Aviation Security System Research Articles

Retro analysis of the development of the aviation security system in Ukraine

Various measures to ensure the safety of civil aviation flights in Ukraine from the time of its inception to the present are considered in a historical aspect at certain stages of activity, mainly organizational, scientific and technical and personal factors regarding the minimization of risks in civil aviation. The article confirms that at all stages of the more than 100-year history of civil aviation of Ukraine, various measures were constantly taken to ensure flight safety and minimize risks in aviation, especially since the second half of the 20th century. Innovative achievements of designers, scientists, engineers and technicians, training of highly qualified aviation specialists at the national and international level have become the achievement of global aviation. The integration of domestic aviation into the European and world community contributed to the strengthening of aviation safety in Ukraine.

ANALISIS SISTEM KERJA UNIT AVIATION SECURITY (AVSEC) DALAM MENJAMIN KEAMANAN DAN KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN DI BANDAR UDARA WAMENA PAPUA

Every Airport must have an Aviation Security and safety system to realize the flight is carried out safely and safely in accordance with the flight plan. The research was conducted at wamena Airport, Papua, releated to the security and safety of flights at wamena airport, Papua and Aviation Security support facilities. From the observations of researchers, there are many events that occur at Wamena Airport that can interfere with flight security and safety. This study aims to find out how the Aviation Security unit works in ensuring flight security and safety at Wamena Papua Airport.
 This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive qualitative type. This study takes data from documentation, observations and interviews conducted with Senior Aviation Security Officers, Junior Aviation Security and Basic Aviation Security Officers. The data analysis technique used credibility test and data analysis. This research was conducted at Wamena Airport, Papua.
 The results of the research conducted by researchers that the supporting equipment for the Aviation Security unit at Wamena Airport is adequate but there are equipment that cannot be operated and the lack of human resources for Aviation security officers at Wamena Airport and many do not have a license and SKP.

LEGAL AND REGULATORY RESPONSES ADOPTED BY KENYA TO COMBAT TERRORISM IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY

Terrorist acts against the civil aviation industry have remained sustained since the first recorded aircraft hijack in February 1931. The devastating effects of a successful terror attack in the aviation industry transcend the jurisdictions of many states, threatening their national and human security. This study sought to analyse the responses to combat terrorism within the aviation industry in Kenya. It employed the exploratory research design. This design is appropriate for a research problem in cases where there are few documented studies for reference. Secondary data was collected from government publications, websites, internal records and reports, conference proceedings, research articles, and books, among others. The data collected was analysed thematically. The findings show that due to the many devastating terrorist attacks in Kenya, a number of legal measures have been progressively initiated to strengthen the security of all aspects of Kenya’s commercial civil aviation against terror attacks. These include the protection of Aircraft Act, 1970 (revised in 2012). Article 2(6) of the Constitution of Kenya provides that any treaty or convention ratified by Kenya shall form part of the law of Kenya. Another Act put in place is The Civil Aviation Act, 2002 (revised 2013), which established the KCAA to regulate and oversee aviation safety and security as guided by the provisions of the Convention on the International Civil Aviation. There is also the Kenya Security Laws Amendment Act, 2014 (Section 75) which provided for the establishment of a mechanism for coordinating counter-terrorism measures in all entry and exit ports in the country. There are also numerous regulatory strategies adopted to combat terrorism in Kenya’s aviation industry. The country has also put in place elaborate regulations on Preventive Security Measures contained in Part IV of the Civil Aviation (Security) Regulations, 2019. Further, the country has instituted the training program with aims to ensure that personnel of all entities involved with or responsible for the implementation of various aspects of aviation security are properly trained on the appropriate standards for tasks in accordance with the national civil aviation security program. The country also undertakes Aviation Security Audits and Reviews. It can thus be concluded that Kenya has adopted elaborate legal and regulatory responses to combat terrorism in the aviation industry. These have been largely successful in combating aviation terrorism in Kenya. Based on the study findings, there is a need for regular reviews of the various legal and regulatory responses to combatting terrorism in Kenya to enhance their efficacy and responsiveness to the dynamism of international terrorism. Furthermore, the training strategies should be strengthened through increased funding to enhance the domestication of the various legal and regulatory responses in the various aviation security agencies in Kenya. KCAA should also increase the frequency of aviation security audits, inspections, system tests, investigations, and surveys on airports, airlines, cargo agents, and inflight catering operators among others in response to increased sophistication of international terrorism.

ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНО-ЕМКОСТНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО С ДВУМЯ АВТОГЕНЕРАТОРАМИ

The article describes the structure, design, installation, functionality, technical parametersof a capacitive device used in security and warning systems for the perimeters of objects, as wellas a circuit of a patented differential-capacitive sensor with two autogenerators, which is part ofthe device, the probability of detecting unauthorized intrusions is calculated and estimated usingthe device. The operation of the capacitive sensor is found in the transformations of the change inthe capacitance of two sensitive elements relative to the Earth, the possibility of a protective fence,the change in frequency using autogenerators when approaching or touching them on externalfaces, and the principle of operation of the capacitive device is based on detecting detection whenthe frequency difference of the autogenerators exceeds the set limit value. The advantage ofautogenerators circuits built on logic elements in a differential capacitive sensor is shown, to theinputs of which sensitive elements are connected, one of which is used as a signal, and the other asa reference generator. It is shown that when RLC-elements with lumped parameters and quartzresonators are not used as frequency counters, the circuits of self-oscillators built on digitalmicrocircuits according to the same scheme and their adaptation to changes in the externalenvironment are greatly simplified. happens automatically. To transfer the high frequency signalsof the generators to the laptop, first these signals are converted into low frequency signals throughfrequency dividers, which are in the frequency counters, then these low frequency signals areconverted into digital signals using the Arduino Uno module. The software written on the laptopcalculates the frequency difference and generates an alarm at a certain value of the difference.According to the calculations, a rather high probability of detecting unauthorized intrusions onobjects and the efficiency of using a security warning device with a differential capacitive sensorbased on two self-oscillators in the aviation security system were noted.

The concept of the development of Russian legislation in the field of aviation security

The study of the place of aviation security in the structure of transport security is conditioned by theoretical and practical needs in determining the need to preserve or exclude the existing dual legal regulation of legal relations by the norms of Russian air legislation and legislation in the field of transport security. Currently, the legal norms regulating: the definition of organizations authorized to protect air transport; the definition of requirements for the protection of air transport, including inspection measures; certification and training of specialists (personnel) directly performing functions in the field of aviation security are duplicated. Based on the comparison of concepts, content and principles of transport and aviation security, the general and special features in their legal regulation as a whole and private are revealed. The purpose of the study was an attempt to define the concept of development of Russian legislation in the field of aviation security from acts of unlawful interference, taking into account the draft law "On Amendments to the Federal Law "On Transport Security" and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" developed by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation. The analysis made it possible to draw conclusions that the draft law proposed by the Ministry of Transport of Russia radically changes the state approach to regulating legal relations in the field of aviation security. It seems necessary to conduct additional discussions and assess the regulatory impact of the proposed draft law on the possibility of developing the Russian aviation business in the conditions of abandonment of the federal aviation security system. Based on the analysis, the author's concepts of "aviation security" and "act of unlawful interference" are proposed, the necessity of making appropriate amendments to Article 83 of the Air Code of the Russian Federation is substantiated. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that an industry approach is proposed in the public administration of the legal relations under consideration, taking into account the specifics of air transport and a significant amount of international law on the protection of aviation.

