The article the article coversthe main theoretical and practical problems related toensuring the right of a citizen of Ukraine to appeal to the European Court of Human Rights. The right to judicial protection is considered as an integral component of the rule of law and an important feature of a legal democratic state. The author of the article emphasizes that the right to go to court cannot be exhausted by national judicial bodies, but provides for the possibility of protecting rights in international courts. In addition, the European Court of Human Rights is an integral part of the judicial system of Ukraine, as a member state of the Council of Europe. The author of the article notes that the procedure for a citizen of Ukraine to appeal to the European Court of Human Rights, although guaranteed by national legislation and a number of internationallegal acts, contains a number of shortcomings that may complicate the realization of the said right. Among such shortcomings, the following are noted: the presence of different approaches to the interpretation of individual rights and principles in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights and Ukrainian courts; duration of court procedures and inconsistency of procedural terms; lack of an effective mechanism for ensuring the execution of decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on the territory of Ukraine, etc. The problem of the lack of a legal culture of appeal to international courts and proper awareness of citizens in Ukraine is emphasized separately.