Average Stress Level Research Articles

The impact of NICU client-centered, written, and visual reporting on maternal stress and attachment post-infant heart surgery

BackgroundIn this study, we explored the impact of client-centered, written and visual reporting based on the Newborn Individualized Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) approach on stress levels and attachment among mothers with neonates hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit following open heart surgery. MethodsThe clinical trial involved 70 mothers with an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit following heart surgery at Children's Medical Center in Tehran. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the control group (35 mothers) or the intervention group (35 mothers). While the control group adhered to regular daily visits to their sick infant as part of the hospital routine, the intervention group in addition to these visits, received daily written and visual reports, based on the NIDCAP approach standards for a week through WhatsApp messenger. Maternal Stress levels and attachment were assessed on the 7th day and again two weeks post-intervention. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. ResultsThe intervention group experienced a significant reduction in stress levels. Mean stress levels decreased from 102.57 ± 30.8 to 72.25 ± 15.81 on the day 7th. Two weeks post-intervention, the average stress level further decreased to 62.08 ± 15.00(p < 0.05). Interestingly there was a slight increase in attachment score in the intervention group after one week. However, at the end of the study, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups. ConclusionClient-centered reporting based on the NIDCAP approach could substantially reduce stress levels among mothers with hospitalized newborns in neonatal cardiac surgery units. Especially when the constant presence of parents at the newborn's bedside is not possible, this approach could be considered a practical, innovative, and effective method to reduce maternal stress levels in the NICUs after heart surgery.

Nurses' strategies for coping with stress in the face of the influx of war refugees from Ukraine to Poland.

Russian military's incursion into Ukraine sparked the largest refugee crisis in Europe since World War II. As Ukraine's neighboring country, Poland became the primary destination for these refugees. Ukrainians staying in Poland under the EU's Temporary Protection Directive receive humanitarian support similarly to asylum seekers, but the legal pathways, length of stay and integration processes differ significantly as the Directive provides for more immediate, collective protection without the complexity of individual asylum applications. The influx of war refugees generates extremely complex situations that health personnel, especially nurses, must face on a daily basis. Identify whether and to what extent the emergence of a large number of patients with war-related experiences constituted a source of stress for nurses, and how Polish nurses coped with this issue. A cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2022 in Białystok, Poland. It included 473 certified nurses working in hospitals affiliated with the District Chamber of Nurses in Białystok. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) questionnaire and Mini-COPE inventory (Polish version of Carver'a BriefCOPE inventory were used in the study. The average stress level among nurses was moderate, with nearly equal proportions of nurses experiencing low, medium, and high stress levels. Nurses who had contact with refugees in the last six months and/or helped them, did not present an increased level of stress - on the contrary, this level was lower. Nurses who helped refugees at work more often used a planning strategy in stressful situations, and less frequently reacted to stress using humour, religion, denial or venting. The greater workload and more frequent contacts between Polish nurses and Ukrainian war refugees were a factor increasing work fatigue, but, paradoxically, at the same time reducing the level of stress in a situation giving the feeling of a duty well fulfilled. Empowering nurses through greater autonomy and fostering supportive work environments, especially in crisis situations like the care of war refugees has a positive impact on coping with stress.

Self-Perceived Stress and the Personality of Mothers of Children with Central Auditory Processing Disorder, as Well as in Mothers of Typically Developing Children, Before and Late in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This study aims to measure, at two time points, the relationship between self-perceived global stress and the personality traits of the mothers of children who have central auditory processing disorder (APD) and compare it with the results from mothers of typically developing (TD) children. The comparisons were made before the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as late in the pandemic. The level of stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), while the Short Big Five Markers (IPIP-BFM-20) were used to assess Big Five personality traits. The study used two independent samples: one evaluated before the COVID-19 pandemic and the other late in the pandemic. Each sample consisted of 108 mothers of children with APD and 79 mothers whose children did not have APD (TD children) as controls. The average global stress levels were similar in mothers of children with APD and in mothers of TD children, both before and in the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the late stage, both sets of mothers scored similarly on all personality dimensions, but significantly, mothers of TD children exhibited lower emotional stability compared to during the pre-pandemic period. In both groups, emotional stability predicted global stress level at both time points; however, during the pandemic, conscientiousness also became a predictor of global stress level but only in the group of mothers of TD children. Mothers of APD children might be more resistant to additional stressors. It would be prudent to watch mothers of APD and TD children for signs of needing psychological intervention.

