Course Of Asthma Research Articles

STUDIES OF ASTHMA CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

Every day, a practitioner is faced with the problem of patient comorbidity. Bronchial asthma is a common problem, as is metabolic syndrome. Due to the increase in allergic diseases and lifestyle changes, patients may have a combination of metabolic syndrome and bronchial asthma. This combination has been shown to aggravate the course of asthma. Therefore, we wanted to confirm or refute this with our study. The study design included 94 patients with a diagnosis of asthma. A comparative analysis of the spirographic study data revealed that patients with asthma + MetS had statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The analysis of anthropometric data revealed that patients with the highest BMI and body weight had a significantly more severe course of asthma (p<0,05), which is consistent with the data of available world studies [24, 25], and a positive correlation was found between BMI, percentage of body fat and lower percentage of body fat in patients with severe asthma (ρ=0,89, ρ=0,90, ρ=0,87; r=0,88, r=0,91, r=0,90, respectively). The data obtained indicate the need for individual management of patients with comorbidities, including MetS and asthma, to prevent severe asthma, which is associated with inadequate asthma control and poor quality of life.

Influence of intestinal permeability and endotoxinemia on the course of asthma in obese patients

Objective. To study the characteristics of asthma with a severe course in obese patients and to evaluate the relationship of the level of intestinal endotoxin (ET) and fecal zonulin with clinical, laboratory and instrumental indicators in such patients. Materials and methods. The study included 98 patients with asthma combined with obesity (group 1 – mild asthma (n = 47), group 2 – severe asthma (n = 51)) and 45 obese patients without asthma composed the comparison group. A complete standard examination and tests were conducted in all the patients. Intestinal ET, fecal zonulin, TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-4, 6, 10, 17, total IgE levels were assessed as well. The IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 application software package was used for statistical calculations. The results were considered as statistically significant at the level of p 0,05. Results. In patients of both groups, the average age of onset was 43 years. The median duration of BA characteristics was higher in patients of group 2: 14 [10; 19] years (p = 0.013). In all groups, CRPhs values increased significantly and the highest ones were in patients with severe asthma (p 0.001). Significantly lower levels of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, IL-10 (p0.001) with uncontrolled course of asthma (p = 0.008) and rare control (p = 0.009) occurred in patients of group 2. Higher levels of TNF-a, IFN-g, IL-6,17, intestinal ET, fecal zonulin were revealed in patients of group 2 (p≤0.001). The level of fecal zonulin positively correlated with the level of intestinal ET in patients of group 2 (p0.001, rs=0.813). In patients of group 2 direct correlations of the fecal zonulin and intestinal ET with BMI, WC, HC, WC/HC, lack of BA control, CRPhs, TNF-a, IL-6,17, IFN-g, LDL were established and inverse correlations were with IL-10, HDL, FEV1, AST; a negative correlation of fecal zonulin levels with FVC was also revealed. Conclusions. The obtained results allow us to speak about the existence of a clinical complex “severe asthma – obesity – intestinal endotoxemia and increased intestinal permeability” which is characterized by the predominance of pro-inflammatory markers, increased levels of intestinal ET and fecal zonulin, reduced function of external breathing.

Impact of Swimming Training on the Course and Symptoms of Bronchial Asthma and Respiratory System Function: A Literature Review

Introduction: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common inflammatory diseases among adults and children. It is characterized by the occurrence of bronchial obstruction, which is manifested, for instance, by a feeling of shortness of breath, wheezing, a feeling of tightness in the chest, a feeling of squeezing in the chest. In addition to pharmacological treatment, health behavior including sport is of great importance. In this publication, we will attempt to discuss the effects of swim training on asthma and respiratory system function. We will try to answer the question whether swimming is a safe form of exercise for patients with bronchial asthma.Material and methods: Review of the specialized literature in the field of pulmonology, guidelines for treatment of bronchial asthma and articles available on PubMed and Google Scholar database searching by the keywordsAim of the study: The aim of this publication is to review the available literature to answer the question of whether swimming training is a suitable form of exercise for asthmatic patients and what effect it has on respiratory functionConclusions: The treatment of bronchial asthma is based on the pharmacological treatment. In addition to medications, non-pharmacological methods and health behaviours are important. Appropriate physical activity for people with asthma may include swimming training, which has a beneficial effect on lung function and asthma symptoms management, especially in the paediatric population. There are studies that suggest that swimming carries a lower risk of causing bronchospasm than other sport activities, however, there are inconclusive reports on the effect of attending chlorinated swimming pools on the development of asthma and allergies. Studies on competitive and elite swimmers show that intensive swimming training, especially in chlorinated pools, can induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness and the risk of developing asthma, but this requires further research.

