Average Channel Research Articles

Stochastic modeling of q-Lognormal fading channels over Tsallis' entropy: Evaluation of channel capacity and higher order moments

In wireless communication systems (WCSs), fading and shadowing of signals are the most frequently encountered phenomena which lead to degradation in the performance of communication channels. Several multipath distribution models like Weibull, Rayleigh, and Nakagami-m models have been extensively used for statistically capturing the fading signals in large-scale propagation scenarios. Several studies have emphasized on exploiting the log-normal model which efficiently characterizes the shadowing signals, or large-scale effects of the propagation channel. However, the conventional log-normal model suffers through some limitations, due to the lack of mathematical tractability in its analytical expression for characterizing shadowed multipath fading signals. In this perspective, the present work proposes a novel adaptive generalized stochastic differential equation (SDE) in context to Tsallis non-extensive sense, which leads to q-Lognormal distribution under a suitable initial condition corresponding to Fokker-Planck equation for effectively capturing the rapid fluctuations in composite signals. The closed form expressions corresponding to the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) are obtained in terms of Gauss-Hypergeometric function F12[a,b,c;z] for the proposed distribution model. Finally, several performance measures like average channel capacity, higher order moments, and coefficient of variation (CV) are estimated for proposed q-Lognormal model by employing extensive Monte-Carlo simulations. The corresponding results obtained by using the above techniques are presented to understand the applicability of the proposed model for modeling WCS and multipath composite signals.

Make Smart Decisions Faster: Deciding D2D Resource Allocation via Stackelberg Game Guided Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication enabling direct data transmission between two mobile users has emerged as a vital component for 5G cellular networks to improve spectrum utilization and enhance system capacity. A critical issue for realizing these benefits in D2D-enabled networks is to properly allocate radio resources while coordinating the co-channel interference in a time-varying communication environment. In this paper, we propose a Stackelberg game (SG) guided multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) approach, which allows D2D users to make smart power control and channel allocation decisions in a distributed manner. In particular, we define a crucial Stackelberg Q-value (ST-Q) to guide the learning direction, which can be calculated based on the equilibrium achieved in the Stackelberg game. With the guidance of the Stackelberg equilibrium, our approach converges faster with fewer iterations than the general MADRL method and thereby exhibits better performance in handling the network dynamics. After the initial training, each agent can infer timely D2D resource allocation strategies with distributed execution. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the efficacy of our proposed scheme in developing timely resource allocation strategies. The results also show that our method outperforms the general MADRL based approach in terms of the average utility, channel capacity, and training time.

Hybrid load-balancing algorithm for distributed fog computing in internet of things environment

Fog computing is a novel idea created by Cisco that provides the same capabilities as cloud computing but close to objects to improve performance, such as by minimizing latency and reaction time. Packet failure can happen on a single fog server across a large number of messages from internet of things (IoT) sensors due to several variables, including inadequate bandwidth and server queue capacity. In this paper, a fog-to-server architecture based on the IoT is proposed to solve the problem of packet loss in fog and servers using hybrid load balancing and a distributed environment. The proposed methodology is based on hybrid load balancing with least connection and weighted round robin algorithms combined together in fog nodes to take into consideration the load and time to distribute requests to the active servers. The results show the proposed system improved network evaluation parameters such as total response time of 131.48 ms, total packet loss rate of 15.670%, average total channel idle of 99.55%, total channel utilization of 77.44%, average file transfer protocol (FTP) file transfer speed (256 KB to 15 MB files) of 260.77 KB/sec, and average time (256 KB to 15 MB) of 19.27 sec.

Throughput Optimization in Adaptive Transmit Antenna Selection Systems With Limited Feedback

