Car Radiator Research Articles

Examine the Heat Transfer Characteristics in Car Radiator Utilizing the Water/Anti-Freezing and Al2O3/Cuo/Tio2 Based Nanofluid as Coolant

Automobile radiators have been using traditional heat transfer fluids like water and motor oil for a long time. However, there is an increasing demand for improved heat transfer fluids in order to greatly increase the system's thermal performance. Traditional fluids often suffer from low thermal conductivities, and the flat tube's limited surface area hinders the enhancement of heat transfer. Improving heat transmission between the radiator and coolant is primarily intended to increase the cooling capability of car engines, guaranteeing peak performance and averting malfunctions. This study investigates two methods to achieve this goal. The first method focuses on modifying the radiator’s flat tube design by altering the fin configuration. One design incorporates 34 continuous louvered fins, while the other uses 46 continuous louvered fins with a U-shaped configuration. In order to improve heat transmission, the second technique adds solid particles that are nanoscale in size to the base fluid. Three nanoparticles—Al₂O₃, CuO, and TiO₂—are used at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.15%, and 0.3%. By combining these modified designs with various nanoparticle concentrations, a total of 10 cases were analyzed. Throughout the investigation, the flat tube's coolant's intake velocity remained constant. ANSYS Fluent 23.2 was used to assess the heat transfer properties, taking into account variables including velocity distribution, temperature distribution, pressure drop, and heat transfer rate. The coolant containing 0.3% TiO₂ nanoparticles had the greatest heat transfer capability, surpassing all other examples examined. Its outlet temperature was 360.53 K, and its heat transfer rate was 76.73 W.Keyword: Diabetes detection, machine learning, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosting, voting ensemble, early diagnosis.

Performance analysis of a wavy fin-and-tube automobile radiator operating on ethylene glycol and water based ternary nanofluids.

Efficient thermal management is crucial for optimizing the performance and longevity of automotive engines, particularly as environmental regulations become more stringent and consumer demand for fuel efficiency increases. This paper investigates the energy and exergy performance of a wavy fin-and-tube radiator employing novel ternary nanofluids (TNFs) for enhanced automotive cooling. A theoretical comparative analysis was performed on four distinct ethylene glycol-water solution-based TNF configurations. TNF 1 (ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2) is made up of all spherical-shaped nanoparticles; TNF 2 (Al2O3-TiO2-MWCNT) is made up of both spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles; TNF 3 (Fe-TiO2-Graphene) comprises spherical and platelet nanoparticles; and TNF 4 (Al2O3-MWCNT-Graphene) has dissimilar-shaped nanoparticles. The radiator's performance is assessed under simulated idle, city, and highway driving conditions to evaluate its operation in various automotive cooling demands. The results showed that, for most of the radiator operating scenarios and base fluid mixture configurations tested, TNF 1 offers the best performance. Additionally, the change in volume fraction for the EG/W (20:80) base fluid only slightly affects the heat transfer rate and exergy efficiency for TNF 1. However, increasing the volume fraction for the EG/W (50:50) base fluid TNFs has a more significant negative effect. In all radiator operation scenarios, the outlet temperature of the TNFs will decrease relative to the intake temperature. Ultimately, the research found that the TNFs would provide improved performance across all conditions, particularly in city and highway driving scenarios when there is a greater need for cooling.

Автомобиль радиаторларын тазалау әдістерін талдау

An analysis of car engine cooling systems and methods for cleaning car radiators is provided, an ultrasonic method for cleaning radiators by cavitation in tubes filled with water is proposed, and radiator designs are described. A physical picture of the process based on the cavitation of water in radiator tubes is given. An experimental setup for ultrasonic cleaning of radiators is described. The differences between hydrodynamic and acoustic cavitation are given. The results of the experiment confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method are given.

