Aviation Transport Research Articles

Indonesia Zero Emissions Application (EMISI): Methodology for Calculating Individual Emissions from Goods Deliveries, and Marine and Aviation Transport

Human activities can contribute to the production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollutants, thus exacerbating the impact of the climate crisis. The Indonesia Zero Emissions Application (EMISI) was developed in 2020 to help the public and organizations easily calculate and track emissions associated with land transportation activity in Indonesia. The WRI Indonesia team had produced a technical note to extend EMISI platform’s calculator to calculate household emissions. Now, the team has extended the platform to calculate the emissions generated from goods deliveries, and marine, and aviation transportation. More than 50 percent (2018) of transport emissions came from aviation, marine, and road-freight transport (Ritchie 2020), more attention should be given to this sector, especially in an archipelagic country such as Indonesia, where both aviation and marine-based transportation plays a vital role. Additionally, though the government has set up initiatives to accelerate the electrification of the transport sector, aviation, marine, and road freight are difficult to decarbonize and electrify and therefore other efforts to reduce or mitigate emissions from these sectors are important. This technical note focuses on calculating methane (CH4) and CO2 as GHG emissions, followed by carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), fine particulate matter (PM2.5, meaning particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometers), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) as air pollutants, considering their substantial implications for climate change and air pollution. Consequently, further adjustments to methodologies of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are made by adopting Indonesia-specific emission factors, coefficients, and assumptions from best available government data (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource Indonesia 2017; Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia 2017; 2010), with complementary international sources (ICAO 2016; Olmer et al. 2017; United Nations 2020).

Flipping the Aviation English class for distant learning: experience from the field

This study is aimed to verify experimentally the efficiency of the flipped classroom approach using in the process of online teaching Aviation English at National Aviation University. It was conducted from September till December 2020. The research included two groups of students of the second year of study speciality: 272 ‘Aviation Transport'. The experiment employed mixed-method research in convergent design. In the context of the experiment testing to determine students' level of professional language communicative competence in English were conducted in September and December 2020 at the beginning and the end of the first term of the academic year 2020-2021. Testing revealed that students from the experimental group have better results in professional language competence development. A survey was conducted in the experimental group aimed to reveal students' impression from the flipped classroom approach using in distant learning. According to the results of the experiment, it was stated that students have mainly positive attitude to the experiment Advantages and disadvantages of the approach are identified. The conclusion was made that in the context of distance learning, the flipped lessons approach is acceptable for mastering the Aviation English course.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ОБМЕЖЕНЬ У ЗЕМЛЕКОРИСТУВАННІ ЗАСОБАМИ ГЕОІНФОРМАЦІЙНОГО АНАЛІЗУ ПРИ ПРОСТОРОВОМУ ПЛАНУВАННІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПРИАЕРОДРОМНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ)

The purpose of the publication is revealing the features of the geospatial analysis implementation and special software for effective territorial development on the example of the interaction of aviation land use with adjacent territories and global urbanization centers. The necessity of using remote sensing data together with GIS technologies for creation of models and visualization of future synergetic connections of airport infrastructure development and urban land use have been substantiated. Ways of improvement the implementation of planning decision-making processes and regional development under the condition of using high-tech remote sensing-GIS methods as a basis for increasing the level of economically efficient, environmentally balanced, socially orderly land use have been proposed. Changes and additions are offered according to normative-legal acts of regulation of the land use system of aviation transport.

Models and Methods for a Safe Aviation Transport Systems’ Functioning Subject to the Human Factor

Abstract The mathematical methods and the system of built on their basis models are offered. The methods and models are developed to ensure the safe aviation transport systems’ functioning. Different dangerous situations that lead to accidents caused by human factor are analyzed. The ways of prevention this accidents with using developed models are offered. It is suggested using of the developed methods and models in a prospective safety systems for the next-generation airplanes.

Multi-objective Optimization of Vertical Profile Trajectory for Civil Aircraft

In order to further promote the sustainable development of civil aviation transportation industry, how to reduce the operating cost of civil aircraft has always been the focus of research. This paper establishes a performance optimization model of the aircraft on the vertical flight profile, which takes flight fuel cost and time cost as multi-objective functions and adopts energy state approximation method and optimal control theory. The trajectory of an aircraft in climbing, cruising and descent phases has been optimized using the established model and then simulated with the MATLAB software. The comparison results show that both fuel cost and time cost are significantly reduced through trajectory optimization.