We investigate the performance of a downlink wireless system with a multiantenna base station under the effect of limited channel feedback. In order to inactivate transmit antennas with poor channel quality and, thus, reduce the feedback overhead, a channel gain threshold-based multiantenna selection (CGT-MAS) scheme is proposed without optimization (NOCGT-MAS) and the corresponding single-antenna scheme (NOCGT-SAS) is considered as a baseline. Considering that the number of selected antennas affects both data transmission rate and the feedback overhead, an effective throughput defined as the difference between the data transmission rate and feedback rate is employed for evaluating the system performance. We conduct an effective throughput analysis for both the NOCGT-SAS and NOCGT-MAS schemes and show that an optimal channel gain threshold exists to maximize the effective throughput of the proposed NOCGT-MAS scheme. As a consequence, we propose the optimal instantaneous CGT-MAS algorithm (OICGT-MAS) to maximize the instantaneous effective throughput. Besides, we derive a closed-form expression of an average effective throughput for the CGT-MAS scheme and propose an optimal average channel gain threshold-based multiantenna selection algorithm (OACGT-MAS) for maximizing the derived average effective throughput. Numerical results demonstrate that the effective throughput of the proposed NOCGT-MAS is substantially better than that of conventional NOCGT-SAS. Moreover, although the OICGT-MAS scheme has a slight advantage over OACGT-MAS in terms of the effective throughput, it has a much higher computational complexity than the latter method.

Mixed THz/FSO Relaying Systems: Statistical Analysis and Performance Evaluation

In this paper, the performance of a mixed Terahertz/free-space optical (THz/FSO) wireless transmission system is studied, where the joint effects of channel fading and pointing errors are considered for both THz and FSO links. Employing the semi-blind amplify-and-forward protocol, we derive the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio. By applying the derived statistics, exact expressions for the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (BER), and average channel capacity are obtained. In order to attain useful physical insights, asymptotic OP and average BER expressions are also presented. Based on them, the diversity gain is determined, which is shown to depend on channel fading and pointing errors of both links. In addition, by taking into account the hardware impairments, the OP of the non-ideal hardware system is derived. Moreover, the analysis is extended to multi-antenna scenarios and the asymptotic OP is obtained. Finally, illustrative numerical results are plotted and it can be observed that the path loss, channel fading, pointing errors and hardware impairments lead to a considerable degradation in system performance.

Power Minimization of Downlink Spectrum Slicing for eMBB and URLLC Users

5G technology allows heterogeneous services to share the wireless spectrum within the same radio access network. In this context, spectrum slicing of the shared radio resources is a critical task to guarantee the performance of each service. We analyze a downlink communication serving two types of traffic: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). Due to the nature of low-latency traffic, the base station knows the channel state information (CSI) of the eMBB users while having statistical CSI for the URLLC users. We study the power minimization problem employing orthogonal multiple access (OMA) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes. Based on this analysis, we propose a lookup table-based approach and a block coordinated descent (BCD) algorithm. We show that the BCD is optimal for the URLLC power allocation. The numerical results show that NOMA leads to lower power consumption than OMA, except when the average channel gain of the URLLC user is very high. For the latter case, the optimal approach depends on the channel condition of the eMBB user. Even when OMA attains the best performance, the gap with NOMA is negligible, showing the capability of NOMA to reduce power consumption in practically every condition.

Performance analysis of UAV-based mixed underwater PLC-RF systems

In this study, we analyzed the performance of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based mixed Underwater Power Line Communication-Radio Frequency (UPLC-RF) network. In this network, a buoy located at the sea is used as a relay to transmit signals from the underwater signal source to the UAV through the PLC link. We assume that the UPLC channel obeys a log-normal distribution and that the RF link follows the Rician distribution. Using this model, we obtained the closed-form expressions for the Outage Probability (OP), Average Bit-error-rate (ABER), and Average Channel Capacity (ACC). In addition, the asymptotic analysis of the OP and ABER was performed, and an upper bound for the average capacity was obtained. Finally, the analytical results were verified by Monte Carlo simulation thereby demonstrating the effect of impulse noise and the altitude of the UAV on network performance.

Performance Analysis of I/Q Imbalance With Hardware Impairments Over Hyper Fox’s H-Fading Channels

