Autonomic Regulation Of Heart Rhythm Research Articles

The role of morphofunctional asymmetries of the female body in the autonomic regulation of heart rate during menopause

The aim of the work was to study the features of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm (HR) in women in the peri- and postmenopausal periods, depending on morphofunctional asymmetries of the female body. A total of 417 women aged 35–60 were examined. According to the lateral behavioral profile of asymmetries of the female body (Annette’s test), the nature of vegetative regulation at rest and orthostasis was determined according to the data of cardiac intervalography using the Varicard 2.51 complex and the Eskim-6 program. As a result, it was found that in the reproductive period in women with the right lateral phenotype, the autonomous circuit of HR variability regulation prevailed, and in ambidextrous women, the central one dominated. Ambidextrous and right-handers were characterized by egalitarian modulation, while left-handers were characterized by a respiratory typology of autonomic regulation of HR. In perimenopause, a moderate tension of regulatory mechanisms was formed in the lateral subgroups, and a high tension was formed in the postmenopausal subgroups. In ambidextrous and left-handers, discoordination of HR regulation prevailed. Thus, women with the polarity of the lateral phenotype in the late reproductive period were distinguished by the stability and economy of the mechanisms of autonomic regulation of HR. Ambidextrous had the most energy-consuming mechanisms in the postmenopausal period, which is a risk of cardiovascular disease pathology.

Influence of experimental heart failure therapy with different generations of β-adrenergic blockers on Cardiac Electrical Activity (ECG) and Autonomic Regulation of Heart Rhythm (ARHR)

Abstract: In the complex treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) β-adrenoblockers (carvedilol, nebivolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol) are used, which due to their pharmacological properties increase the survival rate of patients, improve cardio- and haemodynamic parameters, metabolism. However, modern realities in medicine require creation of new more effective and safe β-adrenoblockers. In this regard, the potential drug Hypertirl is of interest. The aim was to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of 1-(b-phenylethyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium bromide (Hypertril) on cardiac electrical activity and autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in a model of CHF in comparison with β-adrenoblockers of different generations (Nebivolol, Carvedilol, Bisoprolol, Metoprolol). Materials and methods: Chronic heart failure was induced by 14-day administration of doxorubicin in a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg to white mongrel rats weighing 190–220g (total 85). The investigated drugs were administered after doxorubicin course for 30 days: Hypertril at an experimentally substantiated dose of 3.5 mg/kg, Metoprolol succinate 15 mg/kg, Nebivolol 10 mg/kg, Carvedilol 50 mg/kg, Bisoprolol 10 mg/kg. At the end of drug administration under thiopental anaesthesia (40 mg/kg), electrocardiogram (ECG) and autonomic regulation of heart rhythm (ARHR) were analysed using a computer analyser CardioCom-2000plus (KAI-Medica, Ukraine). The results of the study were calculated using a standard statistical package “STATISTICA for Windows 6.0” (StatSoftInc., №AXXR712D833214FAN5), “SPSS 16.0” and “Microsoft Office Excell 2003”. Results and discussion: Hypertril administration resulted in a negative chronotropic effect, normalisation of atrial (P) and ventricular (R) spike amplitude, ST segment inversion below isoline, increased amplitude of ventricular myocardial repolarisation T. Myocardial repolarisation spike were observed, as well as normalised the duration of atrial (P) and ventricular depolarisation phase (QRS complex) to the intact value and restored the duration of electrical diastole (TR interval). Hypertril reduced systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction in animals with CHF. Hypertril restored autonomic mechanisms of heart rhythm regulation and balanced activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of autonomic nervous system in the control of cardiac function. Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrated the undoubted advantage of the new original molecule (Hypertril) over basic β-adrenoblockers (Metoprolol, Nebivolol, Carvedilol and Bisoprolol) and experimentally justify further in-depth study to create on its basis a drug for the treatment of CHF.