Stigmas of dysembryogenesis of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in bronchial asthma

Connective tissue dysplasia is a disturbance of its development during embryogenesis and the postnatal period due to genetically altered fibrillogenesis of the extracellular matrix. Undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) includes a set of phenotypic characteristics that do not fit into any already known dysplastic syndrome or phenotype. It is this pathology of connective tissue that is widespread and is constantly encountered in the practice of doctors of various profiles, serving as the basis for the formation of various chronic diseases. As for bronchial asthma (BA), it is quite natural that studies have appeared to identify the characteristics of the course of BA with connective tissue dysplasia, primarily in children. It has been shown that asthma in children associated with connective tissue dysplasia has a number of clinical features: an earlier onset of the disease, a higher incidence of concomitant diseases, and a more severe course. The features of the course of bronchial asthma associated with connective tissue dysplasia in adults have been practically not studied. Our very first results from a study of adult patients with BA showed that in patients with a mild course of the disease, up to 3 stigmas of disembryogenesis were recorded, in patients with a moderate course - from 2 to 4, and in patients with a severe course - from 1 to 8 stigmas. Correlation analysis (the data was obtained on a small material, therefore we do not consider it statistically significant) provides a distinct basis for continuing the study. Thus, negative correlations have been identified between the presence of stigmas (myopia, dolichostenomelia, joint hypermobility, wide atrophic scars, varicose veins) and such an important characteristic of the disease as its controllability.

Levels of female sex hormones in patients with premenstrual bronchial asthma

According to the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2021, at least 348 million patients worldwide suffer from bronchial asthma (BA). The treatment of patients with BA has objective difficulties due to the progression of obstruction and insufficient diagnosis of pathogenetic forms of BA. It is known that in women, hormonal status, namely female sex hormones such as estradiol and progesterone, contributes to the course and development of BA. This article presents an original clinical study of 48 patients suffering from mild to moderate asthma with a regular menstrual cycle, and the relationship between the increase in symptoms of asthma and the phase of the menstrual cycle is estimated. According to the results of the study, all patients were divided into groups with regular asthma (RA) and premenstrual asthma (PMA). A significant increase in the level of estradiol was obtained (934.50 (405.00; 1010.25) pmol/l) in patients with PMA in the second phase of the menstrual cycle in relation to the control group (494.00 (328.00; 487.00) pmol/l) and the group of patients with RA (694.50 (495.25; 993.00) pmol/l). No significant and significant changes in progesterone, prolactin, LH, or FSH were detected. The revealed decrease in respiratory function in patients with PMA in the second phase of the menstrual cycle emphasizes and probably explains the worsening of symptoms of asthma in this group of patients, which, with possible hormonal correction, can lead to stabilization of the course of asthma.

FREQUENCY OF ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS (ABPA) IN PATIENTS ADMITTED WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION OF ASTHMA IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KARACHI: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus species and often complicates the clinical course of asthma, leading to more severe exacerbations and poor disease control. Despite its clinical relevance, the prevalence of ABPA in asthma patients remains under-reported, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ABPA among patients admitted with acute exacerbations of asthma at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A prospective observational quantitative study was conducted at the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Aga Khan Hospital University Karachi, Pakistan from January 2023 to December 2023 in Karachi. The study included 150 isolated patients of either gender, aged between 18 and 80 years, with a clinical diagnosis of asthma or those eligible for spirometry. Data collected included demographic details, past medical history, pulmonary function test results, and serological data for ABPA diagnosis. The presence of ABPA was confirmed by elevated serum total IgE concentration, specific IgE to Aspergillus fumigatus, and radiological findings. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS, with p-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The study revealed an overall prevalence of ABPA in 20% of the 150 patients with acute asthma exacerbations. Serum total IgE concentration was significantly higher in the ABPA group (450 IU/mL) compared to the non-ABPA group (p < 0.05). Additionally, patients with ABPA had significantly lower FEV1 (60% predicted) compared to those without ABPA (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights a notable prevalence of ABPA among asthma patients experiencing acute exacerbations. This underscores the importance of raising clinical awareness and implementing timely diagnostic strategies for ABPA in asthma management, which could significantly improve patient outcomes.