Influence of Coolant Additives and Core Geometry of Fin-Tube Automobile Engine Radiators on the Enhancement of Cooling Process Efficiency

The paper deals with the research on the influence of the shapes of tubes and fins of automobile engine radiators and ethylene glycol coolants of type G12 on the cooling process. This involves cross-flow without mixing of coolant and air. The circular tubes with straight fins are compared with flat tubes with corrugated fins at identical external dimensions of the radiators. The new coolant is compared with the used coolant (10 years of usage) and further with a mixture of the used coolant and the additive (coolant enhancer). The goal is to reduce the heat dissipation time during the cooling process. Forced air convection is generated by three fan variants with diameters ϕ400 mm, ϕ345 mm, and a pair of fans ϕ345 mm and ϕ290 mm. The radiator core with flattened tubes and corrugated fins achieved lower outlet temperatures of 0.35 °C, 1.56 °C, and 2.43 °C compared to circular tubes and straight fins when using the ϕ400 mm diameter fan, the fan pair, and the ϕ345 mm diameter fan, respectively. The addition of the coolant enhancer to the used and new G12 coolant, depending on the fan variant, caused the outlet temperature to decrease in the range of 0.64 °C to 1.47 °C and 0.55 °C to 1.65 °C, respectively. The fan cover is also important for efficient cooling. Refilling of the coolant enhancer in the used coolant ensured that the heat transfer properties were recovered.

Experimental Investigation of the Enhancement of Heat Transfer Rate in Automobile Radiator Using Low Concentration Hybrid Nanofluids

Engine coolant, also called antifreeze, is essential to a vehicle's performance since it controls engine temperature, keeps the cooling system from freezing in cold weather and prevents corrosion. To increase engine cooling efficiency, this study looks into using low-concentration hybrid nanofluids to accelerate heat transfer rates in automobile radiators. To maximise heat dissipation within the radiator system, the project focuses on the synthesis, characterisation and practical applications of these nanofluids. Through an extensive literature review, various nanoparticles, including metallic and oxide-based particles, were evaluated for their compatibility and effectiveness in enhancing heat transfer. The chosen nanoparticles underwent thorough characterisation for size, shape and surface properties to determine their suitability for dispersion in a base coolant. Reduced Graphene is known for its good thermal conductivity, making it an ideal candidate for enhancing cooling rates in various applications hence keeping this in mind, this experiment compares and investigates the heat transfer rate in the radiator of an automobile with a hybrid combination of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) + Copper Oxide (CuO) with ethylene glycol and distilled water, at volume fractions of 0.001%, 0.005% and 0.01%. The results show a notable increase in the efficiency of the radiator both in terms of pressure drop and effectiveness. A maximum of 9.2 and 1.5 times increase in temperature drop is recorded at 0.001%, a maximum of 12.3 and 2.08 times increase in temperature drop is noted at 0.005% and the highest of 17.9 and 3.03 times increase in temperature drop is tabulated at 0.01% volume fraction of copper oxide and 0.01% the volume fraction of RGO hybrid nanofluid. It can safely be concluded that compared to the sixty experiments conducted, the recommended nanofluid among them would be Ethylene Glycol and Distilled Water + 0.01% concentration of RGO and CuO hybrid as they have exhibited higher pressure drop, effectiveness and reduction in temperature.

An experimental investigation examining the usage of a hybrid nanofluid in an automobile radiator

Several modifications have been made to the radiator’s dimensions and materials as part of the evolution of the automotive cooling cycle. Coolant is an important factor that greatly affects the efficiency of the cooling cycle. In applications involving heat transmission, nanofluids have become a viable possibility coolant. Two distinct types of nanoparticles floating in the base fluid make up the hybrid nanofluid, a newly invented class of nanofluids. Tests of hybrid nanofluids as a working fluid substitute for conventional fluids have been assisted by the current study. In the radiator of a 2005 Honda, the MWCNT–Al2O3/water nanofluid was tested at various volumetric concentrations (Φ) using a 50:50 mixing ratio. The outcomes of the experiments were compared with those obtained by using pure water. The radiator’s performance was evaluated by adjusting the fluid flow rate and operating the fluid at two distinct temperatures (60, 80 °C). The outcomes demonstrated that the convection heat transfer coefficient increased with a ratio reached 28.5% over the distilled water at the same temperature and flow rate. Both effectiveness and the Nusselt number had improved, coming in at 22.54% and 23.74%, respectively. Depending on the fluid concentration there is an increase in the pressure drop up to 24% than ordinary fluid. It discovered considerable agreement between the research outcomes by comparing them with earlier publications. An experimental correlation was inferred from the results to estimate the Nusselt number as a function of the Reynolds number and (Φ).

