Baby Boom Generation Research Articles

시니어 창업의 내·외적 동기가 창업의지와 창업행동에 미치는 영향

According to the 2023 Statistics Korea survey, the elderly population aged 65 or older in Korea accounted for 18.4% (approximately 9.5 million) of the total population. The working elderly population aged 65 or older (as of 2022) also reached 36.2%, which is a 6.1p% increase from 30.1% in 2012, 10 years ago (Statistics Korea, 2023). In particular, Korea has the highest elderly employment rate among OECD countries (Cho, 2023). Due to the aging population, various social problems are emerging, such as the burden of support and welfare costs for the elderly, but in particular, the employment problem of retirees is becoming a serious issue due to the full-scale retirement of the baby boomer generation (Curran, Blackburn, 2001; Choi, 2015). Therefore, this study aimed to derive and empirically analyze the internal and external motivations that affect seniors’ entrepreneurial will and entrepreneurial behavior in a dilemma situation where they have to make a decision between senior reemployment and entrepreneurship after retirement. The results of the study showed that the key factor affecting senior entrepreneurial will was internal motivation (Innovativeness, Risk Taking, and Technological capability), and this internal motivation ultimately led to actual entrepreneurial behavior. Based on these results, implications were suggested for establishing and supporting entrepreneurship support policies related to senior entrepreneurship, and the limitations of the study were presented.

Partnership or battle

University libraries live and change through interaction with the scientific community or without essential interaction they fail to evolve and grow. This article studies the effects of collaboration between professors and librarians on the strategic development of libraries, especially during times of crisis. This study was conducted at the University of Helsinki (established in 1640). It is based mostly on historical sources, such as the annual reports of the university and faculties, and documents outlining plans and decisions. The first crisis phase took place in the 1820s, when a fire destroyed academic collections and facilities and the university was relocated from Turku to Helsinki. A conflict arose between the contemporary needs of the scientific community and the need for a main library to replace the collections. Another upheaval was caused by the growing need for services for the post-war baby boomer generation. Nationwide library planning aimed for the creation of a separate national library and for merging faculty libraries with the main library. The third crisis phase involved the Finnish economic crisis of the 1990s and the digital revolution that continued into the 2000s. Solutions were sought through cooperation between the academic leadership, library management and personnel. The crisis led to the organisation of library services into two large entities. The success of extensive changes in academic libraries is one of the key questions in management. The crisis periods under examination show that significant reforms are only possible through close partnerships between the library, the research community and academic decision-makers.

A Study on the Preferred Factors of Elderly Welfare Housing in the Baby Boomer Generation in Super-Aged Society

A Study on the Preferred Factors of Elderly Welfare Housing in the Baby Boomer Generation in Super-Aged Society

Intersectionality and Feminist Theory: A Framework for Understanding and Teaching Social Construct and Healthcare Policy

The continuing nursing shortage throughout the United States has affected all aspects of the healthcare sector, particularly nursing leadership. As the Baby Boomer generation of nurses retires, the profession is primed to need more experience, advocacy, and leadership. This leaves a critical gap for leaders who identify with and are wise to the factors that influence the dynamic power relationships inherent to American history. As the country continues to become increasingly diverse, women and minorities in leadership continue to be underrepresented. In one of the most significant threats to women’s health, the recent overturning of the Supreme Court landmark case, Roe v. Wade, has highlighted the marginalization of women and people of color that is deeply embedded in the nation’s history. The lack of women and minorities in leadership positions in healthcare that has resulted from vast power imbalances, gender stereotyping, discrimination, and patriarchal structures must be addressed. Intersectionality theory offers a lens through which to understand these factors of power for all nurses. Nurse leaders can understand complex social constructs and be prepared to address power relationships that inform healthcare policy.

Examining Differences in Health-Related Technology Use between Millennial and Older Generations of Caregivers.

