Audiovisual Resources Research Articles

Systematization of Presentation of Virtual Cases in a Postdoctoral Program in Orthodontics

Background: Incorporating information and communication technologies (ICTs) as a teaching tool for the postgraduate orthodontics program at Unicoc-Cali, Colombia, has generated a transformative change in the dynamics of the presentation of cases. Purpose: To systematize the learning experience: Presentation of virtual clinical cases carried out by residents of the third and fifth semester of the Orthodontic postgraduate course at Unicoc (Cali-Colombia), during the period 2018-2019. Methods: A database, virtual survey and focus group with residents were carried out. Results: The new methodology allowed an additional 130% of cases presented compared to the previous year. The benefits that the residents found in the virtual methodology were in their order: reduction in waiting times, facilitates the presentation process, streamlines the presentation and improves the flow of patients. Conclusions: The implemented didactic proposal enriches the postgraduate teaching-learning process because the audiovisual resource allows them to leave a useful record for the autonomous study of their own cases and that of their classmates. Their access is flexible in terms of time and space while allowing them to advance their learning at their own pace. The scheme was reproducible by all residents. The didactics allowed the presentations to be shown to other specialists to facilitate the inter-consultation process. The benefits found in the virtual methodology were: reduction in waiting times, facilitates the presentation process, streamlines the presentation and improves the flow of patients.

Online audio-visual information on oral cancer for Spanish-speaking laypersons. A cross-sectional study.

Background Lack of knowledge and awareness of oral cancer seem to be the main causes of diagnostic delay. Online resources are often used by patients to obtain health/medical information. However, there are no reports on the quality and usefulness of oral cancer audio-visual resources in Spanish. The aims of this investigation were to disclose the type of information about oral cancer available, and whether it may be useful to shorten the patients’ oral cancer appraisal time-interval.Material and Methods Cross-sectional study undertaken at three video-sharing sites on October, 13th 2019. Keywords: “Cáncer oral”; “cáncer de boca”. The first 100 results in each viewing list were retrieved by three reviewers. Demographical data was recorded, and interaction indexes, viewing rates, comprehensiveness, and usefulness were calculated for each video. The presence of non-scientifically supported information was also assessed. A descriptive analysis was undertaken, and relationships between variables were explored using the Spearman correlation test.Results A total of 127 videos were selected. They were produced mainly by mass-media (46.5%; n=59) and their length ranged from 0.28 to 105.38 minutes (median 4.15 minutes; IQR: 2.34-9.67). The most viewed video (10,599,765 views; visualization rate 726,508.9) scored 0 both in usefulness and comprehensiveness. The most useful video gathered 44,119 views (visualization rate 2.033.13). A highly significant positive correlation (0.643; p<0.001) could be observed between usefulness and comprehensiveness of the videos, together with negative correlations between the visualization rate and usefulness (-0.186; p<0.05), and visualization rate and comprehensiveness (-0.183; p<0.05).Conclusions Online audio-visual material about oral cancer in Spanish is incomplete, of limited usefulness, and often includes non-scientifically supported information. Most of these resources are produced by mass media and healthcare professionals, with minor contributions from educational and healthcare institutions. Visualization rates negatively correlated with the usefulness and comprehensiveness of the contents in these digital objects. Key words:Oral cancer, diagnostic delay, patient education, internet, audio-visual resources, Spanish.

Os títulos no processo de escrita de histórias por alunos do 2.º ano de escolaridade

O título, embora referindo-se ao texto, também funciona de forma autónoma. A sua motivação advém da relação com o texto e com outros títulos conhecidos. O nosso objetivo é entender a génese dos títulos no processo de escrita de histórias por alunos do 2.º ano. Para isso, a interação entre os alunos, organizados em díades e produzindo histórias, foi registada utilizando o sistema RAMOS, um recurso audiovisual que capta simultaneamente o diálogo entre os alunos e o que eles estão a escrever. As transcrições da produção de 14 histórias por quatro díades foram analisadas e o diálogo referente ao título foi considerado como uma unidade de análise. Os resultados mostram o lugar autónomo da construção do título no processo de escrita e a projeção no título de um elemento nuclear da história. Entender o processo de escrever um título pode ajudar os alunos a estar conscientes da sua importância e possibilidades.