Postoperative Pain Comparison Between Alcohol-Assisted and Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy Using Nepafenac Treatment: A Novel Study.

The study aimed to compare postoperative pain between alcohol-assisted and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in patients who received the novel analgesic preoperative nepafenac treatment 2days preoperatively and 3days postoperatively. Pain, stinging, tearing, light sensitivity, and stress levels were evaluated. The study included a retrospective analysis of 55 patients divided into two groups: bilateral alcohol-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (aa-PRK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (transepithelial-PRK). Nepafenac was administered for pain control for all patients, with patients receiving four drops for 2 days before the surgery and 3 days postoperatively per clinical instructions. Patients completed questionnaires on the day of the surgery and for the first 5 days postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using XLSTAT (version 2023.1.2). t-Test was used to analyze and compare pain and symptom levels and Fisher's exact test for categorical data. p-Values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The study examined 55 patients (49% female) with a mean age of 25.11 ± 6.81years who had undergone bilateral surface refractive surgery to correct myopic errors. The mean baseline standard error (SE) was -3.16 ± 2.20 D. Among these patients, 27 patients underwent aa-PRK and 28 patients underwent transepithelial-PRK. Higher levels of pain were significant in the aa-PRK group (p = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in the average levels of stinging, tearing, or light sensation. Additionally, stress levels decreased over time in both groups, with levels becoming almost equal after 5 days, and there was no significant difference in the average stress levels between the two groups. The study found that patients who underwent the transepithelial-PRK procedure had significantly lower pain levels compared with those who underwent aa-PRK after being treated with nepafenac per protocol. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of stinging, tearing, light sensation, and stress levels.

Optimalisasi Manajemen Stres sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Perawat di Rumah Sakit

Introduction High stress among nurses can affect the performance and quality of services in hospitals. Effective stress management is the key to improving nurse performance and the quality of health services. Therefore, optimizing stress management is an important focus in efforts to improve nurse performance. The aim of this service aims to optimize stress management strategies and evaluate their impact on improving the performance of nurses in hospitals. The methods used include stress management training for nurses in hospital inpatient rooms. Data was collected through surveys, interviews, and observations before and after strategy implementation. Results Nurse performance scores and stress levels were measured using a questionnaire. Before implementing the strategy, the average nurse performance score was 3.5 with an average stress level of 4.2. After implementing the stress management strategy, the performance score increased to 4.1 and the stress level decreased to 3.2, indicating that the stress management strategy was successful in improving nurse performance and reducing stress levels. Optimizing stress management is effective in improving nurse performance and reducing stress levels in hospitals. This program makes a positive contribution to the quality of health services and the work welfare of nurses. Recommendations include continued implementation of these strategies and provision of additional support for nurses.

Job Stress from Nurses’ Working Conditions in Sabah Women and Child Hospital

Both excessive and insufficient workloads can cause stress among employees. It has been established that as tasks take longer to complete, employee happiness tends to decrease, which can significantly impact their overall health and mental well-being. The primary objective of this study is to examine the relationship between age and working conditions concerning job stress among registered nurses in a government hospital in Sabah. The quantitative survey approach was employed, involving 60 registered nurses with a minimum of 3 years of experience. Purposive sampling was utilized to ensure a sample that would provide comprehensive insights and discoveries into the factors influencing job stress among nurses in this specific setting. The analysis indicated that there was no statistically significant relationship between age, working conditions as demographics, and job stress (p = 0.499). The average stress level reported by respondents was 15.7 ± 2.32379 on a scale where higher scores indicate greater stress. This finding suggests that the observed demographic characteristics, including age and specific working conditions, did not correlate with higher or lower levels of job stress among the nurses surveyed. Based on the survey results, it can be concluded that age and the specific working conditions studied do not appear to significantly influence the experience of job stress among registered nurses at the government hospital in Sabah. This implies that other factors not explored in this study may have a more pronounced impact on job stress levels within this population. Future research could explore additional variables or consider different methodologies to further understand the complexities of job stress among healthcare professionals.

