pay attention to the labour optimization, ensuring a favourable socio-psychological climate at work, and the use of relief techniques.

Gastro-educational intervention proposal in the classroom with family recipes: Prevention of cardiovascular risk in adolescent students

Nutritional education is key for disease prevention. This project is based in recovery of traditional family recipes and characterization of ingredients. Therefore, the objective of the study was to elaborate a family recipe, discuss their nutritional value and modify with new ingredients in the context of a healthy diet. The intervention has been carried out in two High School Centers in Elche (Spain). A total of 120 adolescent volunteers (16–19 years of age) participated. Then, students freely prepared recipes at home with their family, indicating ingredients, cooking protocol and taking a picture at the end of the elaboration. Finaly, 54 recipes were selected and analysed according their cholesterol/saturated fat ratio. The hypercholesterolaemic and atherogenic potential was calculated to classify the recipes into three ranges according to cholesterol/saturated fat ratio as high (range: 50–122), medium (18–46) and low (5–12). The intervention proposal intends to inquire about the knowledge that students have about food, gastronomy and health, particularly to their usual diet. The evaluation of knowledge adquisition is made by using a questionnaire available in Kahoot platform and passed at the beginning and at the end of intervention. Through this activity, we intend that students become aware that an unbalanced diet is a bad habit and it can be modified from adolescence, in order to obtain health benefits in the future. The aim is to give information to prevent possible health problems such as cardiovascular disease as working topic of this educational project. In this context, high schools are appropriate environments and teachers are key actors to work on all these aspects.

What about the Use of Ice Cream as a Supplementary Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease? A Case-Control Study.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can extend life expectancy and improve a person's health status. In addition to physical activity and bad habits related to smoking and alcohol, diet is also a determining factor. Following a healthy diet pattern over time and supporting a healthy body weight contributes to reducing the risk of developing more severe complications associated with very common diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans promote the adoption of fat-free or low-fat diets and discourage the consumption of foods with added sugar and solid fats, such as ice creams and other frozen desserts. On the other hand, ice cream, from a nutritional and healthy point of view, can be considered a possible food choice, due to its greater palatability and high nutritional content, but its consumption must be scheduled in a balanced diet. In this retrospective study, 36 patients with chronic renal failure were enrolled. Two different diets were proposed (A and B). In Diet B, lemon sorbet was added twice a week as an alternative food to replace fruit or snacks making the diet more varied and palatable. Nutritional status and biohumoral, immunological, and blood parameters were evaluated after 6 months. A statistical analysis shows a significant inter-group difference in creatinine and azotemia between T0 and T1. Intra-group significant differences were found in lymphocytes (p = 0.005) and azotemia (p < 0.001) in Diet A, and in azotemia (p < 0.001) and transferrin (p < 0.001) in Diet B. The results indicated that ice cream represented a good alternative food in both groups of patients regarding nutritional values and patient satisfaction. Furthermore, the treatment with ice cream allowed for better control of azotemia, maintaining stable levels even in patients with advanced CKD. This study concludes that ice cream could exert beneficial effects in addition to CKD patients' dietary regimens.

Neuropsychocorrection of stress disorders

The article highlights a novel method of psychotherapy, which has a wide range of indications, including pre-nosological manifestations of emotional deficiency, depression, stress disorders of various origins and associated neurotic disorders, personality, behavioral, psychosomatic, and addictive disorders, food addiction (anorexia nervosa and bulimia), psychoactive substance dependence (alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse, smoking), psychological dependence in relation to individuals, as well as bad habits and any other disorders associated with psychogenic factors. We applied neuropsychocorrection as part of a complex of traditional resort treatment (study group) and observed patients in the control group who received only resort treatment. The main indicators when selecting individuals for the study were a high level of anxiety, low mood, emThe statistical data obtained as a result of the study based on the analysis of the dynamics of complaints after the course of neuropsychocorrection indicate a more pronounced stabilization of the psycho-emotional state, a decrease in emotional tension, normalization of sleep, a decrease in the level of anxiety, enhancement in interpersonal relationships, and improvement and stability of mood.otional tension, increased sensitivity to external stimuli, and somatization disorders.

A Narrative Review on the Impact of Smoking on Female Fertility.