Analysis of heat transfer coefficient in radiator cooling system using TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid

The automotive industry is growing, encouraging more efficient car cooling systems, especially radiators. Innovations are constantly being made to improve the performance of radiators. Choosing the correct fluid is one of the ways to increase heat transfer. This study aimed to compare the performance of coolant OBC and TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid mixed with coolant OBC to investigate the increase in heat transfer in the car's radiator. The first step is to make TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid with a two-step method, with volume fraction variations of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0%, and observe stability for 30 days. Viscosity and thermal conductivity tests are used to assess the thermophysical properties of the sample. Hybrid fluid samples of TiO2 / CuO with a volume fraction of 5.0% showed the best stability and thermal conductivity, then were added to the coolant brand OBC (1:4). The results showed an increase in heat transfer rate of 23% and a heat transfer coefficient of 20% in the TiO2/CuO hybrid fluid added to the coolant OBC

An Automated Computational Fluid Dynamics Workflow for Simulating the Internal Flow of Race Car Radiators

In this article, we present a software tool developed in Python, named T-WorkFlow. It has been devised to meet some of the design needs of Tatuus Racing S.p.a., a leading company in the design and production of racing cars for the FIA Formula 3 Regional and Formula 4 categories. The software leverages the open-source tools OpenFOAM and FreeCAD to fully automate the fluid dynamics simulation process within car radiators. The goal of T-WorkFlow is to provide designers with precise and easily interpretable results that facilitate the identification of the geometry, ensuring optimal flow distribution in the radiator channels. T-WorkFlow requires the radiator’s geometry files in .stp and .stl formats, along with additional user inputs provided through a graphical interface. For mesh generation, the software leverages the OpenFOAM tools blockMesh and snappyHexMesh. To ensure uniform mesh quality across different configurations, and thus, comparable numerical results, various pre-processing operations on the specific geometry files are needed. After generating the mesh, T-WorkFlow automatically defines a control surface for each radiator channel to monitor the volumetric flow rate distribution. This is achieved by combining the OpenFOAM command topoSet with specific geometric information directly obtained from the radiator’s CAD through FreeCAD. During the simulation, the software provides various outputs that automate the main post-processing operations, enabling quick and easy identification of the configuration that ensures the desired performance.

Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics of radiator using Graphene Amine-based nano coolant

This work presents experimental and numerical investigations on enhancing the heat transfer performance of automobile radiators with nano-coolant flowing with different mass flow rate and at different inlet temperatures conditions. Thermal management is critical as it dictates a system's overall power output, performance, efficiency and energy utilisation. Radiators and Thermal management systems for batteries are vital in keeping automobiles operating under optimal conditions. Conventional coolants lack the ability to keep up with the increasing performance requirements of thermal management systems. Nanocoolants represent a cutting-edge advancement in heat transfer fluid, boosting conductivity without compromising essential fluid dynamics of the cooling solutions. Several investigators have worked on various nanocoolants, but less work is done on radiators. In view of this, experimental and numerical investigations were done on radiator heat transfer performance using Graphene Amine based nanocoolant with varied coolant temperatures (50 °C–80 °C) and flow rates (3 l/min to 9 l/min). Thermophysical properties of nanocoolants, such as density, thermal conductivity, viscosity, specific heat, and Prandtl number, were determined by experimental and mathematical modelling techniques and were comparable with an average deviation of 5 %. Compared to the base fluids of De-ionised water and ethylene glycol combinations, Graphene Amine based nanocoolant has exhibited advancements in heat transfer properties, showing elevated Nusselt numbers, heat transfer coefficients and heat transfer rates. The investigation into the thermal transfer properties of nanocoolants utilizing theoretical and real-world experiments shows consistency with an average deviation of 20 %. Maximum heat transfer enhancement of 154.3 % and maximum heat transfer coefficient of 3209.52 W/m2K was found for Graphene Amine at 80 °C with coolant flowing at 9 l/min, which is 83.1 % higher when compared to De-ionised Water.

A Review on Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Heat Exchanger

Compact heat exchanger is commonly used in car radiators which is normally small with low flowrate. To produce a large surface area, thin plates or corrugated fins are attached closely separating the two fluids. Compact heat exchanger is normally used in applications where weight and volume are the significant factors for the enhancement of heat transfer. This paper reviews the research related to the characteristics, advantages and findings on various type of compact heat exchanger. It is found that the geometric parameters such as fin shape, tube shape, fin pitch, tube pitch, tube arrangement, tube angle and vortex generators affect the heat transfer performance in general. The air inlet angle of 45° and common flow upstream gives the optimum heat enhancement in most studies while the most suitable air flow is between 1.8 – 3.8 m/s.