Produção de sentidos e sexualidade na juventude: um relato de experiência / Production of meanings and sexuality in youth: an account of experience

O presente artigo traz um relato de experiência de estágio em Psicologia Social, realizado com aproximadamente 80 jovens, como idades entre 14 e 19 anos. As atividades foram realizadas por meio de módulos temáticos e a presente produção versará sobre o encontro temático que abordou questões relacionadas a sexualidade na juventude. Como metodologia para a realização do encontro, abordamos os assuntos com o auxílio de recursos audiovisuais e dinâmicas psicoeducativas, assim, direcionando o encontro de acordo com as dúvidas e inquietações dos/as próprios/as jovens. A maioria dos/as participantes afirmou que a sexualidade é tratada de maneira diferente para os homens e mulheres. Foi possível perceber a culpabilização da mulher por uma gravidez não planejada. Além disso, muitos jovens percebem a gravidez na adolescência não como algo somente negativo, mas como possibilitador da reestruturação de vivências. A sexualidade na juventude mostrou-se como elemento produtor de identidade marcado por questões de gênero. Entende-se aqui, a importância de ampliar discussões sobre as temáticas considerando os marcadores analíticos de gênero e geração, abrindo mão assim de moralidades conservadoras que levam a perpetuação das desigualdades entre homens e mulheres.

Factors affecting Students' English Speaking Skills at Secondary School Level

'Factors Affecting Students' English-Speaking Skills at Secondary School Level' is the topic I've chosen for my research. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence students' English speaking skills at the secondary school level, to emphasise the importance of the direct method on oral reading fluency, to identify the problems that English teachers face at the secondary school level, and to provide a foundation for students to improve their English speaking skills. All of the teachers and students in the 48 government girl's high schools in the district of Swabi. The study sample consisted of 10 teachers and 100 students drawn at random from the whole population. One instructor and ten students were chosen at random. With the support of a supervisor and after a thorough review of pertinent literature, a close end questionnaire based on a Likert scale with 20 items for teachers and another questionnaire with 20 items for students was developed. We can deduce from the statistics that English is used as a medium of instruction by the majority of teachers. The students have the same reaction. Teachers rarely employ audiovisual resources to improve their students' speaking abilities. Teachers do not communicate with one another in English. In class, the majority of professors adopt an interactive style. For the most part, teachers instruct in their home tongue. All of the teachers believe that English is a useful language and that teaching English is not a burden. However, the institution does not provide English language training or activities.

Accessibility to Leisure and Culture

Despite efforts undertaken by the public administration (ministries, public museums) and companies (private museums, tourist centres, streaming platforms) to bring multimodal cultural heritage closer to all citizens, the true extent of access for those with disabilities or those at risk of exclusion remains largely unknown.&#x0D; In recent years, Translation Studies in the field of audiovisual translation have shown a particular interest in analysing the way in which the impaired public accesses multimodal contents of all kinds. Methods (qualitative and quantitative) from other disciplines have been applied and replicated, creating a profusion of studies that seek to measure and evaluate the quality of access.&#x0D; This article presents the PRA2 platform, an online portal for the evaluation of accessible audiovisual resources that proposes a new way of analysing the quality of reception by developing a series of online questionnaires to target the sensory and cognitively impaired public in particular. The article presents the main features of this valuable research tool as well as the preliminary results of a study hosted by the portal regarding audio description (AD) for the Guernica painting.

