Automatic Transfer Research Articles

Simultaneous optical tracking of multiple targets in a field of view greater than 20°.

A multi-target tracking system using a self-starting optical phase conjugator was developed in this study. This system generates phase conjugate light (PCL) in a Nd:YAG resonator. Accurate tracking capability with a beam wander of 120 μrad and constant PCL generation were confirmed over a field of view greater than 20°. This field of view was expanded by means of collector optics positioned in front of the phase conjugator. The developed scheme enables automatic and simultaneous optical energy transfer to multiple distant targets by utilizing the unique properties of optical phase conjugation of automatic target tracking and pointing.

Construction and Operation of an Electronic Automatic Transfer Switch (Ats)

The inconsistency of power supply in Nigeria has been a major stumbling block to the advancement of her economy and as such it is an issue that requires immediate attention. Uninterrupted power supply is critical in so many applications especially in cases like hospital operations or financial transactions. This work was born out of the need to provide a cost effective and locally available way to automate the switching between various power sources. This issue can be addressed by implementing an Automatic transfer switch which automatically switches on a backup generator in the absence of the utility supply and transfers the load to the generator. The automatic transfer switch also switches off the backup generator and connects back to the utility supply when the power comes back. The circuitry consists of time delay integrated circuits and switching relays. The present effort is a prototype design to create an automatic transfer switch that can be used in an average Nigerian household because of its affordability and simplicity of operation.

Construction and Operation of an Electronic Automatic Transfer Switch (Ats)

The inconsistency of power supply in Nigeria has been a major stumbling block to the advancement of her economy and as such it is an issue that requires immediate attention. Uninterrupted power supply is critical in so many applications especially in cases like hospital operations or financial transactions. This work was born out of the need to provide a cost effective and locally available way to automate the switching between various power sources. This issue can be addressed by implementing an Automatic transfer switch which automatically switches on a backup generator in the absence of the utility supply and transfers the load to the generator. The automatic transfer switch also switches off the backup generator and connects back to the utility supply when the power comes back. The circuitry consists of time delay integrated circuits and switching relays. The present effort is a prototype design to create an automatic transfer switch that can be used in an average Nigerian household because of its affordability and simplicity of operation.

Experimental Verification Of Selected Risk Factors Disrupting eCall System Function

Abstract Due to the still increasing requirements of the European Union on motor vehicles safety standards, its manufacturers are forced to adapting, developing and implementing new design features increasing level of passive protection of passengers as well as implementing systems affecting active protection level. Both of these kinds of protection help to reduce the severity of subsequent damage to passegners during an accident or to prevent the accident occurance, but do not help to shorten the time span between this accident occurance and arrival of the rescue service. This function provides an emergency call system, which is capable of immediate automatic transfer of information about the accident via GSM network to the emergency call center. This transfer, unfortunately, could be disrupted by certain risk factors, which are experimentally evaluated in the article.

Probability assessment of mechanical trimming using hot half-trimming in hot stamping process

The objective of this study is to investigate the probability of mechanical trimming using hot half-trimming in actual hot stamping process. Hot half-trimmed part can be inaccurately positioned on mechanical trimming die by relatively low accuracy of automatic transferring system or manual way, leading to the change of clearance in mechanical trimming. Taking into account this position error, a suitable operation window for trimming of flat and inclined part was constructed by FE-simulation and then was verified by experiment. It was determined from the operation window that effective mechanical trimming for both flat and inclined part can be performed successfully with hot half-trimming depth of 1.0 mm in hot half-trimming and clearance between 0.1 mm and 0.124 mm in subsequent mechanical trimming, without regard to position error.

A novel islanding detection method for microgrids based on variable impedance insertion

Islanding is the situation in which part of the power grid, consisting of load and distributed generation (DG) is isolated from the utility grid remaining active, i.e. serving load. The idea of islanding parts of the distribution network in case of faults, in order to increase the consumer quality of service, is the basic notion behind the formation of Microgrids. In the context of Microgrids, it becomes necessary to distinguish between intended islanding e.g. due to maintenance and unintended islanding due to faults at the upstream grid. When the emergency situation ceases, the Microgrid should reconnect seamlessly to the upper grid.In this paper, an islanding detection method (IDM) is proposed that is based on the insertion of a suitable, variable impedance at the low voltage side of the Grid. Islanding detection is effected by an intelligent agent embedded into the Microgrid's Central switch, which is transformed to a hybrid automatic transfer switch (HATS). The HATS agent detects the operation mode of the Microgrid based on local measurements and supervises the grid status. Both simulation studies and hardware laboratory tests are presented showing the performance and feasibility of the proposed method.