Response of the cardiovascular system to heart rate variability biofeedback intervention in adolescents with different autonomic nervous tone living in northern and southern regions

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular responses of adolescents during self-regulation are contingent upon their initial autonomic tone and place of residence.
 AIM: To investigate the dynamics of cardiovascular system indices during heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) training in adolescents with different initial autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, taking into account their residence in the northern and southern regions.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: Schoolchildren aged 1617 years, residents of the northwestern (n=55), northeastern (n=55) and southern (n=55) regions of the Russian Federation were examined. Heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded. Participants were divided into the following groups according to their baseline autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm: vagotonics, normotonics and sympathotonics. Normotonics and sympathotonics additionally had a one-time HRV BF session to increase parasympathetic influences on heart rhythm.
 RESULTS: The northwestern/northeastern/southern samples revealed 29/7/16% vagotonics; 42/47/49% normotonics; and 29/46/35% sympathotonics. BP was significantly greater in sympathotonics compared to vagotonics and normotonics in in the northeastern region and sympathotonics in the northwestern and southern regions. HRV BF training was successful in all participants: HRV parameters responded to a greater extent in sympathotonics living in the northwestern region while their BP and baroreflex levels were relatively stable. Sympathotonics of the northeastern and southern regions were characterized by preservation of elevated HR after HRV BF accompanied by a significant decrease in BP and a pronounced baroreflex response.
 CONCLUSION: In the northwestern region, adolescents who are mainly decendants of migrants from the southern regions typically have sympathicotonia and increased vascular response to HRV BF. The descendants of natives of the northwestern region apparently inherited more advanced mechanisms of cardiovascular regulations in the conditions of the Arctic.

INDICATORS OF VEGETATIVE DYSFUNCTION IN ATHLETES WITH SIGNS OF OVERTRAINING

The article examines indicators of autonomic dysfunction and features of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in athletes. The study was conducted on the basis of the sports medicine center of Sumy State University. Two groups of athletes took part in the study. The first group of athletes included those who had signs of a non-functional state and autonomic dysfunction (in the survey according to Wayne, or it was diagnosed with an unsatisfactory ortho/clinostatic reaction) - 27 people. The second group consisted of 40 people without signs of functional overstrain (overtraining). In the course of the study, highly qualified track and field athletes were examined using the method of heart rate variability (HRV), orthostatic and clinostatic tests, and Wayne's questionnaire. The main temporal, spectral and indicators of heart rate variability were studied, and the predominant type of autonomic regulation of heart activity was established. The study of indicators of vegetative regulation of the heart showed a statistical difference between indicators of heart rate variability in athletes. Thus, the study of the features of heart rate variability makes it possible to assess the state of the mechanisms of regulation of physiological functions in the human body, as well as the general activity of regulatory mechanisms, neurohumoral regulation of the heart, the relationship between sympathetic and parasympathetic links of the autonomic nervous system. It is also quite important that the obtained data on the athlete's functional state can be used in the future to evaluate the athlete's training process and ways to optimize it.

Influence of Insulin Resistance and Obesity on the Autonomic Regulation of Rat Heart Rate under Conditions of Adequate and Limited Iodine Supply

Cardiovascular diseases remain a major medical problems in most countries around the world, causing significant economic disbenefit. An important pathogenetic mechanism of the influence of insulin resistance and hypothyroidism on the cardiovascular system is the alteration in the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm.
 Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of heart rate variability (HRV) in rats with insulin resistance and obesity under the conditions of adequate and limited iodine supply.
 Materials and Methods. Studies were performed on 90 nonlinear rats pandomized by random sampling. The response of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was studied using a computer program to analyze HRV “Poly-Spectrum.NET” with the additional module “Poly-Spectrum.NET/Veterinary”.
 Results. It was determined that the co-directed dynamics of geometric and statistical analysis of HRV and balance shift in the direction of the low-frequency component in spectrum analysis of the heart rate regarding control data were revealed in rats with isolated insulin resistance, obesity and combined endocrinopathy (insulin resistance and obesity under the conditions of limited iodine supply). 
 Conclusion. The prevalence of sympathetic ANS activity under the conditions of insulin resistance and obesity can contribute to cardiac arrhythmias, the development of diabetic autonomic neuropathy and with a high probability to cause some cases of life-threatening arrhythmias (supraventricular and ventricular). Iodine deficiency contributes to the depletion of regulatory effects of ANS and limits the range of adaptive capabilities and resources of the organism.

