Axiological Priorities Research Articles

Образ семьи в представлениях студентов педагогических вузов и колледжей

The article analyzes the problem of forming the image of future family among students of pedagogical univer-sities and colleges. As an empirical basis, the results of the author’s sociological research (an online survey of students of pedagogical universities and colleges aged 14 to 35 years, n = 1 800), conducted to clarify the atti-tudes of future teachers regarding family values, were used. The survey data shows that the majority of student youth envision their future families with a preference for having two children. Moreover, the article also de-scribes the perception among student youth of the role of parents in the upbringing of the younger generation, predominantly understood by them as the formation of a child’s personality oriented towards self-responsibility. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that timely educational work with students to promote family values during their university education can adjust the axiological priorities of future teachers and foster their ability to convey representations of the family to a young audience.

СИНЕРГЕТИКА АКСИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИОРИТЕТОВ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ ПЕДАГОГОВ НАЧАЛА ХХ ВЕКА

The historical and pedagogical process is considered from the perspective of a synergetic methodological approach, which allows the author to show the polyphony and non-linearity of pedagogical systems and values of teachers working in the first decade of Soviet Russia. The research material used includes the works of famous teachers, which most clearly outlines their axiological priorities. Using the methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization, the author shows the potential of a synergetic approach to analyzing historical development of education in Russia as seen during a period of critical change in the early twentieth century.

VALUE ORIENTATIONS AS A BASIC CONSTRUCT FOR THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL WORLDVIEW OF THE FUTURE MUSIC TEACHER

The article reveals that the current stage of social development requires a radical renewal of the content of higher art education, in which axiological priorities should become decisive in the professional training of future music teachers. It has been found that this problem is especially exacerbated by the integration aspirations of our country to join the Common European Educational Area, in which the individual is formed as a subject of culture, his or her spiritual and value sphere develops, etc. This requires a transition from a knowledge-centered to a culture-centered model of higher education, where a person is formed as a subject of culture, develops its spiritual and valuable sphere, etc.Therefore, the problem of spiritual and value formation of a personality through music is actualized in the content of post-nonclassical higher art education, creating prerequisites for the formation of such a phenomenon as a holistic professional worldview in future music teachers. The analysis of the structural components (cognitive-educative, emotional-valuable, activity-practical and professional-reflective) of this phenomenon has shown that the basic construct of professional worldview is the system of value orientations of the individual.In order to study the dynamics in the formation of value orientations of students of music specialties, the second stage of a special experimental study was conducted at the Anatolii Avdiievskyi Faculty of Arts of Dragomanov Ukrainian State University. In the course of the empirical study, using the methods of observation, questionnaires, interviews, testing, diachronic analysis, ranking, etc., it was confirmed that studentsʼ orientations towards professional values were the most stable, reflecting the main focus of their motives, interests and needs for future professional activities.
 Keywords: values; value orientations; professional worldview; axiological priorities; theoretical construct; music teacher; post-nonclassical; higher art education.

Духовно-нравственное совершенствование как ориентир российского мировоззрения

The article emphasizes the importance of traditional values for the formation of personality, acquisition of civic position. Individual and group axiological priorities should be considered not separately, but in aggregate, form-ing an integral system of worldview in the context of the national idea, professional activity, regional peculiari-ties, religion, etc. Religion as a type of worldview forms basic value categories such as love, faith, responsibility, care, service, devotion, justice, mercy, diligence, and others. These categories in the matter of spiritual for-mation in Christianity are considered in relation to a person, family, society, and the state as a treasury of good deeds, opposing modern nihilism, infantilism, world acquisition, and lack of love for the motherland. The Or-thodox tradition, like other religious traditions of the country, is rich in examples of feats of love, labor and ser-vice to the Fatherland, the study of which is necessary for full spiritual development. Therefore, spiritual and moral improvement as a process of spiritual formation of a person is the basis of the value system of the Rus-sian worldview.

