Parental Awareness Research Articles

Child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana: Factors influencing parents' willingness to allow vaccination of their children under five (5) years.

Malaria is a substantial health burden in Ghana, particularly among children. Despite the availability of malaria vaccines, uptake remains low. Notwithstanding, there is a paucity of nationally representative studies on the factors driving hesitance towards the new malaria vaccine. In response, this study, guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviors (TPB), seeks to understand the determinants of child malaria vaccine uptake in Ghana to inform strategies for improving coverage. We employed multiple regression model to examine the association between maternal awareness, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, geographical location, and vaccine uptake using data from the 2019 Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). Maternal awareness of vaccine (OR = 2.200; P<0.01) significantly predicted higher likelihood of vaccine uptake. Household wealth was associated with child vaccination as parents in middle-income households (OR = 9.342; P<0.01), and those in poorest households (OR = 9.409; P<0.05) recorded higher likelihood of allowing their children to be vaccinated. With regards to ethnicity, parents from the Mande ethnic group (OR = 0.106; P<0.05) were less likely to allow their children to be vaccinated when compared to parents from the Akan ethnic group. Knowing that malaria is covered by National Health Insurance (OR = 2.407; P<0.05) was associated with higher likelihood of allowing child vaccination compared to not knowing. More so, geographical variations were observed as parents who lived in rural areas (OR = 0.254; P<0.05) were significantly less likely to allow vaccination of their children compared to those in urban areas. Enhancing awareness through education campaigns can improve child malaria vaccine coverage. Observing socioeconomic disparities in uptake and ensuring equitable access to vaccines are vital. Tailored strategies considering ethnic background and geographical location, can as well enhance acceptance of the vaccine. This study provides valuable insights for developing effective strategies to reduce the burden of malaria in children and improve coverage of uptake. This study underscores the need to improve parental awareness and the relevance of the vaccine in preventing child mortality.

Children’s Well-Being: Parental Awareness on Child Internet Addiction

Children’s Well-Being: Parental Awareness on Child Internet Addiction

AWARENESS AND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR OF PARENTS REGARDING THEIR CHILDREN’S ORAL HEALTH AND PROFESSIONAL DENTAL CARE

Parents' awareness and health-seeking behaviour concerning their children's oral health and professional dental care are vital components shaping pediatric dental wellness. The study's primary objective is to find parents' awareness and health-seeking behaviour regarding their children’s oral health and professional dental care. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi. Data was collected from 320 parents who participated in this study. To capture a comprehensive understanding, participant recruitment involves a diverse selection of parents, ensuring representation across various demographics, including age, socioeconomic status, educational background, and geographical location. Data were collected from 320 participants. Participants belong to different age groups. Respondents with a high school education or less constituted 35%, while those with a bachelor's degree represented 30% of the participants. The survey outlined varying degrees of parental awareness regarding specific oral health practices. While a high percentage of parents were aware of the importance of fluoride use for children (85%) and the ideal age for dental check-ups (60%), adherence to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) brushing recommendations and awareness of proper flossing techniques were notably lower, at 25% and 40%, respectively. It is concluded that early dental checkups play a crucial role in preventing conditions like dental caries. Founding good oral habits and hygiene during the formative years significantly contributes to lifelong oral health in children.

Evaluation of attitude and awareness among parents with regards to avulsed permanent tooth and its management

To determine the attitude and awareness among parents of different educational level, socioeconomic status and geographic background with regard to avulsed permanent tooth and its management. 400 parents of children, aged between 6-12 years, in the rural and urban areas of Kozhikode District were randomly selected. The participant’s awareness regarding the avulsed permanent tooth and its management was evaluated based on questionnaire. The questionnaire was essentially be comprised of two parts: First part included the general demographic data and the second part contained closed questions which assessed the knowledge, attitude and previous experience of the participants toward the first-aid management of avulsed permanent tooth. Statistical significance of factors influencing good awareness of groups were calculated using Pearson Chi-Square test.Regardless of educational background, socio-economic status and geographical background, parental awareness regarding the first aid measures to be taken in the case of dental avulsion was inadequate. But at the same time they exhibited positive attitude toward receiving more informations on emergency management of avulsed permanent tooth.

