Index Of Autonomic Dysfunction Research Articles

Associations between physical activity and autonomic function during deep breathing test: the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).

The deep breathing test (DBT) is a sensitive test of cardiovagal function. The aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity and sedentary time, measured by accelerometer, and autonomic function, using DBT. In the Swedish Cardio-Pulmonary bioImage Study, men and women aged 50-64 were randomly invited from the general population. A total of 4325 subjects who underwent DBT and assessment of physical activity and sedentary time by accelerometery were included. ECG files from 1-min DBT were used to calculate measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA; expiration-inspiration (E-I) difference and E/I ratio], heart rate variability [HRV; root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), standard deviation of heart rates and mean circular resultant]. Low RSA and HRV was defined as the lowest 10% in the population. For accelerometer-assessed physical activity, there were significant associations between high percentage of sedentary time and low E/I (p < 0.01), and low RMSSD (p < 0.01) in an age- and sex-adjusted model, and between percentage of sedentary time and low RMSSD (p = 0.04) in a risk factor-adjusted model. Low RMSSD was less common in those with a high percentage of moderate to vigorous physical activity (p = 0.04, after risk-factor adjustment). These associations became non-significant when further adjusting for heart rate. We report associations between degree of physical activity and indices of autonomic dysfunction in a large population. The relationships were no longer significant after adjustments for heart rate, indicating that the relationship between physical activity and cardiovagal function partly is accounted for by reduced heart rate.

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANIFESTATIONS OF AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION AND HYPERTENSION SEVERITY

Introduction. Hypertension is one of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system, which is observed in the majority of the working population of Ukraine and around the world. Autonomic dysfunction syndrome is one of the first manifestations and precursors of hypertension. Materials and Methods. The study included 81 patients with hypertension and autonomic dysfunction. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on blood pressure. To assess the pathology data, blood pressure was measured according to the 2018 recommendation and patients were surveyed according to a standard questionnaire to identify autonomic disorders by Vein. Results. When assessing the prevalence of symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in the study groups, there was a weak dependence of their occurrence with the severity of hypertension, even in patients with mild hypertension there was a significant frequency of symptoms, which cannot but adversely affect patients' quality of life. Assessing the severity of symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, the prevalence of symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, periodic discoloration of the extremities and paroxysmal headaches in the first group (the most favorable course of high blood pressure). For the second group, the most severe were symptoms such as intermittent numbness of the fingers and shortness of breath. The rank correlation between the degree of hypertension and the severity of autonomic dysfunction was 0.103 (p = 0.302), which indicates a positive correlation between these parameters, but the relationship was weak and did not acquire statistical significance. Conclusion. In patients with a combination of hypertension and autonomic dysfunction, the symptoms of the latter are common at any severity of hypertension. The relationship between the severity of hypertension and autonomic dysfunction could not be established, among hemodynamic indicators, pulse blood pressure was most correlated with the index of autonomic dysfunction.

A16293 Autonomic dysfunction index and its relationship with arterial stiffness and left ventricular mass index

A16293 Autonomic dysfunction index and its relationship with arterial stiffness and left ventricular mass index

Clinical and psychological features of patients with migraine without aura and chronic migraine