ПРОБЛЕМА АКСІОЛОГІЗАЦІЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ В НАУКОВИХ СТУДІЯХ

The article analyzes some aspects of axiologising the professional training of the future primary school teacher, presented in scientific studies. The problem of value orientation of higher pedagogical education, axiologising professional training of the future specialist, formation of his worldview position, value-targeted guidelines conceptualizing pedagogical activity, giving it meaning, integrity, universality and uniqueness is updated. The scientific discourse supports the opinion that the process of value formation of a future teacher at the stage of professional and pedagogical training involves a purposeful, systematic movement through cognition, value comprehension and evaluation to the creative transformation of knowledge, the formation of the ability for constant self-development and self-improvement, and the formed value orientations are the basis of formation value attitude of the individual to the future pedagogical activity. Attention is focused on defining the basic values of university education, which act at each stage of professionalization as moral imperatives and are the basis for self-organization and self-development of pedagogical activity, teacher-student interaction. An overview of the scientific ideas of the famous Ukrainian teacher, scientist O. Savchenko regarding values in the professional activity of a teacher, where, based on the idea that values characterize the socially and personally significant meanings of a teacher's professional activity, the addition of the theory and practice of the development of professional values of a teacher by filling new meanings of axiological concepts is emphasized, conclusions are made regarding the system- forming nature values in the activity of the teacher. It is summarized that positive changes in society indirectly depend on similar changes in the system of professional education, humanization of social life and humanization of education - on the axiological basis of the teacher, where the main criterion is his professional training from the standpoint of awareness of the realities of the modern world, axiological priorities as socially and personally significant meanings that actively stimulate the professional and pedagogical training of a modern primary school teacher in the conditions of personally oriented education.

Национальная идентичность и литературный канон в британской традиции ХХ в.

The author of the article investigates the problem of a literary canon changing in the situation of installing the multilingual writers’ texts into literary tradition. The texts under consideration are the literary and publicistic works by Joseph Rudyard Kipling and John Robert Fowles, the writers acknowledged classical beyond Britain but appreciated as the mass literature authors in the United Kingdom. The paper aims at revealing the reasons and the consequences of installing the Rudyard Kipling’s and John Fowles’s texts into the literary canon, and at defining how the multilingualism and multiculturalism of these writers is connected with their interpretation of the notions of “Englishness” and “Britishness.” Anglo-Indian Kipling’s axiological priorities are the hierarchy of the text characters depending on their national and cultural characteristics and creating the unique author’s multicultural mythology. The key axiological principle of Fowles is understanding of the priority of French culture over the English one and creating the specific sample of an ideal representative of “Englishness,” who is the cosmopolitan lonely rebel with a strong artistic sense. Fowles’s national and cultural identity is shown in his stories and novels with the communicative fragments in different languages to create a very complex multicultural conceptual landscape, often ironical.

Distortion of reality in news journalism: determinants and socio-cultural implications

The article presents the results of a round table devoted to the analysis of factors that provoke the distortion of reality in the media news, we show the ambivalence of assessments and the difference in defining the essence of news and news journalism. The authors of the discussion identify the role of technological, economic, political and ideological factors that influence the distortion of reality in the news, consider the causes of “fakes” in news reports, their beneficiaries and the bonuses received, and also make an attempt to identify shortcomings in the legal framework in the area of responsibility of communicators for the unreliability of news messages. During the discussion, the news texts of both the opposition press and the media of a loyalist bias were analysed from the standpoint of assessing and interpreting political events, meaningful and axiological priorities; the specifics of the formation and presentation of news from the point of view of reality distortion techniques are considered. As a result, the participants of the discussion came to the following conclusions. Firstly, the distortion of reality in the mass media is of a massive nature, which is due to a number of factors – technological, economic, political and ideological. Secondly, this situation is perceived as a problem only by few journalists and editorial offices, which indicates a decrease in the professional and ethical level of journalism and a radical transformation of ideas about professional responsibility. Thirdly, the identified trends are typical for both regime and opposition media, which is confirmed by the results of empirical studies.

