Business Attitudes Research Articles

GLOBAL EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN FORMING INNOVATIVE MECHANISMS OF GREEN ECONOMIC GROWTH

The article examines the international experience of developing countries in creating and implementing innovative mechanisms to achieve green economic growth. The necessity of implementing such mechanisms to ensure sustainable economic development is substantiated. It is argued that innovative approaches are key to preserving the ecological balance and improving the well-being of the population. It was established that the effective use of natural resources requires the integration of environmental and economic strategies. Based on the set goal, various models and practices of green growth applied in developing countries are considered. Successful examples are studied and found that their adaptation can contribute to global sustainable development. Further perspectives of research should be aimed at studying the possibilities of scaling and optimization of these innovative mechanisms in the context of global challenges. It was determined that each country has its own characteristics due to the level of development of the country, its geographical location, the presence of natural resources and the specifics of the concepts, models and development tools used, which correspond to national priorities and accumulated experience, and therefore the transition to a "green" economy for different states will take place under different scenarios. It illustrates the benefits and challenges of implementing green innovation for developing countries using the example of China and its chart of China's key industrial strategies for green manufacturing. During the research of this topic, it was found that the consistent and effective implementation of the principles of "green" investment, as well as "green" development in general, is possible only in a regulatory environment, transparent and fair, developed in accordance with the principle of the rule of law, with independent courts procedures, with the participation of independent market regulators acting in accordance with national interests, respecting the rights of investors and consumers. On the other hand, for their principles of implementation a vital role is played by socially responsible business behavior, one of the key indicators of which is the attitude of business to environmental issues, the efficiency of resource use and energy efficiency, and the disclosure of socially significant non-financial information. It is noted that in Ukraine climate and investment policies function separately from each other, and sometimes their goals are mutually contradictory, which prevents or slows down investments in the development of "green" infrastructure.

A Study based on Agricultural Marketing Strategies

Agriculture is the core part of Indian traditional practice. India is a country of diverse culture and Nature; verities of crops and fruits are grown in different parts of the country. The gift of Nature and the efficiency and business attitudes blend with agriculture open a new preface. ’Agro-based product businesses. Agro based product business can viable and truly possible where Nature supports. In case of India, the God gifted nature, diversified land form, water resources all are eventually support the agriculture and majority of population spend their livelihood by farming. Agro based business indicates the commercialization of agriculture in a systematic meaningful way. The farmers sell some commercial crops to some business house and the business house process the agricultural raw material as per the industry need. Rural people are highly associated with cultivation for their livelihood, but they are not getting high economic benefits from farming. This paper will highlight the need of proper agricultural marketing. This research paper will focus on the marketing strategies of agr0-based products. This paper will highlight the significance of efficient marketing strategies in agro based products to capture the market and gaining profit from market. (Key words: Agriculture, marketing strategies, digital, agricultural product)

Symmetric and Asymmetric Effects of Attitude and Satisfaction on Sustainable Business Growth

Microfinance plays a crucial role in fostering economic development, especially in underserved and impoverished communities. Using stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, the study investigates how microfinance, cost of loan, and individual funding and support affect borrowers' business attitudes and sustainable business growth, as well as the impact of satisfaction with these sources. The study collected 845 data points from the Khulan division of Bangladesh using a convenient sampling technique and analyzed them with Smrt Pls 4 and fsQCA 3 software. The results indicated that microfinance, cost of loan individual finding, and support significantly affect borrowers’ business attitudes which in turn has a positive effect on sustainable business growth. The findings further show that apart from the relationship between microbusiness and business attitudes, business satisfaction does not moderate the relationships between cost of loan and business satisfaction as well as individual finding and support and business satisfaction. The study suggests insightful recommendations for academics, MFIs, and policymakers for poverty reduction through ensuring sustainable business conducted by microfinance. This study introduces two new concepts i.e., individual funding and support and business satisfaction as well as a new theory i.e., SOR in microfinance research, extending the theory's applicability, and research scope, and providing new suggestions for further research.

