Authority Of Supervisors Research Articles

Mobilising resilience to symbolic violence with Chinese international research students in Australia: a Bourdieusian perspective

ABSTRACT Psychological studies on international research students’ resilience to mental distress have attracted much scholarly attention. Yet, sociological inquiries into resilience to ‘invisible’ pressures such as power imbalances remain limited. Drawing insights from Bourdieu’s relational sociology, we recast the psychology of resilience to adversities into a sociology of resilience to symbolic violence. To delve into the latter, we surveyed 220 Chinese international Higher Degree by Research (HDR) students across Australian universities using a self-designed instrument and analysed the data through Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Findings revealed that Chinese international HDR students were drawn into a space of forces fraught with the symbolic violence of supervisor authority, English hegemony, and neoliberalism; yet, simultaneously, they ventured into a space of struggles with such forms of symbolic violence by virtue of their agency and reflexivity as well as peer and supervisor empowerment. Such resilience practice was complicated by their capital portfolio and habitual dispositions, which in turn, contributed differently to their perceptions of symbolic violence and resilience to it. We thereby offer diverse stakeholders strategies in building resilience for (Chinese) international research students within and beyond Australia.

Olympus: a GDPR compliant blockchain system

Blockchain has been gaining significant interest in several domains. However, this technology also raises relevant challenges, namely in terms of data protection. After the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has been published by the European Union, companies worldwide changed the way they process personal data. This project provides a model and implementation of a blockchain system to store personal data complying with GDPR. We examine the advantages and challenges and evaluate the system. We use Hyperledger Fabric as blockchain, Interplanetary File System to store personal data off-chain, and a Django REST API to interact with both the blockchain and the distributed file system. Olympus has three possible types of users: Data Subjects, Data Processors and Data Controllers and a fourth participant, Supervisor Authority, that, despite not being an explicit role, can perform all verifications that GDPR mandates. We conclude that it is possible to create a system that overcomes the major challenges of storing personal data in a blockchain (Right to be Forgotten and Right to Rectification), while maintaining its desirable characteristics (auditability, verifiability, tamper resistance, distributed—remove single points of failure) and complying with GDPR.

Supervisor incivility, ruminations and insubordination: catalytic effects of supervisor task conflict

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between employees' exposure to supervisor incivility and their engagement in insubordinate behavior, by detailing a mediating role of ruminations about interpersonal offenses and a moderating role of supervisor task conflict.Design/methodology/approachThe research hypotheses were assessed with three rounds of data, obtained from employees and their peers, working for firms in various industries.FindingsAn important reason that employees' sense that their supervisor treats them disrespectfully escalates into defiance of supervisor authority is that the employees cannot stop thinking about how they have been wronged. The mediating role of such ruminations is particularly prominent when employees' viewpoints clash with those of their supervisor.Practical implicationsA critical danger exists for employees who are annoyed with a rude supervisor: They ponder their negative treatment, which prompts them to disobey, a response that likely diminishes the chances that supervisors might change their behaviors. This detrimental process is particularly salient when employee–supervisor interactions are marked by unpleasant task-related fights.Originality/valueThis study unpacks an unexplored link between supervisor incivility and supervisor-directed insubordination by explicating the pertinent roles of two critical factors (rumination and task conflict) in this link.

Legal Reconstruction of Regional Notary Assembly Supervisor Authority in the Framework of Notary Supervision Optimization Based on Justice Value

The objectives of this study are to analyze and find weaknesses in the Regional Notary Assembly Supervisor Authority in Indonesia currently and how to reconstruct the law to realize a better Regional Notary Assembly Supervisor Authority based on justice value. The method used in this study uses an empirical juridical approach supported by a normative approach with the paradigm used by the constructivism paradigm. The results of the research show that there are that the regulation of the authority of the notary regional supervisory board in the context of supervising notaries is currently not optimal based on the value of justice as there are weaknesses in the regulation of the authority of the notary regional supervisory board in the framework of supervising notaries at this time as the board don't have the authority to impose sanctions on a notary. Therefore, there is a need for reconstruction of the authority of the regional notary supervisory board as stated in article 70 of Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the position of a notary, in which the notary regional supervisory board must have the authority to impose sanctions on a notary.

