Automated Guideway Transit Research Articles

Providing Priority to Public Transit in the Absence of Dedicated Lanes: An Exploratory Experiment on the Automated Guideway Transit System

Providing Priority to Public Transit in the Absence of Dedicated Lanes: An Exploratory Experiment on the Automated Guideway Transit System

Comparison of Travel Load between Automated Guideway Transit and Buses in Urban Areas

Comparison of Travel Load between Automated Guideway Transit and Buses in Urban Areas

The Hybrid Metro: The Brown Line of the Taipei Metro and Technological Hybridity

The Taipei City Government launched project of automated guideway transit system in the 1980s caused a conflict with the central government's metro project. This conflict drew the intervention of the US government, who invited American transportation consultants to integrate the two transit systems into one. The Brown Line became the only automated metro line of the Taipei Metro. Although the US government had hoped an American company would be the system provider for the Brown Line, Matra’s VAL256 won the contract. However, the VAL256 experienced fire and tire explosion accidents, leading to conflicts between Matra and the Taipei City Government. Matra withdrew all its technical supports to pressure Taipei to pay the down payment. Nonetheless, Taiwanese technical officials and engineers modified the system with flexible strategies making the Brown Line work smoothly without Matra’s technical support. Later, The Taiwanese technical officials invited Bombardier to provide its CITYFLO system and integrated it with the modified VAL256 into one system, avoiding paying a high price to Matra for the extension of the Brown Line. How the Brown Line became a hybrid metro system shows how technological hybridity can change the power relationship between technologically advanced countries such as France and “catching-up countries” such as Taiwan.

Safe Operations at Roadway Junctions - Design Principles from Automated Guideway Transit

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper describes a system-level view of a fully automated transit system comprising a fleet of automated vehicles (AVs) in driverless operation, each with an SAE level 4 Automated Driving System, along with its related safety infrastructure and other system equipment. This AV system-level control is compared to the automatic train control system used in automated guideway transit technology, particularly that of communications-based train control (CBTC). Drawing from the safety principles, analysis methods, and risk assessments of CBTC systems, comparable functional subsystem definitions are proposed for AV fleets in driverless operation. With the prospect of multiple AV fleets operating within a single automated mobility district, the criticality of protecting roadway junctions requires an approach like that of automated fixed-guideway transit systems, in which a guideway switch zone “interlocking” at each junction location deconflicts railway traffic, affirming safe passage. The analogous AV protection safety subsystem is defined as fail-safe equipment that monitors roadway intersections and junctions, communicates traffic signal status, perceives and communicates alerts and signals to AV connected vehicles concerning potential unsafe conditions, and performs related primary safety functions. Conclusions are drawn that the AV protection roadway intersection functions must be performed by local roadside equipment dedicated to protecting each roadway intersection and junction. Further, it is concluded that the communications technology connecting the infrastructure with the vehicle to perform this vital, fail-safe protection should meet specific functional and performance criteria.</div></div>

Contingent Valuation of Automated Guideway Transit in Baguio, Philippines

This contingent valuation study estimated the willingness to pay of the commuters for the proposed Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) in Baguio City, the Philippines. This value was used to determine the AGT's financial feasibility. This study utilized the Internet together with the use of face-to-face interviewing to elicit the responses and experiences of the commuters. Both the measure (Willingness to Pay) and the method (Contingent Valuation) employed in the study are subject to criticisms, yet the literature review shows that the measure and the method in this study are valid and reliable. It was found out that 77% of the respondents are willing to pay and that the computed mean WTP value is PhP 22.50 (roughly USD 0.45).

2P04 A study of unattended light rail rubber tire vehicle (K-AGT) system engineering process under Safety Requirement, IEC 62267(Shotgun Session)

In this study, K-AGT(Korea Automated Guide-way Transit) is a general purpose standards safety requirements of IEC 62267 based System Engineering Process (SEP) was used. Functional analysis and physical architecting for each requirements through the vehicle was classified into sub-systems, design was analyzed in terms of SE. The analysis of the proposed system engineering process, unattended train operation (UTO), driverless train operation(DTO) design of the safety measures to be used as the basis is studied. And all new routes or routes to reconfigure the system from the design step by applying the safety factor suggests that the safety measures that can provide excellent system.