UNVEILING ENTREPRENEURIAL ABILITY AMONG GIRL STUDENTS IN AGRICULTURE FACULTY

Empowering future leaders, the Agriculture Faculty ignites entrepreneurial spirit among its female students, fostering innovation and growth in agricultural ventures. The study is conducted in 10 Agriculture Colleges of four State Agricultural Universities of Gujarat with 300 respondents to find out the entrepreneurial ability of girls. Entrepreneurial ability refers to the skills, mindset, and capacity individuals possess to recognize opportunities, take calculated risks, and innovate to create and manage successful ventures or initiatives. It involves traits such as creativity, resilience, leadership, and strategic thinking, essential for navigating the challenges and uncertainties of entrepreneurship. The study revealed that more than two third (58.68 per cent) of the respondents were observed with medium level of entrepreneurial ability in youth farmers. There are positive association of entrepreneurial ability of the girl students with their type of family, parents' education, family land holding, family occupation, mass media exposure, relative owning business attitude towards agricultural entrepreneurship.

Three-way decision TOPSIS for food business location under a benefit-opportunity-cost-risk platform

This work holistically evaluates the factors that can aid decision makers in finding the optimal location for food businesses in developing economies. It integrates the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in determining criteria weights (i.e. benefit, opportunity, cost, risk) and the newly introduced three-way decision – Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (3WD-TOPSIS) method in identifying the priority factors. Applying the AHP yields the assignment of more priorities to benefits and opportunities rather than costs and risks, reflecting the benefit – or opportunity-oriented attitudes of food businesses. Meanwhile, the implementation of 3WD-TOPSIS results in the identification of government regulations and restrictions, proximity to consumers, parking capacity, supply chain strategy, and socio-economic status as the most crucial location decision factors. Findings from the comparative analyses show a high agreement between the results and those of other comparable methods. Managerial insights from these findings are outlined in this work.

A STUDY ON MARUTI SUZUKI COMPANY FINANCIAL REVIEW

Every business organization, whether manufacturing oriented or service oriented, needs finance, i.e., money for carrying on its activities. Though business organization gets sufficient money for carrying its activities, success of the business depends on how well the organization manages them. That is, its depends on how well a business organization funds its capital and how efficiently it operates out of the invested capital to generate profit. While the success of the of a business also a subjective measure how well a firm can finance its assets and make use of the assetsto generate revenues, the business can be stable and healthy if it is financial performance consistently yields profit. These measures often determine whether or notthat level of performance is considered adequate. Further, a business organization is considered to be inefficient, if the performance level is often found to be low, even if itis making profit. Financial management is that part of management which deals with raising of funds in the most economical and suitable manner, using the funds as profitability as possible, planning future operations, inspections, controlling current performance and future development through financial accounting and other means. No business can plan its activities without considering its financial resources The business functions ofa finance department typically include planning, organizing, accounting andcontrolling the company’s finance and to ensure intensive and economic use of capitalresources of the organization. Since business firms are profit seeking organizations, their functions are to maximize the company’s wealth. Asset management, costing, budgeting, credit management, debit management are the other functions of the finance department. Finance in essence is considered with the acquisition and use of funds by a business firm. The main objective of financial management is to control required funds for meeting short term and long-term needs of business enterprise and to maximize the value of firm to its equity share holders.To have a clear understanding of the profitability and financial position ofbusiness, the financial statements have to be analyzed and interpreted. Financial Title: Suzuki cars

Informal Business Practices: Some Early Evidence

The paper introduces a new management theory, “Informal Business Practices” (IBP), focusing on micro-level business practices that are informal, illegal, unregulated, or unethical. Evidence for IBP is found in general literature on taxes, shadow economies, corporate governance, accounting, and human resource management. It also references the World Bank’s ‘doing business’ indicators and enterprise surveys, further confirmed by a small survey among retired managers in emerging markets. This led to formulating an economic theory of IBP focused on minimizing business costs and a behavioral theory linking IBP to business attitudes and behaviors.
 In 2022, a field study in Uganda used over 80 Likert variables for a survey among 18 SMEs to determine the economic drivers of formality and establish the “formality gap” with full regulatory and legal compliance. Insights were verified through semi-structured interviews with business managers/owners, providing further evidence for the economic and behavioral theories of IBP. The paper concludes that this preliminary result justifies more extensive research into the concept of IBP.

Corporate Social Responsibility

The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gained increased significance in recent years. The growing focus on CSR has changed the attitude of businesses all over the world, and India is not an exception. The concept of CSR is not new to India; historically speaking, social responsibility of companies is a well-established phenomenon in India, and the country has one of the world's richest traditions of CSR. In its oldest forms, CSR in India included the concept of corporate philanthropy and the Gandhian Trusteeship model. But the liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s led to a fundamental shift from the philanthropy-based model to a multi stakeholder approach whereby companies are deemed responsible for all stakeholders, including financial stakeholders, employees and the community. The liberalization of the economy also led to the increased presence of large global corporations such as Microsoft, IBM, and others on Indian soil, which thereby exposed India to a highly developed regime of CSR initiatives. Additionally, a strong desire to compete and succeed in the global economy drove Indian business enterprises to integrate CSR into a coherent and sustainable business strategy. These enterprises, both public and private, have realized that their long-term success depends on the satisfaction of their stakeholders, and that ignoring them could jeopardize the company's future prospects in the community. This article discusses the concept of CSR as understood by Indian businesses in the past, and the changing interpretations of the concept in the age of globalization and expanding markets. The article further discusses the efforts toward community and social development made by both state-owned enterprises (SoEs) and private-sector businesses. After a detailed analysis, the article concludes that the future of CSR in India is brought, and that its importance will continue to grow even further given the increasing importance accorded to CSR world-wide, and India's own realization that it needs CSR to achieve long-term sustainability in the world economy.

MARKETING ASSIMILATION TACTICS OF THE FIRM TO THE CONSUMERS’ BEHAVIORAL CHANGES FOR PROFIT MAXIMIZATION AND THE MORAL ANTAGONISM OF SUCH COMPANY’S DECISIONS

This article delivers a comprehensive study of marketing instruments used amongst morally compromised industries like alcohol production. Further it describes adverse effects of obesity and alcohol altogether. This article works with fundamental life building constructs such as a choice of life through increased sales in the firm of fattening and silently killing products (i. e. alcohol) over creating a false concepts of acceptance of fat people for whom they are (obese and fat people are being called socially acceptable group of reasonable individuals and somewhere even being idolized for their bravery to accept their fat bodies and being able even to openly present it to public in social media). This article will provide an insight towards creating a bond in between customer and a company. Overall study shows a need towards healthy business attitude and usage of honest marketing instruments.

The Ukrainian language in the business environment after the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine

The full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine that started on February 24, 2022, has caused changes in the cultural, religious, and language areas. Since then, more and more Ukrainian citizens decided to switch to Ukrainian recognizing Russian as the language of the enemy. The study aims to investigate how the full-scale intervention has determined the language attitude, language shift, and language behaviour of Ukrainian businesses and businesspersons. The research data used for analysis includes both written and video interviews with business owners and CEOs of the companies as well as their posts on social media, namely Telegram, Facebook, and Twitter. The stories of Oleh Horokhovs’kyi, Nataliia Jemchenko, Volodymyr Popereshniuk, Vjacheslav Klymov, Oleksii Vadaturskyi, Valeriia Guzema, etc. and their business as well as position of the Ukrainian banks and official institutions form the core of the study. This material has been chosen since it represents demonstrative samples of businesspersons’ language practices and their reflections on the language situation in Ukraine, the role of the language in national building, sovereignty, and national security. The business representatives clarify their language choices and explain how it has influenced identity construction, as well as developing their linguistic personality. Moreover, the change in the status of the Russian language and its role in Ukraine and the Ukrainian business environment has been investigated. The analysis reveals that the concepts of language behaviour, language choice, and language attitude describe the language situation studied during the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. Keywords: language situation, language behaviour, Ukrainian language, Russian language, language shift.

Resolution of investment conflicts between the state and foreign companies in the context of crisis prevention

Currently, there are no conditions in Ukraine to ensure a high-quality business climate that would guarantee the security of investments. In the past, this has already led to conflict situations, which has resulted in a number of cases being brought against the state. The purpose of the study is to investigate the mechanism of resolving investment conflicts between the state and foreign companies. For this task, such methods as formal legal, dogmatic, legal hermeneutics, logical analysis, deduction, induction, and others were used. In the course of the study, an analysis of the international doctrine that regulates the provisions for resolving investment disputes, namely, the Washington Convention and the Seoul Convention, was carried out. It is determined that the number of foreign direct investments in Ukraine from 2012 to 2023 significantly decreased, and the investment attractiveness index reached a critically low value over the years, which indicates a negative attitude of business to current conditions. It is indicated that as a result, 15 proceedings were initiated at the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. It is revealed that in these cases, violations such as failure to provide equal and fair treatment are most often reported. Based on this, the need to improve the investment climate in Ukraine is determined. It is proposed to reduce the cost of access to the protection system for small and medium-sized enterprises; reduce the time for dispute resolution; and ensure the consistency and accuracy of arbitration decisions. The practical value of the results obtained is that the implementation of the recommendations provided will help to attract foreign investment necessary for the recovery and development of the country’s economy, and will also eliminate the problematic factors that lead to the opening of proceedings against the state

Business’ Attitudes Towards Corruption in Selected Central European Countries

Purpose: Corruption is perceived as a widespread problem throughout the world, including in Central European countries. In terms of corruption, these countries still lag behind the leading EU countries (as indicated by the 2023 Worldwide Governance Indicators). As corruption itself is very difficult to measure, the perception of corruption is often used as a proxy. The aim of this paper is to analyse attitudes towards corruption in selected Central European countries and to draw conclusions on the factors influencing these perceptions. Based on the assumption that the difference between de jure and de facto transparency matters, we selected Czechia, Hungary, and Poland as countries with small differences between these two dimensions of transparency, and Croatia, Slovakia, and Slovenia as countries with large differences.Design/Methodology/Approach: Using Eurobarometer data, we applied logistic regression to analyse attitudes towards corruption in the two groups of countries distinguished by differences in de jure and de facto transparency. Each group, consisting of three Central European countries, was used to create a model, i.e., Model 1 and Model 2, with a total number of observations of 901 and 902, respectively. Both models displayed adequate fit indices and enabled predictions that allowed us to draw conclusions. All respondents were business representatives with decision-making responsibilities in their companies, ensuring that the results reflect company perceptions rather than those of the general public.Findings: Attitudes towards corruption in the countries studied are related to perceptions of patronage and nepotism in business, perceptions of corruption in public procurement, perceived links between politics and business, and attitudes towards tax rates. In the group where there is little difference between de jure and de facto transparency levels, business attitudes towards corruption are also associated with perceptions of adequacy of infrastructure and complexity of administrative procedures. In the countries where these differences are substantial, attitudes towards corruption are related to perceptions of problems arising from frequent changes in the law, problems with debt collection, and differences in views regarding the severity of bribery depending on the value of the bribe.Academic contribution to the field: This research provides a better understanding of the factors influencing the perception of corruption in Central European countries from a business perspective. In doing so, it introduces a methodology that is well-suited for the analysis of survey-collected data, especially since it allows the dependent variable to be categorical. Moreover, by using data from the Transparency Index to differentiate countries, the study has the potential to stimulate further theoretical and empirical research into the relationship between corruption and transparency. Lastly, by linking companies’ perceived problems to overall perceptions of corruption, this paper helps to identify the areas within the studied countries where pockets of corruption are most likely to exist.Originality/Value: Previous research has found that corruption tends to occur when the gap between de facto and de jure transparency is larger. This research demonstrates that the size of this gap can also be successfully used to achieve a better understanding of the factors influencing attitudes towards corruption. Therefore, this paper employs the difference between de jure and de facto transparency as a categorisation criterion to analyse the factors influencing the perception of corruption. This categorisation approach enabled the development of two separate logistic regression models with high predictive power.