Ценностно-смысловые приоритеты субъект-субъектного взаимодействия в высшей школе в ракурсе когнитивной парадигмы

The relevance of the article is due to the need to determine the role of the cognitive paradigm in increasing the effectiveness of subject-subject interaction in the educational process of higher education, this interaction contributing to the development of the educational process's subjects with axiological priorities. The authors solve the problem of revealing empathic reserves and mechanisms of interaction between a teacher and students that allow the educational process to be carried out in an atmosphere of comfort, trust, openness, which determines humanistic semantic formations and value-based transformations of the individual. In the article, on the basis of participation seen as the opposite of domination, coercion and authoritarianism, and as a reserve for creating a favorable psychological climate for cooperation, the authors compare the basic and advanced participatory skills of the teacher. The authors define the importance of the cognitive component of empathy as a connecting link in the development of value-based awareness, understanding and regulation of educational subjects' cognitions and emotions that affect the success of their interaction. Empathy is revealed as a form of rational-emotional-intuitive reflection of another person, which predicts one's behavior in subject-subject interaction. The authors define the position of the teacher in subject-subject interaction from the perspective of the cognitive paradigm, which, in the logic of empathic conditioning of this interaction, is transformed into the role of a guide. Such a position of the teacher is formed on the basis of the development of a step-by-step algorithm for the development of the teacher's emotional identification as a structural component of empathy. Experimental results of the study of empathic reserves and mechanisms of interaction between a teacher and students are presented on the basis of a survey of 48 second-year students of two groups (Gr.07-911 and Gr.07-911k) of the Chemical Education specialty, the Institute of Chemistry named after I.M. Butlerov of Kazan Federal University, and 41 people of two groups (Gr. 3A and Gr. 3B) in the Art of Ballet and Art of Dance specialties of the final year of the Kazan Choreographic School. The survey used the method of diagnosing the level of empathic abilities of V.V. Boyko. The selected diagnostics made it possible not only to obtain the qualitative characteristics of each channel of empathy of the students and their identification, but also, most importantly, to obtain personality-oriented information about the attitudes that promote or hinder empathy in subject-subject interaction for each surveyed student.

Strategy and tactics of current professional education: axiological approach

This paper links with the relevance of the authors’ longitudinal research intended to meet the pedagogue and student interests, possibilities, and their motives for recurrent education based on personalized training strategy and tactics in the frameworks of current university education and additional professional programs of the In-Service. The research aims to provide some of the prospects on creating axiological priorities of professional education spaces in line with innovative approaches to teaching and learning the ways of interpretation of database on the «difficult» issues of Russian History and Culture, and on fostering dominant values into a personality space of a learner within the frames and architectonics of the humanitarian environment of modern scientific and methodological support of Russian education. Methodology and materials of the research based on the main concepts of acculturation of the educational environment, harmonious interaction of both educators and learners, historical memo, national and language consciousness, are focused on transforming the socio-cultural atmosphere of the country where the dominant values of national and cultural identity have sharply worsened over the past twenty years. The findings concern the axiological model of «management techniques» on the solution of «difficult» questions of Russian culture and national public school system of education.

Moral education of students in the contemporary society

With the advancement of the contemporary society to the stage of global digitalization, the issues of personality education, its means and methods are becoming increasingly important. The strategy of Russias scientific-technological development presupposes, among other things, the formation of certain ideological and axiological priorities, in accordance with which the value characteristics of the information society change and reproduce. Moral education is a purposeful development of the personal moral culture: moral activity, system of values, moral feelings and behavior that corresponds to the ideals and principles of humanistic morality. Moral activity as an important personal quality in the information society presupposes an internal need for continuous moral improvement, a desire to creatively set and solve new, increasingly complex tasks of the technological development. The development of such moral activity of the student also means his ability to choose actions on the basis of the contemporary trends of the dynamic social development, and to choose actions that are the most appropriate for a specific situation. The organization of moral education at the university consists of two main interrelated directions: moral education and teaching students the skills of moral behavior. Complex activities of the university serve not only as a means of moral education but also as its condition, which requires their inclusion in the educational process and purposeful organization. The efficiency of moral education at the university depends on the system of influence on students, and its main components are as follows: ethical education and teaching ethical disciplines; development of sustainable traditions of corporate culture (mission of the university, system of life values, ethical codes of students and teachers, etc.); ethical orientation of general-theoretical and professional disciplines; moral-educational components in the organization of the educational process; non-learning activities with students, labor education, volunteer activities, etc.