Indicators of the cytokine profile and standard immunogram in the controlled and uncontrolled course of bronchial asthma in children

Bronchial asthma in children is a multifactorial disease, but it is based on atopic inflammation, which is the focus of the main methods of research and therapy of this pathology. However, if we evaluate not only the fact of the appearance of bronchial asthma in a particular patient, but also consider its course in more detail, and especially the possibility of achieving control over the disease, then indicators of not only atopic inflammation, but also local inflammation in general, acquire great influence, which is one of the reasons for the continuing high percentage of uncontrolled and partially controlled course bronchial asthma in children. The purpose of this work is to identify changes in cytokine status indicators and immunograms – markers of the risk of uncontrolled bronchial asthma. 167 patients with bronchial asthma were examined, who, based on a standard clinical and instrumental examination, according to the criteria of clinical recommendations, were divided into two groups – controlled (70 people) and partially controlled and uncontrolled (97 children). All of them had their cytokines and IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE levels determined, in blood serum by ELISA, subpopulations of lymphocytes by flow cytometry, indicators of neutrophilic phagocytosis by light microscopy. In the group with uncontrolled asthma, the following significant differences were noted: a decrease in the level of IL-7, IL-9 and an increase in IL-8, there is also a higher level of B lymphocytes, IgE and IgM, and a lower level of IgA, similar changes, but less pronounced, were previously detected in other studies when comparing patients with bronchial asthma and conditionally healthy, as well as mild and severe course diseases. There were no significant differences in the other studied indicators. It is noteworthy that the greater influence on the control of the disease in bronchial asthma is not exerted by atopic cytokines responsible for the very fact of atopic inflammation, but by cytokines of general inflammation, such as IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, regulating the severity of inflammation in general, the role of IL-8 as a cytokine of granulocyte chemotaxis regulating local inflammation is especially interesting.

Comorbid associations and risk factors for uncontrolled bronchial asthma in adolescents

Improving the effectiveness of bronchial asthma (BA) treatment in adolescents through early diagnosis and correction of associated pathological conditions, including psychoemotional spectrum disorders, is a pressing issue in modern medicine. Objective. To study disorders of the psychoemotional status in adolescents with uncontrolled BA. Material and methods. Psychoemotional disorders associated with BA have been described, assesses their significance as risk factors for uncontrolled and partially controlled asthma in 212 adolescents aged 12–18 years – patients of the pulmonary allergology center. Using the R. Goodman questionnaire (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ) we investigated the presence and severity of emotional disorders, determined the values of the total score of the scales and the correlation relationships of the analyzed indicators. Results. The results of our own study revealed higher values of the total score of the scale of the questionnaire "Emotional symptoms" in adolescents with uncontrolled asthma, both boys and girls; the absence of deviations from the norm of the studied characteristics in the overwhelming majority of those examined, regardless of the controllability of asthma, gender and age of adolescents and a more significant contribution of borderline and deviating from the norm indicators in the partially controlled and uncontrolled course of asthma. Conclusion. The authors conclude that the approach to the treatment of uncontrolled asthma should be comprehensive, including mandatory diagnostics and correction of asthma-associated diseases and existing socio-psychological problems in adolescents.

PERINATAL PATHOLOGY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN

The aim of the study: to study the perinatal history of children with bronchial asthma depending on the concomitant neurological symptoms. Material and methods of the study: A total of 103 children with moderate bronchial asthma in remission were examined, with an average age of 7.2±1.2 years. The children were divided into 2 groups: the main group, which included 72 children with bronchial asthma and late consequences of perinatal CNS damage, and a comparison group consisting of 31 children with bronchial asthma without concomitant neurological disorders. Results: Based on the data obtained, it was found that perinatal lesions of the central nervous system significantly affect the further development and course of bronchial asthma in children. A burdened heredity for allergic diseases in patients with bronchial asthma against the background of late consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system (the main group) was significantly less common (30.6%; n=22) than in the comparison group - in 67.7% (n=21) of cases. In the main group, the mothers' pregnancies proceeded with some complications (100% of cases), while in the comparison group, only a quarter of the observations revealed a pathological course of pregnancy in mothers, which is undoubtedly a predisposing factor in the formation of perinatal damage to the central nervous system in the main group. KEY WORDS: bronchial asthma, consequences, perinatal damage, central nervous system, neurological symptoms, perinatal history, risk factors, Apgar scale