New technologies in small business models: use of electric vehicles in last-mile delivery for fast-moving consumer goods

PurposeThe share of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) in e-commerce has increased, particularly after COVID-19, alongside the growing volume of e-commerce transactions. The increased number of orders necessitates the optimization of delivery operations. This situation has made using different technologies in last-mile delivery processes necessary. Currently, used electric vehicles (EVs) play a significant role in integrating these technologies into delivery operations. Adapting to new technologies emerges as a critical need for small enterprises to survive in the face of advancing technologies. In this context, the main purpose of this paper is to examine and identify attitudes of small businesses toward EVs’ usage in last-mile delivery for FMCG.Design/methodology/approachThe theoretical frameworks commonly used in studies investigating new technologies, namely the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and technology acceptance model (TAM) have been employed. The analysis of the study was conducted using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and the Smart PLS software package.FindingsWhen examining the results of the study, a significant and positive relationship was found between compatibility and enjoyment with perceived usefulness. Furthermore, a significant and positive relationship was identified between attitude toward use, perceived behavioral control and perceived usefulness. Ultimately, a strong relationship was found between intention, which is a precursor to active usage and attitude. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that EVs can be actively used in last-mile delivery in the future.Originality/valueIn FMCG processes in Türkiye, EVs are limitedly used in last-mile delivery operations. However, there are very few studies on the use of EVs in FMCG. Therefore, it is expected that the current research will contribute to the literature by providing information on the factors that influence the acceptance of EV usage and their implications. The TAM and TPB models were used in the current study.

The use of modern information technologies in combating crimes against the environment

The scientific publication is dedicated to researching the possibilities of modern information technologies in combating environmental crime. In particular, individual organizational and technical problems in the context of this topic were analyzed, the best foreign practices of using innovations in the field of environmental protection were outlined, directions for the development and adaptation of information technologies in the detection and investigation of criminal offenses were determined, taking into account the specifics of Ukrainian legislation and the practice of its application, to ensure sustainable and harmonious development of the country's ecological security. Analysis of the experience of countries such as the USA, Canada, Germany, and Great Britain has proven the impact of the latest technologies on the effectiveness of detecting and countering criminal offenses against the environment. It was concluded that modern technologies, including geo-information systems, electronic accounting systems, mobile applications for the public, automated emissions tracking systems, unmanned aerial vehicles and other innovative solutions are able to ensure the transparency of enterprises' activities and the active involvement of citizens in the control process, will allow prompt response to violations , to significantly increase the effectiveness of the actions of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, in particular, in collecting evidence of illegal activities in the field of the environment. It was emphasized that taking into account the current environmental challenges in our country and the requirements for increasing the efficiency of law enforcement activities, the introduction and improvement of relevant innovative technologies in the field of environmental protection is urgent and expedient. This will not only improve the effectiveness of combating criminal offenses against the environment, but will also stimulate the appropriate attitude of business to environmental standards, while strengthening the public's trust in the actions of power structures.

Analyzing the Relationship Between Individual Time Management Skills and Business Attitude of Sports Science Students

Abstract Individual time management skills and a business approach are two fundamental abilities required for success in any life. The goal of this study is to look at the connection between the individual time management skills and business attitudes of sports science students. The quantitative, descriptive study used structural equation modelling (SEM) as its methodology. Students from Tabriz city’s physical education and sports sciences departments helped collect the data. IBM® SPSS® AmosTM 23 was used to process the results of the study for model and hypothesis testing. This findings revealed a substantial relationship between individual time management abilities and business views of 126 students. Other research hypotheses examining the relationship between the business attitude and its constituent elements were similarly supported. According to the findings, prioritizing the notion of planning in personal and business life is one of the most effective time management approaches, and students should educate themselves concerning time management and business attitude.

Assessment of Bulgarian municipalities in providing basic services and shaping the local business environment

Socio-economic processes in Bulgaria in recent decades have led to demographic collapse. This collapse is expressed in the reduction and concentration of the population in certain places. This process leads to the shrinkage of cities, with small municipalities being the most affected. Normally, after the next census, an inventory of the localities should be made in terms of the basic services they provide to the population and the implementation of territorial development policies, including forming a favorite local business ecosystem. The author's main purpose is to evaluate Bulgarian municipalities’ performance, which is the key to establishing good living conditions and a friendly business ecosystem for investment attractiveness. In this regard, the author proposes the regional investment index for municipalities’ evaluation. The present research is completed with a sociological survey on the attitudes of businesses, the population, branch organizations, and other civil structures towards the state and the functioning of municipalities in the Bulgarian state. The regional investment index applies to two Bulgarian municipalities (Balchik and Pomorie) in Bulgaria’s Black Sea region. With the help of the assessment model, the conditions and business environment in the municipalities can be measured, individual municipalities can be compared and it has practical-applied value for local authorities and citizens as well as for the state and business.

