Azerbaijani Language Research Articles

AUTO STEMMING OF AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE

One of important features in natural language processing is to find the root of a word. Stemming means to remove prefixes, suffixes, and infixes for finding the root of the word. Its aims are about to information retrieval, exploring text, machine for translation, and word look up based on its root. Stemming increases document retrieval by 10-50% in most of international languages, it also compresses the size of web-based table indexes documents up to 50%. In this paper, by analyzing stemming approaches, using structural methods, and deterministic finite automaton machine, applying 274 existing prefixes in language (linkage), a stemming system for Azerbaijani language is generated. Experimental result demonstrates that the proposed algorithm performs more than 97% accuracy.

The differential sems in common lexical units in azerbaijani language dialects together with modern turkic languages

The dialects of the Azerbaijani language are rich with the grammatical and lexical materials that form a partnership with the lexical, grammatical structure of modern Turkic languages. Some lexicalsemantic features belonging to the Azerbaijani language dialects used in modern Turkic literary language are important in terms of investigating the features of the structure of the modern language in dialects, monitoring the historical development of language units. Though some specific features of Azerbaijani dialects are not observed in the modern Azerbaijani language, they are widely used as literary language in the modern Turkish language. The facts of dialect in common with modern Turkish language include parts of speech at the grammatical level, general and special grammatical categories, as well as grammatical functionality, vocabulary and other areas of verbal and verbal communicators. According to the meaning functionality of the words, there are common features among the dialects of the Azerbaijani language and the modern Turkish literary language, some dialect words remain the same as in modern Turkish literary language or change in meaning. Becoming differential is completed with the formation of sems within the meaning. The sems belonging to the meaning structure of the common word are represented in various forms of language (in dialects and literary Turkish). The commonality of Azerbaijani dialects and the modern Turkish literary language lexicon are connected with a number of reasons. The first reason arises from the generality of the origin of both language variants. The commonality of origin shows itself among the dialects of the Azerbaijani language and other Turkic languages. However, on the background of geographical proximity and cultural-historical relations “the isograph” belonging to the comparable language forms are more noticeable. In addition to the same meaning as the common words the motivation also combines similarities. The similar motivation sometimes happens due to the breadth of the meaning of the word. In other words, the meaning of the word in the dialect lexicon, along with (or in contrast to) the meaning in the Turkish language, manifests itself in several meanings. The word “zindiq” (“giaour”, “infidel”, “pagan”) in both language forms is characterized by negative concept. In the modern Turkish language, the word “zindik” means “giaour”, while in the Azerbaijani language it means different meanings such as “quarreler”, “shortish”, “impudent fellow”, “shameless”.

О некоторых особенностях морфологического способа образования технических терминов в русском и азербайджанском языках

Introduction . Word - formation in the Russian and Azerbaijani languages і s the main tools for enrichment of vocabulary, which reflects the picture of the status of the language: the richer and more multifarious the vocabulary, the richer and more developed the language is. Р urpose of the article is to disclose and analyze peculiarities of w ord - formation in the Russian and Azerbaijani languages. М ethods of the analysis, synthesis, abstraction are used in the article. Results. In modern Russian there are the following types of word formation of nouns: suffixal, prefixal, and prefixal-suffixal. Technical terms are formed accordingly on the same models. There are no prefixes in the Azerbaijani language; nouns formed in Russian by either prefix or prefix and suffix are morphologically formed according to the grammatical structure of the Azerbaijani language. Originality . Since the grammatical structure of the language and its basic vocabulary form the basis of the language, the essence of its specifics, the laws of modern Russian word formation, including terminology, are closely related to both the grammatical structure of the Russian language and its inherent grammatical categories and form, and with the lexical, (vocabulary) system of the Russian language, with its main vocabulary and vocabulary as a whole in their interaction. Conclusion . The study of the suffix word-formation of nouns in the Russian language and affixal word-formation in the Azerbaijani language shows that from the basics of simple verbs, for example: yazmaq (write), qazmaq (drill), bicmək (znat, reap) nouns affix –ci, -ci, -cu, -cu, but after the formation of nominal bases with other affixes, for example: qazimaci (driller), qoruq-cu (guard), bicinci (reaper).