Impairments baseband model in-phase and quadrature-phase Imbalance (IQI) and Residual hardware impairments (RHI) are two key factors degrading the performance of wireless communication systems (WCSs), particularly when high-frequency bands are employed, as in 5G systems and beyond. The impact of either IQI or RHI on the performance of various WCSs has been investigated exclusively in a separate way. To fill this gap, in this paper, the joint effect of both IQI and RHI on the performance of a WCS subject to Hyper Fox’s H-fading (HFHF) channel, is investigated. Such a fading model generalizes most, if not all, of well-known fading and turbulence models. To this end, closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP), Average channel capacity (ACC) under constant power with optimum rate adaptation (ORA) policy, and average symbol error probability (ASEP) for both coherent and non-coherent modulation schemes are derived. Specifically, all the analytical expressions are derived for three different scenarios: (i) ideal Tx and Rx impaired, (ii) Tx impaired and ideal Rx, and (iii) both Tx and Rx are impaired. Further, asymptotic expressions for OP, ACC under ORA policy, and ASEP are obtained, based on which, insightful discussions on the IQI and RHI impacts are made. <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha -\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and Málaga <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> turbulence with pointing error distribution models have been considered as particular cases of the HFHF distribution. The analytical derivations, endorsed by simulation results, demonstrate that the RF impairments’ effects should be seriously taken into account in the design of next-generation wireless technologies.

Channel head response to anthropogenic landscape modification: A case study from the North Carolina Piedmont, USA, with implications for water quality

AbstractEuropean‐American settlement of the south‐eastern United States introduced agricultural practices that included extensive clearing of forested hillslopes to support food and cash‐crop agriculture. This land disturbance has long‐term effects on stream morphology by displacing channel heads down‐valley, impacting downstream sediment and nutrient supply as channel heads migrate back up‐valley towards their pre‐disturbance locations. This study investigates 40 stream channels in William B. Umstead State Park in the Piedmont of North Carolina using relationships between local slope and contributing drainage areas to predict channel head locations and compare these to their observed positions. Further, expected eroded sediment and nutrient contributions are quantified using migration distances and sampled soils near channel heads. Of the 40 investigated channel heads, 23 are located down‐valley from their predicted location by an average of 174.4 m ± 109.6 (1 − σ). Using this distance and average channel cross‐sectional area, 1.6 ± 1.4 m2 (1 − σ), the expected future erosion per channel is 282.6 ± 177.6 m3 (1 − σ). Drainage density was used to extrapolate volumes to the 23 km2 park using a conservative estimate that 50% of the first‐order channel heads will migrate up‐valley, implying an additional 90.4 ± 56.8 × 103 m3 (1 − σ) of sediment is expected to erode from the study area. Finally, scaling these volume estimates to sampled soil nutrient values indicates that approximately 1053 ± 662 t (68% confidence) of carbon, 51 ± 32 t of total nitrogen, and 15 ± 9 t of phosphorus are anticipated to enter the fluvial system in response to channel head migration from within the confines of this state park, representing only 1% of the land area in Wake County. These findings suggest that regional water quality challenges posed by suspended sediments and nutrients will persist for hundreds to perhaps thousands of years from non‐point sources as first‐order channels continue to erode headward towards their equilibrium landscape positions.

Multi-Center Evaluation of Gel-Based and Dry Multipin EEG Caps.

Dry electrodes for electroencephalography (EEG) allow new fields of application, including telemedicine, mobile EEG, emergency EEG, and long-term repetitive measurements for research, neurofeedback, or brain–computer interfaces. Different dry electrode technologies have been proposed and validated in comparison to conventional gel-based electrodes. Most previous studies have been performed at a single center and by single operators. We conducted a multi-center and multi-operator study validating multipin dry electrodes to study the reproducibility and generalizability of their performance in different environments and for different operators. Moreover, we aimed to study the interrelation of operator experience, preparation time, and wearing comfort on the EEG signal quality. EEG acquisitions using dry and gel-based EEG caps were carried out in 6 different countries with 115 volunteers, recording electrode-skin impedances, resting state EEG and evoked activity. The dry cap showed average channel reliability of 81% but higher average impedances than the gel-based cap. However, the dry EEG caps required 62% less preparation time. No statistical differences were observed between the gel-based and dry EEG signal characteristics in all signal metrics. We conclude that the performance of the dry multipin electrodes is highly reproducible, whereas the primary influences on channel reliability and signal quality are operator skill and experience.