Attitude and awareness of Indian parents from Kerala state towards children’s vaccination at the COVID-19 pandemic background

Background. Vaccination coverage of children in India is not sufficient since the COVID-19 pandemic (less than 90 %). This may lead to low adherence of parents to children’s vaccination.The aim. To study parental attitudes and awareness towards children vaccination programs in India at the COVID-19 pandemic background.Methods. Two hundred and fourteen participants from Kerala state (India) took part in the descriptive cross-sectional study via survey method. The survey was prepared with Google form according the principles of anonymity.Results. Indian parents demonstrated good adherence towards children’s vaccination, 98.6 % (95% confidence interval (CI): 95.9–99.5) of them vaccinated their child, and if vaccination appointment had to be rescheduled 84.6 % (95% CI: 79.1–88.8) of them vaccinated children after. Most of Indians (68.7 %; 95% CI: 62.1–74.5) preferred to vaccinate children in state clinics, however, 28.5 % (95% CI: 22.8–34.8) chose private clinics. Information about diseases that vaccines can prevent, vaccine safety, and side effects 47.2 % (95% CI: 40.6–53.8) of parents got from public pediatricians, 50.9 % (95% CI: 44.2–57.5) – from private pediatricians, and 10.3 % (95% CI: 6.8–15.0) – from complementary and alternative medicine practitioners. Over 80 % of Indians were informed about vaccination through mass media (83.6%; 95% CI: 78.1–87.9). Indian parents showed low awareness about vaccination, because 63.1 % (95% CI: 56.4–69.2) of parents wanted to know more about vaccination. Moreover, before vaccination 21.5 % (95% CI: 16.5–27.4) of them were not informed by a doctor about health benefits and possible risks for their children.Conclusion. In the COVID-19 pandemic Indian parents showed good attitude towards vaccination and low awareness in vaccination questions.

Peran Keluarga dalam Pembentukan Mental dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif pada Anak

This article aims to highlight the importance of parental awareness in understanding the growth and development of children. Parents are the first school and teachers are the second education for early childhood. This research is a descriptive qualitative study in the form of a case study. Data was obtained through observations and interviews with parents and teachers. The results of the study show that the role of parents in stimulating children's cognitive development includes: observer, motivator, facilitator, school, and problem solver. Then the impact of parental role on children's cognitive development includes: children are motivated to learn at home, children become more critical, active, experience improvement in achieving better learning outcomes, able to express aspirations, and able to show responsible and confident character.

Marijuana use and its correlates among school-going Jamaican adolescents: a finding from a national survey.

The recent data indicate almost a fifth of Jamaican adolescents used marijuana in the past 30 days. To ensure the optimal allocation of resources, a country-specific understanding of factors associated with marijuana use among adolescents is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap among adolescents aged 13-17 years in Jamaica. We analyzed data from the recent Jamaica Global School-Based Student Health Survey conducted in 2017. The sample consists of school-going Jamaican adolescents of 7th-12th grades. The prevalence of recent marijuana use was assessed and compared across different demographics, substance use, and risk behaviors using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Older adolescents and men had a higher likelihood of recent marijuana use. Psychosocial risks, such as loneliness, frequent worry, suicidal ideation, physical attacks, and school absenteeism, were associated with higher marijuana usage. Parental smoking increased the odds, whereas strong parental support and awareness decreased it. Other substance uses, especially amphetamine and tobacco products, had strong associations with marijuana use. Early initiation of substances was associated with a higher risk of marijuana use. Sexually active adolescents, especially those initiated before the age of 14 years, had higher rates of marijuana use. The intricate link between harmful and supportive psychosomatic and risk behaviors with recent marijuana use highlights the importance of holistic interventions and policies focusing on emotional health, parental guidance, substance education, and sexual activity implications.