Social security of the elderly. Challenges of the post-pandemic reality

Progressive demographic transformations and their consequences including the increasing risk of the lack of replacement of generations, family and institutional deficits in fulfilling of the caring and protective functions – create an urgent need to resume the social discourse on creating the social security of the 60+ generation. The pandemic time brought many additional changes, both in social behaviour and in the catalogue of individual needs. It revealed new challenges and axiological priorities, requiring a broader understanding of the nature of social policy towards the third generation.

The Russo-Turkish Wars in Russian Literature: Axiological Priorities in Historical Dynamics

The paper represents the experience of analytical description of the fictional discourse, which captures the chronicle of the long-lasting military confrontation between the Russian Empire and the Sublime Porta. The author pursues the goal to trace the logic of evaluative dynamic specific to the Russian literary tradition in the perception and reflection of the events of the Russo-Turkish wars. The material of the paper is a sufficiently voluminous corpus of literary and journalistic texts, most fully and clearly representing the wide range and variability of axiological attitudes of participants of the XVI–XIX centuries national literary process who responded to these events. Among them are such iconic names for Russian intellectual and artistic culture as M.V. Lomonosov, G.R. Derzhavin, A.F. Veltman, A.A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, M.P. Pogodin, N.A. Nekrasov, A.N. Pleshcheev, L.N. Tolstoy, F.M. Dostoevsky, V.M. Garshin and many others. As a result, the author concludes that the nearly four-century history of the Russo-Turkish wars provided rich material for creative initiatives of Russian writers and significantly influenced the development of the Russian literary process. Reacting swiftly to the events of numerous military conflicts, fiction produced and clearly demonstrated ideological and axiological priorities of public consciousness from the perspective of their historical dynamics. The general logic of the Russian-Turkish confrontation theme development was directly expressed at the level of poetics in artistic creations. Comparing the early literary experiences of understanding and depicting military conflicts, one can observe a general movement from the general to the particular, from the collective to the individual, from direct evaluation to complex ethical collisions. As artistic consciousness develops, depictions of large-scale battle scenes give way to literary sketches of inner experiences, psychological and existential perspectives replace the external perspective of describing events. The perception of the war is gradually, but more distinctly reveals through the prism of the personal consciousness of an author and his character and is perceived as a personally lived meaningful experience.

НОМИНАЦИИ ТИПОВ РЕКРЕАЦИОННОГО ТУРИЗМА (НА ОСНОВЕ НЕОЛОГИЗМОВ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА)

The article deals with the nominations of the recreational tourismtypes. The authors analyze the specifics of this vocabulary layerin the tourist discourse;categorize neologisms according to the classification of recreational resources. Based on the nominations of recreational tourismtypes, the relationships between the tourist discourse and gastronomic, economic and sports discourses are revealed. Additionally, the change in the worldview and the axiological priorities of modern tourists, identified in the analysis of the nominations for recreational tourism, are also considered.

