Assessment Of Thyroid Function Research Articles

Thyroid function assessment in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Thyroid function assessment in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2

Thyroid and Lipid Profile Dysfunction among Obese versus Non-Obese Individuals Study Design

Obesity, a complex disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, manifests through intricate interactions. Objective: To assess thyroid function tests and serum lipid profiles in obese and non-obese individuals. Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted over six months from July to December 2023 at the medical outpatient department of Shahida Islam Medical College, after obtaining ethical approval (IRB Ref no. SIMC/H.R./7314/23, dated May 1, 2023). A sample size of 200 was calculated, divided equally into obese (BMI > 30 kg/m²) and non-obese (BMI < 25 kg/m²) groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, employing chi-square tests for significance (p < 0.05). Results: Each group comprised 100 participants, with mean ages of 42.49 ± 9.0 years for the obese and 43.83 ± 6.2 years for the non-obese group. Females constituted 62% of the obese and 51% of the non-obese group. Mean BMI was 35.8 kg/m² and 26.6 kg/m² in the obese and non-obese groups, respectively. Obese individuals exhibited higher mean total cholesterol (173 ± 40.77 mg/dl vs. 134 ± 29.62 mg/dl, p = 0.05) and significant differences in HDL, LDL, triglycerides, TSH, T3, and T4 levels (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Obesity is associated with adverse thyroid and lipid profiles, with a higher prevalence among females. These findings underscore the importance of addressing these metabolic factors in obesity management.

Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

This study investigated the sex-specific association between thyroid function and various insulin resistance (IR) indices, including noninsulin-based IR indices, in euthyroid adolescents. A total of 465 adolescents (aged 12-18 years; 255 boys and 210 girls) based on data from the 2014-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Serum thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) and free thyroxine (fT4) were used to assess thyroid function, whereas the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI), glucose/insulin ratio (GIR), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio were used to assess IR. The relationship between thyroid function and IR was analyzed using multiple linear regressions stratified by sex, considering obesity status. The relationship between thyroid function and IR varied depending on sex and was more pronounced in the overweight/obesity subgroup for both boys and girls. In overweight and obese boys and girls, fT4 was significantly associated with HOMA-IR and QUICKI with conflicting association directions. TSH was also positively associated with the TyG index in both sexes. The findings suggest that the relationship between thyroid function and IR in adolescents might vary depending on sex, and the degree of association was significant in obese adolescents.

To study thyroid profile in CKD patients in Eastern Uttar Pradesh

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a universal pandemic that has evolved into a serious public health problem that imposes a significant socioeconomic burden. Thyroid profile is disrupted in CKD patients due to aberrant thyroid hormone metabolism. The purpose of our study was to assess thyroid function in people who had chronic renal disease (CKD).According to the inclusion-exclusion criteria, this cross-sectional observational research enrolled 150 chronic renal disease patients.All patients who met the above criteria underwent a detailed history as well as a general and systemic examination. Thyroid function tests, USG entire abdomen, chest X-ray, ECG, and 2D Echocardiogram, were performed. There were 84 men and 66 women among the 150 CKD patients. Thyroid hormone abnormalities were found in 93.3 % of the individuals. 14.7 % of the participants had hypothyroidism, 14.7 % had low T3 and T4 readings, 10% had low T4 values alone, 38 % had low T3 only, and 17% had subclinical hypothyroidism. Low T3 levels (58 %) were the most prevalent thyroid anomaly, with or without low T4 or elevated TSH levels. Low T3 levels were more common in patients with advanced CKD.Thyroid hormone abnormalities are linked to different stages of chronic renal disease.