Caregivers from the Millennial generation are an emerging and understudied group of unpaid care providers in America who may benefit from digitally delivered support. To inform the design/tailoring of interventions for this group, we aimed to understand how Millennials may differ from other generations of caregivers regarding digital health-related technology use. Using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), Version 6, we conducted a cross-sectional study comparing health technology access and use across four generations of unpaid caregivers (n = 545; Millennials, Gen X, Baby Boomers, and Silent Generation) of adults with chronic conditions using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests. Compared to Baby Boomer and Silent Generation caregivers, Millennial caregivers more frequently reported having a cellular internet connection, using a wearable activity device, a health/wellness mobile application, choosing telehealth appointments for convenience, and most frequently used social media in general and to view health-related videos (ps < 0.005). Additionally, Millennials were more likely to report possessing a smartphone (compared to Gen X and Silent Generation) and more frequently used social media for peer interaction about health (compared to all older generations; ps < 0.005). Millennials differ from older generations of caregivers regarding health-related technology access and use, which may have implications for intervention design and tailoring.

고령사회 노인문화정책의 변화 고찰 및 과제

In 2025, South Korea is projected to enter a super-aged society with 20.6% of its population aged 65 and older. The Baby Boomer generation, which will constitute a significant portion of this aged society, values cultural needs, independence, and the identity of being a free and active participant in society. Thus, understanding the characteristics of an aging society and the new senior is essential, and policy responses based on this understanding are necessary. This study explains the policy lag phenomenon in cultural policies for an aging society, based on Thomas Kuhn's paradigm theory and the path dependency theory of new institutionalism. It demonstrates that the cultural policies for an aging society have not adequately responded to the aging population, using the low birth rate and aging society policies and senior cultural programs as case studies. The study found that society has shifted to an aging society centered on the Baby Boomer generation, which has high cultural activity demands. Despite the shift in social paradigms, the transition from senior policies to the “Basic Plan for Low Fertility and Aging Society” did not prioritize the fulfillment of cultural needs, but rather continued to focus primarily on employment policies, as seen in previous welfare policies. It was difficult to find policies implemented from the perspective of cultural activities for seniors in the first Basic Plan, and even in the second and third supplementary plans, the emphasis was predominantly on senior employment. Additionally, the budget for the representative senior cultural policy, the Senior Culture Program, decreased steadily from approximately 4.6 billion KRW in 2016 to 2.5 billion KRW in 2022, with the number of programs reducing from 391 in 2016 to 163 in 2023. This study, which highlights the changes in an aging society and the current state of senior cultural policies, can be used to develop policies that enhance the quality of life in an aging society. Moreover, it suggests the need for more detailed research to create more segmented cultural policies that address specific age groups and genders, rather than policies targeting everyone aged 65 and older as a single group.

A study on latent profile typing and influencing factors according to the baby boomer generation’s motivation to participate in economic activities after retirement - Focusing on Busan -

A study on latent profile typing and influencing factors according to the baby boomer generation’s motivation to participate in economic activities after retirement - Focusing on Busan -

The alpha generation in the face of learning technologies

Different generations have different characteristics. The Baby Boomers Generation presents linear reasoning, following all stages of learning. Generation X adapts easily to technology. Generation Z, born in the late 90s and early 2000s, is the first to be born in a mostly digital and connected era. The Alpha Generation, made up of children born since 2010, was also born in the digital era, but their relationship with technology is much greater, as its use is intuitive. This bibliographical study aims to highlight the profile of the Alpha generation, its characteristics and its conduct towards the educational process, as well as the teaching and learning process of this new generation, which is characterized by immersion in digital technologies, investigating the emotional and social presence in it. The study shows that school spaces, public and private, must invest in technological resources and specialized professionals to promote quality education through digital media, as it will be imperative that new generations, from Alpha onwards, will be increasingly immersed in the context of digital technology.

Leadership transition: Challenges faced by millennial leaders in leading multigenerational employees at a service company in Surabaya

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find out what challenges are faced by millennial leaders and the efforts made in carrying out their role as new company leaders, where the employees currently working at the company are multi-generational. Method: Qualitative study approach using a phenomenological approach. Result: Generational transition in a company where the gap between generations is quite large and causes internal conflict which has an impact on the company's internal condition. A leadership transition occurred in a service company in Surabaya where the previous leader was from the baby boomer generation who was then replaced by a leader from the millennial generation. Baby boomer leaders who have a command and control leadership style cause internal conflict which has an impact on low levels of engagement and several employees decide to resign from Company X due to differences in viewpoints between generations. Company X has multi-generational employees. The new leader of Company X, the millennial leader, must start leading the company under conditions that are far from ideal. However, the millennial leader succeeded in overcoming this problem and made Company X employees more productive and positive by adopting a transformational leadership style. Conclusion: The subject tends to apply a transformational and adaptive leadership style. Not only that, the main principle possessed by the participant, where the participant always tries to serve and help his team members well, makes him can be said to be a leader who has the servant leader type.