HUMANITARIAN SELF-DETERMINATION OF A PERSONALITY: REGIONAL AND AXIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Problem statement of this study links with the relevance of the authors’ longitudinal research in-tended to meet the pedagogues’ interests, possibilities, and their motives for recurrent education based on personalized training strategy and tactics in the frameworks of current university edu-cation and additional professional programmes of the In-Service Institute. The purpose of this paper is to stand back from the surface details of formal and informal education of teachers and to provide some of the prospects on creating axiological priorities of professional education spaces in line with innovative approaches to teaching and learning the ways of interpretation of database on the «difficult» issues of National History and Culture. Methodology and materials of the research reflect on the main concepts of acculturation of the educational environment, harmonious interaction of both educators and learners, historical memo, national and language consciousness which constitute the basis for the comprehensive value dominant model, and are focused on transforming the socio-cultural atmosphere of a particular region and the country where the dominant values of national and cultural identity have sharply worsened during the past twenty years. Results and their discussion based on scientific exposition that concern the axiology of the problem statements distinguished via three main groups of scholarship, method-ology and pedagogy of civil education and national public school education in the frameworks of the problem issues of what to teach (Knowledge Content) and the issue of how to establish for training and learning of students innovation educational practices (Technological Aspects) for efficacy (Personality ConceptSphere of Dominant Values). In conclusion, there come some of the authors’ findings on personalized training and learning that compose the axiological model of «management techniques» on the solution of «difficult» questions of Russian history integrat-ed into the concept sphere of the learner via the Thesaurus and Knowledge Content efficacy of additional professional programmes.

Экзiстэнцыяльнае вымярэнне чалавечага быцця ў прозе Максiма Гарэцкага

In the article the works of Maxim Garetsky, a classic of Belarusian literature have been analyzed. The author directs his attention to multidimensionality, pluralism of artistic and aesthetic search, connection with existential-philosophical discourse, specificity of the writer’s approach to the essence of “existential” conflict, the problem of moral choice, responsibility for the evil. It is stated that the main line of the works is associated with the search for axiological priorities directly related to the problem of individual existence, to the option of “choice”, to the idea of preservation of human sovereignty and the protection of the right for a decent life.

Oleksandr Dovzhenko: several observations about the worldview and aesthetic universals of his phenomenon against the background of the 20th century

The attention in the offered article was focused on comprehension of a large-scale complex of philosophical, moral-and-ethical, aesthetic problems connected with the activity of the Ukrainian cinematographer Oleksandr Dovzhenko, the giant of world scale of the 20th century. The axiological priorities of the genius and the social-and-historical circumstances of his existence were clarified. The diary thoughts of Dovzhenko scholar, the great Ukrainian thinker of the 20th – 21st centuries – Yevhen Sverstiuk in the understanding of this axiological paradigm played an important role. Given this context, little-known facts of the biographical discourse of O. Dovzhenko and D. Shostakovych were actualized; the immanent consonance of their modern aesthetic searching in cinematic art, colour painting and musical painting of the 20th century was marked on the basis of primary sources. The harmony of movement, coloration, sound in the poetics of artists was a large field of interest even for humanities scientists of the 21st century. Attention was paid to the moral-and-ethical estimation made by O. Dovzhenko of D. Bedny as a destroyer of the principles and embodiment of the latest world cinematic aesthetics and its creator, which appeared in the film masterpiece «Zemlia (Land)». The antagonism of ideological works of socialist realism and works of art for centuries was illustrated in the exploration on the examples of the poetic word of the Kyivan – M. Bulgakov and S. Yesenin. The consonance of the receptions of the reality of the Soviet-era period in the figurative-and-semantic axiologems of O. Mandelstam’s poetry and O. Dovzhenko’s diary notes was clarified in the comparative parallels.Devotion to aesthetic truth overcomes the delusions of the past. Analytical attention to the important semiosphere, which was the role of D. Shostakovych in revealing the truth to the world about killing of the Congress of Ukrainian Kobzars in 1935 by the Soviet authorities in the mentioned value-and-semantic context was drawn. This empathic involvement in the grief of another was the ideological basis of the phenomena of Christian self-sacrifice as O. Dovzhenko and other mentioned artists and thinkers of the analyzed time.