Migraine is the second most common after a tension-type headache and ranks third among all diseases that lead to a loss of performance among men and women under the age of 50 years. The aim of the work was to study the prevalence and severity of manifestations of anxiety, depression, autonomic and dissomnical disorders in patients with migraine without aura and chronic migraine. Material and methods. A total of 31 patients with diagnoses of migraine without aura (MwA) (group I, n = 20) and chronic migraine (CM) (group II, n = 11) were examined. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects. A clinical and neurological examination was carried out, experimental psychological methods included the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck’s Depression Inventory, a questionnaire for determining autonomic disorders, a questionnaire for scoring the subjective characteristics of sleep. Results.Patients with MwA and CM were characterized by significantly higher rates of state (SА) and trait (TА) anxiety, depression, more expressed signs of autonomic dysfunction and sleep disorders compared to healthy subjects. Patients with CM had significantly higher rates of SА (1.62 times), TА (1.26 times), subjective signs of depressive mood (1.21 times), sleep disorders (1,36 times)compared topatients with MwA, which can be considered as a factor in the chronicity of HA. In both clinical groups, statistically significant positive correlations were found between the Beck depression indicator and the TА indicator; in patients with MwA, there is a negative correlation between the sleep quality indicator and the autonomic dysfunction index and the Beck depression indicator. Conclusions. For patients with MwA and CM were characterized significantly higher indices of SА and TА, depression, more pronounced signs of autonomic disorders and sleep disorders compared tohealthy subjects. Detected psycho-vegetative disorders are more common and more pronounced in patients with CM compared to patients with MwA. Determining the psycho-autonomicstate in this category of patients will allow us to individualize the approach to management and promptly developtreatment and rehabilitation modalities, if necessary, that will prevent the chronication of НА and help to improve the quality of life.

Abstract P545: Prehypertension is Associated With Metabolic Disturbance and Delayed Heart Rate Recovery: Potential Link Between Prehypertension and Metabolic-autonomic Dysfunction

Background: Prehypertension is a highly prevalent condition, but its pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Heart rate recovery (HRR), noninvasive parameter acquired during treadmill test, is an index of autonomic dysfunction. We aimed to evaluate the association of prehypertension with autonomic dysfunction, and further, to identify the determinants of autonomic dysfunction. Methods: We retrospectively identified 557 asymptomatic participants who did not have hypertension and underwent comprehensive health check-ups including cardiopulmonary exercise test. They were categorized into two groups: optimal blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP&lt;120mmHg and diastolic BP&lt;80mmHg, n=277) and prehypertension (120≤systolic BP&lt;140mmHg and/or 80 ≤diastolic BP&lt;89mmHg, n=280). HRR at 1 minute (HRR 1 ) was also calculated as follows: peak heart rate (HR) minus HR after 1-minute recovery. Results: Prehypertension group exhibited more obese feature (waist circumference, 83.3±7.3 vs. 87.4±8.1cm; p&lt;0.001) and metabolic disturbance (HOMA-IR, 0.93±0.85 vs. 1.26±1.06; uric acid 5.5±1.4 vs. 5.9±1.4; HDL-cholesterol 52.4±13.6 vs. 48.5±12.2 mg/dL; all p&lt;0.005). They also had high pulse wave velocity (PWV, 1315.7±143.0 vs. 1453.1±187.1cm/sec, p&lt;0.001). Although the resting HR and peak exercise HR did not differ between the groups, prehypertension group exhibited a significantly lower HRR 1 level, suggesting an impaired parasympathetic reactivation in the prehypertension (39.3±14.7 vs. 36.2±14.9 beats/min, p=0.016). In a multivariate linear regression analysis, resting HR ( ß =-0.360, p&lt;0.001), waist circumference ( ß =-0.195, p=0.018), PWV ( ß =-0.008, p=0.017), and HDL-cholesterol ( ß =0.105, p=0.036) were independent determinants of the HRR 1 . Conclusions: Prehypertension is associated with metabolic disturbance and autonomic dysfunction. HRR is mainly determined by waist circumference, arterial stiffness, and dyslipidemia even after adjustment for the resting HR. Our observation suggests the possible role of metabolic-autonomic abnormality in the pathogenesis of prehypertension.