Flipped Classroom como estrategia metodológica en la Carrera de Imagenología: propuesta de aplicación de Storyflipped

La investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer si se aplica la metodología de Flipped Classroom en la carrera de Imagenología de la Universidad de Cuenca y proponer alternativas de utilización. Se empleó una metodología descriptiva no experimental. El uso de OVA y de recursos audiovisuales son las principales herramientas en las que se sustenta la metodología del Flipped Classroom y debido a que los estudiantes reportaron un alto uso de las mismas (80,2% y 100% de los estudiantes respectivamente), se concluye que el uso de la metodología activa denominada Flipped Classroom está presente en la enseñanza educativa universitaria en la carrera de Imagenología de la Universidad de Cuenca. Se concluye que, aunque esta metodología presentó buena aceptación por una parte de los estudiantes, no satisface al porcentaje esperado de los mismos.

Didactic features of using video materials in English lessons for engineering students

Foreign language teachers for engineering specialties are faced with the task of forming and developing communicative competencies within the framework of a professional orientation. It leads to an increase in the duration of mastering the material by students at the initial stage of training (1 course), since specialized disciplines are taught later. In this regard, the specific goal of teaching a foreign language at a university is to form a general idea of the objects for professional activity in solving specific engineering problems. Therefore, it is necessary to apply an interdisciplinary approach and include material that is professionally significant for the students. The content of the "Foreign language" discipline for engineering majors is determined by the content of the lexical part of the educational material, which includes general vocabulary, interdisciplinary vocabulary and professionally oriented vocabulary. The peculiarities of teaching the discipline "Foreign language" for engineering specialties is the active use of terminological, illustrative and video materials. Foreign language teachers for engineering majors now have the opportunity to use audiovisual resources (to improve the acquisition of the target language) to motivate students. This article presents an analysis of the role and effectiveness of video as an authentic material for developing an understanding professionally oriented vocabulary in the course of learning a foreign language for engineering majors. The author considers the principles of selecting educational video material and its organizing, taking into account the goals of a foreign language lesson for students of engineering majors and students of oil and gas industry. Also author provides an approximate lesson plan using authentic video material for students of oil and gas industry.

Avaliação de um vídeo didático no processo ensino-aprendizagem em práticas laboratoriais de Engenharia e Física

O avanço tecnológico tem transformado a forma de acesso às informações, e as ferramentas digitais surgem como uma estratégia pedagógica interessante, promovendo uma interação parecida com a de uma sala de aula, tornando-se de suma importância para a introdução de novas metodologias de ensino. Ainda que a maioria dos cursos de ensino a distância seja na área de ciências sociais e aplicadas, aqueles de engenharias semipresenciais cresceram significativamente. Com relação aos cursos de engenharias, os recursos audiovisuais e o ensino a distância garantem impactar profundamente o sistema de ensino superior, destacando-se a eficiência e baixo custo econômico. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência de um vídeo didático no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em uma prática laboratorial do ensino de ciências, ministrada para uma turma de engenharia. Os resultados demonstraram que o vídeo foi bem avaliado pelos alunos, e que este contribuiu para o aprendizado, estimulando a realização de novas práticas por este método. A experiência de elaboração da vídeo aula foi vista como um mecanismos de extrema importância para a renovação do contexto escolar.

Patient education about recovery after colorectal surgery: systematic scoping review.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to optimize recovery through a series of evidence-based recommendations. A key component of ERAS is the provision of patient education. Whilst the recommendation for this is strong, the evidence to inform its format, timing and delivery is unclear. The aim of this review was to describe previous educational interventions used to improve recovery after colorectal surgery and to explore opportunities for future research. A systematic scoping review was performed. MEDLINE and Embase databases were searched between 1 January 1990 and 12 February 2020. Studies which described or assessed the effectiveness of a patient education or information resource to improve recovery after colorectal surgery were eligible. Outcomes of interest included the format, timing and delivery of interventions, as well as key features of intervention and study design. A narrative synthesis of data was produced through a process of charting and summarizing key results. A total of 1298 papers were inspected, and 11 were eligible for inclusion. Five papers were reports of randomized controlled trials, and others reported a mix of non-randomized and qualitative studies. The design of educational interventions included audio-visual resources (n=3), smartphone device applications (n=3) and approaches to facilitate person-to-person counselling (n=5). Most of the counselling interventions reported positive outcomes (mainly in length of hospital stay), whereas the other types reported mixed results. Patients and the public were seldom involved as collaborators in the design of interventions. Patient education is generally advantageous, but there is insufficient evidence to optimize its design and delivery in the setting of colorectal surgery.