A Mobile Health Intervention for Self-Management and Lifestyle Change for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes, Part 2: One-Year Results From the Norwegian Randomized Controlled Trial RENEWING HEALTH.

BackgroundSelf-management is crucial in the daily management of type 2 diabetes. It has been suggested that mHealth may be an important method for enhancing self-management when delivered in combination with health counseling.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test whether the use of a mobile phone–based self-management system used for 1 year, with or without telephone health counseling by a diabetes specialist nurse for the first 4 months, could improve glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, self-management, and health-related quality of life compared with usual care.MethodsWe conducted a 3-arm prospective randomized controlled trial involving 2 intervention groups and 1 control group. Eligible participants were persons with type 2 diabetes with an HbA1c level ≥7.1% (≥54.1 mmol/mol) and aged ≥18 years. Both intervention groups received the mobile phone–based self-management system Few Touch Application (FTA). The FTA consisted of a blood glucose–measuring system with automatic wireless data transfer, diet manual, physical activity registration, and management of personal goals, all recorded and operated using a diabetes diary app on the mobile phone. In addition, one intervention group received health counseling based on behavior change theory and delivered by a diabetes specialist nurse for the first 4 months after randomization. All groups received usual care by their general practitioner. The primary outcome was HbA1c level. Secondary outcomes were self-management (heiQ), health-related quality of life (SF-36), depressive symptoms (CES-D), and lifestyle changes (dietary habits and physical activity). Data were analyzed using univariate methods (t test, ANOVA) and multivariate linear and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 151 participants were randomized: 51 to the FTA group, 50 to the FTA-health counseling (FTA-HC) group, and 50 to the control group. Follow-up data after 1 year were available for 120 participants (79%). HbA1c level decreased in all groups, but did not differ between groups after 1 year. The mean change in the heiQ domain skills and technique acquisition was significantly greater in the FTA-HC group after adjusting for age, gender, and education (P=.04). Other secondary outcomes did not differ between groups after 1 year. In the FTA group, 39% were substantial users of the app; 34% of the FTA-HC group were substantial users. Those aged ≥63 years used the app more than their younger counterparts did (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.02-7.12; P=.045).ConclusionsThe change in HbA1c level did not differ between groups after the 1-year intervention. Secondary outcomes did not differ between groups except for an increase in the self-management domain of skill and technique acquisition in the FTA-HC group. Older participants used the app more than the younger participants did.

Partial Shape Matching Using Transformation Parameter Similarity

AbstractIn this paper, we present a method for non‐rigid, partial shape matching in vector graphics. Given a user‐specified query region in a 2D shape, similar regions are found, even if they are non‐linearly distorted. Furthermore, a non‐linear mapping is established between the query regions and these matches, which allows the automatic transfer of editing operations such as texturing. This is achieved by a two‐step approach. First, pointwise correspondences between the query region and the whole shape are established. The transformation parameters of these correspondences are registered in an appropriate transformation space. For transformations between similar regions, these parameters form surfaces in transformation space, which are extracted in the second step of our method. The extracted regions may be related to the query region by a non‐rigid transform, enabling non‐rigid shape matching.

Out of Step and Out of Touch: Queensland's 2014 Youth Justice Amendments

Early in 2014, Queensland significantly transformed its Youth Justice Act 1992 (Qld). The amendments included removing the principle that detention should be a last resort, providing for the automatic transfer of 17-year-olds in detention to adult correctional facilities and a mandatory boot camp order for recidivist motor vehicle offenders in Townsville. This article demonstrates that these amendments are out of step with other Australian jurisdictions, conflict with international obligations and are out of touch with the evidence as to best practice in youth justice.

Design and Analysis of Transfer System in LED Auto-Insertion Machine

With the application of LED display, traditional manual insertion is unable to meet market demand. LED auto-insert machine solve the problems in manual insertion, such as workforce shortage, low efficiency, high error rate and so on. Based on depth study of LED insertion technology, a new automatic transfer system have been successfully developed in this project, which solve the problems of auto-sorting, polarity detecting, rotation adjusting and position adjusting. Compared with the existing transfer system, the new auto-transfer system improve the system accuracy and reliability, reduce the cost of research, and realize automatic transmission with high speed and high precision.