Rus ada dialekti Azərbaycan toponimiyasının mənbəyi kimi

The article deals with the vocabulary of the Russian island dialect that takes an active part in the formation of toponyms of the region. The words borrowed from the Azerbaijani language (geographical nomens, anthroponyms) take part in the Russian toponymy. It is noted that despite the levelling of the Russian dialect, considerable renaming the Russian toponyms will remain in the linguoculturological space of Azerbaijan as the historical monuments.

Полисемия в авиационной терминологии

It is known that events in society affect the language. As a result of these changes, we are observing an update of terms and a replenishment of the vocabulary of the language. As we know, modern English is a world-famous, prestigious, recognized spoken language of the international level. Emerging technical innovations, scientific discoveries, international contacts of scientists contribute to the emergence of new terms. The article reveals the main sources and methods of the formation of ambiguous terms in the aviation terminology of the English and Azerbaijani languages. In addition, the relevance of the study of aviation terminology is determined. The article provides a brief overview of the interpretations and definitions of the concept of polysemy, proposed by authoritative terminologists. Understanding polysemy as a cognitive mechanism and understanding the role of nomination in term formation contribute to an increase in the number of ambiguous terms. Here, links were made to the opinions of prominent linguists of the polysemy. Depending on the context and lexical environment, most of the words of common vocabulary can change their meaning, semantics. It is pointed out that in the English aviation, the terms are translated into Azerbaijani with two, three, four or more meanings and confirmed by examples, namely, phrases or even whole sentences that illuminate one or another meaning of a multi-valued word. Accordingly, in a specific situation, the terminology must be accurate and correctly understood. Polysemy in the English language can create difficulties, but if we understand the essence of the discourse, we can memorize as separate words as whole expressions.

Неглагольные соматические компоненты в современном азербайджанском языке

Introduction . Somatic components that are closely related to the meaning and grammatical aspects are structurally stable. Somatic components cover most of the phraseological connections. One of the sides of somatic components is the phraseological units that are formed by the names of the members of the body . Р urpose of the article is to disclose and analyze peculiarities of non-verbal somatic components in modern Azerbaijan language . М ethods of the analysis, synthesis, abstraction are used in the article. Results. Many world linguists have put forward a number of different views in terms of the structure of phraseology. However, they did not put forward a fundamentally different point of view. In general, somatic components do not differ from the structure of free phrases and sentences. Thus, a somatic phraseological combination of somatic phraseological units bearing the nature of the phrase and meaning can be called somatic phraseological sentences expressing the idea of a somatic phraseological unit expressing a constructive sentence. Originality. In general, somatic components do not differ from the structure of free phrases and sentences. Thus, a somatic phraseological unit, a combination of somatic phraseological units bearing the nature of the phrase and meaning, can be called somatic phraseological sentences expressing the idea of a somatic phraseological unit expressing a constructive sentence. Conclusion . Most of the somatic components used in the Azerbaijani language are derived from a somatic word, mainly by combining two, three, four or more words in different syntactic relations. The main feature that distinguishes non-verbal somatic components from verbal somatic components is that they consist of the names of the particles that make them up.

The concept of “Age” and its idiomatic representation in the Azerbaijani, English and Russian languages

The concept of “Age” and its idiomatic representation in the Azerbaijani, English and Russian languages

Azərbaycan dilindəki bəzi antroponimlər və fitonimlər barədə

This article deals with the role of the authroponyms meaning and content. It is noted that there are insignificant words which are taken place in the authroponymic system of the Azerbaijani language. In addition, it is considered reasonable studying of phytonyms system of the Azerbaijani language and printing dictionaries for this area.