Impact of the Epidemic Threat on Changes in the Civil Aviation Security System due to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Impact of the Epidemic Threat on Changes in the Civil Aviation Security System due to SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

The UWB Radar Application in the Aviation Security Systems

In the process of our research, we have identified new methods of processing ultra-wide-band (UWB) radar signals and possibilities of the UWB radar use in aviation security systems. We paid our main attention to finding new algorithms for tracking the movement of a person behind an obstacle using the UWB radar. Such UWB radar application is typical for tracking the movement of people behind obstacles in case of security forces intervention at an airport. In the research process, we used methods of analysis, synthesis, and measured data from the performed experiment. The main contribution of the paper is the development of new algorithms for locating the movement of a person behind an obstacle using a straight- line method in the case of using two independent UWB radar systems. The article did not examine the accuracy of determining the position of a person behind the obstacle. We found that when applying the Kalman filter after signal processing by the straight-line method, the trajectory of the person’s movement behind the obstacle was smoother. The results of processing the measurement signals of UWB radar by the linear method have shown that this method is applicable to tracking a person behind an obstacle and can be used in aviation security systems.

The Paradoxes of Aviation Security and Some Approaches to their Formal Description

Civil aviation, in the process of implementing its target function for organizing air transport, faces, among other things, the problem of ensuring the safety of these transportations. Security is a multi – valued concept that characterizes the security and low level of risk for a person, society, or any other subjects, objects, or their systems. In civil aviation, there are many areas of applicability of this concept that differ in their physical meaning and subject content. One of these areas is aviation security, which protects civil aviation from illegal interference in its activities. Currently, aviation security as a scientific field includes a set of scientific and methodological tools for solving problems that can be classified as poorly formalized. This is determined by a number of paradoxes that arise within the aviation security system. The formal description of these paradoxes is a rather complex and multidimensional problem that requires the use of complex, often heuristic, methods to solve it. The paper attempts to obtain a formal description of some of the paradoxes, which will allow the use of mathematical modeling methods for the study of aviation security systems.

Development of a strategy for the protection of information resources of the airport

The article considers the problems of research of scientific and practical activity of the airport complex. It is proved that the aviation security system monitors the activities of the SAB, and quantitative assessment of the level of informatization of aviation security at the airport, emphasizes the need for the management system to protect the concept of creating an independent airport security system. The author argues that the assessment of cyber risks, as one of the components of the synergistic effect of the measures taken against acts of unlawful interference, will prevent cybercriminals.

AVIATION SECURITY TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19

The goal of this article is to identify objective preconditions for developing and applying new technologies in aviation security at the time of pandemic and during post-pandemic times. The article focuses on the necessity to ensure the needs through securing an appropriate legal and normative framework pertinent to this process. Research methods: applying systemic-structural and communication methods helped the researcher to identify and analyze the common trends in applying new technologies to ensure security of aviation and address the respective challenges of legal nature. Results: as a result of academic research, the main directions for securing a legal and normative framework allowing to apply news technologies in ensuring aviation security at the time of COVID-19 crisis and during post-crisis times, were formulated. Discussion: the COVID-19 crisis is a global threat that has considerably affected security of aviation. At the same time, this threat has served as an impetus for the adoption of measures for use of new technologies in security of aviation as well as an impetus for ensuring respective legal and normative framework. A special attention in this article is drawn to legal support for the use of key technologies helping to provide security of aviation systems in future. The article demonstrates the ways to resolve legal challenges pertinent to ensuring air travel in the time of the COVID-19 crisis as well as within the post-crisis times. It suggests the ways to restore customers’ trust and to improve aviation security systems. COVID-19 as a threat, might keep affecting the world for many more years. In recent times, the technologies played a significant role in ensuring people’s and goods’ movement within a global scale, at the same time ensuring the safety of countries. But can these technologies play the same role in the times of the COVID-19 crisis? - «yes» Security technologies will increasingly pay an important role in diminishing the risks to safety and health of people. To play this role, the processes and technologies, the airports and air carriers shall restore the trust of travelers, through at the same time minimizing the need for quarantine measures around the globe. This will require further polishing and renewal of current approach, e.g. aviation security systems have to become smarter.