The Authority Enhancement of The Election Supervisory Agency Post The Enforcement of Law Number 7 of 2017 Regarding General Election

The implementation of elections in Indonesia has its own characteristics, where the regulation of the implementation of these simultaneous elections is set to be one in Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections. In addition, this Act also gives the Electoral Observer quasi-judicial authority in the process of dealing with administrative and arbitrary violations of the Electoral Process, with sanctions granted through an Electoral Observer Decision. It attracted the authors to research the electoral supervisory authorities experiencing enlargement and loading and to see the implications of quasi-judicial authority granted through several case analyses. This study aims to analyze the issues following (a) the form of authority enhancement given to Bawaslu and (b) the implementation of Bawaslu's authority in its effort to handle election violations and resolve election disputes in Lampung Province according to Law No. 7 Year 2017 regarding the General Election. The method used in this research is a normative-empirical law study. Data sources of this research are primary, secondary and tertiary law objects using qualitative analysis methods. The result obtained from this research shows enhancement of the election supervisor's authority in the areas of: First, handling process of criminal election violation; Second, the handling of election organizers' ethical code violation; Third, the handling of election administration violation; Fourth, election dispute settlement mechanism. The enhancement of Bawaslu's authority process is a characteristic that is a given quasi-judicial in handling administrative violations and election process disputes that can be seen in 4 (four) election regimes.

Supervisor-subordinate guanxi and emotional exhaustion: The moderating effect of supervisor job autonomy and workload levels in organizations

This research utilizes the conservation of resources (COR) theory to examine the effect of supervisor-subordinate guanxi on the emotional exhaustion of the Thai subordinates working under Chinese supervisors at Chinese subsidiaries in Thailand. Specifically, this study examines the role of supervisor job autonomy and workload as moderators of supervisor-subordinate guanxi on subordinates' emotional exhaustion. Survey data were obtained from 201 dyads comprised of Chinese supervisors and their Thai subordinates at the subsidiaries of a Chinese multinational enterprise in Rayong, Thailand. A partial least squares structural equation model was used for data analysis. The analysis significantly supports the negative association between supervisor-subordinate guanxi effects on the emotional exhaustion of Thai subordinates. The effect of supervisor-subordinate guanxi is positively moderated by the Chinese supervisors' level of job autonomy. However, it is negatively moderated by the level of workload generally experienced by Thai subordinates at this organization. Findings support and advance previous research, illustrating that not every group of employees will benefit from guanxi equally; whether an employee benefits from guanxi depends on the supervisor's authority and the levels of workload.

Teacher Autonomy and Supervisor Authority: Power Dynamics in Language Teacher Supervision in Iran

The power imbalance inherent in supervision can seriously challenge language teachers’ autonomy leading to resistance, anxiety, frustration and even anger. This study explored the possible uses or abuses of power when teacher supervisors exercise their authority to fulfill their responsibilities. The study drew on Foucault’s (1991) conception of power, and Vygotsky’s (1978) social constructivism. Using mixed-methods design, the researchers interviewed both EFL teachers, and supervisors, and examined some post-observation feedback conferences. A questionnaire was also administered to survey teachers’ and supervisors’ conception of power dynamics in the language teacher supervision profession. Factor analysis of the data resulted in the extraction of two factors including “directiveness” and “uniformity promotion”. Independent samples t-test did not indicate a significant difference between the teachers’ and supervisors’ perceptions of power. Analysis of the interviews and post-observation feedback conferences confirmed the findings indicating that supervisors mostly used classic prescriptive approaches to supervision in which teachers have little power. Supervisors mostly resorted to their position power and reward power seldom using their expert power which seems to have led to resistance on the part of the teachers. Finally, the paper provides a framework emerging from the qualitative data that presents some strategies to effectively manage the power imbalance in language teacher supervision profession.

The effect of supervisor's authority on auditor's response

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of referent power, expert power, legitimate power, reward power, and coercive power as independent variables on performance improvement and impression management as the dependent variable. This study aims to answer exploratory, descriptive, explanatory, and predictive research using a survey method in the form of a questionnaire containing a list of statements that will be given to respondents to be filled in to obtain information from respondents and data processing using the WarpPLS 5.0 application. The results showed that referent power, reward power, and coercive power affected performance improvement and impression management, while expert power and legitimate power did not affect performance improvement and impression management.

ASSOCIAZIONI SPORTIVE DILETTANTISTICHE (ASD) E PROTEZIONE DEI DATI PERSONALI NEGLI ORIENTAMENTI DEL GARANTE

This essay, through the lens of case law concerning the rulings of the Italian Supervisor Authority, analyses the main legal issues relating to the compliance with data protection law by Amateur Sports Associations (ASA). Then it highlights the importance of both expert knowledge of practices, also through the study of case law in this area, and the identification of figures within the association, adequately trained in this specific area of the legal system.