Features of endothelial function and autonomic regulation of heart rhytm in patients with vasospastic angina

BACKGROUND: The clinical features of vasospastic angina are well known, but pathogenesis remains a subject of discussion. Changes in the autonomic regulation of coronary artery tone and endothelial function that contribute to the development of vasospasm are not well understood. The data on the subject from the published studies are contradictory.
 AIM: To evaluate features of endothelial function and autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in patients with vasospastic angina.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 16 patients with proven vasospastic angina. All the patients have been evaluated for the heart rate variability at rest and vegetative tests (deep breathing, and active standing tests). Endothelial function has been assessed in terms of reactive hyperemia index by peripheral arterial tonometry using an Endo-PAT 2000 device.
 RESULTS: The baseline of the total heart rate variability was borderline with the normal parameters SDNN 50 (32.5; 50) ms in the patients with vasospastic angina. There were 14 patients who have demonstrated an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system at rest, mainly due to an increase of parasympathetic influences. The appropriate reaction of the autonomic nervous system, characterized by an increase of vagal influences, has been determined in 13 patients in the deep-breathing test. A paradoxical reaction, characterized by an increase of vagal influences on the heart rhythm, has been registered in 13 patients in the active standing tests. Endothelial dysfunction has been observed in half of the studied patients. Furthermore, a combination of both pathophysiological mechanisms, i.e., endothelial and autonomic dysfunctions have been observed in all the patients with a reduced reactive hyperemia index.
 CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of our study, the parasympathetic influences of the autonomic nervous system on the heart rhythm were predominant in the patients with vasospastic angina, which is not typical for coronary heart disease. All the patients had autonomic or endothelial dysfunction. A combination of both pathophysiological mechanisms has been observed in half of the examined patients.

Стан серцево-судинної системи кваліфікованих спортсменок з настільного тенісу на етапі змагальної діяльності

The condition of the cardiovascular system is one of the important criteria for assessing the impact of sports training on the human body. According to the indicators characterizing the state of the cardiovascular system, it is possible to trace the changes associated with fluctuations in the level of training, as well as to identify signs of overload as early as possible. The study of adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system in athletes under physical activity is an important indicator for sports practice. The purpose of the study was to investigate the quantitative criteria for assessing the state of the cardiovascular system and approaches to correct the functional state of qualified athletes specializing in table tennis. Materials and methods. Studies of heart rate variability, quantitative and qualitative indicators that sufficiently reflect the autonomic functions of the body were used in order to assess the state of autonomic regulation in highly qualified athletes. Systematic physical activity causes a significant restructuring of the cardiovascular system and leads to morphofunctional changes in the mechanisms of the heart. Depending on the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, there are different ways of myocardial adaptation processes. The balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic links of autonomic rhythm regulation is reflected in the activation of the left ventricle. Results and discussion. Adaptive changes of the cardiovascular system to competitive and training loads in the competitive period in qualified athletes are characterized by a significant decrease in heart rate (from 84.75±1.74 beats / min to 74.8±0.38 beats / min). In addition, a significantly faster process of restoring heart rate was established after exercise in the group of qualified athletes, compared with athletes of the category 1 at 4 (p >0.05) and 5 (p >0.05) minutes, respectively. According to the indicators of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, activation of the parasympathetic link prevails in athletes of the category 1 in comparison with qualified athletes activation (according to high-frequency component, p <0.05). Significantly higher rates of individual parts of the body compared to low-skilled athletes were found out: the hormonal system (the indicator responsible for the hormonal part of the body – very low-frequency component) and the nervous system (indicators of the sympathetic nervous system – low frequency component). There are significantly higher values of the magnitude of the heart rate spectrum and high-frequency component at p <0.05, which indicates a higher power of all units of the parasympathetic regulation in the category 1 in relation to masters of sports and candidates masters of sports. Conclusion. Systematic physical activity causes a significant restructuring of the cardiovascular system and leads to morphofunctional changes in the mechanisms of the heart. Depending on the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, there are different ways of myocardial adaptation processes. The balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic links of autonomic rhythm regulation is reflected in the activation of the left ventricle. The analysis showed that the spectral characteristics of heart rate variability significantly differ between groups of athletes with different dominance that are observed only in terms of high-frequency component, which in turn led to a change in the sympathetic-vagal balance

State of Autonomic Regulation of Heart Rhythm in Young and Old Rats before and after the Application of Different Regimens of Rhythmic Extreme Cooling

State of Autonomic Regulation of Heart Rhythm in Young and Old Rats before and after the Application of Different Regimens of Rhythmic Extreme Cooling