Etnonimik oykonimlər

In the area of Georgia, there are enough oykonims that formed on the basis of Turkish tribes names and most of these toponims are etnotoponims. In this region, most of the toponims that formed on the basis of antroponims, are connected to the Azerbaijani language. So, in different ages of history, Azerbaijani Turkish people settled down the certain of the settlements in the area of Georgia and they gave unique, special names to these lands and their properties, so that. Their analysis in the lexicon-semantic direction has an especial importance. In the article, etoponims with as/az, tub/tubo/tobel/tebel, dükər/duker/düyər/dügər components are being researched.

Peşə, məşğuliyyət bildirən leksik vahidlər əsasında yaranan etnonimlər

Ethnonyms are one of the most interesting, important and necessary directions of Azerbaijani onomasticism. Ethnonyms contain valuable information about the history of the people. Ethnonyms among onomastic units are considered one of the most ancient and stable lexical units of the language. They retain linguistic information related to the history of the language; the article examines ethnonyms formed on the basis of artistic and professional expressions of Azerbaijan, such as Yurdu, Sabunchu, Shatyr, Kepenekchi, Eherchi, as well as toponyms formed on their basis. These onomastic units were created in differrent periods of history. Some of the oldest names of the professions found in the ethnonym involved in the study are archaic from the point of view of the modern Azerbaijani language. Their significance can be explained only when referring to the sources of modern Turkic dialects and dialects. So far, some studies have been conducted on ethnonymy in Azerbaijani onomasticism. However, although some linguistic research is being carried out in this area, many problems remain to be solved. One of the tasks before them is to collect ethnonyms, give them a scientific explanation and determine the range of distribution.

Müasir azərbaycan dilində somatik komponentli onomastik vahidlər

Onomastic units associated with the language of the people, the origins of language, etymology is one of the word groups that enrich lexicon. There are enough onomastic units in modern Azerbaijani language. During our research, we have determined that body names, somatic expressions that form an ancient layer of our tongue plays an important role in the formation of onomastic units, too.

Xızır antroponimi haqqında

Each object has its own identity, name in life, which separate it from the others. Some of the names were similar nature and are granted animate and inanimate beings. A number of animate as well as some inanimate beings are given specific names that distinguishes them from other animate and inanimate beings, these names are considered specific names. In modern Azerbaijani language specific names which considered onomastic units is given only specific items and always written with a capital letter. A special name from the names, place names, names of objects being studied as hidronimlər water and shelter - individuals - anthroponomy in linguistics. So specific names are studied in linguistics as anthroponymy-names given to individuals, toponyms- place names, hidronims - names of water objects. In this article are spoken about the mythical image of the Khizira, etymological root of this special name is disclosed.

Language contacts of Azerbaijani and Kazakh turkic languages (on the basic of Azerbaijanian dialectologist, academician Mammadaga Shiraliyev’s creative works)

Turkic literary languages or dialects have very long common roots, and despite various political and geographical differences, these native languages have preserved their ancient roots, vocabulary, grammatical structure, and phonetic features. Even today, the carriers of these languages can easily understand each other in a common language. Dialectological studies while speaking of the phonetic features of Turkish dialects and language varieties traditionally refer to both vowel and consonant displacements and phonetic laws. The works, monographs and articles written by scholars of Turkic peoples are also mentioned when we talk about the idea of forming a common Turkic language in our modern age. M. Shiraliyev correctly points out that on the one hand our ancient written monuments, works of our writers of the past, and on the other hand materials of the Turkic languages, help to identify phonetic events and to refine their forms. In this regard, the works of the great Azerbaijani dialectologist and Turkish scientist, academician Mammadaga Shirali oglu Shiraliyev are of great importance. The researcher made a number of words that are typical for the Turkic languages and dialects, giving a comparatively phonetic explanation. The scientist has researched specific phonetic phenomena and laws in the dialects and varieties of the Azerbaijani language and has also touched upon the integration of Kazakh language and dialects when it comes to location. M. Shiraliyev did not exclude the specific features of the numerous words used in dialects and dialects of the Azerbaijani language, compared with the literary language and dialects of the Kazakh Turkish, revealed the similarities and differences with the skills of a true dialectologist. Here, too, there were positive results.It is also clear that not only Azerbaijani dialectologists, linguists, but also world Turkology scholars have benefited and will benefit from the work of academician M.Shiraliyev. M.Shiraliyev’s research on the phonetic, morphological and lexical features of dialects and dialects of the Azerbaijani and Kazakh languages is still relevant today