The Value of Response Time Information in Supply Chain Bargaining

Problem definition: We analyzed the value of response time information in supply chain bargaining and how the transparency of response times affects bargaining dynamics and outcomes. Academic/practical relevance: The research on supply chain bargaining has focused on agents’ choices, whereas the value of process data, such as response times, has received limited attention. The process data underlying a decision can contain valuable information about the agents’ preference. Methodology: We conducted two laboratory experiments with multiround bargaining between a supplier and a retailer, where the supplier had private information about production costs. The retailer proposed wholesale prices to the supplier, and the supplier decided whether to reject or accept them. The experiments were composed of treatments with response time information (RT-Treatments) and those without response time information (noRT-Treatments). Suppliers’ response times were transparent to retailers in the RT-Treatment but were not transparent to those in the noRT-Treatment. Results: We found that suppliers’ response times could indicate their preference strengths regarding retailers’ proposals. In the RT-Treatment, retailers could use suppliers’ response times to their advantage. Compared with those in the noRT-Treatment, retailers in the RT-Treatment made lower initial proposals. The final wholesale prices in agreements were also lower in this treatment, resulting in higher average retailer and channel profits but lower supplier profits. Managerial implications: We demonstrated that response time information in supply chain bargaining revealed bargainers’ preferences and affected bargaining dynamics and outcomes. Bargainers could use their partners’ response times to improve their bargaining outcomes. Funding: F. Chen gratefully acknowledges support from the Ministry of Science and Technology [Grant 2021ZD0200409] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71803174 and 72173113]. Y. Zhao and U. Thonemann gratefully acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant TH 1425/2-1]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1138 .

A Low-Delay Hybrid Half/Full-Duplex Link Selection Scheme for Cooperative Relaying Networks

In this paper, we propose a hybrid half-duplex (HD)/full-duplex (FD) link selection scheme for cooperative buffer-aided (BA) relaying networks with small buffers. FD BA relaying offers high spectral efficiency but it does not change the buffer states, while HD relaying offers the ability to change the buffer states, which can be exploited to minimize the outage probability and the average delay by controlling the queue length of the relays. Unlike the existing hybrid BA relaying schemes and opportunistic relying schemes, the proposed scheme considers the average buffering delay and uses probabilistic relay selection (RS) instead of using a fixed RS policy. It probabilistically prioritizes the selection of one of the FD and HD modes over the other. Markov chain (MC) theory is used to model the considered system and derive the throughput, average delay and outage probability as functions of the prioritizing probabilities. Based on the buffer and average channel states, the prioritizing probabilities are determined such that the overall average delay is minimized using the accelerated proximal gradient method. As compared to the existing HD, opportunistic, and hybrid BA relaying schemes, simulation results show that the proposed scheme offers higher throughput and lower average delay.

Evolution of lamellar architecture and microstructure during redox cycling of Fe-Co and Fe-Cu foams

The effects of alloying Fe with 25 at% Co or 30 at% Cu are studied in freeze-cast lamellar foams subjected to redox cycling under H 2 - and H 2 O-rich atmospheres at 800 ºC, relevant to metal-air batteries. In unalloyed Fe foams, redox cycling causes irreversible Kirkendall porosity growth within lamellae, leading to fracture and buckling in the lamellar architecture which in turn leads to foam densification after a few cycles. By contrast, Fe-25Co lamellae develop, upon oxidation, a pure Co core and a Fe 3 O 4 shell which decreases buckling and Kirkendall pore growth, thus slowing sintering and densification of the lamellar foams. After Fe 3 O 4 reduction, the Fe-rich shells and Co-rich cores of the lamellae re-homogenize by diffusion to the original single-phase Fe-25Co alloy, achieving a reversible microstructure upon a full redox cycle. After 10 cycles, average channel porosity (between lamellae) undergoes only a small decrease (from 62 % to 46 %), with minimal Kirkendall pore coarsening in the lamellae, consistent with strong sintering resistance in the Fe-25Co foams. The Fe-30Cu foams also display lamellae with Cu core and a Fe 3 O 4 shell structure after oxidation, since Cu, like Co, does not oxidize under steam. However, the lack of solubility of Cu in Fe prevents re-homogenization after Fe 3 O 4 reduction, so the resulting Cu-core / Fe-shell lamellae undergo severe sintering and densification upon subsequent redox cycling, with channel porosity reducing from 61 % to 9 % after just 5 cycles. For both systems, operando x-ray diffraction during redox cycling reveals that Cu, unlike Co, doubles the Fe oxidation rate, as compared to pure Fe foams. • Fe-25Co and Fe-30Cu metallic foams are created with high porosity and lamellar architecture. • Operando X-ray diffraction is used to track H 2 /H 2 O redox reactions in these foams at 850 °C. • Fe-25Co foams show excellent stability over 10 full redox cycles at 850 °C. • Fe-30Cu foams sinter during cycling, but Cu accelerates redox kinetics.