Features of the functional state of the cardiovascular system during cognitive load for children 5-6 years of age

Introduction.Much attention is paid to the analysis of problems that arise during the initial stage of children's education in school in recent years. Preschool age is one of the sensitive and critical stages of individual development. Explicit structural and functional changes occur during this period. These changes are accompanied by an increase in the functional stress of psychovegetative mechanisms of regulation. Both psychological and physical stress are considered to be the cause of autonomic disorders. Such a provoking factor may be the beginning of school for a child. Formation of visual and auditory perception is one of the leading functions of cognitivedevelopment for older preschool children. This function provides the child's interaction with the external environment and its orientation in space. This function is also an indicator of the child's readiness for school.Therefore, the importance of studying the features of the functional state of the cardiovascular system during the audio-visual load of educational and developmental nature is relevant.Thepurposewas to study the features of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm of children 5-6 years old under conditions of cognitive load.Methods.Observation was carried out on children 5-6 years of age of preparatory groups of preschool educational institutions of the Sumy city (n = 192). We assume that changes in autonomic functions may be influenced bythe immaturity of motor-motor, visual-auditory, speech-auditory and visual-graphic components. An important component of educational and cognitive activities in preschool age is the development of reading and writing. Visual information was studied from two positions pictorial (elements of writing) and verbal (recognition of letters and words elements of reading).The method of phasography was used to study the state of the cardiovascular system. This method was used using the device "Phazagraph". This device is designed for recording and analysis of the electrocardiogram in the phase space to estimate the amplitude and speed parameters of any elements of the electrocardiogram, which allows you to accurately estimate the graph of the electrocardiogram.Results.It was found that sympathicotonia is manifested among the examined children aged 5 and 6 years during cognitive load. Activation of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system occurs during writing compared to reading. That is, the adaptive mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system correspond to lower rates during writing compared to reading. The reason for this may be the immaturity of autonomous supply systems and mechanisms for their regulation and indicate an imbalance of autonomicsupply. In turn, the dominance of sympathetic influence on heart rate is accompanied by signs of dysregulation of cardiovascular functions during writing for children. The reason may be the immaturity of the functional systems of the interconnected brain areas, which is accompanied by a deterioration in the coordination of autonomic functions of the body. Originality. The idea of the formation of psychophysiological features in ontogenesis is expanded.Conclusion. A comprehensive assessment of children's adaptation to exercise was justified.

Non-contact capacitive sensing for ECG recording in small animals

Rat electrocardiography (ECG) is frequently used in biomedical research as a model for exploring heart function in a wide variety of experimental conditions. Subcutaneous ECG is a common approach to record rat heart rhythm using implanted needle electrodes to sense the rat ECG signals with the animal under deep anesthesia. However, such an invasive measurement could cause inconvenience due to cumbersome animal preparation, and the anesthetics are likely to interfere with the autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm. Most studies used the galvanic contact between animal limb and electrode sensing surface to record cardiac signals from small animals. However, the non-contact approach of capacitive ECG sensing for small laboratory animals has not been extensively investigated. This study aims to develop a non-contact ECG system to promote the ECG measurement of laboratory animals for biomedical research. The method utilizes the capacitive coupling technique to detect cardiac signals in awake rats (R-wave amplitude of only 0.2 mV) through a non-conductive layer. The proposed system generates non-contact ECG signals with distinguishable R-peaks at a limb-electrode capacitance above 8.5 pF and maximum through-thickness of the non-conductive layer of 0.4 mm for heart rate assessment. In conclusion, this study provides non-contact ECG monitoring based on capacitive electrodes to improve the throughput of ECG measurement procedures for biomedical research and establish a lower bound of coupling capacitance for non-contact application to heart rate. The new method is ideally suited for the rapid evaluation of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in awake laboratory small animals.