アクティブ操舵による新交通車両の運動制御に関する研究 : 曲線通過性能に関する検討(車両の運動と制御(2),OS2 交通・物流機械のダイナミクス(振動,制御を含む))

This paper describes design of active steering system for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) vehicles. The modeling of the AGT vehicles with active steering system is carried out first. The constructed vehicle model includes lateral transition, roll and yaw motion for vehicle body, front bogie and rear bogie, respectively. The dynamics of actuator that produce the steering torque is also considered. Optimal regulator control theory is used to design the controller for the active steering system. Curving performance of AGT vehicle with active steering system is evaluated by simulation. Simulation results show that the active steering system is effective in curving performance.

マルチボディダイナミクスを用いた新交通車両の走行安全性の検討(J24-1 交通機械のダイナミクス,J24 交通機械のダイナミクス)

マルチボディダイナミクスを用いた新交通車両の走行安全性の検討(J24-1 交通機械のダイナミクス,J24 交通機械のダイナミクス)

高架軌道上における地震時の新交通車両の挙動解析(車両の運動と制御(2),OS2 交通・物流機械のダイナミクス(振動,制御を含む))

高架軌道上における地震時の新交通車両の挙動解析(車両の運動と制御(2),OS2 交通・物流機械のダイナミクス(振動,制御を含む))

역공학 및 재공학 시스템엔지니어링 프로세스 적용을 통한 무인열차자동제어시스템 개발

The automatic train control (ATC) system development project for the Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) system has high technical risk because the system is unmanned train control system using wireless technology which was unprecedented in train control industry of Korea. To overcome the technical risk during concept design phase of the ATC system development project, the integrated product team(IPT) carried out a reverse and reengineering process using a systems engineering design model. The generic systems engineering process is incorporated in the both reverse and reengineering process. As a result of the systems engineering effort, the IPT has built top layer systems engineering design model of the ATC subsystem. The purpose of this paper is to deliver the reverse and reengineering process which was used to develop the systems engineering design model of ATC system using a computer aided systems engineering tool. This study also shows that the model based reverse and reengineering process can reduce the technical risk by identifying the differences of requirement, functional and physical architecture between a reference system and a target system.

Dynamics of Automated Guideway Transit Vehicle with Single-axle Bogies

Summary The steering type of a mechanical guidance system has been used for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) system in Japan. Recently, the single-axle bogie system has developed for AGT vehicle and applied to Yurikamome 7200 type vehicle. This paper describes dynamic characteristics of AGT vehicle with single-axle bogies. Introducing a nonlinear, 15 degree-of-freedom dynamic model, a computer simulation study on the lateral motion of the AGT vehicle with single-axle bogies are carried out. In order to show the dynamic characteristics of the single-axle bogie clearly, it is compared to that of the AGT vehicle with conventional steering system. The simulation study with actual vehicle parameters shows that single-axle bogie has suitable characteristics for AGT system. The multi-body dynamics modeler, DADS, is used to build the dynamic model of AGT vehicle with single-axle bogies and this is used to demonstrate the vehicle motion in actual guideway. Obtained results are compared to that of the field test. It is shown that the vehicle dynamic response can be obtained in realistic situation by using multibody dynamics code, that is useful for designing both vehicle and guideway.

3039 地震時における新交通車両の挙動解析 : 転倒危険性に関する検討

The steering type of a mechanical guidance system has been used for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) system in Japan. Recently, the single-axle bogie system has developed for AGT vehicle and applied to Yurikamome 7200 series. This paper describes dynamic characteristics of AGT vehicle with single-axle bogie system under earthquake. By using 13 degree-of-freeedom dynamics models and multibody dynamics models, a computer simulation in case of earthquake is carried out. By the result obtained from computer simulation, characteristics of the AGT vehicle in case of an earthquake was clarified.

Dynamic Analysis of Automated Guideway Transit Vehicle by Multibody Dynamic System

Dynamic Analysis of Automated Guideway Transit Vehicle by Multibody Dynamic System

노면 요철을 고려한 AGT 차량의 동적 응답 해석

The equations of motion for an automated guide-way transit(AGT) system running on a path with roughness have been derived to investigate dynamic responses and wheel loads of moving vehicles of the AGT system. A vehicle of the AGT system is idealized as three-dimensional model with 11 degree-of-freedom. The computer program is developed to solve the dynamic equations, and anlatical results are verified by comparing the results with experimental oness. Parametric studies are carried out to investigate the dynamic responses of an AGT vehicle according to vehicle speeds, surface roughness, damping and stiffness of suspension systems. The parametric study demonstrates that amplitudes of dynamic responses and the wheel loads have a tendency to increase according to travel speeds, the stiffness of suspension system and surface roughness. On the other hand. those amplitudes tend to decrease according to increase of damping of the suspension system.