A structured data preprocessing method based on hybrid encoding

With the rapid development of civil aviation transportation industry, the passenger throughput in civil aviation is increasing, while the problem of flight delays is becoming more and more serious. For flight delay prediction under big data, deep learning methods can be applied to make high-precision predictions. Since data preprocessing is one of the most important parts, the method based on hybrid encoding is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the flight and meteorological data are fused with the associated primary key, Since weather data has a greater impact on flight delay. Then, the fused data is encoded according to different data types. Min-Max encoding is used for continuous features, and CatBoost encoding is adopted for discrete features respectively. Finally, the data set which has been preprocessed can be put into the deep convolutional neural network ResNet to verify the effect. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy rate of flight delay level can reach 94.02% on the structured data set after hybrid encoding.

Application and Research Based on Advanced Low-Emission Aero-Engine Combustion Chamber Technology in Domestic Large Aircraft

The international limits on pollution emissions from civil aviation transportation are becoming more and more stringent. Combustion chambers are the only source of pollution emissions from civil aviation engines. Reducing the amount of pollutant e missions is an important task facing the development of combustion chambers. Low-e mission combustion technology as one of the key technologies of civil aviation engines, it is the core technology that supports the development and market entry of civil aviation engines. In order to study the pressure oscillation characteristics of the low-emission combustion chamber under typical working conditions, the self-excited combustion oscillation characteristic test of the model combustion chamber is carried out. The results show that the local equivalent ratio pulsation is one of the factors that cause combustion instability. By calculating the maximum particle size of the fuel droplets in the secondary atomization state of the fuel, it is found that the change of the fuel droplet size has a direct effect on the local equivalent ratio pulsation at the outlet of the main fuel stage, which causes the amplitude and frequency of the combustion chamber pressure oscillation Variety.

Indicators of air transport sustainable development

World leaders gathered at the United Nations (UN) and adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It is a plan of action aimed at achieving global sustainable development in economic, social and environmental areas, which ensures that no UN member state is left behind. The 17 sustainable development goals on the 2030 Agenda can be used as benchmarks for the coordinated development of UN member states. Aviation safety is an important component of the concept of general national security, the system of personal security, ecological and public safety and transport safety from external and internal threats. Maintaining an acceptable level of national aviation safety is a priority for the industry. The aviation transport is a part of the transport complex of Ukraine, which is an important component in the structure of the national economy and a link between all components of economic security to ensure the basic conditions of life and development of the state and society. The assessment of economic, technological, safety, social and ecological hazards is an integral part of all the logical blocks of the structural and functional scheme of strategic management of aviation safety in terms of sustainable development of the national economy. The task of the article is to determine and substantiate the main indicators of economic and technological development, safety, social and environmental components of air transport and assess their level. In the article the authors propose and present the dynamics in the period from 2010 to 2020 of 29 indicators of sustainable development of air transport of Ukraine, such us share of aviation transport in the gross value added (transport and communications); level of investment in aviation transport; level of export services of air transport; level of import services of aviation transport; level of shadowing of aviation transport; coefficient of manufacturability of aviation transport; capital utilization coefficient; level of shadow capital load; level of use of passenger capacity of aircraft and helicopters; level of renewal of fixed assets; cargo transport capacity of GDP by aviation transport; passenger transport capacity of GDP by aviation transport; average distance of cargo aviation transportation; average distance of passenger aviation transportation; ratio of domestic and international aviation transportation; catastrophes, accidents, serious coefficients for regular commercial/irregular commercial/non-commercial flights and execution of aviation works/training flights; level of wages in the production of aviation transport; level of employment in air transport; coefficient of population mobility; level of official GVA created by shadow wages; level of shadow employment; level of CO2 emissions of aviation transport of Ukraine to GDP; level of emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere; level of environmental costs of aviation transport. Authors determine their threshold and optimal values. Indicators are given in groups in the above areas. Indicators are divided into stimulants (indicators that contribute to the sustainable development of air transport and the national economy) and disincentives (indicators that hinder the sustainable development of air transport and the national economy). The solution of this problem will make it possible to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the current state of air transport in Ukraine on the basis of a systematic approach

Aviation transport development trends in Ukraine

The paper substantiates the number of passenger flows by different modes of transport for the last 40 years and analyzes passenger flows by Ukrainian airlines. The share of different types of transport in the total volume of passenger traffic during the years of independence of Ukraine is compared, and the corresponding conclusions concerning tendencies of development of air transport in Ukraine are made. It has been proven that high-income passengers remain the main type of passengers on domestic routes. Further growth in demand will depend on the growth of the country's economy, airline tariff policy, frequency of flights and ease of connections. The significant growth of passenger traffic in the international connection is partly explained by the trends that began in 1990. Following Ukraine's declaration of independence, imports of imported goods have increased significantly and demand for travel abroad has grown significantly. It should also be noted that the transport infrastructure of Ukraine allows to reach any point of the country using terrestrial modes of transport, which are significantly cheaper than aviation. It is no wonder, therefore, that most domestic airlines are focused on international transportation. Considerable potential for the development of international flights lies directly in the geographical location of the country, which is capable of providing high transit passenger traffic. Analyzing the work of Central European airports, it should be noted that Ukraine was the leader in the growth of passenger traffic. Airports of Ukraine served 10.7 mln passengers in six months, which is 20 % more than in the same period last year. In terms of passengers number carried, Ukraine came second after Poland – 22.3 mln passengers. Romania is in third place with 10.5 mln passengers.