Parental Experiences with Newborn Screening and Gene Replacement Therapy for Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder with onset predominantly in infants and children. In recent years, newborn screening and three treatments, including gene replacement therapy (Onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi), have become available in the United States, aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of children with SMA. To evaluate parents' experiences with newborn screening and gene replacement therapy and to explore best practices for positive newborn screen disclosure and counseling of families. We conducted semi-structured interviews (n = 32) and online surveys (n = 79) of parents whose children were diagnosed with SMA (on newborn screening or symptomatically) and treated with gene replacement therapy. Gene replacement therapy was most parents' first treatment choice, although concerns regarding long term efficacy (65%) and safety (51%) were common. Information provided during the newborn screening disclosure was quite variable. Only 34% of parents reported the information provided was sufficient and expressed need for more information about treatment. Although many parents experienced denial of the diagnosis at initial disclosure, 94% were in favor of inclusion of SMA on newborn screening. Parents were almost universally anxious following diagnosis and over half remained anxious at the time of study participation with uncertainty of the future being a key concern. Many parents had difficulty processing information provided during their first clinic appointment due to its complexity and their emotional state at the time. Utilizing this data, we provide a recommendation for the information provided in newborn screening disclosure, propose adjustments to education and counseling during the first clinic visit, and bring awareness of parents' mental health difficulties.

Child Sexual Abuse in Pakistan: A Phenomenological Study on Parental Understanding and Prevention Strategies for Child Protection

ABSTRACT Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is widespread and pervasive in Pakistan, presenting a significant threat to a child’s physical health, psychological well-being, and overall development. This study aimed to empirically substantiate the understanding of parents regarding CSA and their utilized preventive strategies. The study utilized Social Ecological Theory to gain a deeper comprehension of the phenomenon. Data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 parents from Islamabad capital city, using a qualitative phenomenological research approach along with thematic analysis. Results reveal that most of the parents were highly aware of the most common aspects of sexual assault and molestation, but they were unaware of the more manipulative subtle forms such as “grooming.” Additionally, they had a limited understanding of the long-term consequences of sexual abuse. While many parents knew about the option of involving the police in cases of abuse, they were unaware of helpline services and the availability of psychological support. In terms of prevention, most parents employed an integrated approach involving various preventive measures, such as educating their children about appropriate and inappropriate touch. These findings underscore the importance of implementing public-focused initiatives and community-based programs to enhance parental awareness, knowledge, and capabilities in preventing CSA in Pakistan.

Sepsis epidemiology in Australian and New Zealand children (SENTINEL): protocol for a multicountry prospective observational study

IntroductionSepsis affects 25.2 million children per year globally and causes 3.4 million deaths, with an annual cost of hospitalisation in the USA of US$7.3 billion. Despite being common, severe and...

Teacher Training in Coaching Approach – Benefits and Challenges

The implementation of the coaching approach in education offers numerous benefits for all participants in school life. Besides enhancing pedagogical effectiveness, its aim is to promote the development of awareness, reflection, and self-regulation skills for teachers, students, and parents alike. This article summarizes research on the benefits and challenges faced by teachers who have participated in training programs for applying the coaching approach in their work. The study was conducted among 243 teachers who underwent professional pedagogical specializations and short courses in which the discipline "Coaching Approach in School Environment" was studied. The focus of the curriculum is on the key skills that a teacher-coach should possess: skills in active listening, questioning, and providing effective feedback. The main elements in the process of training teachers in the application of the approach include theoretical foundational knowledge, practical individual and group tasks, demonstrations, and reflective exercises. After completing the training, participants undertake an assignment oriented towards their practice, provoking self-reflection. Based on their responses, the most frequently mentioned benefits and challenges of implementing the coaching approach in the school environment are identified. Conclusions and guidelines for expanding and deepening the preparation of educators to integrate coaching into their work are outlined.