Correlation between adipocytokine profile and heart rate variability in patients with obesity

Objective. The high prevalence of obesity in employable population dictates the necessity for preclinical diagnosis of diseases associated with it, including the study of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm. The objective was to study the correlations between the adipocytokine profile and heart rate variability in patients with obesity.
 Materials and methods. 300 persons were examined, the average age was 46.2 6.4 years; Group 1 was metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotype (MUHOP) 90 patients; group 2 was obesity without metabolic disorders [Ob(+)MD(-)] (MHOP) 50 persons; the control group consisted of 100 healthy respondents. We studied the following indices: blood serum adipocytokines: leptin, insulin, resistin, adiponectin. Heart rate variability was studied using Poly-Spectrum Rhythm 2012 computer electrocardiograph.
 Results. In the course of the study, decrease in the total heart rate variability and reactivity of the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system in patients from MUHOP group was found, while there were no differences with the control in the MHOP group. It was established that a decrease in the parasympathetic effect on the regulation of heart rhythm is associated with the presence of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and an increase in the level of TG, glucose, resistin, and uric acid.
 Conclusions. The received relationships between indicators of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, the level of uric acid and adipocytokines with temporal and spectral characteristics of the autonomic nervous system confirm their contribution to the development of autonomic dysfunction in obese persons.

Ассоциация укорочения длины теломер с состоянием вегетативной нервной и антиоксидантной систем у пациентов пожилого возраста с церебральным атеросклерозом и сахарным диабетом 2-го типа

Количество теломер, потерянных во время каждого деления клеток, варьируется у разных людей. Предыдущие исследования показали, что увеличение окислительного стресса и хронического воспаления связаны с ускоренным укорочением теломер, однако механизм, лежащий в основе объединения укорочения длины теломер с этими факторами риска, остается гипотетическим. Целью данного исследования было определение взаимосвязи длины теломер с показателями оксидативного стресса и вариабельности ритма сердца у пациентов с церебральным атеросклерозом на разных стадиях, в том числе перенесших ишеми ческий атеротромботический инсульт, а также выявление влияния вышеуказанных факторов на прогноз укорочения длины теломер у данной категории пациентов. Материал и методы. В комплексном клинико-инструментальном исследовании приняли участие 84 пациента с церебральным атеросклерозом (ЦА) 1-3-й степени и сахарным диабетом 2-го типа (СД). Все пациенты проходили общепринятое клиническое, лабораторное и инструментальное обследование (электрокардиография (ЭКГ), МРТ головного мозга). Результаты.Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от относительной длины теломер. Медиана относительной длины теломер составила 2,848. Доля мужчин составила 21,2% в 1-й и 52,0% во 2-й группах. Для выявления связи показателей использовали метод построения логистических моделей регрессии. Установлена статистически значимая положительная связь риска укорочения теломер с индексом вегетативной регуляции ритма сердца (НЧ/ВЧ) и концентрацией тиобарбитурореактивных веществ (TBARs). Выводы. Изменения ВРС и TBARs у пациентов с ЦА и СД связаны с длиной теломер — маркером клеточного старения. Длина теломер может стать ранним маркером ослабления автономной регуляции сердечной деятельности и отражать истинный биологический возраст ВНС.

Особливості морфо-функціонального стану спортсменів з нетиповими варіантами змін автономної регуляції серцевого ритму у відповідь на фізичне навантаження

Purpose: to determine the peculiarities of the morpho-functional parameters of highly qualified athletes, in whom, in response to intense physical activity, atypical variants of changes in the autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm were noted. Material and methods: 202 highly qualified male athletes of various sports took part in the study. In the initial state, routine measurements of body size and body functions were carried out according to standard methods, Kerdo index, Robinson index, Baevsky's adaptation potential, level of physical condition were calculated. The cardiorespiratory system was studied using the spiroarteriocardiorhythmography method before the training load (K1), immediately after it (K2), as well as the next morning after training (K3). Heart rate variability was analyzed according to the method proposed by N.I. Shlyk Athletes with atypical variants of changes in the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm were identified, which indicated the probable development of overfatigue (GS1 – 9 people) and overstrain according to the sympathetic (GS2 – 10 people) and parasympathetic types (GS3 – 9 people). Results: the determined morpho-functional features of athletes allow us to assume that in the development of overfatigue, one of the important indicators is a decrease in the vital index and an increase in Baevsky AP, with a persistent predominance of sympathetic influences, a greater content of fat mass and an increase in diastolic blood pressure against the background of unchanged systolic blood pressure are important blood pressure, with a persistent predominance of parasympathetic influences, low body mass index, chest circumference against the background of increased mobility, as well as significant changes in indices that determine pronounced economization of the cardiovascular system and predict high work capacity are important. Conclusions: In general, the identified features do not provide a clear opportunity to predict the development of atypical changes in the autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system in response to intense physical exertion, but they can be useful in determining the states of training, overfatigue and overstrain of the athletes' body.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT AND LENGTH IN NEWBORNS AND INDICATORS OF AUTHONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN CHILDREN