Thyroid Functionsand Thyroid Lesions in Children with Hodgkin Lymphoma and Central Nervous System Tumors Who Received Radiotherapy to the Head and Neck Region

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess thyroid function and lesions after radiotherapy to the head and neck region in children with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Material and Methods: The study included children diagnosed with HL or CNS tumors who were in complete remission at least one year after completion of chemotherapy (CT) and who had all received radiotherapy (RT) to the head and/or neck. All patients were requested to undergo thyroid function tests and thyroid ultrasonography (USG). Results: A total of 37 patients were included. The mean age was 13.7±3.8 years. The mean follow-up time was 5.09±2.5 years. All patients had CT and RT. Seven (18.9%) patients had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 7 (18.9%) had thyroid USG abnormalities. None of the patients had thyroid malignancy. Age under 10 years at diagnosis, follow-up time of 3 years or more, and an RT dose of 25 Gy or more were found as effective factors for subclinical hypothyroidism development. Only an RT dose of 25 Gy or more was found to be related to thyroid USG abnormalities. Conclusion: Thyroid function tests and thyroid imaging should be routinely examined in any patient who has been treated for cancer to evaluate thyroid dysfunction regardless of clinical findings and the follow-up of these patients should be lifelong.

Transient Hyperthyroidism of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Case Report from Rural Kenya

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the transient hyperthyroidism of hyperemesis gravidarum: A case report from rural Kenya.
 Materials and Methods: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
 Findings: Hyperthyroidism complicates 0.2-0.4% of pregnancies. It may be diagnosed in the setting of hyperemesis gravidarum and can be pathological or transient. Untreated pathological hyperthyroidism has adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Transient hyperthyroidism of hyperemesis gravidarum (THHG) affects up to 60% of women with hyperemesis, is self-limiting, and needs no antithyroid drug treatment. A diagnosis of THHG (rather than overt pathological hyperthyroidism) should be made when hyperthyroidism occurs in the setting of hyperemesis gravidarum and in the absence of pre-pregnancy hyperthyroidism, clinical findings compatible with maternal hyperthyroidism, and a negative antithyroid autoimmune profile. THHG resolves by the end of the first trimester without adverse pregnancy outcomes. We present a case from a rural Kenyan hospital to highlight the clinical profile and management of THHG for the primary care physician.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Assessment of thyroid functions is indicated in hyperemesis gravidarum, where there are clinical features of hyperthyroidism. THHG is a self-limiting benign condition that may inappropriately lead to unnecessary drug treatment for pathological hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. A diagnosis of THHG should be made when a laboratory picture of hyperthyroidism occurs in the setting of hyperemesis gravidarum in the absence of pre-pregnancy hyperthyroidism, compatible physical findings, and a negative antithyroid autoantibody profile.

Evaluation of the Thyroid Hormone Status among Normal New Born Preterm Infants

Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction poses a greater risk in preterm newborns (PN) compared to term newborns (TN), often eluding detection in neonatal screening due to delayed thyrotropin (TSH) elevation in these cases. Objective: To assess thyroid function during the second week of life in PN born before 32 weeks gestation and identify factors associated with its alteration. Methods: A retrospective study examined thyroid function in < 32 weeks gestation neonates, analyzing thyroxine (T4L) and TSH levels in relation to perinatal and neonatal outcomes. The study included 358 patients with a mean gestational age of 29.3 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1127 grams. Results: Linear correlations were observed between T4L and birth weight (BW) (R=0.356; p<0.001) and gestational age (GA) (R=0.442; p<0.001). TSH values were associated with small for gestational age (SGA) (5.3 mU/L [1.5-37] for SGA vs. 2.89 mU/L [0.2-19.5] for non-SGA; p<0.001), inotropic support (3.98 mU/L [0.6-22.9] for Yes vs. 3.16 mU/L [0.2-37] for No; p=0.019), and BW (R=-0.249; p<0.001). Levothyroxine treatment was administered to 2.5% of patients, with six being SGA. Conclusions: Analyzing thyroid function in the second week aids in identifying asymptomatic newborns at risk of thyroid dysfunction, particularly in the case of SGA newborns who exhibit a higher susceptibility to thyroid function alterations.

Color Doppler ultrasound and real-time elastography in patients with hypothyroidism for the prediction of levothyroxine replacement: a cross-sectional study of 338 patients.