Knowledge, Awareness and Attitude of Parents towards their Children with Autism at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by a lack of social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviours. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) classified symptoms of autism into two domains: the social communication and interaction domain. However, studies on autism in Saudi Arabia are still insufficient. Therefore, awareness and knowledge about autism can facilitate early detection and treatment, resulting in better outcomes. Aim: To evaluate parents’ knowledge, awareness, and attitude towards their autistic children in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Baljurashi Mental Health Hospital, ALBaha region, Saudi Arabia, from January 2023 to November 2023. A total of 69 parents with autistic children who attended the outpatient clinic at Baljurashi Mental Health Hospital were included in the study. A questionnaire was administered among parents to assess their knowledge, awareness, and attitude regarding autism. Data was statistically analysed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test. Results: The age of the parents ranged from 16 to over 50 years, with 47 (68.1%) being males and 22 (31.9%) being females. Almost 29 (42.0%) of the parents were postgraduates, and 21 (30.4%) had a university-level education. About 24 (34.8%) of the participants believed that consanguineous marriage increases the risk of autism, 19 (27.5%) believed that some vaccines increase the risk of autism, and 39 (56.5%) knew that autism is associated with learning disabilities. Three-quarters of the participants, 54 (78.3%), stated that autism was known to them, 50 (72.5%) thought that an autistic child could be affected by a normal child, and 53 (76.8%) had good knowledge about autism. Conclusion: The study showed that the majority of parents had good knowledge about autism disorder. The findings reflect the positive impact of focused training initiatives and public awareness efforts aimed at improving parents’ knowledge, awareness, and attitude toward autism.

Knowledge and Awareness of Various Physical Restraints and Protective Stabilisation Methods: Parent’s Perception towards their Use in Children: A Multimedia Pre- and Post-test Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: Physical restraints are often a debatable and misunderstood aspect of dental healthcare practice. They are frequently used in dental care settings to immobilise children and reduce the risk of injury during procedures. It is essential to assess parents' knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards physical restraints and provide accurate information about them. This is important to ensure that they are used appropriately and ethically. Aim: To assess parents’ knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards physical restraints in dental care settings before and after a multimedia intervention, and to provide precise information about the same. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India using a pretest and post-test quasi-experimental study design on 400 parents whose children were between 3 and 16 years of age. The survey was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023. The data collection methods used in the present study consisted of a pre-education questionnaire and a post-education questionnaire administered after a multimedia educational intervention. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis, including measures such as mean, Standard Deviation (SD), Chi-square goodness of fit test, Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: When questioned about various stabilisation methods like direct and indirect methods, 379 (94.8%) of the study parents were unaware of them. However, after education, the majority of parents, 393 (98.3%), became aware that there were two types of stabilisation methods. Initially, 294 (73.5%) of parents refused to provide permission for doctors to treat their children using various stabilisation techniques. However, after being thoroughly educated about the various methods and their benefits, 383 (95.8%) agreed to let the dentist employ different stabilisation techniques when treating their children. This assurance helped alleviate concerns about potential harm to the child caused by using these stabilisation methods. Conclusion: The study suggests that there is a significant knowledge gap among parents. However, the implementation of multimedia educational intervention methods during dental visits by dentists played a crucial role in increasing their knowledge and resulted in a significant improvement in their attitude towards stabilisation methods.

Increasing the efficiency of dental disease prevention in children of younger school age through participation in a stomatological performance.