Reliability Centered Maintenance Management in the laboratory area of a Higher Education Institution

Maintaining that waits for failure to intervene to occur resulting in production losses, high costs and decreased life cycle of the asset. In the Head of Department of Laboratories and Audiovisual Resources institution of higher education, it requires teams with opportunity for improvement in terms of reliability, maintainability and availability are identified. The objective was: proposal for implementation of maintenance through the methodology of Reliability Centered Maintenance to manage equipment availability; which consists of seven steps: 1) define the system and determine the criticality of equipment, 2) identify and define their functions; 3) determine failures; 4) establish failure modes; 5) determine the effects of failures; 6) assess consequences; 7) and develop a plan for equipment maintenance. As a result seven critical to equipment failure analysis were obtained; technical specifications; recommendations for use; Application forms and work orders; schedule of activities, maintenance strategies and indicators for the area. It is concluded that the objective to make a proposal for implementation of maintenance measures that support generating increasing the availability previously compliance with reliability and maintainability fulfilled.

No percurso da expressão gênica: uma proposta pedagógica para o ensino de Biologia

Apesar de uma ciência amplamente presente no cotidiano, grande parte dos estudantes apresentam dificuldades em promover a correlação e visualização das aplicações dos conteúdos abordados na disciplina de Genética molecular. Isto dificulta a construção e consolidação dos saberes que englobam os conteúdos relacionados a esta área do conhecimento, tornando-os abstratos e distantes de sua realidade pessoal. Dentre as alternativas para facilitar o processo de ensino, destaca-se a diversificação de modalidades didáticas, como a realização de aulas práticas, modelos didáticos, aplicação de jogos e recursos audiovisuais, pois contribuem para despertar o interesse e motivação dos estudantes. Assim, em razão das dificuldades recorrentes acerca da aprendizagem do conteúdo de expressão gênica, a proposta pedagógica “No percurso da expressão gênica”, foi desenvolvida com intuito de otimizar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem deste conteúdo. Para este feito, o método foi estruturado em duas etapas, sendo na primeira apresentado as sequências dos processos e contemplado importantes conceitos, através de uma estratégia divertida que consiste na aplicação de um jogo didático tipo Ludo. Na segunda etapa os estudantes são incentivados a revisar o conteúdo abordado ao longo do primeiro momento e a colaborarem através de discussões e compartilhamento de saberes para que possam solucionar o desafio proposto. O objetivo é apresentar um método de ensino que possa auxiliar na compreensão do processo de expressão gênica, sendo esperado que após a integração desta prática, os conceitos sejam assimilados de forma mais efetiva e palpáveis, especialmente no que concerne aos tópicos sequências e localização subcelular dos produtos gênicos.

A percepção inicial da Etnomatemática no ensino PROEJA em dois contextos profissionais

Este artigo tem como finalidade apresentar os resultados preliminares da pesquisa em desenvolvimento, na área em Educação Matemática pela Universidade do Minho (Portugal). Faz-se um estudo de caso em dois contextos profissionais, com um viés sobre a Etnomatemática em dois cursos da modalidade de ensino PROEJA: Técnico em Edificações e Técnico em Reciclagem, do Instituto Federal de Brasília. Verificando o uso do conhecimento informal nas profissões de alguns alunos que atuam na construção civil e catadores de materiais recicláveis. O objetivo da investigação é averiguar o efeito de uma intervenção didática que contemple o conhecimento matemático adquirido pelos alunos do PROEJA em atividades profissionais na aprendizagem da matemática. Baseia-se na metodologia qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso, obteve-se os dados por observação, questionamentos, registros, relatórios e recursos audiovisuais. Os resultados preliminares identificaram ausência da Etnomatemática na práxis docente e, observou-se na análise dos relatórios dos 12 alunos do curso Técnico em Edificações, que 7 deles trabalham na construção civil, sendo que apenas 4 descreveram o uso da matemática informal nas atividades laboral. Em relação aos resultados do curso Técnico em Reciclagem, fizeram parte da investigação 12 alunos, 6 deles trabalham como catadores de galpão e identificaram o uso da matemática, de forma limitada. Ressalta-se que não houve critério para o número total de alunos de ambos os cursos.