Stressors for bus commuters and ways of improving bus journeys

Based on the people-environment conceptual framework, this paper measures the level of transport stress experienced by bus commuters and examines its relationship with a wide range of environmental and personal stressors, as well as different stress responses. A total of 28 environmental stressors, 9 personal stressors, 4 time-related stressors and 6 stated stress responses are examined. The data were collected through a large-scale online questionnaire survey among bus commuters of a major franchised bus company in Hong Kong (n = 5,908). A factor analysis and a structural equation model (SEM) are conducted to unveil the interlinkages among bus-related environmental stressors, personal stressors, travel characteristics, perceived transport stress and stated stress responses. Results indicate that bus commuters reported an average stress level of 47.10 out of 100 (SD = 29.50). The average transport stress level is lower than money, work and family stress but higher than relationship stress. Spatially, there are great variations within the city, with notably higher stress levels for some new towns in Northwest New Territories and the central business district during evening commutes. Based on the SEM results, the number of bus transfers (β = 0.05) and travel time (β = 0.06) are strongly associated with transport stress. Poor bus stop environment (β = 0.14), crowding at bus stops and compartments (β = 0.13), hostile attitudes of passengers and drivers (β = 0.08), and unreliable waiting and travel time (β = 0.08) are important environmental stressors. Many of these factors have not been closely examined in previous studies. In relation to health, transport stress is positively associated with negative physical (β = 0.43) and emotional (β = 0.48) responses. Feeling exhausted, irritated and anxiety were the most commonly reported responses to transport stress. To enhance bus commutes, priorities should be given to improving the bus stop environment, reducing crowding throughout the bus journeys, and alleviating road congestion. Overall, the empirical findings from this large-scale study on transport stress can help governments to formulate targeted measures to enhance the quality of public transit services and to support sustainable urban transport.

Computational modeling of maxillary canine orthodontic movement

ObjectivesThe current study aims to explore the stress distribution along the roots of palatally positioned maxillary canines during orthodontic movement using a novel computational spring model. MethodsAn experimental analysis based on the spring-model was utilized to calculate Orthodontic Tooth Movement (OTM) and the resulting stresses. Two sets of experiments were conducted: the first set compared stresses on a canine resulting from a single force and a force-couple, while the second set simulated canines' traction during instantaneous movement with varying original tooth angulations using different off-the-shelf orthodontic coils. In total, 130 simulations were performed. ResultsThe model provided estimated stress distribution throughout the OTM with the expected movements, producing consistent outcomes with prior findings. In the first set of experiments, the force couple exhibited an average stress of 43 KPa, while a single force yielded 51 KPa on average. The maximum stress observed was 63 KPa for the force couple and 130 KPa for a single force. Note that the stress distribution attributed to the force couple was alleviated in comparison to the stress distribution caused by a single force. Force couples generated higher average stress. In the second experiment, the application of an occlusally-directed inclined force led to reduced stress levels overall. For instance, when a 200 g distal force was exerted on the canine, it generated an average stress of 20 KPa, whereas applying a force of the same magnitude in an occlusal-distal direction resulted in a lower average stress of 15.5 KPa. ConclusionsLower average stress levels when using a force couple indicate that larger loads might be safely applied for rotational movements. Given that areas under maximal stress are prone to damage, orthodontic treatment planning should carefully consider stress distribution to minimize potential harm in these high-stress zones. The results also suggest that force couples enable the use of stronger forces than a single force. Additionally, it is advisable to extrude the tooth initially before starting any horizontal movement towards the target position. Clinical significanceGiven that orthodontic treatment often relies on virtual planning, incorporating a variety of methods to evaluate stress distribution within the treatment strategy could offer numerous benefits. Such an approach holds the potential to improve both the efficiency and safety of orthodontic treatments, especially in complex cases that require the application of high forces.