Understanding the significant impact of preventable factors, such as lifestyle decisions and bad habits like smoking, on female fertility has received a lot of attention. Pervasive smoking among fertile women is a serious public health concern. Smoking has well-documented negative impacts on general health, but it also has significant consequences on fertility. Many women of reproductive age still smoke, despite a wealth of data elucidating the effects of pregnancy and the health of the fetus as a result of prenatal exposure. This review attempts to investigate the consequences of smoking on female fertility, specifically focusing on how it affects the ovaries, oviducts, and uterus through a thorough examination of numerous studies. Important topics such as ovarian reserve, steroidogenesis, ovulation, controlling the menstrual cycle, oviductal function, uterine receptivity, and implantation will receive extra focus.

Form Perfector

Home-based workouts are known to have significant health and fitness benefits, but it could be dangerous if not performed with proper posture. This could be due to a lack of sufficient training and bad habits, or the inability to afford a personal trainer to fix the individual's posture. With the current Artificial Intelligence technology, we are now able to achieve workout analysis by using computer vision approach without any involvement of personal trainer. This report discussed the approach of keypoint detection, human pose estimation and pose analysis that will be utilized to produce the proposed project through Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology, which will monitor these procedures phase by phase. Pretrained model from MediaPipe was chosen as the main human key point detection, and various machine learning algorithms such as Linear Regression and Random Forest were studied to find the suitable algorithm to be implemented in detecting and analyze home workout postures. Furthermore, this research also studies on geometrical approach to determining proper and improper posture for analysis. These approaches were then compared to see which will produce the best results and user experience. Since machine learning approach does not produce the best result due to lack of training data and variety of other factors, the geometrical approach was chosen as the final approach before implementing it into desktop application. Keyword: Personal Trainer, Keypoint Detection, MediaPipe, Rapid Application Development.

Relationship Between Stress, its Management and Public Well-being in Lithuania: Effect of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors

The aim of the study was to assess the individual stress intensity and its management in Lithuania in the context of public well-being, concentrating on the effects of socio-demographic and clinical factors on stress intensity. To reach the aim, a quantitative study was conducted. 1137 residents of Lithuania participated in the online survey. A visual analogue scale (1–10, VAS) was used to determine stress intensity and management, and the Arizona Integrative Outcome Scale was used to determine the sense of well-being. The research results indicate that 98% of respondents experience stress with an average stress intensity and only 50% of respondents experience a higher-than-average sense of well-being formed by physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual state. The measured relationships between stress, socio-demographic and clinical factors suggest that the marital status, education, profession, nature of work, salary, work experience, duration of work and rest, consequences of COVID-19 have the greatest potential for perceived stress. High-intensity stress is prevalent in Lithuania with moderate management. In the study it was identified, that the main tools for reducing stress are communication with supportive persons, daily regimen and sleep, leisure time for a hobby and rehabilitation, avoiding bad habits, appropriate medical SPA treatments or wellness practices.

Optimized Approach for Heart Disease Prediction by using Enhancing Diagnostic Method through Meta-Features

In today's world, pollution is worsening, and bad habits like not eating regularly, eating lots of junk food, and not exercising enough are becoming more common. This can cause health problems, and the global need for the detection of heart diseases is increasing. The American Heart Association, in 2023, has given an update that heart disease is the leading cause of death. Implementing machine learning models has given significant results, but due to the limitations of requirement balanced data, repeat training model complexity has led to unreliable results in some cases. Hence, the proposed model overcomes the limitations by comparing machine learning models for cardiovascular diseases. Performance of proposed work is evaluated with the base models KNN and DT with and without smooth. Thus, the comparison included increased accuracy in DT, but the proposed model GBM as a meta learner has led the performance metric with 92% accuracy, with recall of 0.89% and F1 score of 0.86%. Thus, the proposed approach has achieved the highest accuracy in cardiovascular diseases using meta-subjects. Future developments for the research will focus on applying the model to a larger dataset and analysing cases according to complex machine learning models.