Identifying Ruptures and Repairs in Alliance-Focused Training Group Supervision

ABSTRACT Group supervision presents unique opportunities for psychotherapy trainees to deepen their understanding of alliance ruptures and repair strategies. Trainees can explore challenging clinical moments and benefit from diverse perspectives and support. Group supervision also provides trainees with multiple opportunities to experience ruptures and repairs firsthand in their interactions with the supervisor and other group members. More research, particularly research using observer-based methods, would enhance our knowledge of rupture and repair processes in group supervision. In this study, seven sessions of Alliance-Focused Training, a group supervision that specifically aims to improve trainees’ abilities to recognize and negotiate ruptures, were coded for alliance rupture markers and repair strategies using a modified version of the Rupture Resolution Rating System (3RS). Excerpts of the coded sessions were used to illustrate AFT process in the absence of ruptures, and in the context of ruptures between the supervisor and trainees, between trainees, and between a trainee and the group. There were no clear examples of ruptures between trainees. The ruptures between the supervisor and the trainees were deemed to have only a minor impact on the alliance, and these minor ruptures were at least partly addressed. Based on the coding, themes related to supervisor authority, complex and subtle ruptures, and the use of metacommunication within the AFT group were discussed. The findings of this exploratory study suggest that the 3RS can be useful for measuring process in group supervision and that greater attention to group process and ruptures within the group holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of AFT.

Inside the mediation room - efficiency, voice and equity in workplace mediation

Existing research into workplace mediation in the UK has tended to focus on managerial perceptions. Consequently, there has been a unitarist emphasis on the business case for mediation, revolving around its alleged superior efficiency properties compared to conventional rights-based procedures. This paper develops the research agenda in two respects: first, it foregrounds the experiences of participants in mediation through 25 interviews with individuals drawn from a variety of contexts. Second, it extends the analysis beyond the efficiency of mediation to consider issues of voice and equity. In doing so it explores the role played by mediation within the negotiation and re-negotiation of workplace relations and also the way in which it shapes, and is shaped by, power and control. In the cases examined in the paper, mediation not only facilitated employee voice, but allowed subordinates to challenge the authority of supervisors and line managers. However, the influence of mediation on the balance of workplace power relations outside the mediation room was much more limited.

Requirements for nurse supervisor training: A qualitative content analysis.

Background:Supervisors should have certain characteristics and adequate preparation for their roles. Yet, there are no well-educated experts knowing about the supervisor's role and responsibilities and how to train them. So, this research was conducted with the purpose of finding the factors affecting nursing supervisor training.Materials and Methods:This research is an inductive content analysis. Participants were 25 in number, consisting of nurses and supervisors in Shahid Sadoughi University hospitals. The participants were chosen by a purposive sampling method. Data collection was done by semi-structured interviews and reviewing documents. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis.Results:Findings included two main themes: Firstly, establishment of a supervisory infrastructure that includes “making the appointments and retention of supervisors, clarifying the duties and authority of supervisor, developing supervisory culture, specializing supervision, and conducting practice-based training” and secondly, comprehensive supervisory competencies that include “acquiring scientific, managing, communicative, professional, ethical, pedagogical, and supporting adequacy.”Conclusions:Clinical supervisor has a major role in ensuring the quality of nursing care. This leads to improvements in patient care and nurses’ personal and professional development. So, it is necessary that for effective supervision in nursing, first an infrastructure is provided for supervision and then the comprehensive competency of a supervisor is enhanced to apply effective supervision.

The institutional role of the Albanian Financial Supervisor Authority

This paper aims to examine, describe and rise critical issues on the role of the Albanian Financial Supervisor Authority within the Albanian financial system. The independence of this institution is examined under the provisions of the Law and secondary legislation as the main authority which guarantee the safeguard of the system and an effective control. The relationship of the Authority with the operators of insurance, financial market and pension funding schemes is driven by the fulfillment of its institutional role: the supervision of a new and unestablished market. The banking market, on the other side, moves from monopoly to competition and there are findings that suggest an oligopoly created in Albania. Thus, the important role of the Authority to foster competition is one of the most important, due to its obligations in the EU integration process. Its institutional role and its prerogatives are examined in order to determine if there is a complete and adequate regulation of the system.

Managing employees’ talk about problems in work in performance appraisal interviews

Performance appraisal interviews are carried out on the basis of known-in-advance written materials such as preparation forms and interview guides. This article demonstrates how participants manage interviews by following a question–answer–response format fit to address interview guide entries one at a time. Two recurring supervisor responses to employees’ talk about problems in work are investigated: positive prediction and advice. It is suggested that these responses serve to establish supervisor authority and deter participants from discussing issues raised in employee answers and thus go against norms emanating from literature on management communication. Results obtained in interviews are put down in writing along the way and subsequently summarized in documents to be signed by both participants, that is, employee and supervisor. The article demonstrates how participants use positive prediction and advice to coordinate talk-in-interaction with handling written materials and note taking, as well as formulating conclusions suitable for writing. The analyses shed light on how talk in an institutional context becomes a middle-medium, that is, a bridge between writings, and how this process is accomplished in turn-taking procedures.