Method for rock fracture prediction and early warning: Insight from fusion of multi-physics field information

Understanding the precursors leading to rock fracture is crucial for ensuring safety in mining and geotechnical engineering projects. To effectively discern these precursors, a collaborative monitoring approach that integrates multiple sources of information is imperative. This paper considered a rock multi-parameter monitoring loading system, incorporating infrared radiation and acoustic emission monitoring technologies to simultaneously track the rock fracture process. The study delves into the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of infrared radiation and acoustic emission in rock under loading. Utilizing stress, cumulative acoustic emission count, and average infrared radiation temperature (AIRT), the paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation model termed “acoustic-thermal-stress” fusion information, employing principal component analysis (PCA). The research reveals that the sensitivity to rock sample damage response follows the sequence of cumulative acoustic emission count, AIRT, and stress. Furthermore, a novel method for identifying rock fracture precursors is proposed, based on the first derivative of the comprehensive evaluation model. This method addresses the limitations of single physical field information, enhancing the robustness of monitoring data. It determines the average stress level of fracture precursors to be 0.77σmax. Subsequently, the study defines the probability function of rock damage during loading and fracture, enabling the realization of probability-based warnings for rock fracture. This approach introduces a new perspective on rock fracture prediction, significantly contributing to safety monitoring and warning systems in mine safety and geotechnical engineering. The findings of this research hold paramount engineering significance, offering valuable insights for enhancing safety measures in such projects.

Occupational Stress Related to Workplace Violence among Emergency Medical Workers Working in Emergency Medical Centers in Alborz Province

Background and Objectives Health system workers, especially those like emergency medical personnel who are in direct contact with patients, are highly susceptible to workplace violence. A significant consequence of such violence is occupational stress. This study aims to explore the prevalence of workplace violence and its association with occupational stress among emergency medical workers in Alborz province in the year 2022. Subjects and Methods This descriptive correlational study was conducted with 124 emergency medical workers at road and urban bases in Alborz province. The research tools included a Persian-adapted standard workplace violence questionnaire and the occupational stress questionnaire from the Health and Safety Institute of England. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via SPSS software, version 26. Results The findings revealed that 62.1% of participants experienced physical violence, and 90% faced psychological violence. The highest incidence of physical (47.4%) and psychological (41.4%) violence occurred during the evening shift, while the morning shift saw the lowest rates. The average occupational stress levels for workers at road and urban bases were significantly high, measured at 120.5 ± 11.49 and 110.8 ± 16.76, respectively. Occupational stress was found to correlate negatively with the age and work experience of the employees, indicating lower stress levels with increasing age and experience. Conclusion Emergency medical workers often face highly stressful and anxious situations involving patients and their families. The nature of their work frequently exposes them to violence from patients or their companions, leading to heightened occupational stress.

Temporal trends and inequalities in school-related stress in three cohorts in compulsory school in Sweden

School stress is widespread among students’ worldwide, impacting academic success and mental health. Most research focuses on average stress levels but lacks insights into temporal trends and inequalities. Using repeated longitudinal survey data on 33,000 students in Swedish compulsory school from the Evaluation Through Follow-up (ETF) study, we investigate temporal trends in stress across three cohorts of students (born 1992, 1998, and 2004), with a focus on inequalities by school year, sex, socio-economic status, migration background, school grades, and school difficulties. The results show that (1) stress increased more in year 6 than in year 9 in recent cohorts; (2) stress increased more for girls than for boys; and (3) low school grades and school difficulties have become stronger risk factors for stress. We discuss the findings in the context of recent educational reforms and broader societal trends concerning the role of education for young people’s prospects in life.

Pengaruh Terapi Meditasi Pernapasan Terhadap Tingkat Stress Penderita Kekambuhan Gastritis Pada Dewasa Awal Di Lingkungan Rw 001 Ragamukti Tarjurhalang Bogor Tahun 2023

Stress in patients with gastritis recurrence is a physiological problem felt by early adults when they experience relapses of gastritis. Management of stress in patients with gastritis recurrence in early adulthood can be overcome with complementary therapy, namely breathing meditation therapy. Breathing meditation therapy itself is an activity that aims to achieve mental calm by focusing your breathing so you can relax your mind and body. This study aims to determine the effect of providing breathing meditation therapy on the stress levels of patients with gastritis recurrence in early adulthood in the Rw 001 Ragamukti Tajurhalang Bogor environment. In this research, the method used is pre-experimental quantitative research with a one group pretest – posttest design. The sample consisted of 15 early adults suffering from recurrent gastritis in the Rw 001 Tajurhalang Bogor area who were selected using a purposive sampling technique using a questionnaire with a Likert measuring scale. This research uses the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test with a significant value of α=(&lt;0.05). The test results from this research were that most respondents experienced a decrease in stress levels as evidenced by the presence of a percentage in the mild stress range of 9 people (60.0%), while respondents who experienced moderate levels of stress were 6 people (40.0%) with an average value of The average (mean) stress level after receiving breathing meditation therapy was 8.47. Indicating that the ρ value = &lt;.001, where the ρ value was less than 0.05, so the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, so the alternative hypothesis was accepted (Ha).