Drivers of Environmental Responsibility in Family Firms: The Role of an Environmental Manager

Despite the significant role of family firms in economies throughout the world, their academic research is relatively young. Furthermore, previous empirical studies in the field have focused on general topics, rather than examining how family firms are similar or different from other types of organisations in the decision-making process. Little is known about what drives family firms to implement environmental concerns in their strategies. Based on the above-mentioned findings, the research aims to analyse what the main drivers of environmental responsibility are in family firms in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries. The empirical study uses logistic regression that examines how selected important factors influence the adoption of strategic objectives that mention environmental or climate change issues. The study uses a data set from the World Bank Enterprise Survey 2019 and examines the attitudes of family businesses in four CEE countries (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Poland, and Estonia). The findings revealed a significant influence of the environmental manager, the customer's environmental requirements, and the energy performance standards on adopting strategic environmental objectives in family companies. We also consider the environmental manager as a key factor in terms of knowledge transfer and management of environmental responsibility in the firm. The results of this research provide a new perspective on the environmental responsibility of family businesses and explain which drivers should be considered when deciding to establish strategic objectives related to environmental issues. Managers should take these findings into account when deciding which tools to use to increase pro-environmental behaviour and implement environmental strategies.

Ключевые элементы цифровой трансформации бизнеса

In the article, based on the analysis of statistical data on the introduction of digital technologies by small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation, a trend in the sustainable development of business digitalization is revealed. During the study of the current direction of the development of the world economy, it was noted that the trend of digital transformation of enterprises is due to the need for business to adapt to new benchmarks of the economy. But despite the relevance of introducing digital technologies, experts note that more than 70% of digital projects are failures. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to determine the reasons for such an extremely high value of unsuccessful digitalization. As a result of the study, the key elements of digital transformation have been identified, the inattentive attitude to which leads to the disruption of digital progress. Thus, it is determined that the inattentive attitude of business to digital strategy, personnel, organizational structure, customers, ecosystem, technology, and innovation is the reason for the failure of digital transformation.

Can Cooperatives Change The Standard Living of Youth?

Typical of social economy employees focus on social good rather than economic gain. They prefer to work in a sector that prioritizes satisfaction and makes them feel valued. Besides that, youth prefer to work in large places that provide greater welfare for them too. So usually working in Socially oriented businesses is made the second choice or next choice by youth. Some countries have policies to engage youth in Cooperatives. Youth represent the most important group among the working-age population. But then can cooperatives enterprise, as socially-oriented businesses, can provide and change the standard of living of youth? What motivates youth to engage in the socially oriented businesses?. This article examines field data from youth employees at cooperative members in Subang and Selangor. A survey was conducted by interview, observation and documentation study. According to the findings, now day cooperatives and their networks can change standard living of youth, but not only about it, cooperative provide an expanded learning space for youth, although there is differentiation by age, education and type of cooperative. The results of this study can attract the attention of youth to choose cooperatives as a new way to motivate youth to change their standard of living through cooperatives and learn a lot about business attitudes from this socially oriented business.

Marketing Strategy with SWOT Analysis Post-Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study on Home Industries in Lombok, Indonesia

Marketing Strategy Analysis for Cassava Chips Home Industry in Sukamulia District, East Lombok. This research aimed to (1) identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by the cassava chips home industry, and (2) determine suitable alternative marketing strategies to be implemented in the cassava chips home industry in Sukamulia District, East Lombok. The analysis used in this research was based on the SWOT analysis, which was compiled into a SWOT matrix. The results of the SWOT analysis generated alternative strategies that indicated the business's position in quadrant 1, which signified growth. Therefore, the suggested alternative strategy for the company was to utilize strengths to maximize opportunities (SO strategy).