Challenges of asthma therapy adherence in adolescents and solutions (literature review)

Introduction. Asthma is a globally significant non-communicable disease with serious public health implications, affecting both children and adults. It includes high morbidity and mortality rates in severe cases. Understanding the reasons for decreased adherence to asthma therapy in adolescents remains a pressing issue for physicians across various specialties. It is important to analyze the challenges faced by young people that lead to ineffective asthma control.Aim. To review the latest literature to understand the driving factors behind non-adherence to treatment regimens in adolescents with asthma, their consequences, and potential solutions to ensure better disease control.Materials and methods. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Elsevier, Embase, Wiley, and CyberLeninka. The planned search depth was 2019-2024, using keywords: adherence to therapy in adolescents, asthma, therapy control.Results. The literature review discusses the unique aspects of adherence to asthma therapy in adolescence, along with programs and methods successfully used to optimize medical care for adolescents with asthma.Conclusion. The course of asthma during adolescence changes due to various factors: hormonal changes, the child's desire for separation from parents, fear of being different from peers, increased societal and school demands, stress, and psychological characteristics. Consequently, researchers from various countries are developing methods to improve therapy adherence and asthma control, such as educational programs in schools, the use of digital health technologies, and even financial incentives for adolescents. Implementing modern methods to enhance medical care for young people with asthma may help reduce mortality rates in this age group.

Non-allergic factors that influence asthma control in pregnancy.

Numerous factors may influence the asthma course during pregnancy, potentially elevating the risk of specific pregnancy complications. This study aimed to evaluate non-allergic factors influencing asthma and to assess perinatal outcomes between asthmatic and non-asthmatic pregnancies in the population of the Pomeranian Voivodeship region of Poland. The mixed cohort study was performed with 83 pregnant asthmatic patients aged 18-38 years. The control group consisted of 83 patients without asthma diagnosis or symptoms. A specially designed questionnaire was used to evaluate asthma course and perinatal outcomes. An Asthma Control Test (ACT) adapted for pregnancy was performed on enrollment. Asthma severity was assessed according to GINA guidelines. In 19 cases (22.80%), patients quit their regular treatment after pregnancy was confirmed. Respiratory tract infection occurred in 23 patients (27.71%) and had been statistically significantly more frequent among patients with partially and uncontrolled asthma (χ2=8.504, p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between infection episodes and perinatal complications. The incidence of cesarean section was significantly higher among patients with asthma (χ2=16.37, p<0.01), particularly in patients with severe asthma (χ2=7.07, p<0.05) and uncontrolled asthma (χ2=6.7, p<0.05). Apgar score was statistically significantly lower in patients with severe asthma (χ2=20.37, p<0.05). Respiratory tract infections and adequate asthma treatment are the most important modifiable factors in preventing perinatal complications associated with asthma.

TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS AND BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: PART 2

For the last decade, the attention of researchers has been attracted by Toll-like receptors that provide recognition of pathogens and trigger an immune response to them. As participants in acute infectious processes, with inadequate stimulation associated with mutation of genes regulating expression of the receptors, they cause the initiation or exacerbation of asthma in predisposed individuals. At the same time, the reduced function of the receptors leads to an insufficient immune response in respiratory infectious diseases, which also leads to an exacerbation of bronchial asthma. In addition, Toll-like receptors are direct elements of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, supporting or reducing inflammation. Thus, Toll-like receptors can not only aggravate the course of asthma, but also prevent exacerbations of the disease. Knowledge of the role of these receptors in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma is necessary to improve diagnostic methods and timely detection of the disease. Using data on the effects realized by the receptors, medicines are being developed that are antagonists or agonists of a Toll-like receptors. The use of medicines acting on receptors in the treatment and prevention of asthma in the future may lead to increased control over the course of the disease.

The Most Common Environmental Risk Factors for Equine Asthma-A Narrative Review.

Equine asthma is a popular subject of research. Many factors influencing the methods used to improve the welfare of asthmatic horses remain unclear. This study reviews scientific articles published after 2000 to collect the most important information on the terminology, symptoms, and potential environmental factors influencing the development and course of equine asthma. Our work highlights the impact of environmental factors on the severity of equine asthma and why these factors should be controlled to improve treatment outcomes. The present article provides horse owners and veterinarians with valuable information on how to improve the well-being of horses that are at risk of developing asthma symptoms.