Evaluation of readability of textbooks in the Azerbaijani language

This article discusses the method of estimating the complexity of textbooks for secondary schools in Azerbaijan using readability formulas modified for the Azerbaijani language. The dynamics of changes in the level of readability of textbooks in the transition from lower grades to older ones, as well as the relevance of the complexity of educational materials to the age characteristics of students are analyzed

Mathematical and information models for evaluating readability of texts in Azerbaijani language

The article describes software that calculates the quantitative characteristics of texts in the Azerbaijani language and determines the readability of texts based on the Flesch reading-ease formula and Flesch-Kincaid grade-level formula adapted for these texts. The problems and ways to solve them, related to the calculation of certain parameters of texts explain by the examples.

Characteristic features of the case category in the accents of the Azerbaijani language

Characteristic features of the case category in the accents of the Azerbaijani language

Objective Laws of Phenomenon of Metaphorization in Discourse

The article consists of an introduction, method of investigation, discussion on text and discourse and determination of metaphorezation, description of metaphors, place of metaphorization in literary and linguistic study, text and discourse relations, study of metaphorezation, of a conclusion and reference, each of which has found its scientific and empiric substantiation.In the introduction the significance of the investigation from the view of comparative-contrastive method is noted, the study of the text theory and discourse, investigation of different linguistic elements used in the texts and discourses in different (English and Azerbaijani) languages are put forth as the aim of the investigation. In the introduction concise information on the study of discourse and text problems is given.In the part, dealing with method of investigation it is spoken of the usage of typological comparative-contrastive-descriptive method of investigation which is determined as the method of investigation.In the part of the article dealing with Discussion on text and Discourse and Determination of Metaphorization, different types of discourses, the role of metaphorization in these discourses and texts are touched upon. In this part discussion of theoretical concepts on metaphor and metaphorization find their reflections.In the part, speaking of the place of Metaphorization in literary and linguistic study it is pointed out that metaphorization is mainly a literary mechanism and for this reason its manifestation in literature is considered, the theory of metaphorezation is discussed.The subtitle, dealing with Text and Discourse Relations, Study of Metaphoriration, touches upon the determination of relations between text and discourse, their roles in speech and narrations, their mutual influence on each other, on the metaphorization and its functions, discussion on the theoretical view points of the scholars on these problems, manifestation of metaphors in literary texts and discourses. Extracts from both English and Azerbaijani literary pieces are introduced to illustrate the given theses.In the conclusion all the above—mentioned issues are summarized in the concise from.

Тестирование методов автоматического обнаружения границ морфем на материале азербайджанского языка

Тестирование методов автоматического обнаружения границ морфем на материале азербайджанского языка

Azerbaijani

The Azerbaijani, Azerbaijanian or Azeri language belongs to the western group of the southwestern, or Oghuz, branch of the Turkic language family and is mainly spoken in Azerbaijan and Iran. Azerbaijani is the official language of the Republic of Azerbaijan and over 80% of its population use it as their first language (Johanson 2010). Among non-Persian languages in Iran, Azerbaijani, with approximately 15–20 million native speakers, has the largest number of speakers (Crystal 2010). In total, more than 50 million people speak Azerbaijani (Khalilzadeh 2013).

A comparative analysis of the ways of word-formation in modern Azerbaijani and turkish languages

A comparative analysis of the ways of word-formation in modern Azerbaijani and turkish languages