Domino Effects When Banks Hoard Liquidity: The French Network

We investigate the consequences of banks' liquidity hoarding behavior for the stability of the financial system proposing a new model of banking contagion through two channels, bilateral exposures and funding shortage. Inspired by the key role of liquidity hoarding in the 2007-2009 financial crisis, we incorporate banks' hoarding behavior in a standard Iterative Default Cascade algorithm to compute the propagation of a common market shock through a banking system. In addition to potential solvency contagion, a market shock leads to banks’ liquidity hoarding that may generate problems of short-term funding for other banks. As an empirical exercise, we apply this model to the French banking system. Relying on data on bank’s bilateral exposures collected by the French Prudential Supervisor Authority, the French banking sector appears resilient to the combination of an initial market shock (losses on marked-to-market assets) and of the resulting solvency and liquidity contagion. Gauging the relative weights in the total loss of the various factors, the model sheds light on the complexity of liquidity hoarding effects.

Optimize the Governance Structure of Private Enterprises from Social Angle

Because the optimization objective for governance system of Private enterprise is not to accurate, this thesis proves that the optimization objective for governance system of Private enterprise is not the maximization of “boss” interests, but also should be the maximization of enterprise and social efficiency, as well as the maximization of social total welfare; For Private enterprise, which kind of governance system is the most optimal, depending on the objective that is to ensure the interests of family controlling shareholders, or to protect the interests of non-controlling shareholders, or to meet the requirements of society and government for the enterprises. Different angles have different optimal standard, the Government will have to play a comprehensive role in guiding and leading. For that, Private enterprise should implement the system of distributing the number of director, setting up the shareholder committee, the source of supervisor socialization, the authority of supervisors' board higher than directors’ board, bringing employee into the governance framework, and implement government audit.

The content of 'complete independence'contained in the Data Protection Directive

Article 16 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union constitutionalized the statutory obligation of member states to install national supervisory authorities under the Data Protection Directive. Undisputedly, efficient regulation presupposes the establishment of an independent supervisory authority. Control authority must be clearly separated from private and public sector actors; however the independence of the authority remains hard to define. The mere fact that the supervisor authority is functioning as a government agency, runs the risk of becoming an organ that legitimates processing practices and new information gathering methods, rather than an independent institution that monitors, and if necessary, openly condemns them. However, the European Court of Justice delivered a decision on the content of the independence. The Federal Republic of Germany failed to guarantee the complete independence of supervisory authorities—an obligation that derives from the second subparagraph of Article 28(1) of Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council—in so far as it has made the authorities responsible for monitoring the processing of personal data by non-public bodies and undertakings governed by public law which compete on the market in the different Länder subject to state oversight. The decision surely has wide impact on national laws and future reform of the data protection regulation of the EU.

Financial Supervisors in Small Markets – Independency or Mergers

Last financial crisis brought out the debate about efficacy of financial sector’s supervisors. There is a strong debate about the reform of supervising system in the States and within EU countries. In fact, all of the administrations in developed countries are now facing the main question how to organize financial sector’s supervisors to make them more efficient and to prevent the new, even bigger financial crisis in the future. Purpose of this article is to raise organizational questions in connection with the possible conflict of interests. Article analyses legal norms and with comparative approach tends to present possible solutions. There are two main directions: unified supervisor authority or two or more authorities. Which direction will be chosen, depends on answer which organizational structure mostly prevents conflict of interest.

Coping with work-family conflict: A leader-member exchange perspective.

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory is applied as a framework for understanding coping with work-family conflict. The effectiveness of four work-family coping strategies (i.e., preventive and episodic forms of both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping) is considered with emphasis on how the LMX relationship contributes to each form of coping with work interference with family. The LMX-based model of work-family coping accounts for the development of family-friendly work roles, use of organizational family-friendly policies, and the negotiation of flextime and flexplace accommodations. Constraints on the relationship between LMX and work-family coping associated with supervisor authority and resources and aspects of the organizational context are also discussed. Research and applied implications of the model are offered.

Coordination and Perfection between Independent Director and Supervisor’s Council

Inside supervision exists in the name only and is severe lack in Chinese Listed Company. The authority of supervisors’ council is strengthened in the new Company Law and definitely regulate that the Listed Company should introduce independent director system. The two are different corporation inside supervision modes in unitary and binary Corporate Governance Structure. If introduce the two of them in one country’s corporate law, supervisors’ council will inevitably conflict with independent director in legal status and function design and etc. The two systems have different characters in exercising supervisory power, they are also complementary. This article tries to explain the realistic predicament of supervisors’ council system and independent director system and to coordinate their relationship, which will benefit further to perfect inside supervision system of our Chinese corporation.