A Study on the Improvement of Aviation Security System for the Prevention of Terrorism in Aircraft - Focusing on the Prevention, Preparedness, Response and Punishment Regulations of the Aviation Security Act-

A Study on the Improvement of Aviation Security System for the Prevention of Terrorism in Aircraft - Focusing on the Prevention, Preparedness, Response and Punishment Regulations of the Aviation Security Act-

DIAGNOSIS OF THE CIVIL AVIATION PROTECTION SYSTEM AGAINST TERRORIST ATTACKS IN THE UNITED STATES

The article presents the results of research that focus on the problem of developing by the United States effective legal, organizational and technical so-lutions to increase the security of civil aviation, including passengers on board aircraft and at airports. An important part of scientific considerations was to characterize the organization of security systems at airports operating in the United States. The presented results are not limited to the theoretical aspects of counteracting terrorism, but also characterize practical organizational and technical projects implemented in the aviation security system in the USA

Funding aviation security: Regional cost of a national benefit

Aviation security failures have an impact much more significant than just the first-line victims. A literature review shows entire industries (eg tourism) and countries (and regions) suffer as a result of a successful attack. The Australian case is examined, in which a documented history of especially government realisation that the current security funding system is unfair and increasingly unaffordable exists. Security charge data is used to calculate the full cost of security provision at a number of Australia’s security controlled airports. A clear pattern is identified. The aviation security system is designed to keep the aviation network safe. It is, however, found that regional and rural passengers are subsidising those from major airports. Considering the data and various international security funding models, it is found that a domestic network security charge will drastically reduce the security cost of all rural, regional and a number of major airports in Australia to only AU$2.71 per passenger. Two major airports are identified that on a per-person basis will be required to make additional contributions to the national aviation network. A number of issues around transparency, affordability and fairness are raised by the data.

PENGATURAN KEWENANGAN KANTOR OTORITAS BANDAR UDARA DALAM PELAKSANAAN PENGAWASAN BANDARA MENURUT UNDANGUNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PENERBANGAN (Studi Bandar Udara Minangkabau)

Aviation security and safety has an important and strategic role in flight management, so that its operation is controlled by the State of Coaching carried out by the government in a unified civil aviation security and safety service system. Law No. 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation is to improve the surveillance system for airlines, including flight operators. In carrying out its duties, namely ensuring the level of suitability of the operator's application with applicable international rules. Therefore, the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. PM 41 of 2011 was formed concerning the Organization and Work Procedures of the Office of the Airport Authority (Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 41 of 2011). This Ministerial Regulation changes the procedures of the previous organization, namely the Airport Administrator Office. This is an effort to realize the flight operations that are safe, secure, fast, smooth, orderly and integrated and integrated with other modes of transportation. Based on the results of the discussion and analysis it can be concluded that the Airport Authority Office of Region VI Padang as the Technical Implementation Unit, in the supervision function has become the duty and responsibility to monitor all activities of airport aerialism. In accordance with the regulations applicable, the Office of the VI - Padang Airport Authority conducts programs such as conducting field monitoring, conducting inspections, conducting Ramp checks and socializing the community and elements related to the latest regulations on aviation. The obstacles found in the implementation of the authority of the Airport Authority Office in the implementation of airport supervision there are still negligent / careless airline operators to follow up on issues found in the field which is a great potential that can threaten aviation safety and flight security. It still lows the fulfillment of the quality and quantity of Flight Inspectors and administrative officers at the Office of the Airport Authority. HR of both quality and quantity is still inadequate in carrying out its duties and functions.