Influence of an Audiovisual Resource on the Preoperative Anxiety of Adult Endodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

IntroductionThe expectation of undergoing endodontic treatment can cause anxiety in patients. Anxiety is described as a transient emotional state closely related to pain, fear, and imbalance of the organism. The clinician commonly must use some type of tool to alleviate the patient’s preoperative anxiety before treatment can be applied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an audiovisual resource on the preoperative anxiety of adult patients undergoing endodontic treatment. MethodsOne hundred sixty endodontic patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n = 80) and then assessed at 2 preoperative time points separated by a 10-minute interval. After the first assessment, the patients in the experimental group watched a video of their own choice obtained from the Internet to provide them with a relaxing experience. In both groups and at both time points, the assessments consisted of collecting the patients’ vital signs (diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate) and data regarding their subjective perception of anxiety using a visual analog scale. ResultsThere were no significant differences between the groups regarding the vital sign variation observed between the 2 assessment time points. However, the variation in the scores obtained on the visual analog scale was significantly greater in the experimental group (P < .05), indicating a greater reduction in the level of preoperative anxiety in this group. ConclusionsThe preoperative use of an audiovisual resource was associated with a decrease in the perception of anxiety by patients undergoing endodontic treatment.

ESTRATÉGIAS DIDÁTICO-PEDAGÓGICAS PARA O ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DE GENÉTICA

Os alunos sentem dificuldade no processo de letramento científico na área de Genética em virtude da quantidade considerável de termos técnicos-científicos que fogem totalmente das experiências cotidianas dos alunos, serem abordados de forma abstrata, separada do contexto histórico e desatualizada. Desse modo, nosso objetivo foi testar um conjunto de estratégias didático-pedagógicas por aula ministrada que facilitasse o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos principais conteúdos de Genética, com a utilização de aulas expositiva-dialogada, prática e experimental, recursos audiovisuais, jogos didáticos e maquetes. Avaliamos a aprendizagem dos alunos por meio do seu desempenho ao responderem questionários semiestruturados aplicados antes e após cada aula. De modo geral, as aulas alcançaram resultados significativos, sobretudo as aulas em relação ao “Sistema ABO e Fator Rh” e “Síndromes Cromossômicas”. No entanto, as aulas sobre “Introdução aos Conceitos Básicos de Genética” e “Leis de Mendel” podem ser melhoradas a partir da sugestão de outras estratégias que foram discutidas. Assim, podemos concluir que é necessário que os professores utilizem estratégias didático-pedagógicas alternativas de acordo com o conteúdo ministrado na tentativa de torná-lo mais fácil e simples de entendimento pelos alunos, não sendo necessário exclusivamente o uso de laboratório para aulas práticas e experimentais para o ensino-aprendizagem de Genética.

A utilização de Softwares de Apresentação como recurso audiovisual para uma proposta de atividade educacional sobre “Crash Test”

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta para o ensino de força para o Ensino Médio utilizando potencialidades de um software de apresentação como recurso audiovisual de criação e edição de apresentações de mídias educacionais. A proposta se baseia em estimar a força exercida em um carro em um teste de colisão conhecido como Crash Test. Utilizar tal recurso para implementação dessa atividade favorece a articulação de diversas mídias educacionais, por exemplo, texto, vídeos entre outros símbolos, em um mesmo software de apresentação. A proposta pode estimular um ambiente no qual os sujeitos envolvidos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dialoguem e externalizem conceitos durante a atividade educacional e, a priori, possibilita a discussão de um exemplo próximo ao cotidiano vivido pelo aluno, tornando a tecnologia midiática um meio que pode potencializar a construção do conhecimento pelo aluno.