The purpose of this work is to study the relationship between body weight and length in newborns and indicators of autonomic nervous system in children. To study the features of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, we studied children aged from four to seven years (125 boys and 114 girls). Five‐minute ECG were recorded during rest period. In four‐year‐old boys, we have found positive correlation between body weight at birth and SI («stress index») (r = −0.257, p <0.05), AMo (r = −0.169, p <0.05), heart rate (r = −0.002, p <0.05). In girls of the same age, multiple regression analysis showed a pronounced effect of body weight at birth on SI (r = 0.506, p <0.016) and AMo (r = 0.525, p <0.01). In boys of five years old, a significant correlation was found between body weight at birth and the average value of RR intervals (r = 0.647, p <0.001), Mo (r = 0.598, p <0.001), AMo (r = −0.442, p <0.01), SI (r = −0.465, p <0,05), heart rate (r = −0.666, p <0.001). For boys of five years old, significant correlation was observed between the length of the body of newborns and the average value of RR‐intervals (r = 0.583, p <0.001), Mo (r = 0.518, p <0.002), MxDMn (r = 0.441, p <0.01), AMo (r = −0.539, p <0.001), SI (r = −0.606, p <0.001), heart rate (r = −0.600, p <0.001). In girls of five years of age, a significant positive relationship was found between body weight at birth and SI (r = −0.173, p <0.05), between the length of the body at birth and SI (r = −0.166, p <0.05). The results of multiple regression analysis allow us to come to the conclusion about a more pronounced effect of body length at birth on indicators of autonomic nervous system in children. Body weight and body length of newborns may be use as cofactors when analyzing the influence of environmental factors on the functional state of the cardiovascular system.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HEART RHYTHM VARIABILITY IN RESIDENTS OF MIDDLE OB REGION WITH DERMAL DISEASES

The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with chronic dermatoses, citizens of the Middle Ob Region. Methods. 74 patients with chronic dermal diseases (psoriasis and eczema), as well as 37 people who were included in the control group, were examined using the method of variational pulse oximetry using the Elox-01 hardware complex and the ELOGRAPH software product. The assessment of the constituent characteristics of HRV was carried out using different approaches: methods of mathematical statistics using non-parametric tests of Wilcoxon, Shapiro-Wilk and multivariate analysis of multidimensional phase spaces, which determined the evidential base for quantitative measures and diagnostic markers (criteria) in disorders of neuro-vegetative regulation of cardiac function in patients with dermatoses. Results. Peculiarities of the heart rhythm structure were found in patients with dermal diseases: a statistically significant decrease in the LF and HF components was revealed and an imbalance was found in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system with a predominance of sympathetic imbalance in patients with dermatoses living in the Middle Ob region in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Ugra. Diagnostic indicators of the characteristics of HRV in patients with eczema and psoriasis were determined, which made it possible to distinguish a complex of signs in the differences in the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm - Total P (mc2), VLF (mc2), LF (mc2) and the integral characteristics of HRV - Baevsky stress index (INB (cu), indicators of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system (SIM, PAR, cu). Conclusions. Patients with chronic dermatoses (psoriasis, eczema) living in severe climatic conditions of the Middle Ob Region have a tendency to early development of complicated forms of the disease with detection of imbalance in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system with a predominance of parasympathetic tone. The data obtained are important diagnostic aspects of the diseases pathogenesis, contributing to the determination of the further prognosis and correction of medical treatment.