The Food Supply of Besieged Leningrad and the Evacuation of the Population by Using Aviation in the Autumn of 1941

The author examined how besieged Leningrad was provided with various cargoes in the period from September to December 1941. During this period, the Moscow and Northern special forces organized the transportation of food, equipment, weapons, and devices by air. The investigation centered on the establishment of the Khvoinaya-Leningrad line with aircraft of the Civil Air Fleet of the USSR, and on the locations of bases on the mainland and in the blocked city. Equally considered is the composition of the aviation groups, the total number of aircraft on the line by month, as well as statistics concerning repair and irrevocable losses. Based on materials from Moscow and St. Petersburg archives, statistical data are presented that characterize the entire process of the air bridge. Reports of the Civil Air Fleet, the Special Northern aviation group, and Leningrad airport, provide generalized data on the results of transport aviation activities in the autumn of 1941, including the number and composition of evacuated skilled workers and members of the civilian population from Leningrad. The analysis revealed the daily volume of goods delivered to the city, including the total amount of food, equipment, weapons, and devices received. Finally, the article reviews the reasons and consequences of the unexpected closure of the established airline and the relocation of the Douglas-type aircraft to Moscow.

Architecture of intelligent aviation transport system operating in conditions of uncertainty

Architecture of intelligent aviation transport system operating in conditions of uncertainty

Humanity’s environmental problems can only be fixed by changing the system. The coronavirus offers a chance.

Societies need to introduce much more radical emissions reductions targets than those agreed in Paris if they are to successfully slow the pace of change. Covid-19 makes this possible. By forcing aviation and other transportation businesses to downsize emissions have started to fall. By paying people to stay at home governments have shown that they can support them during a transition. Societies should grasp this unique chance for radical social and economic reform.

Частотно-регульований електропривід для системи запуску газотурбінного двигуна військово-транспортного літака

З урахуванням специфіки режиму запуску військово-транспортного літака запропоновано його стартер-генератор виконувати на основі асинхронного двигуна змінного струму з модульним принципом регулювання частоти обертання. Система управління, що пропонується, має канали регулювання частоти та напруги живлення електродвигуна. Це дозволяє досягти оптимального співвідношення між динамічними та енергетичними характеристиками системи електроприводу. В результаті аналізу процесів в замкнених контурах напруги та частоти знайдені умови, які за допомогою функціонального перетворювача дозволяють підтримувати рівність між відносними значеннями частоти та напруги при постійному моменті навантаження, що забезпечує мінімальні втрати потужності в електродвигуні.

The Effects of Key Influencing Factors on Unsafe Events in Airport Flight Areas According to Time Series Data.

This study applied modern econometric models to analyze the factors affecting the number of unsafe events (NUE) in the airport flight area using time series data from 1993 to 2017. Influencing factors considered in this article include gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (GDPPC), household consumption level (HCL), the civil aviation passenger turnover (CAPT), the number of civil aviation transport aircraft (NCATA), the total population of the whole country, and the number of civil aviation employment (NCAE). First, the Johansen cointegration test results demonstrate that HCL, NCATA, and NCAE have long-term effects on unsafe events-namely, a 1% increase in HCL corresponds to an average 0.262% increase in NUE. In addition, a 1% increase in NCATA correlates to an average 2.339% increase, and a 1% increase in NCAE corresponds to an average 2.202% decrease in NUE with fixed variables. The analysis results based on the vector error correction model suggest that CAPT has short-term effects on unsafe events and positively correlates to unsafe events. The results of the impulse response function also indicate that the impact of NUE in the previous period on the change of NUE gradually weakens and finally tends to be stable. Finally, NCATA is found to promote the change of NUE significantly. Similarly, the results of variance decomposition also indicate that NCATA has the greatest contribution to the change of NUE, followed by NUE in the previous period. The findings reveal the effects of key factors on the change of unsafe events in airport flight areas, thus providing a valuable theoretical basis for preventing the occurrence of unsafe incidents.

Research on Cost Management of the Value Chain of China’s Civil Aviation Transportation Industry based on the the Big Data Technology

The traditional value chain of civil aviation transportation industry lacks flexibility and uniqueness. Therefore, this paper intends to make a scientific research on the value chain cost management of China’s civil aviation transportation industry based on big data technology. First of all, for aviation enterprises, cost management is an important guarantee for their enhanced competitiveness and sustainable development. Secondly, the perfect cost management provides effective decision-making basis for the operation of enterprises. Furthermore, it is a great significance for aviation enterprises optimizing cost management. The value chain of civil aviation transportation industry combined with big data technology overcomes some shortcomings, which provides new ideas for cost management, value creation and core competitiveness of civil aviation transport industry. Next, this paper will use computer technology to analyze the current situation of civil aviation transportation industry. Then it introduces the content of value chain cost management, including entity value chain and virtual value chain. Finally, through big data technology to build a value chain cost management system suitable for civil aviation transportation industry.

The impact of thermodynamics parameters of turbofan engine with ITB on its performance

Presented paper is focused on the influence of additional combustor chamber named inter turbine burner on turbofan engine unit parameters. Investigation has been made how changing selected engine parameters affect its performance. A comparison has been made between the baseline turbofan engine and the engine with ITB. Engine thermodynamics model was prepared in MATLAB software. Main combustion chamber was fueled by kerosene, commmonly used in aviation transport, while inter turbine burner by alternative fuel. As an alternative fuel were choose liquid hydrogen and methane. Numerical researches were carried out for take-off conditions. Engine specific thrust and specific fuel consumption were obtained as a function of bypass ratio, turbine inlet temperature, fan pressure ratio, HPC and LPC pressure ratio. The results of the study indicate that hybrid engine with additional combustion chamber fueled by hydrogen fuel is more efficient than other studied cases.

Переподготовка авиационного персонала в организациях разработчика и производителя вертолетной техники – необходимое условие качества функционирования авиационной транспортной системы

The article discusses one of the components of the aviation transport system of civil aviation in Russia – the training center for aviation personnel on the example of the aviation training center of JSC «Kamov». The problematic issues related to the training of domestic and foreign aviation specialists in the organization of the developer and manufacturer of aviation equipment are analyzed, both through civil aviation and within the framework of military-technical cooperation.

Subcontracting and low pay kill: lessons from the health and safety consequences of sweated labour in the garment industry, 1880–1920

ABSTRACT Over the past 20 years, regular reports of eroding safety standards and deaths among workers, customers and other members of the public in an array of industries ranging from transport (ride-share platforms, long-haul trucking and aviation), construction (including, in Australia, insulation batts installation), mining, oil rigs and refineries, and factories, have emerged. These workplace deaths shared one largely overlooked characteristic; all involved subcontracted work arrangements and sometimes very elaborate supply chains. Where these fatalities have been subject to critical investigation, three causal factors consistently emerge, namely economic/cost pressures compromising safety, disorganisation, and regulatory failure. These failures raise important political and industrial questions, not the least of which is the social cost of dominant neoliberal policy-settings that encourage subcontracting practices. Furthermore, historical object lessons can provide insights because subcontracting of work is by no means new. Drawing on evidence from the garment industry, predominantly in the UK, but with reference to the USA and other countries, this paper highlights substantial historical evidence of the safety risks embedded in this type of business/work arrangement. The inquiries and investigations into sweated labour discussed here not only highlighted risks to health; they also suggest a contemporary need for urgent reform to the regulation of work in order to mitigate the prospective risks of injury and disease, including epidemics.

Creation of aviation transport and logistic clusters network

In the transport and logistics systems of the Ukrainian regions, the constituent elements of different types of vehicles, airports, seaports, railway junctions, logistics centers are separated and aimed at achieving individual goals.

코로나19 팬데믹에 대한 항공운송체계 위험경감 방안

코로나19 위기가 확산되면서 항공운송시스템은 급속하고 심각한 위기에 직면하게 됨에 따라 국제민간항공기구(ICAO)에서는 민간항공재개 T/F위원회(Council Aviation Recovery Task Force, CART) 설립을 통해 체약국, 국제 및 지역기구 및 업계와의 협력 하에 이러한 과제를 해결하고, 항공 부문의 지속 가능하며 안전한 재개 및 복구를 위한 국제 지침을 마련하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 코로나19 상황에서 최근 국제사회를 중심으로 전개하고 있는 민간항공 재개 조치를 파악하기 위해 마련된 CART 등 국제기준을 활용해 항공운송의 안전한 재개를 위한 조치를 다각도로 살펴보고 이를 토대로 국내 민간항공 운송체계에 대한 위험경감 대응방안을 제시하고자 한다. 항공운송체계의 위험경감을 위해 국제적인 변화 추세를 수용하고 특히 ICAO 내부 체계 및 이행절차 등을 반영하여 항공 관련 규제 및 거버넌스를 가능하게 하는 새로운 방안을 채택하는 것이 필요하며, 유연한 업무 및 회의 준비, 가속화된 디지털화 및 제안에 대한 신속 정확한 처리 등을 모두 항공산업 대응방안을 위한 규제에 반영하는 것이 필요하다.