While hormonal assays are commonly used for thyroid function assessment, Doppler sonography provides valuable information on vascularization and blood flow. This study aimed to examine the potential associations between Doppler parameters and clinical characteristics of hypothyroid patients, such as the autoimmune nature of the disease and adequacy of LT4 replacement. A total of 338 patients with hypothyroidism, primarily caused by autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), were enrolled in this study. Exclusion criteria comprised specific medical conditions, medication history, and nodular abnormalities of the thyroid gland. Patient demographics (age, sex, BMI), treatment parameters (LT4 daily dose), and thyroid hormone levels (TSH, fT4) were recorded. Among the enrolled patients, 85.2% had autoimmune thyroiditis. Suboptimal levothyroxine (LT4) replacement was observed in 20.1% of patients at the time of enrollment. Patients with autoimmune thyroiditis had increased elastography ratios compared to those without autoimmune disease and present a positive association of elastography ratios with vascularity. In patients without autoimmune thyroiditis, those with suboptimal LT4 replacement had lower total thyroid volume. Patients with suboptimal LT4 replacement had higher peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in the inferior thyroid artery and lower resistive index (RI). The severity of hypothyroidism, as indicated by LT4 dose/body mass index (BMI), was negatively correlated with thyroid volume and EDV values of superior and inferior thyroid arteries. PSV of the inferior thyroid artery can predict suboptimal LT4 replacement (sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 42%). In situations where obtaining blood tests may be challenging, utilizing color Doppler ultrasound can serve as an alternative method to assess treatment responses and identify patients who require further hormonal examinations.

Determination of Capillary Blood TSH and Free Thyroxine Levels Using Digital Immunoassay.

The remote performance of thyroid function blood tests is complicated because it requires blood collection. To compare TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) levels between capillary and venous blood and assess the adequacy of measuring each value in capillary blood. This prospective intervention study was conducted at Ito Hospital and was based on the clinical research method. The participants were 5 healthy female volunteers and 50 patients (41 females and 9 males) between the ages of 23 and 81 years. To measure TSH and FT4 levels in capillary and venous blood, a digital immunoassay (d-IA) method capable of measuring trace samples was used. Chemiluminescence measurements were used as controls. Values obtained for each assay system were compared using Spearman's correlation analysis. Capillary blood was collected using an autologous device (TAP II; not approved in Japan). Capillary plasma volume obtained using TAP II was 125 µL or more in 26 cases, 25 µL to 124 µL in 24 cases, and less than 25 µL in 5 cases. Strong correlations were noted in the TSH and FT4 levels between capillary and venous blood, with correlation coefficients of rs = 0.99 and rs = 0.97, respectively. Capillary TSH and FT4 levels strongly correlate with venous blood values. Trace samples can be used in high-precision d-IA methods. These results may promote telemedicine in assessing thyroid function.

1943 Thyroid dysfunction and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk in a South American cohort, cross-sectional study

Abstract Introduction A growing body of evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome is associated with endocrine disorders, including thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome may further increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, thus increasing mortality. This study was conducted to assess thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome and to assess its relationship to components of metabolic syndrome. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among 170 geriatric patients. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference) and blood pressure were taken. Fasting blood samples were analysed for glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone). Results Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 31.9% (n = 54) of the patients with metabolic syndrome. Subclinical hypothyroidism (26.6%) was the main thyroid dysfunction, followed by overt hypothyroidism (3.5%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (1.7%). Thyroid dysfunction was much more common in women (39.7%, n = 29) than in men (26%, n = 25), but not statistically significant (p = 0.068). The relative risk of having thyroid dysfunction in women was 1.525 (CI: 0.983-2.368) compared to men. Significant differences (p = 0.001) were observed in waist circumference between patients with and without thyroid dysfunction and HDL cholesterol that had a significant negative correlation with thyroid-stimulating hormone. Conclusion Thyroid dysfunction, particularly subclinical hypothyroidism, is common among patients with metabolic syndrome and is associated with some components of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference and HDL cholesterol). Keywords: metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism, cardiovascular diseases.