Features of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior

The subject of the study is the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior. The author reveals the essence of the value of a safe lifestyle through related values, safety, lifestyle, and safe behavior. By the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents, the author understands a subjective attitude to safe behavior, reflecting socio-cultural values, as well as norms and rules concerning a safe existence that must be observed in various life situations. The author defines the components of the value of a safe lifestyle: cognitive, motivational, and regulatory. Social disadvantage leads to the deformation of the image of teenagers, the emergence of deviations, with which they try to change the world around them. The implementation of deviant behavior is becoming more and more spontaneous, without a stable motive and planning. The methods of researching the value of a safe lifestyle were testing, questionnaires, a survey method and a method for diagnosing situations, methods of statistical data processing (2 – Pearson criterion). The novelty of the study is the concretization of the concept of the value of a safe lifestyle, the structure of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents is empirically confirmed, the features of the value of a safe lifestyle of adolescents with deviant behavior are revealed. Based on empirical data, the peculiarities of the formation of the value of a safe lifestyle for adolescents with deviant behavior have been established: adolescents with deviant behavior have insufficiently formed knowledge about safe life, the value of safety is more represented at the level of beliefs, the orientation of motivation to study safe behavior is represented by external positive and negative motives, they do not comply with safety norms and rules in their life. They do not lead an active lifestyle, have bad habits, volitional self-regulation of which is characterized by impulsivity and instability of intentions, low self-control of behavior in various life situations.

Understanding the Role of Differential Reinforcement in Applied Behavior Analysis, to Reduce Thumb-sucking in Children- A Literature Review

The paper attempts to explain how differential reinforcement in applied behavior analysis works in shaping positive behaviors in the daily lives of children. Especially, some behaviors whose function is identified as ‘sensory’, like thumb-sucking are automatically maintained because reinforcement comes merely by engaging in the behavior. Such behaviors which feel good to children, that is appeal to their sensory needs, are hard to get rid of, and they come to be known as ‘bad habits’ in the common language of the world. The objective of the paper is to describe differential reinforcement as it applies to behavior analysis, and establish how the ABA procedure have been successfully implemented to reduce automatically maintained behaviors like thumb-sucking. The method of the paper is a literature review of contemporary researches that describe differential reinforcement in applied behavior analysis and focuses on the strengths and weakness of its core principles. The paper also analyzes a major literature which has implemented DRA as an intervention for reducing thumb-sucking in a 5-year-old girl. From the results, it is evident that DRA can be used as an effective intervention for reducing thumb-sucking behaviors in children.

Implementation of Humanistic Theory in the Development of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan Curriculum at Muhammadiyah Schools

This qualitative research aims to find out what form of implementation of humanistic theory in the development of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan curriculum in Muhammadiyah schools, especially in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In fact, this form of implementation is very important because it can form students to have a high social attitude, mutual respect, foster togetherness and ukhuwah Islamiyah so that education in schools can understand the potential possessed by students not only in the cognitive field but more emphasized in social aspects. This research was conducted at the Muhammadiyah School Yogyakarta and aimed to find out how far the application of this theory has been beneficial to the development of student learning in schools. In fact, educators or teachers in Yogyakarta have more or less applied the theory of humanism related to the development of AIK material to increase students' sense of care with fellow friends and the existing school environment. Conducted in field research, a qualitative approach is used, along with a descriptive approach to try to explain and identify in depth related to how the implementation of theory in learning humanistically by Carl R Rogers about Islamic religious learning with the application of humanism theory in the strategy of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan teachers, especially in responding to students who continue to follow the current times, namely by approach each individual so as not to be too late in bad habits and most importantly is that every teacher in the school teachers of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan in particular provide examples or habituation to behave well in activities in the school environment. This study also uses an ethnomethodological approach related to cases that occurred in the Muhammadiyah School environment in Yogyakarta. The research data was obtained using respondents of a teacher who teaches Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan subjects who have implemented humanistic theory in learning in schools.

Роль нутритивной поддержки при планировании беременности

Aim. The review is devoted to the causes and consequences of nutritional deficiency in the diet of a pregnant woman, as well as the possibilities of its replenishment. It has been proven that insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals during pregnancy is accompanied by a lack of nutrients to the fetus, which can cause obstetric and perinatal complications (such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, FGRS, etc.). In the conditions of the unfavorable demographic situation that currently exists in Russia, the birth of a healthy child is becoming one of the pressing problems. This is due to the entry into the childbearing period of a generation with low health indicators. The portrait of a modern young woman is 2 or more chronic extragenital diseases (arterial hypertension, chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis, anemia), early onset of sexual activity, frequent change of sexual partners (STI infection), refusal to use contraceptives (abortion), underweight, bad habits. The importance of the role of vitamin-mineral complex as an integral part of pre-gravid preparation becomes obvious. Material and methods. To write this review, a search was carried out for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 25 years. The review included articles from the peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review presents research data on the importance of using micronutrient support drugs before, during and after pregnancy. Conclusion. Thus, at the present stage, prenatal preparation is distinguished by an integrated approach and promotes the onset of pregnancy with optimal indicators, prevents the development of gestational complications, improves perinatal outcomes, and, accordingly, improves the health of the offspring as a whole.

