Levels of female sex hormones in patients with premenstrual bronchial asthma

Abstract

According to the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2021, at least 348 million patients worldwide suffer from bronchial asthma (BA). The treatment of patients with BA has objective difficulties due to the progression of obstruction and insufficient diagnosis of pathogenetic forms of BA. It is known that in women, hormonal status, namely female sex hormones such as estradiol and progesterone, contributes to the course and development of BA. This article presents an original clinical study of 48 patients suffering from mild to moderate asthma with a regular menstrual cycle, and the relationship between the increase in symptoms of asthma and the phase of the menstrual cycle is estimated. According to the results of the study, all patients were divided into groups with regular asthma (RA) and premenstrual asthma (PMA). A significant increase in the level of estradiol was obtained (934.50 (405.00; 1010.25) pmol/l) in patients with PMA in the second phase of the menstrual cycle in relation to the control group (494.00 (328.00; 487.00) pmol/l) and the group of patients with RA (694.50 (495.25; 993.00) pmol/l). No significant and significant changes in progesterone, prolactin, LH, or FSH were detected. The revealed decrease in respiratory function in patients with PMA in the second phase of the menstrual cycle emphasizes and probably explains the worsening of symptoms of asthma in this group of patients, which, with possible hormonal correction, can lead to stabilization of the course of asthma.