The Relationship Between Homocysteine and Autoimmune Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Objectives: The present study was to correlate the association of homocysteine level with various profile of autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism patients. Methods: A 40 subclinical hypothyroidism patients and 40 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The relevant laboratory parameters of patients who had been diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in the clinic and were in follow-up, and whose homocysteine level had been tested in addition to assessment of thyroid function, thyroid autoantibodies, lipid parameters, thyroid ultrasonography, and hs-CRP were recorded. Patients with a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level above the normal range but with a free thyroxin (fT4) level within the normal range were considered to have subclinical hypothyroidism. Results: Mean TSH level of case and control group subjects were 6.71±1.23 and 2.11±o.34 µIU/mL respectively. Which is extremely significant (p<0.0001). Mean FT4 (ng/dL) level of case and control group subjects were 1.3±0.38 and 1.4±0.43 ng/dL respectively. Which is not significant differences(p=0.273). Anti-Tg level of case and control group subjects were 221.6±06.65 and 12.2±04.24 IU/mL) respectively. Which is extremely significant (p<0.0001). There was significant higher anti-Tg level in subclinical hypothyroidism patients as compared to control subjects. Similarly, anti-TPO level of subclinical hypothyroidism (165.8±05.17) patients were extremely significant (p <0.0001) as compared to control (6.7±02.65) subjects. Homocysteine was significantly associated with TSH level (p=0.028), FT4 level (p=0.017), anti-TPO level (p=0.000), anti-Tg (p=0.024) and Hs-CRP level (p=0.011) in subclinical hypothyroidism patients. Conclusions: Increased level of homocysteine is an independent factors for the diagnosis of autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism. Key words: Autoimmune Subclinical Hypothyroidism, Homocysteine, TSH level.

Simultaneous Identification of Major Thyroid Hormones by a Nickel Immobilized Biological Nanopore.

Thyroid hormones (THs) are a variety of iodine-containing hormones that demonstrate critical physiological impacts on cellular activities. The assessment of thyroid function and the diagnosis of thyroid disorders require accurate measurement of TH levels. However, largely due to their structural similarities, the simultaneous discrimination of different THs is challenging. Nanopores, single-molecule sensors with a high resolution, are suitable for this task. In this paper, a hetero-octameric Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A (MspA) nanopore containing a single nickel ion immobilized to the pore constriction has enabled simultaneous identification of five representative THs including l-thyroxine (T4), 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), 3,3',5'-triiodo-l-thyronine (rT3), 3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,5-T2) and 3,3'-diiodo-l-thyronine (3,3'-T2). To automate event classification and avoid human bias, a machine learning algorithm was also developed, reporting an accuracy of 99.0%. This sensing strategy is also applied in the analysis of TH in a real human serum environment, suggesting its potential use in a clinical diagnosis.

Significance of monitoring the levels of thyroid hormone antibodies and glucose and lipid metabolism antibodies in patients suffer from type 2 diabetes.

The association of thyroid hormone antibodies and glycolipid metabolism indicators with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was explored. As the disease worsens, the levels of thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was increased, and the levels of total tri-iodothyronine (TT3) and total thyroxine (TT4) was decreased (P < 0.001). The severe, medium, and light group had higher level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lower level of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triacylglycerol (TAG), and fasting blood sugar (FBG) than the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The level of HDL was lower in the severe group than the light group and the medium group, but the levels of TC, LDL, HbA1c, TAG, and FBG were increased with the progress of T2DM (P ＜ 0.001). The levels of TGAb, TPOAb, and TSH in patients with T2DM were positively correlated with the levels of TC, LDL, HbA1c, TAG, and FBG (P < 0.05), and were negatively correlated with HDL levels (P < 0.05). The life quality score was lower in the severe group than the light and the medium group (P < 0.001). Among the above indicators, the predictive value of TT3, TT4, and HbA1c in T2DM was better. Clinically, detecting the levels of thyroid hormone antibodies and glycolipid metabolism indicators had a certain predictive value for the severity of T2DM. Main findings: The results of this study found that the thyroid hormone antibody and glycolipid metabolism levels in T2DM patients were abnormal, and had different degrees of impact on the quality of life of patients. Thus, monitoring these indicators had certain predictive value for the severity of the disease, and also had a certain degree of suggestive effect on the evaluation of diabetic vascular complications. Clinically, attention should be paid to the screening of thyroid disease in diabetic patients, and the assessment and prognosis of thyroid function on diabetes, the control of diabetes, and the prevention and treatment of complications have important clinical significance.

EXPLORING HYPOTHYROID GOITRE DUE TO EXCESS IODINE AMONG SOUTH INDIANS

Hypothyroid goitre attributed to excess iodine intake poses a significant health concern among South Indians. This study aims to explore the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and contributing factors associated with hypothyroid goitre induced by excess iodine among individuals residing in South India. A comprehensive review of medical records and clinical data was conducted among patients diagnosed with hypothyroid goitre at healthcare facilities across South India. The analysis included assessments of thyroid function, iodine levels, dietary habits, and demographic characteristics. Findings shed light on the epidemiology and clinical implications of hypothyroid goitre associated with excess iodine intake in the South Indian population.

Biochemical markers of renal function and maternal hypothyroidism in early pregnancy.

The physiological adaptations during a normal pregnancy affect renal and thyroid function and levels of associated biochemical markers. An association between cystatin C (CysC), creatinine, and thyroid function has been considered in nonpregnant individuals but not in pregnant women specifically. Cohort study within the North Denmark Region Pregnancy Cohort (2011-2015) with assessment of thyroid function and autoantibodies (ADVIA Centaur XPT, Siemens Healthineers) in serum residues from the early pregnancy. Consecutive samples (n = 1112) were selected for measurement of CysC and creatinine (Atellica CH 930, Siemens Healthineers), and results were linked to information in Danish nationwide registers for (i) establishment of pregnancy-specific reference intervals for CysC and creatinine and (ii) evaluation of the prevalence of maternal hypothyroidism in early pregnancy according to levels of CysC and creatinine. The established reference intervals (2.5-97.5 percentiles) differed by week of pregnancy (week 4-8, 9-11, 12-15) and were CysC: 0.58-0.92 mg/L; 0.54-0.91 mg/L; 0.52-0.86 mg/L; creatinine: 46.9-73.0 µmol/L; 42.0-68.4 µmol/L; 38.8-66.4 µmol/L. The prevalence of maternal autoimmune hypothyroidism in early pregnancy differed by the level of CysC and creatinine (<25th percentile; 25th-75th percentile; >75th percentile) and was for CysC 1.7%, 3.8%, 7.4% and for creatinine 2.5%, 4.1%, 7.1%. Reference intervals for CysC and creatinine were dynamic in early pregnancy and decreased with increasing gestational age. Furthermore, higher levels of CysC and creatinine associated with a higher prevalence of maternal autoimmune hypothyroidism. Results encourage considerations on the underlying mechanisms for the association between markers of renal and thyroid function.

Association of Gestational Free and Total Triiodothyronine With Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, Preterm Birth, and Birth Weight: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis.

Triiodothyronine (T3) is the bioactive form of thyroid hormone. In contrast to thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine, we lack knowledge on the association of gestational T3 with adverse obstetric outcomes. To investigate the associaiton of gestational free or total T3 (FT3 or TT3) with adverse obstetric outcomes. We collected individual participant data from prospective cohort studies on gestational FT3 or TT3, adverse obstetric outcomes (preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, preterm birth and very preterm birth, small for gestational age [SGA], and large for gestational age [LGA]), and potential confounders. We used mixed-effects regression models adjusting for potential confounders. The final study population comprised 33 118 mother-child pairs of which 27 331 had data on FT3 and 16 164 on TT3. There was a U-shaped association of FT3 with preeclampsia (P = .0069) and a J-shaped association with the risk of gestational hypertension (P = .029). Higher TT3 was associated with a higher risk of gestational hypertension (OR per SD of TT3 1.20, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.33; P = .0007). A lower TT3 but not FT3 was associated with a higher risk of very preterm birth (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.94; P = .018). TT3 but not FT3 was positively associated with birth weight (mean difference per 1 SD increase in TT3 12.8, 95% CI 6.5 to 19.1 g, P < .0001) but there was no association with SGA or LGA. This study provides new insights on the association of gestational FT3 and TT3 with major adverse pregnancy outcomes that form the basis for future studies required to elucidate the effects of thyroid function on pregnancy outcomes. Based on the current study, routine FT3 or TT3 measurements for the assessment of thyroid function during pregnancy do not seem to be of added value in the risk assessment for adverse outcomes.

The Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Association Between Thyroid Function and Depression: A Population-Based Study.

An association of thyroid function with mood disorders has been widely suggested, but very few studies have examined this association longitudinally. We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between thyroid function and depression in a population-based cohort. A total of 9471 individuals were included in cross-sectional analyses, of whom 8366 had longitudinal data. At baseline, we assessed thyroid function using serum samples (thyrotropin [TSH], free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid peroxidase antibodies) and depressive symptoms using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Incident depressive events (n = 1366) were continuously followed up with the CES-D and clinical interviews. We analyzed the cross-sectional association of thyroid function and thyroid disease with depressive symptoms using linear and logistic regression, and the longitudinal association with Cox proportional hazard models for depressive events. Lower TSH levels and lower and higher FT4 levels were cross-sectionally associated with more depressive symptoms with a B value of -0.07 per 1 unit increase of natural log-transformed TSH (95% CI -0.11; -0.04). Furthermore, hypothyroidism was cross-sectionally associated with less depressive symptoms and hyperthyroidism with more depressive symptoms. Longitudinally, there was a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events but only in euthyroid participants. We show a cross-sectional association between thyroid (dys)function with depressive symptoms, and a U-shaped association between FT4 and incident depressive events in euthyroid individuals. Our findings suggest an association of thyroid function with the risk of developing depression, albeit small. Reverse causation and additional underlying factors may also contribute to the association.

The Relationship between Thyrotropin Serum Concentrations and Thyroid Carcinoma.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland and plays a role in regulating the production and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. This precise feedback loop is essential for maintaining a harmonious balance of thyroid hormones in the body, which are vital for numerous physiological processes. Consequently, TSH serves as a significant marker in assessing thyroid function, and deviations from normal TSH levels may indicate the presence of a thyroid disorder. Thyroid cancer (TC) is the malignant tumor within the endocrine system. In recent years, numerous experts have dedicated their efforts to discovering efficacious biomarkers for TC. These biomarkers aim to improve the accurate identification of tumors with a poor prognosis, as well as facilitate active monitoring of tumors with a more favorable prognosis. The role of TSH in the thyroid gland underscores its potential influence on the occurrence and progression of TC, which has garnered attention in the scientific community. However, due to the limited scope of clinical research and the dearth of high-quality foundational studies, the precise impact of TSH on TC remains unclear. Consequently, we present a comprehensive review of this subject, aiming to offer a valuable reference for future research endeavors.

A study on thyroid function assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease: An investigative analysis

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and thyroid dysfunction often coexist, and understanding their relationship is crucial for diagnosis and management. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to explore the prevalence, clinical significance, and implications of thyroid function abnormalities in CKD patients, providing valuable insights for improving patient care and outcomes. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 46 CKD patients undergoing conservative management at Aditya Hospitals and Diagnostics, Dibrugarh, from July 2021 to July 2022. Participants met predefined inclusion criteria and provided informed consent. Exclusion criteria encompassed active treatment with dialysis or kidney transplantation, nephrotic-range proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, acute illness, diabetes mellitus, recent surgery, trauma, burns, liver diseases, and medications affecting thyroid function. Results: The study involved 31 male (67.39%) and 15 female (32.60%) CKD patients aged 19 to 69 years. CKD symptoms' duration ranged from 4 to 30 months (mean 9.8 months). Serum T3 levels ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 ng/ml (mean 0.67 ng/ml), T4 levels from 0.9 to 8.5 μg/dl (mean 5.7 μg/dl), and TSH levels from 0.6 to 38 μIU/ml (mean 6.5 μIU/ml). Hypothyroidism symptoms were observed in 31 patients (67%). Low T3 syndrome was found in 27 patients, low T4 syndrome in 11 patients, and hypothyroidism in 3 patients. Conclusion: The study revealed that the incidence of low T3 syndrome increased with age and CKD severity. Patients with lower GFR exhibited decreased serum T3 levels. Interestingly, in patients with low T3 syndrome, TSH values remained within the normal range and did not correlate with GFR. The findings suggest that low T3 levels in CKD may play a protective role in protein conservation. This investigation sheds light on the complex relationship between thyroid function and CKD, emphasizing the need for regular thyroid assessments in CKD patients for better management and improved clinical outcomes. Early identification and appropriate intervention for thyroid abnormalities in CKD may contribute to optimizing patient care and overall well-being.

FRI681 OsteoboostTm Is Effective In Preserving Bone Strength And Density Of The Spine In Women With Low Bone Mass

Abstract Disclosure: L.D. Bilek: Grant Recipient; Self; Bone Health Technologies. Stock Owner; Self; Bone Health Technologies. L.E. Flores: Employee; Self; Bone Health Technologies. N. Waltman: None. L.R. Mack: None. K. Smith: None. D. Hillstrom: Employee; Self; Bone Health Technologies. M. Griffin: Consulting Fee; Self; Bone Health Technologies. Stock Owner; Self; Bone Health Technologies. L. Yecies: Employee; Self; Bone Health Technologies. Stock Owner; Self; Bone Health Technologies. M. Jaasma: Consulting Fee; Self; Bone Health Technologies. Stock Owner; Self; Bone Health Technologies. Introduction: Fragility fractures result in significant morbidity and mortality, which is of particular concern in postmenopausal women who are at high risk of fractures due to loss of estrogen. Pharmaceutical interventions are effective but have low uptake and adherence and are generally not indicated for patients with osteopenia. Vibration has the potential to prevent bone loss and holds promise as an effective, yet minimal risk, treatment. The Osteoboost, a novel wearable device delivering targeted vibration to the lumbar spine and hips, is designed to improve bone strength and bone density. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-month intervention with the OsteoboostTM on preserving strength of the first lumbar vertebrae in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. Methods: This double-blinded, randomized controlled trial enrolled postmenopausal women with low bone mass who were not taking bone-active medications. Women had a bone density DXA and assessment of thyroid function to screen for eligibility Those who qualified were randomized to receive Osteoboost treatment 5x/week for 12 months with the belt in either the active or sham setting. The sham device created a sound but did not deliver vibration. Compressive strength (N) and volumetric density of the 1st lumbar vertebra (L1) was analyzed using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of computed tomography (CT) scans of lumbar spine by ON Diagnostics. Results: 126 women (64 Active, 62 Sham) with low bone mass participated in the study, with an average age of 62.1 years (SD ± 5.8) and 60.6 years (± 5.3) in the Active and Sham groups, respectively. Most participants were of White race (98%) and non-Hispanic (96%). There were no significant differences in baseline demographics between the sham and active groups. Intent to treat analysis revealed no significant difference in percent change in vertebral bone strength between the Active and Sham groups over time (baseline to 12 months). When stratified by age category, significant differences in percent change in vertebral bone strength were present in the 50-60 year old category; the Sham group lost 3.4% of their vertebral bone strength compared to a 0.5% loss in the Active group (p=0.018). While bone was preserved in the active group relative to the sham in the women over 60, it was not significant (p=0.20). With analysis of those who met the compliance criterion of 3x/week, the Sham group lost 2.84% compared to 0.48% in the Active group (p=0.014); representing a 5 times greater loss in the Sham group. Additionally, the Osteoboost treatment preserved volumetric bone density of L1, with the Active treatment group losing 0.29% BMD relative to a 1.97% loss in the Sham group; representing a 6.8 times greater loss in the Sham group (p=0.008). Conclusion: The Osteoboost holds promise as a therapeutic intervention for women with low bone mass to prevent decline to osteoporosis and reduce fracture risk. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023