An Exploration of the Latent Profiles of Marriage Values Across Generations and the Influencing Factors: Gender, Family Strengths, and Self-Determination

The purpose of this study was to conduct Latent Profile Analysis to identify the types of marriage values within each generation and explore the influence of gender, family health, and self-determination on each type. This study was conducted as an online survey through social networking sites (SNS) for the Second Generation of Baby Boomers (1965~1974), Generation X (1975~1984), Generation Y (1985~1996), and Generation Z (1997~2003). A total of 1,114 copies were used for the final analysis. Latent Profile Analysis was conducted using Mplus ver. 8.8 software to identify the types of marriage values within each generation and explore the influence of gender, family health, and self-determination on each type. The significance of this study lies in the identification of a group in each generation that holds ambivalent values about marriage. Additionally, we identified differences between gender and self-determination as variables that affect marriage values, excluding family variables. Therefore, it is significant to understand marriage values by considering generational characteristics. Based on this, it is believed that it can provide a basis for education and counseling programs related to marriage, reflecting the important variables unique to each generation.

Utopias for Boomers: religion, psychology, and sovereignty in the long sixties

ABSTRACT This article discusses the intertwining of religion and politics in utopian imaginaries against the backdrop of Robert Yelle’s recent theoretical reflections on the relationship between the ‘sacred’ and Carl Schmitt’s idea of a ‘state of exception.’ It argues that in utopian imaginaries, the convergence of the religious and political domains becomes apparent in the postulation of an antinomian ‘Archimedean point of view’ that provides a foundation from which the new social reality can be represented and legitimized. To illustrate this thesis, the article compares the utopian imaginaries put forward in the Long Sixties by three academic psychologists – B.F. Skinner, Timothy Leary, and Abraham Maslow – who provided visions of the ideal future to the Baby Boomer generation. The article shows that despite their different understandings of both the nature of the human psyche and the ideal social order, all three authors base their projects on a form of antinomian sovereignty.

Generational Differences in Urban Identity: Eskişehir

Cities are regarded as spaces of co-production of the social sphere, leaving diverse imprints on the memory and discourse of individuals within society. This study investigates these differences by categorizing them according to generations, focusing on the components of urban identity as perceived, lived, transformed, and interacted with by different generations within the city. The aim is to uncover the type of identity the city offers to various generations and the generation-oriented breakpoints in the production of collective memory. This research is intertwined with themes of urban politics, urban memory, and urban-public space, providing an opportunity to not only observe the generation gap but also to discern the distinct dynamics of the city. It underscores the importance of considering the generation gap in the city's collective accumulation and urban politics. The study draws on data from in-depth interviews with 12 participants, comprising three individuals from each of the X, Y, Z, and Baby Boomer generations, all of whom were born, raised, and currently reside in Eskişehir. Through an examination of factors such as age, upbringing, and life experiences, the research delves into how these elements shape individuals' senses of identity and attachment to the urban environment. Additionally, it explores how generational perspectives influence attitudes towards urban development, cultural identity, and community engagement in Eskişehir. By delving into these aspects, the study aims to provide deeper insights into how generational differences manifest within the context of urban identity in this specific city.

Income inequality between local-born Chinese and mainland migrant adults in Hong Kong: a comparison of baby boom and millennial generations

We explored how the three major trends evident in the labor market since the 1970s (narrowing gender inequality, increased enrollment in higher education, occupational inequality) are related to income differences between the baby boom and millennial generations in Hong Kong, a major city in East Asia. We have incorporated analysis that examines the differences between local-born individuals and migrants in order to highlight a significant feature of Hong Kong society. Using the Hong Kong census for 1991 and 2016, we showed that from 1991 to 2016, the income gap between local-born Chinese and migrants widened substantially between millennials and baby boomers. RIF regression analysis and the decomposition based on the RIF regression results show that the three major social trends are related to the incomes of young adult baby boomers and millennials in Hong Kong in different ways. These patterns also vary by high and lower-income groups.