Analysis Of Risk Factors For Hypoxic Damages Of Newborn`S Central Nervous System

Currently, perinatal damage to the central nervous system of newborns occupies an important place in the structure of pathology of young children, which is associated with high prevalence, severity of clinical manifestations and the risk of disability formation. The purpose of our study was to determine the significance of risk factors for the development and to develop criteria for the severity of hypoxic-ischemic CNS damage in newborns. We examined 120 newborns with moderate to severe perinatal CNS damage. The examination consisted of the collection of maternal history, which included information on somatic and gynecological diseases, the course of this pregnancy, childbirth, general clinical examination methods, examination of a newborn with an assessment of somatic and neurological status. The results of the study showed that modifying risk factors for the development of moderate perinatal encephalopathy are the threat of miscarriage, toxicosis, the age of the mother over 35 years old, moderate anemia, acute upper respiratory tract infections, gynecological pathology, taking antifungal drugs, rapid and protracted childbirth, weak birth activity. We also found that the modifying risk factors for the development of severe perinatal encephalopathy are stillbirth, bad habits in the father, closely related marriage, obesity, chronic foci of infection, acute bacterial infectious diseases, urogenital infection, NSAIDs, rapid and protracted childbirth, chronic fetal hypoxia.

Gambaran Kebiasaan Pola Makan pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK)

This study aims to determine the dietary habits of pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency (CHD) at Puskesmas Leles Garut Regency. This research method is descriptive-quantitative by involving 31 pregnant women experiencing first, second, and third trimester SEZ in the age range of 20-35 years at Puskesmas Leles Garut Regency with total sampling. The results showed that 22.6% had bad dietary habits, and 77.4% had good dietary habits. In conclusion, only a small proportion of pregnant women have bad dietary habits because they do not pay attention to the frequency of eating and drinking. Keywords: Chronic Lack Of Energy (CED), Dietary Habits, Pregnant Women

Анализ нарушений функции гипофизарно-гонадной регуляции у пациентов с наличием новообразований яичек.

Introduction. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) is the most important part of the hormonal system that controls testicular function in men. It is known that testicular neoplasms (TN) can disrupt the regulation of HPG due to the occurrence of hormonal imbalance. However, changes in HPG in patients with TN have been little studied, especially before the start of treatment. Aim: to assess the degree of hormonal disorders affecting HPG in men with TN before treatment. Material and methods. The study included 49 patients with newly diagnosed TN. The concentration of total testosterone (T), free testosterone (cT), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and prolactin (PRL), as well as tumor markers (β-HCG, AFP) were measured in all men; the body mass index (BMI), tumor size, bad habits and surgical history (treatment of cryp- torchidism, varicocele) were evaluated. Clinically significant T deficiency (DT) was defined as the level of total T &lt;8 nmol/l or the level of T in the range of 8-12.1 nmol/l, taking into account free T &lt;243 pmol/L. Results. There were statistically significant differences in hormone levels between patients with normal 30 (61,2%) and high 19 (38,8%) values of cancer markers (p&lt;0,05). A high concentration of β-hCG was associated with a decrease in the level of FSH and LH below normal values (p&lt;0,001) and an increase in the level of total T (p=0.019), cT (p=0,01) and E2 (p=0,003) compared with patients without hypertension. an increase in this cancer marker. Laboratory signs of DT were found in 15 (30,6%) patients, mostly with normal β-hCG values (p=0,025). However, a causal relationship was not established due to a small sample in this subgroup. The probability of developing DT in men with a history of cryptorchidism (22,4%) was 6,56 times higher (95% CI: 1,532 – 28,120; p=0,021). Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between LH (p=-0,351; p=0,014), FSH (p=-0,3; p=0,041), E2 (p=0,323; p=0,03) and tumor size. When analyzing hormone levels depending on age, smoking and BMI, no statistically significant differences were obtained (p&gt;0,05). Conclusion. Abnormalities in HPG were detected in 30% of patients with TN before treatment. One third of the men had laboratory signs of DT. Further studies involving more patients are required to develop practical recommendations.