Вегетативна реактивність у спортсменів у стані перетренованості

Larysa Ruban, Oleksandr Khatsaiuk, Oleh Yareshchenko, Artem Korolov & Viacheslav OlenchenkoPurpose: to determine the state of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in athletes at various stages of overtraining from the results of an analysis of heart rate variability. Material & Methods: under our supervision there were 49 athletes with signs of overtraining of the I-II stage. To determine vegetative reactivity, an analysis of cardiointervalography data with an orthostatic test was performed. Results: revealed that the most often overtraining of the II stage was found among athletes of playing sports, and with athletic qualifications more often occurs among athletes of the I category than among masters of sports. The results of cardiointervalography indicated that in highly qualified athletes in a state of overtraining, the index of autonomic reactivity does not bring the value of the stress index beyond the balanced work of the ANS. In athletes from the 1st category, compared with masters of sports, hypersympathicotonic activity of the ANS occurs against the background of overtraining. Conclusions: a high indicator of the stress index after an orthostatic test indicates the development of the strain of autonomic and regulatory systems in the body of athletes of the first category, which can lead to a breakdown in the adaptive capabilities of the body.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF ANXIETY LEVEL AND REGULATORY PROFILE OF CARDIAC RHYTHM IN MILITARY STUDENTS IN CONDITIONS OF EXAMINATION

The article presents the research results of a regulatory profile of cardiac rhythm in a situation of examination, depending on the level of personal and state anxiety. In order to identify the characteristics of a psychosomatic response to the situation of examination stress the level of anxiety was assessed, which made the basis for ranking groups (low-, moderate-, high - anxious cadets). Cardiac rhythm variability was investigated by the method of R. M. Baevsky, and the statistical and spectral analysis was estimated. The study involved 42 apparently healthy cadets of the first course, 35 girls and 7 boys. The average age was (17.5 ± 0.5) years. A cross-sectional (transverse) study was carried out which protocol included 2 stages: the first stage: anxiety level was determined before the exam, functioning parameters of cardiovascular system and cardiac rhythm variability were registered. The second stage: registration of above mentioned parameters immediately after the examination. The analysis of the research results showed that the level of state anxiety before the exam in all groups was above the level of trait anxiety, which was seen as a natural reaction to the situation of the examination. The reaction of the cardiovascular system and the mechanisms of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm in a standard situation such as examination were provocative depending on the level of anxiety. Highly anxious examinees showed a higher activation of sympathetic part of autonomic division of nervous system which indicated the generalization of anxiety and possibilities of its somatization.

THE FEATURES OF VEGETATIVE REACTIVITY DURING CONDUCTION OF ORTHOSTATIC TEST IN SPORTSMEN DEPENDING ON THE DIRECTION OF THE TRAINING PROCESS

Objective: to assess the features of initial vegetative tone and vegetative reactivity in sportsmen during their endurance training and speed-power physical exercises. Material and methods. We examined 50 sportsmen (22 athletes и 28 rowers) and 29 young men of the control group. The parameters of heart rate variability were evaluated by the results of ECG registration during conduction of the orthostatic test (complex «Polyspectr»). Results . The initial vegetative tone in speed-power sportsmen is characterized by more expressed activity of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm, and vegetative reactivity is characterized by higher degree of humoral-metabolic regulation mechanisms than in sportsmen specializing in endurance training. Conclusion. The features of the parameters of heart rate variability during the orthostatic test have been determined in dependence on the direction of the training process.

STATES OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ELITE ATHLETES IN DIFFERENT AGING GROUPS.

The influences of aging peculiarities in elite athletes on the psychophysiological states on the stage of the maximum capacity were studied. Three groups of athletes with different age were studied. The first group was composed of the athletes aged 18-20, the second one included athletes aged 21-25, the third group included athletes aged 26-34, and were the members of the team of Ukraine in Greco-Roman wrestling. We revealed that elite athletes of older age group were significantly different from the younger by the presence of a large fatigue with the decline of autonomy when forming strategies of sports activities and more perfect the mechanism of autonomic reactions. The aging deterioration of perception of visual information in elite athletes of older age group manifested in a significant decrease of productivity, efficiency and speed for comparison with the groups of younger athletes. Also, in elite athletes older age group there is a significantly higher level of tension of autonomic regulation of heart rhythm compared with young athletes and the presence of more optimal activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

The effect of mood disorders on the course of coronary heart disease: a modern model of pathogenesis of depression, pathophysiological and behavioral patterns

The prevalence of depressive disorders at the population level is from 2,5 to 10% among patients with coronary heart disease - 20%. The presence of depressive disorders in patients with coronary artery disease leads to hypersympathicotonia decrease vagal activity, endothelial dysfunction and blood coagulation system, weighing down the disease. The most significant theories of pathophysiological mechanism of increased mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease in combination with mood disorders are increased thrombus formation and disturbance of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm.