Audience Participation Research Articles

DISSEMINATION OF FAKE AND INCORRECT INFORMATION ON SOCIAL NETWORKS

The article discusses disseminating fake and inaccurate information on various social media platforms. The authors examine the emergence and evolution of the term "fake". In recent years, there has been a shift in content consumption on social media and an expansion of audience participation in its production and dissemination. The research aims to identify verification algorithms and sociometric indicators of fake and inaccurate information by analyzing sources of their dissemination and assessing their impact on society. The scientific novelty and significance of the work are not just theoretical, but also have practical implications. The study focuses on dealing with inaccurate information on popular social media platforms in Kazakhstan, such as Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. The inclusion of misinformation and fakes in the political, economic, and social agenda underscores the relevance of research in this area. The work's practical significance lies in its potential use for training media trainers, media representatives working in fact-checking systems and journalism students. This application of the research can empower these individuals to combat fake news effectively. The conclusion highlights that the development of electronic technologies and the emergence of new media platforms have not only led to new strategies for creating and delivering content , but also to the dissemination of inaccurate information. This has fundamentally changed the tactics of information consumption, with the audience now playing a crucial role in content production and dissemination. This realization should make us all more aware of our responsibility in sharing accurate information. Kazakhstanis are subjected to attacks of blatant lies and disinformation, as well as fabricated or semi-true news on popular platforms, which can spread widely in the digital age with immeasurable consequences. The obtained results show that evaluating sources and verifying news content minimizes the impact of fake news and mitigates its influence. The research findings can be used to improve the level of information literacy among the population of Kazakhstan.

Redefining Audience Participation: The Immersive Interaction in “Wolf and Spices VR” and the Enlightenment of Journalism and Communication

Redefining Audience Participation: The Immersive Interaction in “Wolf and Spices VR” and the Enlightenment of Journalism and Communication

The Museum as a Catalyst of Community. Case Study: The Exhibition Imagining Futures: Urban Comics From Artivistory Collective at the Art Museum in Cluj-Napoca

The Museum as a Catalyst of Community. Case Study: The Exhibition Imagining Futures: Urban Comics from ArtiViStory Collective at the Art Museum in Cluj-Napoca. The present article aims at illustrating the role of the contemporary museum as a conscious central stakeholder that strengthens the community and connects in the era of participatory culture with different types of audiences. Built in two parts, the article points out the main concepts of the new museum philosophy as explored in the expertise in the field and brings on a case study that focuses on the analysis of the cultural mediation program built for an original thematic exhibition, centered around the exploration of the urban future and having as its conceptual stake to draw the viewer into a process of reflection on the different ways of perceiving the surrounding society. Understanding social issues, remembering the past, exploring the ecosystem, acting on change and imagining futures are the invisible problems launched for debate through the creative laboratory of the members of the ArtiViStory Collective whose artworks could be explored within the exhibition. Their visual narratives, gathered in the various sections of the exhibition, have invited the viewers to respond to a series of questions that envisage the role of art in the community, the way we perceive the world around us, the stories that can be told about our past, the need for engaging young people into building inclusive communities or the way we can imagine our future. Through a wide variety of formulas for exploiting the potential of the graphic imaginary (visual documentaries, comic strips, animations, sequential illustrations), the exhibition offers an overview of this space of creative investigation of the urban imaginary and social identity, rendering sequential art not only as a tool of representation but as a catalyst for activating the collective imagination, which can serve to coagulate the common interests of the community. At the same time, the cultural mediation program conceived for the exhibition is an important component that creates engagement and participation of young audiences in a discourse on the future of our community. Keywords: urban comics, participative art, museum education, cultural mediation

Virtualizacija performativne umjetnosti u doba socijalnog distanciranja / Virtualisation of Performative Arts During the Times of Social Distancing