TRUST BASED AUTOMATIC QUERY FORMULATION SEARCH ON EXPERT AND KNOWLEDGE USERS SYSTEMS

Due to enhance in complexity of services, there is a necessity for dynamic interaction models. For a service-oriented system to work properly, we need a context-sensitive trust based search. Automatic information transfer is also deficient when unexpected query is given. However, it shows that search engines are vulnerable in answering intellectual queries and shows an unreliable outcome. The user cannot have a fulfillment with these results due to lack of trusts on blogs. In our modified trust algorithm, which process exact skill matching and retrieval of information based on proper content rank. Our contribution to this system is new modified trust algorithm with automatic formulation of meaningful query search to retrieve the exact contents from the top-ranked documents based on the expert rank and their content quality verified of their resources provided. Some semantic search engines cannot show their important performance in improving precision and lowering recall. It hence effectively reduces complexity in combining HPS and software services.

Grid to Standalone Transition Motion-Sensorless Dual-Inverter Control of PMSG With Asymmetrical Grid Voltage Sags and Harmonics Filtering

This paper describes a variable-speed motion-sensorless control system for permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) connected to grid via back-to-back inverters for wind energy generation. The grid-side inverter control system employs proportional-integral (PI) current controllers with cross-coupling decoupling and line-voltage feedforward disturbance compensation. Also, a D-module filter is used to robustly extract the line voltage positive sequence followed by a phase-locked-loop (PLL) based observer to estimate the positive-sequence angle for control, including the case of asymmetric voltages and automatic seamless transfer method from grid connected to stand alone and vice versa. In stand-alone mode, a voltage control scheme with selective harmonic compensation is employed. The PMSG motion-sensorless control system uses an active power controller and a PLL-based observer to estimate the rotor position and speed without using the electromotive force (EMF) integration and initial rotor position. The paper investigates and validates the ride-through performance of this proposed system during asymmetric power grid-voltage sags, transition from grid connected to stand alone and vice versa and voltage harmonics compensation. While some of the aforementioned issues have been treated rather individually in previous conference publications of the authors, the present paper integrates them into a comprehensive control system of PMSG.

AutoStyle: Automatic Style Transfer from Image Collections to Users' Images

AbstractStylizing photos, to give them an antique or artistic look, has become popular in recent years. The available stylization filters, however, are usually created manually by artists, resulting in a narrow set of choices. Moreover, it can be difficult for the user to select a desired filter, since the filters’ names often do not convey their functions. We investigate an approach to photo filtering in which the user provides one or more keywords, and the desired style is defined by the set of images returned by searching the web for those keywords. Our method clusters the returned images, allows the user to select a cluster, then stylizes the user's photos by transferring vignetting, color, and local contrast from that cluster. This approach vastly expands the range of available styles, and gives each filter a meaningful name by default. We demonstrate that our method is able to robustly transfer a wide range of styles from image collections to users’ photos.

Sharing Social Touch in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex

Touch has an emotional and communicative meaning, and it plays a crucial role in social perception and empathy. The intuitive link between others' somatosensations and our sense of touch becomes ostensible in mirror-touch synesthesia, a condition in which the view of a touch on another person's body elicits conscious tactile sensations on the observer's own body [1]. This peculiar phenomenon may implicate normal social mirror mechanisms [2]. Here, we show that mirror-touch interference effects, synesthesia-like sensations, and even phantom touches can be induced in nonsynesthetes by priming the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) directly or indirectly via the posterior parietal cortex. These results were obtained by means of facilitatory paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (ppTMS) contingent upon the observation of touch. For these vicarious effects, the SI is engaged at 150 ms from the onset of the visual touch. Intriguingly, individual differences in empathic abilities, assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index [3], drive the activity of the SI when nonsynesthetes witness others' tactile sensations. This evidence implies that, under normal conditions, touch observation activates the SI below the threshold for perceptual awareness [4]; through the visual-dependent tuning of SI activity by ppTMS, what is seen becomes felt, namely, mirror-touch synesthesia. On a broader perspective, the visual responsivity of the SI may allow an automatic and unconscious transference of the sensation that another person is experiencing onto oneself, and, in turn, the empathic sharing of somatosensations [2].

Karst show caves – how DTN technology as used in space assists automatic environmental monitoring and tourist protection – experiment in Postojna Cave

Abstract. The paper presents an experiment demonstrating a novel and successful application of delay- and disruption-tolerant networking (DTN) technology for automatic data transfer in a karst cave early warning and measuring system. The experiment took place inside the Postojna Cave in Slovenia, which is open to tourists. Several automatic meteorological measuring stations are set up inside the cave, as an adjunct to the surveillance infrastructure; the regular data transfer provided by the DTN technology allows the surveillance system to take on the role of an early warning system (EWS). One of the stations is set up alongside the railway tracks, which allows the tourist to travel inside the cave by train. The experiment was carried out by placing a DTN "data mule" (a DTN-enabled computer with WiFi connection) on the train and by upgrading the meteorological station with a DTN-enabled WiFi transmission system. When the data mule is in the wireless drive-by mode, it collects measurement data from the station over a period of several seconds as the train without stopping passes the stationary equipment, and delivers data at the final train station by the cave entrance. This paper describes an overview of the experimental equipment and organization allowing the use of a DTN system for data collection and an EWS inside karst caves where there is regular traffic of tourists and researchers.