Формирование системы ценностей как основа духовно-нравственного воспитания подростков

The paper analyzes the means of forming intangible values among adolescents at the age of 14 to 18 years. In this regard, special attention is paid to the content of the concept of “value” and the peculiarities of its interpretation by scientists in the field of philosophy, psychology and pedagogy. The role of the teacher, the environment, and the family in the formation of axiological priorities in adolescents is established. At the same time, their influence on the spiritual and moral sphere of children is carried out both separately and comprehensively from the perspective of a single and consistent system of education. It is noted that fine arts have highly effective means for influencing teenagers’ picture of the world of values. In particular, the author emphasizes the relevance of using modern media tools, the Internet and social networks in the system of additional education, which provide teenagers with the opportunity for self-realization and self-improvement. It is argued that the use of technological progress in the organization of fine arts significantly increases their effectiveness and contributes to the achievement of creative and educational goals and objectives, including the formation of a system of adolescents’ spiritual and moral values.

Динамика ценностных ориентаций юношей и девушек в процессе обучения в вузе

The relevance of the research is in the need to study the features of personal value orientations in the process of studying at the university as modern students will become the main productive force and their values will largely determine society’s axiologi-cal priorities in the nearest future. The purpose of the study is to reveal the age-specific significance and availability of terminal values depending on the gender of students in adolescence and early adult-hood. The reliable differences in the significance of terminal values are revealed in the transition from adolescence to early adulthood. According to the respondents, friendship is more important value during youth, and health, financially secure life, self-confidence become more important in early adult-hood. It is established that during maturity the structure of value orientations becomes more har-monious. The content of internal vacuums, localiza-tion and degree of expression of internal conflicts at different stages of age development are determined. The revealed differences between young men and women in the significance and availability of termi-nal values specific to adolescence and early adult-hood can be caused by gender roles. Modern stu-dents have both general and specific features in the structure of value orientations due to the influence of their age and gender. The disharmony in the structure of value orientations in adolescence due to the discrepancy between the significance and avail-ability of terminal values actualizes the need to in-troduce psychological and pedagogical support for the process of self-determination of students in various spheres of life activity in the educational process of higher education.

Freedom and responsibility as axiological markers of the transformation of the information society

The article attempts to clarify the place of freedom and responsibility in the process of transforming axiosphere of information society. It is shown that the information society is a society in which there are intense philosophical transformation, where the main values are: information, as well as related simulacrisis and virtualization that stimulate changes in axiological priorities, the relationships and communication of people who value freedom and responsibility. It is proven that ethical transformation of the information society most related to the topic of social sustainability of personality, which often does not realize the limits of their freedom and responsibility in the information space.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МЕНТАЛЬНОСТІ ЯК ПІДҐРУНТЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДІАСПОР

The article presents the results of the study of the main archetypes and features of the Ukrainian national character in their translational/restraining influence on the process of diaspora formation. It is proven that the “borderline” existence of the Ukrainian people determined the features of their mental code, which in turn programs the historical reality. Therefore, the mentality, acting as a fundamental condition for the existence of the ethnophore, is considered by us as an important factor in building multilevel social relations, including those outside the maternal ethnos. The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of mental determination in the conditions of temporal challenges of today and emphasizes the direct reflection of the dialectic of existence of the Ukrainian people in their worldview. Historical retrospective testifies to the predisposition of Ukrainians to group life forms and the preservation of national-specific identifiers. On the other hand, the contradictory essence of the main mental features enshrines the “principle of situationality” of the separation process in the conditions of foreign ethnic majority. The diasporal dimension of studying the problem allows to recourse to leveling the negativism of particular mental attitudes. It is argued that axiological priorities as the basis for the differentiation of objects, phenomena and processes of the objective world are a necessary condition for the formation of a social individual within both maternal and foreign ethnic environment. Their extrapolation to social relations makes it possible to outline the basic behavioral mechanisms and to reflect on actions, through which individual experience is projected. It is that very individual experience that becomes an important factor in the re/integration of the diaspora representatives and the process of institutionalization of ethnic minorities.