Los comienzos del periodismo de misterio en la televisión española: MÁS ALLÁ (TVE1, 1976-1981)

Esta investigación analiza uno de los programas televisivos que inició el llamado periodismo de misterio en España: Más Allá. Fue presentado y dirigido por el periodista y psiquiatra Fernando Jiménez del Oso y se emitió en la segunda cadena de la televisión pública española desde 1976 hasta 1981. El programa exponía numerosos debates y entrevistas centrados, en esencia, en el campo de las ciencias ocultas (más concretamente englobaba cualquier tema relacionado con el misterio y lo desconocido). Se analiza su presencia en la programación (cadena, día y hora de emisión), los temas abordados en las diferentes ediciones del programa a lo largo de su emisión, así como la estética y los recursos audiovisuales y técnicos utilizados para crear un ambiente característico. Se mostrará que Más Allá supuso una ruptura respecto a la cultura oficial franquista, abordando, con cierta libertad, cuestiones que hasta entonces se habían considerado tabú.

Education and Knowledge Management: Pedagogical Challenges

The instructor of Knowledge Management in Higher Education needs the formation of a systematic process of pedagogical training, which allows him/her to develop his/her skills as an educator. Dealing with adult students does not exempt the university instructor from enabling practical application of the knowledge acquired in the classroom. The background of the study is the pedagogical practice of the authors at a university in the interior of Santa Catarina, one of the three southern Brazilian states. The students are from middle to lower classes, who mostly work during the day to finance their evening studies. Thus, in the teaching of Knowledge Management it is not enough for the instructor to have a mastery of the knowledge related to the subject he teaches. The instructor needs to develop the ability to create teaching material for students and strategies of different teaching methods, such as: the lecture; discussion; simulations and audiovisual resources. Despite all the preparation and planning of the instructor to teach the contents, the primary pedagogical tool is dialogue. The communication between teacher and students waives all the content of a class, because it depends on it that the learning happens. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Pedagogy, Higher Education. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/10-8-01 Publication date: April 30 th 2020

Effect of an educational intervention on the breastfeeding technique on the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the effect of an intervention directed to the breastfeeding technique in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life. Methods: this is a quasi-randomized intervention study conducted in a public maternity ward accredited in the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. The intervention consisted of individual orientations on the breastfeeding technique in the first 48 hours after delivery, with the help of a breast model, doll, and movie. The control group was oriented by researchers about the importance of breastfeeding, and received hospital orientations. Data were collected in the maternity ward, and at the end of the first month in the hospital’s outpatient service by implementing a questionnaire, observing the baby’s breastfeeding technique and examining breasts. Results: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life of the infant was 76.6% in the experimental group, and 52.2% in the control group. RR=1.46 (CI95%=1.16-1.84); NNT=4.09; p=0.001. The trained women presented a correct breast-feeding technique in 64.04%, much higher when compared to those who did not receive training (15.11%;RR=4.87[CI95%=2.93-8.34]; NNT=1.96;p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: the use of audiovisual resources, use of instruments (model breast and doll), and type of individualized approach contributed to an increased prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding up to 30 days after delivery.

Archived Bards The Double Life of Performance Poetry on YouTube

YouTube is often the first port of call for anyone looking for audio-visual resources, be it a music video, film clip, educational how-to or homemade footage. Yet the novelty of convenience – being able to almost instantaneously draw up a diverse selection of content without the limitations of physical archives – obscures the user’s role in curating the very archive they are using. While YouTube is ostensibly a decentralized archive with no gatekeepers, this is at odds with the role of corporations in policing its content. Moreover, one does not simply watch a video on YouTube; the complex sets of texts that adhere to a video on the webpage - from the title to the comments, and from the view count to the recommended videos scroll – promote a mode of reading the page as a multimodal text. Performance poetry emulates its original, embodied live dynamics on the multimodal webpage. However, while these poets may be able to reach a larger audience on a more egalitarian, intimate and collaborative level, the inevitable cost is the commodification of this very authenticity in viral video advertising.