The times of social distancing and movement restrictions caused by Covid-19 have been marked by significant changes in all aspects of life. Due to preventive pandemic measures direct access of audiences to cultural institutions was unabled and performative arts moved to an online, virtual environment physicaly distancing performers from the audience. In this paper, we discuss adaptations that took place in the domain of culture and arts offering a virtual, technologically mediated experience, deprived from some dimensions of senses, emotional engagement, interaction and communication in vivo. Our research, therefore aims to inform on audiances’ aesthetic experience which was on the one hand devoided of bodily, situated performances, or on the other hand taking place with reduced number of spectators in an open space sites during the social distancing times. Key issues we focus on are transformations of performing arts in terms of audience participation and similar kinds of modifications that were not merely an answer to a current crisis, but a shift towards the new hybrid models of digital culture overcoming classic conceptual oppositions such as real-virtual, individual-collective and mass-elite. Our insights on performative arts and new media spheres hybridisation process as well as audiences’ altered position during social distancing times are based on literature in the field of sociology of culture and arts, esthetics and mediology.

INTRODUCTION

Articles in this special issue put the audience in the forefront of examining new communication platforms, narrative structures, as well as new challenges to the freedom of expression and audience participation in public and political life, such as the war in Ukraine, widespread misinformation and conspiracy theories. The new communication technologies have fundamentally changed how we communicate and connect with each other from the interpersonal level to the mass level. In seeking information, entertainment, diversion, socialization, and expression, people turn to diversified communication platforms and channels. Individual media repertoires have become so complex, fluent, and unpredictable that academic research is constantly struggling to keep up with emerging trends. On the one hand, new media and new ways of using existing media constantly emerge, while scholars strive to understand it. On the other hand, diverse malicious phenomena appear, limiting possibilities for expressing thoughts, emotions, attitudes, as well as participating in public and civic life. Articles in this special issue examine how we use new media and address disinformation on the Internet and in traditional media. In the first article, Ivana Stamenković and Marta Mitrović examine how young people in Serbia use TikTok, the fastest growing social media platform today. The authors apply uses and gratification theory and explore which motivations drive TikTok uses, including the needs for information, building personal identity, integration and social interaction, entertainment, and self-expression. According to their results, TikTok is a relevant source of information for the students from the south of Serbia, especially about hobbies. Students commonly join TikTok to learn about the activities of other people and gratify needs for relaxation and filling spare time. Most students are not active content contributors on TikTok but rather behave like traditional TV viewers.

SCNAT Ethics Series on Recognizing and Overcoming Bias

The Ethics Series is a workshop tour on the wide-ranging topic of ethics in chemistry organized on a regular basis by the Platform Chemistry of the Swiss Academy of Sciences (SCNAT). The Ethics Series addresses all researchers in chemistry and has the aim to sensitize the audience for timely topics on issues such as the previously addressed topics of scientific integrity, social responsibility or overselling in publications. Internationally renowned speakers are invited to give a series of lectures at Swiss universities and federal institutes of technology, jointly with local speakers. The format is similar to the "world café" style: short introductory lectures, break-out sessions to discuss specific topics, reports to the plenary followed by a discussion with audience participation. This year’s topic was on Recognizing and Overcoming Bias and took place from June 7 – June 9, 2023. Prof. Lee Penn and local panellists discussed a variety of questions arising around bias.

Study on the Emotional Impact of Network Broadcast on Young Audience

As an interactive form of real-time transmission of audio and video content through an online platform, online live broadcast connects viewers and hosts in a virtual social space. This study explores the emotional impact and actionable nature of online live streaming on young viewers. The results show that audience participation in online live broadcasts is based on love, admiration and dependence on the host, and they gain emotional comfort and catharsis through watching and interacting. Anchors use a variety of strategies to create and guide the audience's emotional experience, and obtain the audience's emotional investment and rewards. Online live broadcast communities are formed from the gathering of common interests and emotions, providing viewers with emotional companionship and a sense of identity. Although online live broadcast communities can meet the emotional needs of lonely moments, they cannot completely replace the emotional experience in real life, and their emotional connections are limited. Therefore, it is recommended to further study and standardize online live broadcast behavior to better understand and utilize the online live broadcast community and provide a more meaningful emotional experience. This research has important reference value for theory and practice in related fields, and promotes the development and innovation in the field of online live broadcasting.

“Killed for the abominable crime of sodomy”: building legitimacy with public executions of sexual and gender minorities in the Islamic state

ABSTRACT The Islamic State, IS, is known for extreme violence and publishing and distributing extreme violent material online. IS’s public executions have previously been researched in the context of state legitimacy building, but this research has mostly focused on Western and/or foreign victims, leaving out other demographic groups, like local sexual and gender minorities, and what role their murders play in building IS’s legitimacy. This research analyses IS’s violence against sexual and gender minorities and how this violence helped build IS’s legitimacy regionally and internationally. To analyse a quasi-state actor with legitimacy aspirations, I develop a theoretical framework using Michel Foucault’s paradigms of sovereign, disciplinary and biopolitical power. Utilising visual and audio-visual material from 18 different executions of victims accused of homosexuality, I argue that the persecution and murders of sexual and gender minorities build IS’s legitimacy on two levels: the local and the international. Furthermore, the “Us vs. Them” dichotomy typical for terrorist organisations is also formed in these executions and becomes present on these two levels. The research demonstrates that the participation of audience, whether present or witnessing the executions online later, is at the heart of the rationality of power in these executions.

S22: Social Connectedness, Ageing and Mental Health in Doctors

Being a doctor is tough, especially in a post-pandemic world. Never has the field of doctors’ health been so stretched by need. Senior doctors, and medical leaders in particular, have been particularly taxed, as have their families. Unpacking some of the insights gleaned about medical leadership and wisdom in medicine, and conversely when this is lacking, is important for the sake of patients and doctors alike. In this symposium we will address new perspectives in doctors’ health tailored to this new healthcare world. Topics include: (i) Systemic interventions to support senior medical leadership; (ii) Wisdom in medicine; (iii) The dysfunctional or disruptive physician in healthcare; (iv) Senior doctors and their families; (v) Medical retirement in a post-pandemic world. Strong audience participation will be encouraged in this symposium.

What can we learn from University students’ experiences of online learning during COVID?

This panel brings together a research team from five different universities in Aotearoa New Zealand who have collaborated since 2020 on a project exploring university students’ experiences of online learning during COVID-19. The multiple method project has yielded several co-authored publications. The symposium, led by each member of the project team, draws on our research to engage the audience with key provocations. Sharing brief insights from the research project, paying particular attention to people, partnerships and pedagogies, we aim to generate discussion of key learning stemming from diverse student experiences, with consideration to how these may inform responsive and sustainable strategies for teaching and online learning for the future. It is anticipated that audience participants will reflect and contribute diverse perspectives giving rise to new understandings in relation to the experiences of diverse people, research partnerships, and the theory and practice of online learning.

Academic seminars as tool for clinical and translational science education and dissemination: Perceptions and priorities in the COVID-19 era.

Academic seminars are an important venue through which investigators in health services research (HSR) and other clinical and translational science disciplines can share their work, gather feedback, and connect with colleagues. However, the format and focus of these seminars shifted abruptly when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic necessitated social distancing and underscored the salience of health equity. Little is known about how contemporary academic seminars are meeting the evolving needs of the HSR community. We surveyed 2021-2022 participants in a virtual HSR seminar series to understand experiences of and priorities for the seminars. We also compared results stratified by self-reported under-represented minority (URM) status. Of 45 respondents (including 26 faculty members, 8 trainees, 9 staff members, and 2 community partners), 38% self-identified as URM. Participants reported high satisfaction with seminar quality, diversity of topics, and audience participation (median ≥4 for all outcomes in Likert-scaled items where 5 = very satisfied). Knowledge acquisition, understanding of research methods, and collaboration were commonly cited as benefits of seminar attendance. Implementation science content and external collaboration were most often endorsed as priorities for future seminars. URM participants were over three times more likely than non-URM participants to cite learning about engaging community stakeholders and historically excluded populations as a benefit of seminar participation. Virtual academic seminars can be an effective modality for knowledge sharing and collaboration worth continuing after COVID-19 restrictions are lifted. Emphasizing equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) values in these seminars may hold potential for advancing academic departments' own EDI goals.

Hack the Show: Design and Analysis of Three Interaction Modes for Audience Participation

Hack the Show: Design and Analysis of Three Interaction Modes for Audience Participation

The Impact of Sports Sponsorship on Brand Value in Major Sports Events -- The Case of Qatar World Cup

Sports sponsorship has steadily risen to the top of the list of marketing strategies used by companies, particularly sports and fashion brands. The most recent significant sporting event to draw a record-breaking number of spectators and attention is the 2022 World Cup in Qatar. The main sponsors of the event have also attracted public attention. A study on the sports sponsorship of the Qatar World Cup can, on the one hand, examine more important factors, evaluate its marketing effectiveness, and offer examples for sponsor brands. On the other hand, it can also offer rationalization suggestions for the event organizers and sponsors to improve their sponsorship effectiveness and brand value, further promoting the joint development of both parties as well as the development of the sports industry and sponsor brands. The research perspective and theories around sponsorship marketing are further enhanced by this study. This study has sequentially suggested three elements in sponsorship activities that may affect the value of sponsoring brands, including audience involvement, media publicity, and co-sponsorship, using primarily quantitative analysis. Consumer audience participation, the success of media publicity, and the perception of co-sponsorship are all significant elements that have an impact on the brand value of sponsors in the modern sports sponsorship environment. This paper takes sports event consumers as the investigation target, builds a research model based on theoretical research and literature studies, and proposes research hypotheses in order to clarify the mechanism of audience involvement, media publicity, and co-sponsorship on the brand value of sponsors. In order to carefully study and develop conclusions on the effects of sponsoring significant athletic events on sponsor brand value in several dimensions, data were collected widely through surveys and analyzed using SPSS. Media publicity had a significant positive impact on brand value, and co-sponsorship and audience involvement had an indirect impact on brand value. It was discovered that the better the sponsorship image, the greater the impact on audience involvement and co-sponsorship, and the greater the impact on brand value. Finally, the paper offers pertinent countermeasures for brands to perform sponsorship activities and create brand value, in order to encourage the development of sports event sponsorship, based on the research findings and the present state of sports sponsorship.

Explanatory Journalism within European Fact Checking Platforms: An Ally against Disinformation in the Post-COVID-19 Era

In the post-COVID era, explanatory journalism is undergoing a resurgence that can be attributed to the proliferation of false content disseminated via social networks and the maturation of fact checking initiatives. Fact checkers are beginning to delve into those topics that are recurrent targets of disinformation to make complex issues accessible to the public. This study investigates the characteristics and methodologies of contemporary explanatory journalism by analysing four European verification platforms (Newtral in Spain, Les Décodeurs in France, FACTA.news in Italy and The Journal FactCheck unit in Ireland). We employed content analysis of a corpus of explainers and semi-structured interviews with the managers of these outlets. Our findings reveal that explainers encompass a wide range of topics, typically revolving around current affairs. These pieces are usually authored by fact checkers and published, with bylines, within dedicated sections that encourage audience participation. Explainers do not adhere to a fixed periodicity or length and adopt a format similar to feature articles, displaying a degree of flexibility. They leverage data provided by experts and official sources and employ visual elements to convey information clearly. The interviewed managers concur that explanatory journalism represents an invaluable tool in combatting disinformation and has a promising future ahead.

Application of Technology and Digital Innovation in European Arts and Cultural Management

The application of technology and digital innovation in European arts and cultural management has had a profound impact on various aspects of the cultural sector. The application of technology and digital innovation in arts and cultural management reflects the region’s commitment to preserving its rich cultural heritage while also embracing modern methods to engage with a contemporary audience. It has opened up new avenues for cultural expression, audience participation, and the sustainable management of cultural resources.

6.M. Workshop: Private equity investment in Europe’s primary care sector

Abstract This workshop explores the growing role of private equity funds in Europe's primary care sector. Based on a rapid response report of the European Observatory on Health Systems to the French National Health Insurance Fund (Caisse nationale de l’assurance maladie, CNAM), it offers a platform for sharing examples from across Europe, facilitating cross-country learning through country presentations and audience participation. Private equity investments in Europe’ health sector have increased exponentially in recent years, including in primary care, but this trend has so far received very little attention. This is surprising, as this development has the potential to change the healthcare landscape in Europe dramatically. The short investment and resale horizon of private equity funds and the emergence of practice chains and monopolistic structures are of particular concern. Ultimately, the growing private equity involvement in Europe's primary care sector could undermine equitable access to health care, reduce physicians’ autonomy, affect local or regional cooperation, erode data protection and raise health care costs. However, private equity investments may also be associated with benefits, such as providing needed capital or enabling employment for young physicians who want to work part-time or do not want to run a practice as entrepreneur. So far, there is little transparent information on ownership structures and very little research on the impact of private equity investments on outcomes, such as equity, access and quality of care. This workshop aims to provide a snapshot of trends in Europe and to inform current debates on how regulators should best respond. It provides an overview of the situation in four European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland and Sweden) and of policy responses so far. The workshop will provide opportunity for the audience to comment on and discuss the country presentations, share experience in their own countries, and consider policy options in Europe to improve transparency on ownership structures and ensure the interests of patients, the public, and health workers are protected. The workshop will be of interest to researchers, practitioners and policy-makers working on primary care in Europe. Key messages • The workshop provides a forum for discussing the growing role of private equity investment in Europe's primary care sector. • It explores regulatory options to safeguard the interests of patients, health workers and the public.

11.H. Round table: Moving the agenda forward on the Commercial Determinants of Health

Abstract Commercial actors play a vital role in society, yet there is growing evidence that they are responsible for escalating levels of avoidable ill health, planetary damage and social and health inequity. These problems are increasingly referred to as the ‘commercial determinants of health’ (CDOH). A recent Lancet Series on CDOH brought together a global intergenerational and multidisciplinary team of researchers and thought leaders to help consolidate thinking around the CDOH. It defined the CDOH as “the systems, practices and pathways through which commercial actors drive health and equity”. This workshop brings together one of the three lead authors from the CDOH Lancet series, with leading members of the civil society and intergovernmental organisations (including the WHO CDOH Lead and WHO European lead for NCDs) to discuss and engage with the audience on this complex and urgent issue. By bringing together these experts, this workshop explores the role that different agencies can play in tackling the CDOH. The workshop will consist of a presentation based on the lessons from the Lancet Series on Commercial Determinants of Health followed by a panel discussion among participants enabled by the workshop chair who will encourage audience discussion and participation. Discussants will be asked to comment on challenges and considerations for addressing CDOH in the WHO European Region, the role of civil society in the EU policy making context and the way forward in a global agenda. By convening these experts, the workshop aims to engage the audience in a discussion that builds their understanding of the CDOH and what they can do to respond to this problem. While much of the Lancet series is quite conceptual in its approach to CDOH, this workshop supports the public health community to move beyond simply understanding the systematic nature of the CDOH. In particular, the workshop aims to support researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to collaboratively develop possible solutions to CDOH and practical next steps to drive the CDOH agenda forward in the European Region. We recognise that this is a large amount of content to discuss in this workshop; however, we see this workshop (and the lancet CDOH series) as initiating a larger and ongoing conversation within the public health community. Key messages • CDOH is a complex and systematic issue that is hurting the health of people in Europe with low awareness of how they manifest and impact public health issues. • Despite the complexity of CDOH, there are practical measures that the public health community can implement at local, national, regional, and global level to tackle them. Speakers/Panelists Anna Gilmore University of Bath, Bath, UK Gauden Galea WHO, Beijing, China Monika Kosinska WHO, Guildford, UK Florence Berteletti EuroCare, Brussels, Belgium