Fasteners State Detection System Based on Wireless Data Transfer Module

The safety requirements demanded from rail traffic have risen above all in view of the rapid development of modern high-speed trains. Railway fastener is the important part of rail line. The normal state of the fastener is the guarantee of the rail transportation security. The missing or broken fastener may be the tremendous threaten to the security, or even cause the serious traffic accidents. This paper presents a new fully automatic and configurable wireless data transfer system able to detect the absence of the fastening bolts that fix the rails to the sleepers. The systems guarantee a high accurate detection for the missing or broken fastening elements in combination with the strain measurement of the rubber pad under rail.

In the Line of Fire: Political Violence and Decentralization in Colombia

Policies aimed at increasing the resources and administrative responsibilities of subnational governments are often proposed as a conflict resolution strategy. This paper explores a particular threat to the effectiveness of decentralizing reforms in war-torn countries, namely the capture of local governments by non-state armed actors. These groups are reliant on rents and may increase their violence against local authorities in an attempt to capture local governments in a decentralized system. This relationship between decentralization and conflict is explored using subnational-level data from Colombia during the 1990s, when local fiscal capacity greatly expanded. I exploit a key reform to identify the effect of automatic transfers from the center on conflict casualties. The evidence shows that fiscal transfers are associated with higher murder rates of local authorities and politicians. Moreover, this effect is conditional on the state capacity of localities. These results are robust and consistent with the rent-seeking strategy of paramilitaries and guerrillas during the period.

A SUPERFLUOUS WRONG NAME FOR THE "LANGSAT" (LANSIUM AQAEUM MIQ.)

In the Indian Forester 100(2): 202. Mar. 1974, K.A. Salm and S.R.R. Bennet published an automatic transfer (without having seen the type material) of Melia parasitica Osbeck (Dagbock Ostind. Resa 278. 1751; ed. german. 1765; ed. angl. 1771) to Lansium parasiticum (Osb.) Salm & Bennet, apparently influenced by Merril's suggestion (in J. Arnold Arb. 3:528. 1916 and 33: 229. 1952), who referred it to Lansium domesticum.

Using GOOSE Messages in a Main–Tie–Main Scheme

Main-tie-main (MTM) transfer schemes increase reliability in a power system by switching a load bus to a secondary power source when power interruption occurs on the primary source. Traditionally, the large number of physical I/O lines required makes MTM schemes expensive to design and implement. Using Ethernet-based IEC 61850, these hardwired I/O lines can be removed and replaced with generic object-oriented substation event (GOOSE) messages. Adjustment of the scheme for optimal performance is done via software that saves redesign and rewiring times. Special attention is paid to change-of-state GOOSE only; no analog GOOSE messages are used, making the scheme fast and easy to configure, maintain, and troubleshoot. Applications such as fast motor-bus transfer are discussed with synchronization remaining at each breaker relay. Simulation test results recorded GOOSE message latencies on a system configured for an MTM scheme. This paper presents the details of open and closed manual and automatic transfers.

End-to-End Message Exchange in a Deployable Marine Environment Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Network

We present a pragmatic view of different approaches used to guarantee data delivery in a deployable marine habitat monitoring system, composed of a two-tier dual frequency (2.4 GHz/900 MHz) hierarchical wireless sensor network (WSN). We cover end-to-end application layer aspects. At the lower tier, we preconfigured endpoint (EP) transceivers for automatic data acquisition and wireless transfer using their native Application Program Interface (API) framework. These endpoints communicate with a more powerful intermediate cluster-head (CLH) system. At the upper tier, we deployed a modified low level 8-bit “Lighter” version of the well-known web application protocol called JavaScript Object Notation (JSON, or in our case LJSON) for back and forth CLH to BS validated message exchange. These LJSON messages are converted by the BS to 16-bit JSON and vice versa, for remote Internet interaction. And finally, the BS software establishes Internet Protocol (IP) client socket connections with a remote custom JSON service, in charge of marine habitat sensor data reception, verification, and nonvolatile database storage.