NUMERICAL MODELLING OF RADIATOR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE UNDER BAUCHI CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

The cooling system of the car plays a crucial role in managing the excess heat generated by the engine during its operation. Among its components, the radiator is pivotal for efficiently dissipating heat. However, the effectiveness of a radiator is influenced by various factors, including external conditions such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, and wind speed. This research aimed to understand the impact of Bauchi climatic conditions on automotive radiators. A comprehensive approach was employed, utilizing reverse engineering techniques to create a detailed model of a car radiator using SolidWorks, a computer-aided design (CAD) software. This model underwent simulations using ANSYS software with water as the coolant fluid. Environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed data for Bauchi North and Bauchi South were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet). The simulation timeframe spanned from January to December. The study shows the effects of environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed on radiator performance. The highest outlet temperature recorded was 43.50°C at a flow rate of 2500 kg/h in April, and the lowest outlet temperature was 40.01°C at a flow rate of 500 kg/h in Bauchi North. For Bauchi South, the highest outlet temperature was 40.98°C at a flow rate of 2500 kg/h in April, and the lowest was 37.12°C at a flow rate of 500 kg/h. This study highlights the pivotal role of Bauchi's atmospheric conditions in influencing radiator performance, emphasizing the interplay between environmental factors and engineering design in automotive cooling systems.

Analysis and Characterization of Coconut Shell Particulates Filled HDPE Composites

Abstract: This project mainly focuses on evaluating the mechanical property of composite material that consist of High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and Coconut shell powder (CS). The matrix material is High-density polyethylene (HDPE), and reinforcement is Coconut Shell (CS) particles were created with varying weight percentages (0, 10, 20 and 30wt. percent) using the injection molding process and were tested for strength. The elemental compositions of HDPE/CS new composites were investigated mechanical characterization and FEA software analysis. The varies wt. % such that (0,10,20, and 30 wt%) CS particulates-filled HDPE composite revealed the maximum compressive strength, Shore A hardness, Tensile test, Flexural test was founded. Then the Catia V5 software FEA structural analysis test was conducted such that structural analysis and thermal analysis. The HDPE/CS composites would be utilized for applications requiring low strength rack and pinion gear, light weight, electrical insulating component, home appliances, automobile interior parts, low power transmission spur gears, automobile brake fluid reservoir, automobile radiator water storage tank

Impact of Navier’s Slip and MHD on a Hybrid Nanofluid Flow over a Porous Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Heat Transfer

The main objective of this study is to explore the inventive conception of the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a hybrid nanofluid over-porous stretching/shrinking sheet with the effect of radiation and mass suction/injection. The hybrid nanofluid advances both the manufactured nanofluid of the current region and the base fluid. For the current investigation, hybrid nanofluids comprising two different kinds of nanoparticles, aluminium oxide and ferrofluid, contained in water as a base fluid, are considered. A collection of highly nonlinear partial differential equations is used to model the whole physical problem. These equations are then transformed into highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations using an appropriate similarity technique. The transformed differential equations are nonlinear, and thus it is difficult to analytically solve considering temperature increases. Then, the outcome is described in incomplete gamma function form. The considered physical parameters namely, magnetic field, Inverse Darcy number, velocity slip, suction/injection, temperature jump effects on velocity, temperature, skin friction and Nusselt number profiles are reviewed using plots. The results reveal that magnetic field, and Inverse Darcy number values increase as the momentum boundary layer decreases. Moreover, higher values of heat sources and thermal radiation enhance the thermal boundary layer. The present problem has various applications in manufacturing and technological devices such as cooling systems, condensers, microelectronics, digital cooling, car radiators, nuclear power stations, nano-drag shipments, automobile production, and tumour treatments.