2105 アクティブサスペンションによる新交通車両の乗り心地向上に関する研究 : 軌道不整量の緩和に関する一検討

This paper describes design of active suspension system for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) vehicles. The modeling of the AGT vehicles with single axle bogies is carried out first. The constructed vehicle model includes lateral transition, roll and yaw motion for vehicle body, front bogie and rear bogie, respectively. The dynamics of two kinds of actuators that produce lateral force is also considered. H-inf control theory is used to design the controller for the active suspension, which has the advantage on designing frequency dependant controller and on the robustness of the controller. The designed controller is evaluated in simulation study with constructed nonlinear AGT vehicle model from the view points of improving the quality. And it is shown that large lateral irregularity can be accepted when the active suspension applied.

2102 新交通車両の運動と制御に関する研究

The steering type of a mechanical guidance system has been used for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) system in Japan. Receutly, the single-axle bogie system has developed for aGT vehicle and applied to Yurikamome 7200 series. This paper describes dynamic characteristic of AGT vehicle with single-axle bogie system and steering system. By using 13 degree-of-freedom dynamic models, a computer simulation about earthquake is carried out. The result obtained from the computer simulation show that steering system cause increase in lateral acceleration and single-axle bogie system cause increase in guide-wheel force.

612 新交通車両におけるアクティブサスペンションの有効性に関する検討

This paper describes design of active suspension system for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) vehicles. The modeling of the AGT vehicles with single axle bogies is carried out first. The constructed vehicle model includes lateral transition, roll and yaw motion for vehicle body, front bogie and rear bogie, respectively. The dynamics of two kinds of actuators that produce lateral force is also considered. H-inf control theory is used to design the controller for the active suspension, which has the advantage on designing frequency dependant controller and on the robustness of the controller. The designed controller is evaluated in simulation study with constructed nonlinear AGT vehicle model from the view points of improving the quality.

2104 地震時における新交通車両の挙動解析

2104 地震時における新交通車両の挙動解析

Dynamics of AGT Vehicle with Single-Axle Bogies. 1st Report. Basic Characteristics of Vehicle.

The steering type of a mechanical guidance system has been used for Automated Guideway Transit (AGT) system in Japan. Recently, the single-axle bogie system has developed for AGT vehicle and applied to Yurikamome 7200 series. This paper describes dynamic characteristics of AGT vehicle with single-axle bogies. Introducinganonlinear, 15 degree-of-freedom dynamic model, a computer simulation study on the lateral motion of the AGT vehicle with single-axle bogies are carried out. In order to show the dynamic characteristics of the single-axle bogie clearly, it is compared to that of the AGT vehicle with conventional steering system. The simulation study with actual vehicle parameters shows that single-axle bogie has suitable characteristics for AGT system.

Capital Costs and Ridership Estimates of Personal Rapid Transit

Preparing capital cost estimates for new transit technologies requires refining and refitting traditional estimation tools. The personal rapid transit (PRT) system project in Rosemont, Illinois—a suburb of Chicago near O’Hare International Airport—required (1) the development of estimates of PRT capital costs, (2) establishment of a reasonable cost range for the PRT system, and (3) an order-of-magnitude evaluation of existing cost projections. A method was developed to compare PRT system components (versus the entire system) with the components of existing automated-guideway transit (AGT) and automated people mover (APM) systems in North America. Seven components of the PRT, AGT and APM systems were examined—(1) guideways; (2) stations; (3) maintenance and control facilities; (4) power and utility systems; (5) vehicles; (6) command, control, and communications systems; and (7) engineering and project management. Three analysis techniques were used—(1) statistically significant regression analysis; (2) measurement of a central tendency for “comparable” systems; and (3) statistics from all AGT systems. The results show that the combination of the three techniques worked well for component-level studies and show promise for use in other cost analyses involving new technologies or application of existing technologies on a scale outside the bounds of previous experience. In addition to the cost study, a PRT ridership forecasting approach and projections were evaluated, providing another key element of decision support for potential PRT deployment in Rosemont.