Роль нутритивной поддержки при планировании беременности

Abstract

Aim. The review is devoted to the causes and consequences of nutritional deficiency in the diet of a pregnant woman, as well as the possibilities of its replenishment. It has been proven that insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals during pregnancy is accompanied by a lack of nutrients to the fetus, which can cause obstetric and perinatal complications (such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, FGRS, etc.). In the conditions of the unfavorable demographic situation that currently exists in Russia, the birth of a healthy child is becoming one of the pressing problems. This is due to the entry into the childbearing period of a generation with low health indicators. The portrait of a modern young woman is 2 or more chronic extragenital diseases (arterial hypertension, chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis, anemia), early onset of sexual activity, frequent change of sexual partners (STI infection), refusal to use contraceptives (abortion), underweight, bad habits. The importance of the role of vitamin-mineral complex as an integral part of pre-gravid preparation becomes obvious. Material and methods. To write this review, a search was carried out for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 25 years. The review included articles from the peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review presents research data on the importance of using micronutrient support drugs before, during and after pregnancy. Conclusion. Thus, at the present stage, prenatal preparation is distinguished by an integrated approach and promotes the onset of pregnancy with optimal indicators, prevents the development of gestational complications, improves perinatal outcomes, and, accordingly, improves the health of the offspring as a whole.