Aim: To study the awareness of children and their parents in the prevention of dental diseases and to propose educational measures to increase it. Materials and Methods: To achieve the goal of the study, a survey of 628 children, aged 7-11 years, younger schoolchildren of Poltava and 479 of their parents was conducted using the previously developed "Dental Questionnaire for Children and Parents". The questionnaire was based on the main indicators of the dental health of children and adolescents in accordance with the EGOHID II project (2008) and the WHO dental questionnaire (2013), and it took into account the proposals of dental organizations that regulate the assessment of oral health in children. Based on the results of the survey, a script for oral hygiene lesson for junior schoolchildren was developed using theatrical and game elements. Results: The results of the conducted research indicate the low sanitary and hygienic awareness of parents, the paternalism of their thinking, which leads to the lack of control over the hygiene of the oral cavity of children. In order to solve this problem, a scenario of informational explanatory conversation was created with the involvement of modern methods of communication and intern doctors who have acquired relevant knowledge and communication skills. Conclusions: Informing of children about the prevention of dental diseases in the form of a dental performance is a relevant sanitary and educational event that motivates children to observe the rules of oral hygiene.

Caries Incidence Rates Examination Through the Indonesian Digital Caries Risk Assessment for Parents of Muhammadiyah Warungboto Elementary School Yogyakarta

Early childhood caries in Indonesia is relatively high, as seen from the average def/DMF-T index of deciduous teeth in Indonesia reaching 8.1. One of the contributing factors is improper toothbrush habits. Based on Basic Health Research, 94.9% of Yogyakarta’s population, only 6.0% brush their teeth properly. This study aims to provide an overview of the success of examining the incidence of caries using the Indonesian Digital Caries Risk Assessment (IDCRA) website, which is reported directly to parents. This research method is a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-postest design conducted on 83 parents and students of Muhammadiyah Warungboto Elementary School in Yogyakarta. Data were collected from pretest and postest assessments on students’ dental health knowledge, subjective and objective examinations using the IDCRA website, reporting of examination results to parents, and parental satisfaction questionnaires on dental examination reports. This study showed a 14% improvement in students’ comprehension of oral health after educational intervention. The initial def/DMF-T index of 4.6 decreased to 4.2 after implementing education and disseminating examination results to parents and students. Furthermore, the parental survey revealed that 96% of participants acknowledged that the dental examination report significantly increased their awareness of dental care for children. Additionally, 99% of parents supported ensuring children adhere to proper teeth-brushing practices to reduce the risk of cavities. In conclusion, dental examination reports using IDCRA are successful in informing parents about their children’s dental health and raising awareness for parents, students, and teachers to monitor and provide dental care for children.

Dental treatment of children under general anesthesia during the period of matrial law.

Aim: To summarize the experience of providing dental medical care under general anesthesia to children from different regions of Ukraine during the martial law, taking into account the factors affecting the choice of optimal conditions for dental treatment. Materials and Methods: Dental treatment under general anesthesia of 1,258 children from different regions of Ukraine has been performed since March 2022. The condition of the teeth (df, df+DMF, DMF) and hygienic state of the oral cavity (OHI-S) were determined. The level of awareness of parents regarding the preservation of children's dental health was studied through a questionnaire. Results: An unsatisfactory oral hygiene, a high level of caries were found in the vast majority of children. The highest df was observed in the group of children aged 3 to 6 years (7.14±0.33), which is significantly higher than in the group of children under 3 years of age (4.32±1.04, p≤0.05). The worst oral hygiene was observed in children aged 6-12 years (OHI-S 2.62±0.32). An insufficient level of awareness of parents and children regarding dental health was revealed. A total of 1,712 operations under general anesthesia were performed. The majority of patients could not regularly appear for follow-up examinations due to the forced departure from the country. Conclusions: The organization of dental treatment under general anesthesia allows solving a number of problems of dental care for children during the war.