Flow maldistribution and heat transfer characteristics in plate and shell heat exchangers

• The pressure drop, flow maldistribution, and heat transfer rate are measured in a plate and shell heat exchanger. • Friction factor and Nusselt number correlations are provided for water and oil flows. • The plate side showed a better thermal performance than the shell side but a higher friction factor. • Flow maldistribution was more severe on the shell side than on the plate side. • The effectiveness deterioration due to the flow maldistribution was less than 4%. • An analytical comparison indicates that PHEs have a better thermo-hydraulic performance than the PSHE studied. The plate and shell heat exchanger (PSHE) was developed to overcome the traditional gasketed plate heat exchangers (PHE) operation limits. Its constructive characteristics allow higher-pressure and thermal applications, suitable for processes found in power plants and the oil and gas industry. However, studies on the PSHE thermo-hydraulic performance are still scarce. This study presents an experimental and theoretical analysis of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a PSHE. A test rig operates with water and viscous oil to produce turbulent and laminar flow regimes, typical of the oil and gas industry. The heat transfer rate, pressure drop, and flow distribution are measured. The m 2 -model, developed to predict flow maldistribution on the PHE, is suitable for the plate side of the PSHE. An analytical model is used to correct the effects of maldistribution on the overall heat transfer coefficient and provide Nusselt number correlations. Experiments show that the flow maldistribution increases the heat exchanger pressure drop and deteriorates the heat transfer performance. The maximum and average channel flow rate ratio reaches 2.30 on the shell side and 1.75 on the plate side. Friction factor correlations are created based on the channel pressure drop data. The shell side has an inferior overall performance than the plate side, with a higher maldistribution and a lower Nusselt number. The PSHE effectiveness deterioration due to the maldistribution is 4% in the worst scenario within the experimental range. Results indicate that the PHE thermo-hydraulic performance is superior to the PSHE. Nevertheless, the structural advantages of the PSHE make it appropriate for applications involving high pressures and elevated temperatures.

HEMT Average Temperature Determination Utilizing Low-Power Device Operation

The modified thermal device model was adapted to determine the channel temperature of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT operating under pulsed and quasi-static conditions. The differential analysis of the isothermal and thermal part of the resulting current, as well as ambient temperature variation, is utilized to determine the average channel temperature. Ambient temperature increases in the device operating range is required under low-power operation only, while under high-power operation the thermal stress of the device is significantly reduced due to small ambient temperature variation. In addition, trapping phenomena incorporation is demonstrated to obtain more accurate results utilizing the HEMT threshold voltage shift and transconductance. For experimental verification of the thermal model, Al0.25Ga0.75N/GaN HEMT electrical properties are investigated. Experimentally verified results are in a good agreement with numerical simulations.

Research on Performance of Cooperative FSO Communication System Based on Hierarchical Modulation and Physical Layer Network Code

To solve the problem that the channel conditions in asymmetric cooperative FSO communication systems are not fully utilized, and the data reliability deteriorates due to high-order modulation, we proposed a layered modulation, joint physical-layer network coding scheme. In this scheme, we first designate the data priority of the information to be transmitted at the source node. Then, the transmission power of different proportions is allocated to the data based on its priority. Then, the modulated data is sent to each node, and physical-layer network coding is performed on the received data at the relay node. Finally, the relay node sends the encoded information to the destination node, and the destination node recovers the original information using the physical-layer network coding scheme. The simulation results showed that when the average signal-to-noise ratio of the channel was 15 dB, the BER of the cooperative FSO communication system could be reduced to below . In the strong atmospheric turbulence channel, the cooperative FSO communication system can obtain a signal-to-noise ratio gain of about 1.5 dB. Under strong atmospheric turbulence, this scheme could also improve the average channel capacity performance of a cooperative FSO communication system.