The Energy Field of Museum Spatial Narrative: A Case Study of Hunan Provincial Museum in China

Museum space narrative continues to develop today. The exhibition is not only a means of display but also a means of narrative. Paying attention to the narrative means we must pay attention to the energy "field" of the spatial narrative. In the spatial field, an object with some internal force exerts a force on the object it is not touching, and the latter responds to that force, and the two interact and form an energy field. This also means the spatial narrative design must establish a more diverse relationship between exhibits. Exhibits must be appropriately combined according to the narrative logic, and the relationship between exhibits and space, exhibits, and audience must also become more dynamic, flexible, and dramatic. Currently, there is little research on the energy "field" in the narrative design of museum spaces. In the past, the monotonous experience of a museum has been that each space is neat and uniform, which can easily lead to aesthetic fatigue. The relatively simple narrative form of the museum leads to the problem of low audience experience and participation. It cannot meet modern people's museum experience and spiritual pursuit needs. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the representation of its energy field by using the theory of spatial narrative, and especially to explore how the concept of "field" can be used to explore the relationship between space and the narrative of Hunan Provincial Museum. This study adopts the method of field investigation, and the exhibition of the Mawangdui Han Tomb in the Hunan Provincial Museum is the focus of the study. Documenting the components of the energy field: exhibits, exhibition Spaces, and narratives. The analysis results show that the museum is the place of spatial narrative, and the space is both the coordinator and the result of the generation of the exhibition structure, which gathers scattered energy together to build a complete energy field. Paying attention to the display of the energy field can improve the audience's experience and participation, which proves to be beneficial to the long-term development of the museum.

Illusions of Participation in Kenya’s Contemporary Television Broadcastscape

Discourses on active and meaningful participation and inclusion in social and cultural spaces in Kenya are not just of significant scholarly and intellectual value, they are germane in the rebuilding and democratisation of a Kenyan nation-state in the post-2007 election violence that exposed deep and historical “ethnic” fragmentations. I argue that although several contemporary television broadcasters in Kenya continue to create a perception of increasing and robust audience participation in televised content, significant forms of current participation on Kenyan television broadcasts are illusionary and futile as they largely entrench television’s power among media elites. I propose that these forms of participation, which continue to marginalise ordinary people and gate-keep everyday events, are passive and minimalist. Anchoring my conceptual discourses on convergence culture and debates on self-representation, and through a critical textual analysis of prime-time television content sampled from four television broadcasters in Kenya, I conclude that the Kenyan television broadcastscape still extensively manifests traditional approaches of “old media.” Kenyan citizenry is afforded token and peripheral participation in contemporary television workflows in which content is still largely, and in many cases almost exclusively, conceived, shaped, distributed and controlled by media elites—bodies whom they consequently largely benefit.

We Speak the Truth: Rhetoric, Epistemology, and Audience Participation in John 3:1–21

This article explores the conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus in John 3:1–21, highlighting the ways omissions, multivalency, and intratextual and intertextual links invite audience participation and encourage listeners to see themselves as re-generated children of God. In this way, persuaded audiences assent not just to the content of the Gospel, but to its epistemology—how it instructs them to receive and seek truth. As classical and contemporary rhetorical theories indicate, when audiences participate to create the world of the Gospel, they are more likely to be persuaded by it and to use it to craft the reality in which they live.