The impact of conditional dependence on checked baggage screening

Checked baggage screening, an important layer of an aviation security system, has gained a lot of research interest in the literature. Due to the different characteristics (for example, cost, capacity, and efficiency) of various screening devices, several cost-benefit models have been proposed to help select screening devices to include in a checked baggage screening system. Almost all cost-benefit models involving multiple devices implicitly assume that, given that a bag carries a threat or not, the responses from different screening devices are conditionally independent. This assumption may not hold in real situations because one device’s response may be positively or negatively correlated with another device’s response. In this paper, we bridge this research gap and address the impact of conditional dependence on checked baggage screening based on a more general system configuration and an existing cost-benefit model. The cost-benefit model investigates a two-device screening system with the objective of minimizing the expected cost per bag. Our detailed numerical results suggest that (1) the higher the correlation coefficient, the higher the optimal expected cost per bag, (2) incorporating correlation coefficients may even alter the choice of devices to include in the optimal screening system, and (3) the more the responses are correlated, the higher the relative increase of the optimal expected cost per bag when ignoring conditional dependence.

Polski system ochrony lotnictwa cywilnego przed aktem bezprawnej ingerencji

Polski system ochrony lotnictwa cywilnego przed aktem bezprawnej ingerencji

Selecting and understanding aviation security systems: Cutting through the marketing hype

The introduction of new, advanced security technologies into the airport market has led to greater confusion, expense and complexity in the delivery of a safer, more secure environment for passengers and stakeholders. Many new technologies and capabilities have been introduced and sold, largely on the appeal of being high-tech and cutting edge, while the true costs, challenges, practicalities and difficulties in implementation and delivery are obscured or omitted. This is further complicated by a reduction in professional, expert support, oversimplified procurement practices, and an emphasis on staying current or even cutting edge. Airport operators and security professionals can avoid costly disappointments by better understanding the true capabilities of many of these technologies, and taking a step back to look at the broader picture, from operational concepts to the actual delivery of the security service and systems.

Experience Feedback Committee: a management tool to improve patient safety in mental health.

BackgroundA management tool, called the Experience Feedback Committee, has been applied for patient safety and successfully used in medical departments. The purpose of this study was to analyse the functioning of an Experience Feedback Committee in a psychiatric department and to explore its contribution to the particular issues of patient safety in mental health.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive study based on all the written documents produced by the Experience Feedback Committee between March 2010 and January 2013. The study was conducted in Grenoble University Hospital in France. We analysed all reported incidents, reports of meetings and event analysis reports. Adverse events were classified according to the Conceptual Framework for the International Classification for Patient Safety.ResultsA total of 30 meetings were attended by 22 professionals including seven physicians and 12 paramedical practitioners. We identified 475 incidents reported to the Experience Feedback Committee. Most of them (92 %) had no medical consequence for the patient. Eleven incidents were investigated with an analysis method inspired by civil aviation security systems. Twenty-one corrective actions were set up, including eight responses to the specific problems of a mental health unit, such as training to respond to situations of violence or management of suicide attempts.ConclusionsThe Experience Feedback Committee makes it possible to involve mental healthcare professionals directly in safety management. This tool seems appropriate to manage specific patient safety issues in mental health.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12991-015-0062-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Finding a needle in a haystack: Toward a psychologically informed method for aviation security screening.

Current aviation security systems identify behavioral indicators of deception to assess risks to flights, but they lack a strong psychological basis or empirical validation. We present a new method that tests the veracity of passenger accounts. In an in vivo double-blind randomized-control trial conducted in international airports, security agents detected 66% of deceptive passengers using the veracity test method compared with less than 5% using behavioral indicator recognition. As well as revealing advantages of veracity testing over behavioral indicator identification, the study provides the highest levels to date of deception detection in a realistic setting where the known base rate of deceptive individuals is low.

A Method of Analysis of Acts of Unlawful Interference in Civil Aviation

This publication aims to present a model of civil aviation security system in Poland and the author’s own method of analysis of acts of unlawful interference in air travel according to the theory of J. Reason (so-called “Swiss cheese method”) specifically adopted for this purpose. An analytical approach demands defining an interferential safety subject in air travel, characteristics of the security system and its components as well as defining the catalogue of the acts of unlawful interference, which constitute the introduction to their analysis.