Influence of Air Pollution and Climate on Daily Health of Gabonese Students in the Capital (Libreville): A Pilot Study

Air pollution is a global issue affecting billions of people, especially urban populations in low- and middle-income countries. Since air pollution is a health problem that also involves the climate, this study assessed the relationship between the individual health of 50 college students living in Libreville (Gabon) and air quality, temperature, and humidity using low-cost equipment. The study utilised 81 days of data from the air pollution monitoring network in Libreville. These data were paired with measurements of heart rate, breathing, and stress measured using 5 Garmin vívosmart® smartwatches. In addition to the environmental and health data, participants were also asked about their state of health and their lifestyle during the study. We found average concentrations of PM2.5 (25.25 µg/m3) and PM10 (29.50 µg/m3) that exceed the 24-h WHO air quality standards. The daily average of PM1 was around 17.84 µg/m3. Temperatures observed during the study period varied between 27 and 35 °C (mean = 30.15 °C), and humidity was around 51-77% (mean = 59.5%). Overall, the relationships between the environmental conditions and the health observations were negligible, with correlation coefficients R ≤ 0.36. Despite their weakness, coefficients between 0.31 and 0.36 showed that stress levels are associated with temperature, PM2.5 and PM10. The average stress level was associated with PM10 (R = 0.34) and PM2.5 (R = 0.36). Finally, the study reveals that smokers, mosquito repellent users, and fan users have reduced breathing capacities compared to non-smokers, non-users of mosquito repellent products, non-users of fans, users and non-users of air conditioning. The study recommends the use of portable sensors to measure individual exposure to environmental parameters for similar studies, which will resolve the problem of spatial representativeness highlighted in this study. It is also recommended that Gabon's health policies incorporate early warnings of forecast high temperatures or pollution peaks, in order to limit health risks

The Effect of Yoga Exercises on Reducing Stress Levels in Premenopouse Women

Premenopausal syndrome causes symptom physical and psychological. Disturbance psychology in general occurs in women transition is worry. One of possible efforts done that is do yoga exercises. Know the influence of yoga exercise on decline stress levels in women pre menopause in the Village Potatoes Subdistrict Toroh Grobogan Regency. Research design pre-experimental, with design one-group pre-posttest design. Samples required as many as 33 people with random sampling technique. Data collection using pre and post intervention questionnaires. Data analysis used the paired t test. The average stress level before yoga exercise was 17.97 with standard deviation 1.36. The minimum score is 15, meanwhile score maximum namely 21. The average stress level after yoga exercise is 10.72 with standard deviation 1.97. The minimum score is 7, meanwhile score maximum namely 15. Paired sample t-test obtained a p value of 0.000 (&lt; 0.05), meaning There is the influence of yoga exercise on stress levels in women pre menopause. The influence of yoga exercise on stress levels in women pre menopause in the Village Potatoes Subdistrict Toroh Grobogan Regency.

The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing on Reducing Stress Levels in Nurses

Introduction: Stress is a common psychological problem faced by nurses in Indonesia during the pandemic, especially ER and ICU. This study aims to analyse the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on reducing stress levels in nurses by using the NaDa Android Application.&#x0D; Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with a control group design. A total of 33 nurses in the Emergency room (17) and the Intensive Care Unit (16) were recruited by using purposive sampling. The control group was given health education and diaphragmatic breathing while the intervention group practiced diaphragmatic breathing using the NaDa Android application for 12 weeks. The data were collected by Perceived Stress Scale-10 and then analysed using a t-test.&#x0D; Result: The average stress level among nurses in the intervention group was 17.53 which reduced to 12,94. The average stress level among nurses in the control group was 21.06 which reduced to 19.88. There was no significant effect on the control group who practiced diaphragmatic breathing (p=0.061). In contrast with the intervention group who have a significant effect regarding stress reduction (p=0.000). The diaphragmatic breathing exercises by Nada Application had an effect on decreasing the stress levels among nurses compared to the respondents in the control group (p=0.000).&#x0D; Conclusion: Diaphragmatic breathing exercises can be recommended to nurses to help them cope with psychological stress and to provide relaxation responses. It also can be an alternative prevention of psychological disorders such as high stress, reducing the use of pharmacological therapy in preventing stress and anxiety.