Effect of the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of cooling system

Effect of the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of cooling system

Experimental investigation of air jet impingement cooling in car radiator with hollow cone nozzle plate spacing using nanofluids

Experimental investigation of air jet impingement cooling in car radiator with hollow cone nozzle plate spacing using nanofluids

Convective heat transfer by nanofluid jet impingement cooling on automobile radiator with nozzle plate spacing

Nanofluids are a type of emerging heat transfer fluid with great promise for thermal engineering due to its high heat transfer coefficients. Improving heat transmission remains an ongoing task in engineering fields as diverse as semiconductor technology and high-performance vehicles. This paper investigates and compares the jet impact heat transfer coefficient, thermal conductivity, and viscosity of nanofluids with those of a base fluid in an automobile radiator with nozzle plate spacing. Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and deionised water were selected as the working fluids, and they were used in varying quantities ranging from 0 to 1 volume percent. The nanofluids were prepared using a two-step method with the aid of an ultrasonic homogeniser. The results reveal that the heat transfer coefficient increased by 11.68% at a nanofluid concentration of 1% when nanoparticles were suspended in the base fluid. Furthermore, a 45-49% improvement in the heat transfer coefficient was recorded using a nanoparticle volume concentration of 1% compared to the base fluid.

Comparison of experimental results with numerical simulation of thermal performance in car radiator using MWCNT/EG/water nanofluid

Comparison of experimental results with numerical simulation of thermal performance in car radiator using MWCNT/EG/water nanofluid

Purification and investigation of bio-glycerol as heat transfer fluid and as coolant in automobile radiators

Glycerol is a key by product of the biodiesel extraction process. The rapid growth of biodiesel establishments will continue to result in glycerol oversupply. Purified glycerol can be used as an antifreeze in automotive radiators since it has a freezing point of −30 °C and a boiling temperature of 160 °C. Heat transfer by automotive radiators is important in optimizing engine fuel economy. The goal of this research is to employ purified bio glycerol as a heat transfer fluid and a coolant in vehicle radiators. The proposed water mixed bio glycerol convective heat transfer rate is experimentally compared to standard ethylene glycol. The rate of heat transfer by bio glycerol is determined by passing the fluid through an automobile radiator test apparatus. For this objective, an Automobile Radiator test rig is devised and built. Experiments with distilled water blended bio-glycerol in volume ratios of 50:50, 70:30, and 60:40 were carried out, and the test findings revealed that the 70:30 water bio glycerol volume ratio created a higher heat transfer rate when compared to the water ethylene glycol mixture.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Latent Heat Recovery Employed with Teg Module and Waste Heat Recovery from Automobile Radiator

Abstract: Providing good and best solutions to everyday problems varies day by day with the evolving technologies. The solution pertaining to the problemsassociated with the exhaust gases from the automobile or other such equipment‘s revolves around only on the ways of reducing the pollution. Many designs and developments are also made in terms of alternative energies at low cost. One such ideology is to recover and reuse the energy that is exhibited out in the form of liquid or heat. Waste heat recovery will be a new energy source. Thermal fluid flow heat recovery system fromAutomobile radiator with internal and external tubes is one such option While most of the state of art papers considers only the waste heat as energy source, this thesis discusses the usage of phase changing materials in the external fluid flow tubes in heating and cooling paths. Both the static and dynamic nature of the energy is used in the work.

Experimental Investigation for Enhancement of Heat Transfer Coefficient in Car Radiator by Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Nanofluid

Improving heat transfer coefficient is a significant subject of study in many engineering domains. The use of nanofluids in car radiators might boost the heat transfer coefficient. The current study investigates a car's radiator's heat transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity. The heat transmission parameters of a car radiator were analyzed for coolant mass flow rates ranging from 600 to 1200 liters/hour and nanofluid concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 0.8% by volume. The primary coolant was prepared by combining water and ethylene glycol in a 60:40% combination with multi-walled carbon nanotube nanoparticles. The coolant's input temperatures were varied between 30 °C and 80 °C by impinging an air jet into the car radiator through a hallow cone nozzle plate with and without spacing. The result demonstrates that the volume flow rate of coolant on the tube side increases considerably as the heat transfer coefficient increases. At a nanoparticle concentration of 0.8 vol. %, the nanofluid's total heat transfer coefficient is enhanced by 12% compared with the base fluid. The heat transfer coefficient is improved by 42.6% for 0.8% volume of MWNCT nanofluid without spacing of the hallow cone nozzle plate and by 51.9% with spacing of the hallow cone nozzle plate.