Assessment of Parental Awareness and Knowledge Regarding Testicular Torsion in the Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Background: Testicular torsion (TT) is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention to prevent testicular injury. It is crucial for parents to be aware of this condition, as early recognition and timely medical attention can significantly improve the outcome for affected individuals. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of TT among parents in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia using a survey-based approach. Methods: The survey included questions about the participants’ awareness of TT, its symptoms, risk factors, and recommended management. The findings of the study revealed a significant lack of parental awareness and knowledge regarding TT in the Aseer Region of Saudi Arabia. Results: The survey showed that 62.9% of parents were unsure and unable to differentiate a normal testicle. However, the majority (82.0%) believed that society needs to be more aware of TT and 75.6% expressed concern about the possibility of their child experiencing TT. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to educate parents about the condition, its symptoms, and the importance of timely intervention to prevent testicular damage. Increasing awareness can lead to early recognition and appropriate medical care, reducing the risk of complications associated with TT.

Assessment of parents' awareness of the anti-inflammatory diet and its impact on their child's health: survey study.

The latest evidence highlights that an unhealthy diet and poor nutrition status are some of the modifiable behavioural risk factors responsible for the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Anti-inflammatory diets are important in both the treatment and prevention of disease (e.g. hypertension, obesity, Hashimoto's thyroiditis). The concept of these diets has common core foundations and recommendations. The family environment from early childhood plays aparticularly important role in shaping healthy eating patterns of children and youths. Thus, parents' nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices are essential in preventing NCD development and improving their children's health as their primary guardians. This study aims to assess parents' awareness of an anti-inflammatory diet. A total of 325 parents participated in the study. Data for the study were collected anonymously using the CAWI method. The research tool was an original questionnaire about parents' awareness of anti-inflammatory diets. Of the 325 parents participating in the study, 204 (62.8%) admitted that they did not know which products to use in an anti-inflammatory diet. About half of them (165; 50.8%) had unsatisfactory knowledge of the anti-inflammatory diet, 66 (30.3%) had agood level of knowledge, and only 16 (5.5%) respondents had an excellent level of knowledge. Parental awareness of the use of the anti-inflammatory diet was insufficient in the study group. It seems important to implement appropriate educational activities on the anti-inflammatory diet to expand parents' knowledge of the impact of nutrition on children's development.

A Comprehensive Model for Parental Education Content to Prevent Cyber-Space Harm in Students

Today’s era is known as the era of cyberspace, which experts describe as a double-edged sword. On one hand, the significant influence of cyberspace on all aspects of social life is undeniable, and on the other hand, its harms and threats have also drawn the attention of experts. The aim of the present research is to propose a content model for parental education to prevent the harm of cyberspace among students. This research employs a qualitative method and is applied in nature. The statistical population of this research consists of specialists in the field of cyberspace, with a sample of 11 experts selected using theoretical saturation and convenience sampling. The data collection methods include a review of the literature and semi-structured interviews with experts and specialists. To validate the findings, expert opinions were used, and to ensure reliability, the coefficient of agreement between coders was applied. Data analysis was performed using coding methods. The findings indicated that the content of parental education for preventing cyberspace harm should encompass three components: knowledge (benefits of cyberspace, understanding cyberspace harms, and enhancing parental awareness), attitudes, and skills (technological skills, parenting, and life skills). It can be concluded that by developing their knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward cyberspace, parents can reduce the risks associated with cyberspace for their children to some extent.

Parent&amp;apos;s knowledge, attitude, and practice of children car seats in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Objective: This study aimed to examine parents&amp;apos; awareness of car seats in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data for this study were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire distributed among parents with children aged less than seven years in various areas of Saudi Arabia. The survey was conducted from June to September 2023. The questionnaire was developed in english and translated into Arabic, and the parents took 3-5 minutes to complete the questionnaire. Results: A total of 767 parents took part in the study, and it was discovered that 60.4% used child car seats and a high willingness (93.8%) to use care seats in response to legal violations. The findings discovered significant discrepancies in parental beliefs and behaviors in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: Saudi Arabia needs targeted educational programs and interventions to improve parental awareness of using child safety seats and encourage healthy attitudes and behavior.