Dynamic Stress Response in a Novel Prestressed Subgrade under Heavy-Haul Train Loading: A Numerical Analysis

To explore the dynamic transient characteristics induced by passing heavy-haul trains in newly-developed prestressed subgrade, two three-dimensional finite element models were constructed in the time domain using ABAQUS software. These models are categorized as train-track-prestressed subgrade and train-track-unreinforced subgrade. The numerical models also incorporated the vertical track irregularity commonly found in heavy-haul railways. The investigation aims to discern the dynamic stress response differences in both types of subgrades under three distinct train axle loads. Model validation occurred through comparisons with field tests gathered from various heavy-haul railways in China, as well as analogous numerical simulation cases. The findings indicate that track irregularity results in an asymmetric distribution of dynamic stress on the subgrade surface beneath both left and right rails, aligned transversely with the subgrade centerline. Additionally, this asymmetry is notably pronounced. The peak dynamic stress on the subgrade surface beneath the rails for both subgrades increases with escalating train axle loads. However, the prestressed reinforcement structure (PRS) effectively modulates this phenomenon, with the controlling advantage intensifying as train axle load increases. The average dynamic stress level in the prestressed subgrade is marginally lower than in the unreinforced subgrade within the roadbed layer beneath rails. Furthermore, train axle loads amplify the variation level of dynamic stress in the subgrade. However, the variable coefficient of dynamic stress in the prestressed subgrade is less than in the unreinforced subgrade, suggesting that PRS contributes positively to maintaining subgrade dynamic stability. In terms of the longitudinal distribution of peak dynamic stress, both subgrades exhibit normal distribution at varying depths within the roadbed layer. Lastly, the additional dynamic stress in prestressed steel bars also rises with increasing train axle loads. Nonetheless, it remains substantially lower than the static target pre-tensile stress. Moreover, the dynamic responses of prestressed steel bars in different rows attenuate as depth increases away from the subgrade surface. In summary, the study establishes that PRS significantly enhances the dynamic stability of railway subgrade.

Стресс реального сектора российских регионов в условиях пандемии и санкций

Recently, the Russian economy has been affected by sanctions and pandemic shocks. Russian regions reacted differently depending on their spatial location and sectoral structure of economies. Using monthly data for 2016-2023, the article assesses the dynamics of stress of regions’ industrial production volume, retail turnover and volume of paid services to the population. A stress index is calculated as a moving difference between the standard deviation and the average growth rate of the indicator compared to the corresponding period of the previous year. An integrated stress index is a simple sum of individual stress indices normalised using the Z-score method within the panel data framework. As a result, time series of individual and integrated stress indices at the national, federal district and regional levels were obtained. The average stress levels of different Russian regions were compared for the entire period and three sub-periods: pre-pandemic, pandemic (from March, 2020 to February, 2022) and post-pandemic/new sanctions. The data revealed a greater and relatively uniform sensitivity of the service sector of Russian regions to the pandemic; various reactions of regional industries to sanctions, causing the diversification effect across the country; greater trade response to pandemic shocks and industry response to new sanctions. On average, the constituent entities of the North Caucasus Federal District turned out to be the most vulnerable to shocks, while the regions of the Siberian Federal District showed the greatest stability. The study demonstrated that sectoral structure and regional income level are significant factors determining the resilience of the regional real economy to pandemic shocks, while spatial location is also important in response to sanctions.