Оптимизация контроля заболевания у ребенка с бронхиальной астмой

The achievement of good control of bronchial asthma in pediatric patients is the cornerstone of the treatment of this disease. The analysis of certain factors of partial and uncontrolled course of bronchial asthma in children is presented. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the reason that prevents the achievement of control in bronchial asthma in children is food sensitization, as well as a violation of the technique of inhalation of drugs. The analysis of the practical errors presented in the article will contribute to timely and competent therapy, and in general – an improvement in the quality of life of the patient.

Bronchial Asthma and COVID-19: Etiology, Pathological Triggers, and Therapeutic Considerations.

Bronchial asthma (BA) continues to be a difficult disease to diagnose. Various factors have been described in the development of BA, but to date, there is no clear evidence for the etiology of this chronic disease. The emergence of COVID-19 has contributed to the pandemic course of asthma and immunologic features. However, there are no unambiguous data on asthma on the background and after COVID-19. There is correlation between various trigger factors that provoke the development of bronchial asthma. It is now obvious that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is one of the provoking factors. COVID-19 has affected the course of asthma. Currently, there is no clear understanding of whether asthma progresses during or after COVID-19 infection. According to the results of some studies, a significant difference was identified between the development of asthma in people after COVID-19. Mild asthma and moderate asthma do not increase the severity of COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, oral steroid treatment and hospitalization for severe BA were associated with higher COVID-19 severity. The influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the protective factors. It causes the development of severe bronchial asthma. The accumulated experience with omalizumab in patients with severe asthma during COVID-19, who received omalizumab during the pandemic, has strongly suggested that continued treatment with omalizumab is safe and may help prevent the severe course of COVID-19. Targeted therapy for asthma with the use of omalizumab may also help to reduce severe asthma associated with COVID-19. However, further studies are needed to prove the effect of omalizumab. Data analysis should persist, based on the results of the course of asthma after COVID-19 with varying degrees of severity.

Bariatric Surgery in Asthma: A Narrative Review.

Nearly 60% of asthmatics in the USA suffer from obesity. Asthma is a comorbid condition alongside obesity, commonly accompanied by conditions such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The positive effect of bariatric surgery on patients suffering from hypertension and type 2 diabetes, which leads to either a reduction in the dose of medication taken for the aforementioned diseases or the withdrawal of the disease, is quite well proven in the literature. Currently, the impact of bariatric operations on the control and course of bronchial asthma and pharmacological treatment has not been fully recognized and described, requiring further research; therefore, the following review of the literature was conducted.

Role of dietary supplements in the treatment of asthma - a narrative review

Introduction: Asthma is a common inflammatory disease of airway affecting both adults and children. In a large number of cases asthma remains poorly controlled. There is a need to find an additional therapeutic demeanour alleviating symptoms and lowering the risk complications in a long-term. Recently, increasing number of studies has been examining dietary supplements in regards to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-remodelling properties and their use in asthmatic patients. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to collect and analyse current literature regarding influence of different dietary supplements on the course of asthma in both adults and children. Methods and Materials: Extensive research was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, with the primary focus on literature from the past 5 years. Firstly, potential dietary supplements affecting course of asthma were collected. The names of the substances were juxtaposed with term “Asthma” to gather data regarding their effect on occurrence and control of asthma and potential mechanisms responsible for it. Additionally, references from selected articles were included in the analysis. Results: Dietary supplements show promising results in decreasing asthma symptoms and lowering inflammation of airway. However, our study revealed that in current state of knowledge there is a deficit of studies performed on humans, especially large-scale, prospective studies that assess the efficacy of different doses of dietary supplements. Thus, further research of dietary supplements in asthma is needed, especially large-scale randomised controlled trials.