The Mediating Effect of Affective Commitment on the Relationship between Competence Development and Turnover Intentions: Does This Relationship Depend on the Employee’s Generation?

The main objective of this investigation was to study the effect of organizational competency development practices on turnover intentions and whether affective commitment explains this relationship. Another of the study’s objectives was to test whether these relationships vary according to the generation to which the participant belongs. The study sample consisted of 2123 participants working in Portuguese organizations. The results indicate that organizational competency development practices (training, individualized support, and functional rotation) negatively and significantly affect turnover intentions and that affective commitment mediates this relationship. However, these relationships vary according to the participant’s generation. For Generation Y and Generation X, this mediating effect is found in all dimensions of organizational competency development practices. For the baby boomer generation, there is only a mediating effect of affective commitment in the relationship between individualized support and turnover intentions. These results indicate that human resources should consider the generation to which the participant belongs when implementing competency development practices.

Are Consumers Equally Willing to Pay More for Brands That Aim for Sustainability, Positive Societal Contribution, and Inclusivity as for Brands That Are Perceived as Exclusive? Generational, Gender, and Country Differences

This study explores consumer preferences for brands that emphasize sustainability and inclusivity, and for brands perceived as exclusive and trendy. Consumer data obtained via a large-scale survey involving 24,798 participants across 20 countries and one special administrative region (SAR) are used to understand how willingness to pay (WTP) for these brand types varies globally, accounting for demographic factors like generation, gender, and country. A substantial body of literature highlights growing consumer interest in brands that stand for sustainability and inclusivity, challenging traditional notions that luxury and exclusivity primarily drive brand value. Despite persistent skepticism among some business executives about consumers’ actual versus claimed willingness to spend more for sustainable and inclusive brands, academics and commercial researchers increasingly signal a shift in purchasing behavior that is influenced by socio-ecological factors. This research aims to provide empirical data on consumer WTP across different demographics and countries/regions, thereby contributing to academic discussions and offering insights for managerial decision making. The study frames its investigation around four research questions, to explore how consumers’ WTP for exclusive and inclusive brands varies across generations, genders, and countries/regions. It employs a robust methodological approach, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data. This ensures that the constructs of brand inclusiveness and exclusivity are comparable across diverse cultural contexts. Significant gender, generational, and country/region differences are observed. When comparing generations, the findings indicate that GenZ consumers have a higher WTP for sustainable/inclusive brands (compared to older, GenX, and Baby Boomer generations). Similar patterns are found when considering WTP for exclusive, on-trend brands. In terms of gender, women are observed to have a higher WTP for sustainable/inclusive brands, but a lower WTP for exclusive, on-trend brands compared to men. Finally, compared to consumers originating from certain European countries, we find that consumers living in certain Asian countries/regions have a significantly higher WTP for inclusive and sustainable brands, as well as for exclusive/on-trend brands. The study underscores the complexities of consumer behavior in the global market, highlighting the coexistence of traditional preferences for exclusive, trendy brands and preferences for brands that embrace sustainability and inclusivity.

Sexual Expression in Long-Term Care Institutions: Are We Ready for the Baby Boomer Generation?

Baby boomers were at the forefront of profound social changes in sexual attitudes and many have expressed a desire to remain sexually active throughout their life course. The purpose of this survey study was to assess the perceived preparedness of Ontario's long-term care (LTC) homes to meet the changing sexuality needs and expectations of LTC residents. We examined sexuality-related attitudes, including in the context of dementia, among 150 LTC administrators. Participants also completed a questionnaire assessing their experiences and perceptions regarding existing and anticipated supports, barriers, and priorities. Most participants demonstrated positive sexual attitudes; however, multiple challenges to meeting residents' sexuality needs were noted, including assessing capacity to consent, limited privacy, staff training, conflicting attitudes, and a lack of adequate policy and guidelines. Challenges are broad and significant and considerable attention is required to meet the expectations of the next generation of LTC residents, including gender and sexual minority elders.