PP.17.31

Objective: The effect of mean blood pressure levels on arterial stiffness development is well known; however, the role of dynamic factors as autonomic dysfunction (AD) over the pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the mid-term is still under evaluation. Objectives: a) To evaluate the contribution of home blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variability to assess arterial stiffness in essential hypertension (EH). b) To determinate if autonomic dysfunction (increased BP variability and decreased HR variability) is associated to higher PWV. Design and method: We evaluated 202 consecutive hypertensive patients who assist to be evaluated in a primary cardiovascular prevention program. All patients underwent anthropometric measurements. BP and HR were recorded through home BP monitoring/ 7 consecutive days (MicroLife®). Measurements of PWV were carried out using an automatic oscillometric device (Mobil-O-Graph®) at rest. We defined an autonomic dysfunction index (ADI) as follows: -ADI: standard deviation of systolic BP (SBP_SD)/standard deviation of HR (HR_SD) Correlations between mean systolic BP, SBP_SD, HR_SD and ADI with PWV were performed. Results: After applying exclusion criteria 120 patients with EH (135 ± 14/90 ± 10 mm Hg, 55 +/-10 years, 74% male, 107 treated) were included. Mean SBP was associated with PWV (r=0.23, p: 0.01) while SBP_SD showed a higher direct association with PWV (r = 0.32, P < 0.0003), unlike HR_SD (r = -0.20, P = 0.03). The index of autonomic dysfunction –ADI- presented the more significant association with PWV (r = 0.43, p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Home SBP variability showed a higher and direct association than mean SBP values with PWV in EH. The AD phenomenon (expressed as higher BP variability/ lesser BP variability) presented a close positive relationship with PWV, which could indicate some role of mid-term AD in the increment of PWV in essential hypertension.

Indices Of Autonomic Dysfunction During Exercise Testing: Relationship To Reduced Levels Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Indices Of Autonomic Dysfunction During Exercise Testing: Relationship To Reduced Levels Of Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Assessment of Cardiac Autonomic Nervous Activities by Means of ECG R‐R Interval Power Spectral Analysis and Cardiac Depolarization‐Repolarization Process

Background: Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is prevalent in diabetic patients and associated with prolongation of myocardial repolarization period. It was speculated that changes in autonomic nervous system activity, particularly the sympatho‐vagal balance contributes to the prolongation of myocardial repolarization.Methods: Ten patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), thirty patients with diabetes mellitus, and ten control subjects (CONT) volunteered for this study. The patients with diabetes mellitus were further divided into three subgroups according to the severity of neuropathy: patients without any neuropathy (NO), with peripheral neuropathy (N1) and with autonomic neuropathy (N2). ECG activation time (AT), activation recovery interval (ARI), and recovery time (RT) was measured and ECG R‐R spectral analysis was performed.Result: There were significant decreases (P &lt; 0.01) in RTc in N1, N2, and IHD as compared with CONT and NO. In addition, HI of R‐R interval power spectrum were significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.01) in N1, N2, and IHD than those in CONT and NO.Conclusion: We have successfully developed and adapted a new computer system for simultaneous ECG RT measurements and ECG R‐R power spectral analysis, a putative index of autonomic dysfunction and risk for sudden cardiac death, to study patients with ischemic heart disease and with varying degrees of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Those with little HI power, which reflects more severe diabetic neuropathy and a high risk of sudden cardiac death, had significantly longer RTc, which is consistent with sympatho‐vagal imbalance toward parasympathetic denervation.

The reactivity of the iris muscles as an index of autonomic dysfunction in schizophrenic remission.

Several parameters of the activity of the iris muscles of the eye in response to light and darkness were utilized as indices of parasympathetic-cholinergic and sympathetic-adrenergic mechanisms, respectively, in an effort to determine whether actively schizophrenic patients could be differentiated from patients evaluated as recovered or in clinical remission. When both groups of patients were compared to a normal control group on pupillary dilation, pupillary constriction, and the asymptotic variability of the light-adapted pupil, significant differences were found. Of the 27 patients who were actively psychotic, 93 per cent were found to be aberrant on one or more of the variables while 75 per cent of the psychotics in remission were also found to deviate significantly. Moreover, observed patterns of aberrant pupillary response were found to be almost identical in both groups of patients. Based upon the samples studied, it was concluded that 75 per cent of schizophrenics in remission, about to return to their families and communities, manifested patterns of aberrant autonomic dysfunction that were indistinguishable from the patterns manifested by actively psychotic patients.