Remote monitoring of the course of bronchial asthma in children

Aim: to evaluate the eff ectiveness and satisfaction of patients with bronchial asthma (BA) using the remote monitoring software product “ASTMATEST”. Materials and methods. A specialized website “ASTMATEST” — ww.asthmatest.ru was developed for conducting remote and timely telemonitoring of the health status of patients with verifi ed BA. An open prospective comparative study was conducted at the pediatric department of the City Children’s Clinical Hospital in Ufa from November 2022 till April 2023. The study included 2 groups of patients, similar in age and demographic indicators: the main group consisted of 38 (57.8 %) children whose parents agreed to use the information system of the website “ASTMATEST” in combination with its traditional methods, the control group included 34 (43.2 %) children whose parents refused to use the software product due to various reasons. The effectiveness of remote monitoring was analyzed by comparing the morning and evening peak flow meter readings, symptom control report data. Satisfaction with the work and use of the remote monitoring technology of the website “ASTMATEST” by patients with BA and their parents was assessed through a sociological survey using questionnaires. Results. In the main study group, the proportion of patients with severe BA decreased to 18.42 % due to an increase in the proportion of patients with mild (up to 34.21 %) and moderate (47.37 %) severity of BA. In the control group, the proportion of patients with mild BA decreased to 40.74 %, due to an increase in the proportion of patients with moderate (up to 44.44 %) and severe (14.82 %) severity. Conclusion. During the survey of patients in the main group using a specially designed questionnaire, it was found that the majority of patients and their parents/legal representatives are willing to continue using the developed software product to assess the level of disease control and adherence to doctor’s recommendations and prescriptions.

EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Among the diseases capable of negatively affecting the course of bronchial asthma in children and adolescents, disruptions in nutritional status play an important role, including not only excess body weight and obesity, but also insufficient body weight. Since children with the consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage often exhibit signs of protein-energy deficiency, the aim of the research conducted was to assess the indicators of nutritional status of children with bronchial asthma depending on accompanying neurological symptoms by evaluating the body mass index. 126 children with bronchial asthma were examined, divided into two subgroups: the main group included 65 children (51.6%) with the disease occurring against the background of consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage; the comparison group included 61 patients (48.4%) without accompanying neurological symptoms. The average age of the children was 11.4±2.9 years. According to the results obtained, in 50.8% of observations, children in the main group had insufficient body weight and a decrease in body mass index, while in the comparison group, excess body weight was observed in 37.7% of cases. KEYWORDS: children, bronchial asthma, anthropometry, body mass index, nutritional status, central nervous system

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ У БОЛЬНЫХ БРОНХИАЛЬНОЙ АСТМОЙ В СТАЦИОНАРАХ КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ

Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the socially significant diseases, characterized by a high frequency of seeking medical help and mortality. The most important parameter in studies of drug consumption is the study of the structure of their use, which includes the volume of use and a number of qualitative characteristics of the use of drugs of the group being studied. Modern approaches to pharmacotherapy of asthma also include the use of drugs in combinations; such drug therapy makes it possible to control the course of asthma, which affects morbidity, mortality, quality of life and the quality of provision of pharmaceutical and medical care to the population. Aim. Study of the frequency and structure of prescription of drugs used in the pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma. Matherials and Methods. During a retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study, 500 individual registration records of patients with bronchial asthma who were hospitalized for the period 2020 - 2023 were analyzed. in healthcare organizations of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. Results. When analyzing the number of prescribed medications, it was found that in the pharmacotherapy of 500 patients with bronchial asthma in different combinations, 11 names of medications under international nonproprietary names and 26 medications under trade names were used, while the total number of prescribed medications per patient varied from 1 to 5 types of drugs in 62 different combinations. Of the combinations of salbutamol with drugs from other pharmacological groups, the leading ones were the simultaneous administration of 3 drugs: Salbutamol + Ambroxol + Theophylline; for beclomethasone, a combination of 5 drugs: Beclomethasone + Salbutamol + Ambroxol + Salbutamol + Theophylline; for salmeterol, a combination of 5 drugs: Salmeterol + Fluticacone, Salbutamol, Acetylcysteine, Salbutamol. Conclusions. A study of the structure of medications used in the hospital in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma made it possible to establish that the largest share of drug prescriptions was for the treatment regimen Beclomethasone + Salbutamol + Ambroxol + Salbutamol + Theophylline, which was used in the treatment of 67 patients. The regimen Salbutamol + Ambroxol + Theophylline was used in the treatment of 62 patients and the prevailing treatment regimens were Salmeterol + Fluticacone, Salbutamol, Ambroxol, Theophylline and Salmeterol + Fluticacone, Salbutamol, Ambroxol, Salbutamol, Theophylline, each of which was used in the treatment of 28 patients.