A study of facilities offered by various Aqua Tourism Destinations in Nagpur City

Nagpur is also popularly called the Orange City; it is the second largest city in Maharashtra. Aqua tourism destinations in Nagpur are one that features water play areas, such as swimming pools, water slides, splash pads, spray grounds (water playgrounds), lazy rivers, or other recreational bathing, swimming, and bare footing environments. Their demand has increased due to facilities that offer indoor/outdoor attractions and amusements. Visitors to a water park will travel up to 25% of the time they plan to spend at the water park. The young and pre-teen age groups are the target market for water parks. The study has been conducted through observation method concerning directly with the objective of the study which was a unique experience of sailing or cruising to explore destinations of water tourism in Nagpur city. This descriptive research is done through SWOT analysis that is analysing and determining their Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Treats. The conclusion of the study the key success of the aqua tourism destinations are its safety and security appeal for a family vacation. These destinations may also need to be equipped with some type of artificial surfing or boarding environment such as a wave pool flow rider. It is a facility for enjoying a pool and related water features, and it is sometimes referred to as a leisure space with various recreational facilities. This growth might bringthe First, they offer a relatively high level of safety and security that appeal to guests for aquatic recreation. Second, take advantage of their primary appeal to children and teens. Water parks are increasing their appeal to the aging baby-boomer generation by not only providing entertainment options for children and grandchildren, but by providing older adults with access to hydrotherapy, aquatic fitness, and spa services. The key success of the aqua tourism destinations are its safety and security appeal for a family vacation. Keywords: Tourism, Aqua-Tourism Destination, SWOT-Analysis, Water park, Boarding environment, Recreational facilities.

Indonesian Consumer Complaint Behavior Based on Ethnic Groups and Generations

Complaint behavior is a response to consumer dissatisfaction after using goods or services. This study aimed to examine the effect of ethnicity and people’s generations on consumer complaint behavior in Indonesia. The variables used were complaint behavior, ethnicity, and generations. The study collected and analyzed 2,100 items of data using descriptive analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. The findings showed that consumers in Indonesia rarely complain when disappointed with sellers. Generation Y and the Buginese complained more often than other consumer groups. Furthermore, the results showed significant differences in complaint behavior, based on ethnicity and generation. This study also revealed that complaint behavior was significantly influenced by ethnicity and the baby boomer generation.

Burnout: Historical Background, Concepts, Methodological Problems, Prevention And Different Perspectives On A Striking Phenomenon

Burnout, historically the successor to neurasthenia, is considered an exhaustion phenomenon caused by prolonged work-related stress. The very concept of "being burned out" implies an image that is immediately understandable and concise to any layperson. Academic psychiatry and psychology pose conceptual challenges to this popular model, which was first published in 1974 by the German-American psychotherapist Herbert Freudenberger. To date, more than 140 definitions of burnout have been proposed. All of the main features of burnout, especially the experience of exhaustion, are non-specific. Various burnout development models have been proposed, which were assumed to represent a quasi-natural process. None could be confirmed empirically. An expert consensus on the diagnostic criteria and conceptual classification, whether as an independent disorder or as a risk condition, could not be achieved. Nevertheless, burnout is classified as a work-related disorder in the ICD-11. Current findings indicate that the experience of burnout among members of the baby boomer generation often reflects their high performance expectations of themselves, while the identical subjective feeling in Generation Z is often associated with missing or unsustainable professional goals. The research on the burnout phenomenon, which largely ignores the fact that burnout - in the absence of reliable diagnostic criteria - must be considered a subjective model, meets social expectations but does not meet scientific criteria. A parallel recording of ICD/DSM diagnoses and subjective disorder models is recommended in everyday therapeutic practice in order to meet the needs of both sides.

A Commentary on Strengths-Based Nursing and Healthcare (SBNH) and SBNH Leadership.

The global social upheaval caused by the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with the peak of the last wave of the baby boom generation moving into their sixties, quickly wreaking havoc among workforces and economies around the world. Canada's health system was no exception, and as demands for care far exceeded the capacity to deliver it, chaos, a frenetic pace and fear permeated every corner of healthcare within weeks.