Coping Strategies of Pharmaceutical Employees During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The article is devoted to the study of coping strategies of pharmaceutical employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. The basis of the study is Farmgarant LLC, located in Angarsk, the respondents are a team of 30 people, aged 20 to 60 years, with higher and secondary pharmaceutical education, holding the position of pharmacist and pharmacist. In the sample structure, more than half of the respondents (60 %) are pharmacists. The study was conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic from February to April 2021. 43.3 % of the total number of respondents experience an average level of stress. This means that most of the organization's employees cope with the stressful loads that come during the labor process, have a fairly strong ability to use coping strategies in the process of dealing with the coming difficulties of life. A third of respondents (33.33 %) have a low level of stress, which means that they fully cope with difficult life and professional situations, as well as fully adapted to incoming psychological and emotional stress during the working day. The remaining respondents (23.33 %) have a high level of stress and experience constant and severe psychological discomfort. The stress level directly correlates with such coping strategies as seeking social support (0.863 at p = 0.01), avoidance (0.751 at p = 0.01), confrontation (0.615 at p = 0.05), distancing (0.507 at p = 0.05), self-control (0.649 at p = 0.01), taking responsibility (0.605 at p = 0.01) and solution planning (0.524 at p = 0.05). An inverse correlation is observed between the stress level and coping strategies problem resolution (–0.568 at p = 0.05) and positive reassessment (–0.506 at p = 0.05).

Does parental stress improve after pediatric tonsillectomy?

ObjetiveParental stress is defined as a subjective perception that parenting demands are higher than their resources and is reportedly higher in parents who have children with both chronic and acute illnesses. Ear-nose-throat (ENT) disorders, such as recurrent infections and obstruction sleep disorders, are one of the most prevalent comorbidities in pediatric age. Worldwide, tonsillectomy stands as the surgical treatment for these conditions, associated with a significant burden on both the children and their parents.The purpose of this study is to determine parental stress levels before and after tonsillectomy and to ascertain whether these levels improve after the children's surgery. MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study enrolling 48 parents accompanying their children aged 3–10 for outpatient tonsillectomy surgery in a tertiary portuguese hospital.Consent for participation in this study was obtained and parental stress was determined using the portuguese version of Parental Stress Scale (PSS). All parents completed PSS before surgery and at the 6-month follow-up evaluation. ResultsOf the 48 surveys obtained, 38 were mothers aged from 24 to 45 years. The median age of children was 3 (3–9) years and half were girls. Surgery was performed due to obstruction sleep disorders in about 71 % of children.The overall average stress level was 29,19 (standard deviation 7,5), with higher scores being associated with male children. At the 6-month reevaluation PSS was significantly lower (26,98), with a prominent reduction in the parental stress subscale in mothers comparing to fathers. ConclusionsThese results highlight the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment of children requiring tonsillectomy, as this condition may affect not only their physical health, but also parental relations, reflecting on their upbringing.

The Effect of Communication Information Among Professional Nurses’ Model on Stress Anxiety and Satisfaction to Family Members of Patients in The Emergency Department Chonburi Hospital

Background and Aim: Communication plays a vital role in professional nursing. Effective communication is an essential factor in high-quality nursing care. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to 1. Compare the effects of different communication information among professional nurses’ models on family members of emergency patients in the emergency department of Chonburi Hospital in both a controlled and experimental group 2. compare the average stress levels of emergency patients’ family members between those communicated with professional nurses’ models and those with normal communication 3. Compare the average anxiety levels of emergency patients’ family members between those communicated with the professional nurses’ model and those with normal communication 4. Measure the average satisfaction of emergency patients’ family members who have received communication information models with professional nurses. Research Methodology: This research is Quasi-Experimental Research. The samples were 60 emergency patients’ family members at Chonburi Hospital, divided into controlled and experimental groups with 30 members each. The experimental group received the communication information model through professional nurses, while the control group received information normally. The data is obtained by emergency patients’ family members' survey submissions on personal information, stress levels, anxiety levels, and satisfaction levels which are analyzed with descriptive statistics and t-test statistics. Results: The results showed that Level of stress of experimental group after receiving communication information model from professional nurses was significantly less than that before receiving communication information model (p=.035) and Level of anxiety of experimental group after receiving communication information model was significantly less than that before receiving communication information model (p=.003) Comparison of the mean scores and standard deviation of stress and anxiety among the experimental group and controlled group after receiving communication information model found that Level of stress between experimental group and controlled group after receiving communication information model was significantly less than that before receiving communication information model (p=.022) Level of anxiety between experimental group and controlled group after receiving communication information model was significantly less than that before receiving communication information model (p=.011), and the average satisfaction level of emergency patients’ family members that have received information based on professional nurses’ model are high. Conclusion: Utilizing the professional nurse's communication information model can alleviate stress and anxiety in the family members of emergency patients.