Designing the Quantum Channels Induced by Diagonal Gates

The challenge of quantum computing is to combine error resilience with universal computation. Diagonal gates such as the transversal T gate play an important role in implementing a universal set of quantum operations. This paper introduces a framework that describes the process of preparing a code state, applying a diagonal physical gate, measuring a code syndrome, and applying a Pauli correction that may depend on the measured syndrome (the average logical channel induced by an arbitrary diagonal gate). It focuses on CSS codes, and describes the interaction of code states and physical gates in terms of generator coefficients determined by the induced logical operator. The interaction of code states and diagonal gates depends very strongly on the signs of Z-stabilizers in the CSS code, and the proposed generator coefficient framework explicitly includes this degree of freedom. The paper derives necessary and sufficient conditions for an arbitrary diagonal gate to preserve the code space of a stabilizer code, and provides an explicit expression of the induced logical operator. When the diagonal gate is a quadratic form diagonal gate (introduced by Rengaswamy et al.), the conditions can be expressed in terms of divisibility of weights in the two classical codes that determine the CSS code. These codes find application in magic state distillation and elsewhere. When all the signs are positive, the paper characterizes all possible CSS codes, invariant under transversal Z-rotation through &amp;#x03C0;/2l, that are constructed from classical Reed-Muller codes by deriving the necessary and sufficient constraints on l. The generator coefficient framework extends to arbitrary stabilizer codes but there is nothing to be gained by considering the more general class of non-degenerate stabilizer codes.

Physics-based 2D analytical potential model with disorder effects for scaling a-IGZO TFT via dual material gate engineering

A dual material gate (DMG) amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) is proposed, which has a gate structure of lateral-contact-metals with two work functions. In view of multiple gate materials and localized/delocalized states, the potential calculations using Poisson’s equation are complicated and without analytical solution, which complicates the gate controllability analysis and future compact modeling methodology. Therefore, we have developed an analytical 2D potential model, that shows a great agreement with the numerical solution, taking into account asymmetry effects and scaling behavior. It can be used to tune potential or electric-field profiles by DMG engineering, increase the average channel electric-field, reduce the electric-field at the Drain side, and thus improve the performance of short-channel a-IGZO TFT with immunity to drain-induced-barrier-lowing (DIBL) and hot carrier effect (HCE).

IO-Link Wireless Sensitivity Testing Methods in Reverberation Chambers

Communication reliability is a challenging requirement, which implies the need for over-the-air (OTA) testing. Reverberation chambers (RCs) are widely used for OTA tests in various fields. Due to their properties, such as inherent radio channel emulation or the arbitrary orientation of the equipment under test (EUT) in the test volume, they can be used as advantageous test environments for wireless products in the field of industrial manufacturing automation, such as for the IO-Link Wireless (IOLW) standard. In this paper, the different OTA sensitivity test procedures total isotropic sensitivity (TIS), average fading sensitivity (AFS) and mean channel packet error (MCPE) method, which is based on the fundamental channel model of the wireless standard, are described and evaluated in various variants. A core aspect of the proposal is the impact of the possible use of frequency hopping of the wireless equipment under test. The respective advantages and disadvantages are shown. Overall, TIS proves to be a suitable alternative for IOLW OTA sensitivity testing.

A Zero-Sum Game-Based Secure and Interference Mitigation Scheme for Socially Aware D2D Communication With Imperfect CSI

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is the most evolving technology in fifth-generation (5G) networks. It allows direct communication of devices in the proximity-with or without the base station help. This achieves high gain and low latency in communication and improves the network spectral efficiency. Despite the aforementioned challenges, interference and eavesdropping (by a malicious node) on D2D links/pairs are significant challenges. An eavesdropper can decode the information exchanged between the D2D devices. To mitigate the issues mentioned above nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique is quite helpful even in social scenarios. NOMA mitigates the interference issues in D2D communication, which increases the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Further, we used a zero-sum game approach to improve the data security and minimize eavesdropper’s security risk on the D2D pair. It achieves the goal of the D2D transmitter, i.e., maximize the message security. Simulation results prove the proposed zero-sum game-based system’s superiority, considering average network sum rate and average channel secrecy capacity.