Assessment Of Microbiological Quality Research Articles

Assessment of Microbiological Quality of Fresh and Smoked Crabs (Callinectes amnicola) Fished and Sold in Southern Benin

Assessment of Microbiological Quality of Fresh and Smoked Crabs (Callinectes amnicola) Fished and Sold in Southern Benin

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Game Meats at Retail in Japan

In this study, we examined the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. and the distribution of indicator bacteria in 248 samples of game meats (120 venison and 128 wild boar) retailed between November 2015 and March 2016 in Japan. No Salmonella spp. were detected in any of the samples, whereas Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotype OUT:H25 (stx2d+, eae-) was isolated from one deer meat sample, suggesting a possible source for human infection. Plate count assays indicated greater prevalence of coliforms and E. coli in wild boar meat than in venison, whereas their prevalence in processing facilities showed greater variation than in animal species. The 16S rRNA ion semiconductor sequencing analysis of 24 representative samples revealed that the abundances of Acinetobacter and Arthrobacter spp. significantly correlated with the prevalence of E. coli, and quantitative PCR analyses in combination with selective plate count assay verified these correlations. To our knowledge, this is the first report to characterize the diversity of microorganisms of game meats at retail in Japan, together with identification of dominant microbiota. Our data suggest the necessity of bottom-up hygienic assessment in areas of slaughtering and processing facilities to improve microbiological safety.

Microbiological quality assessment and acceptance of dairy products in Dhaka city

This investigation was carried out to evaluate the microbiological quality of the processed dairy products including borhani, matha/labang, sweet & sour yoghurt. Dairy products are consumed as desert and popular enough among the people. 50 of the different dairy samples were collected from street vendor and also from some branded shop in Dhaka city. The microbiological quality of the samples were analyzed and monitored according to criteria in European Commission Recommendations 2004/24/EC and 2005/175/EC, BSTI and USPHS. All the dairy products had high microbial load ranged 5.90×105cfu/ml to 8.97×109 cfu/ml. Coliforms were found up to 109 dilutions in milk based drink products Borhani and Labang considered a serious threat to the public health. The mold contamination was much lower in Borhani and Labang compared to yoghurt 7.86×108cfu/ml. Approximately 17% dairy products were contaminated by Salmonella spp. Majority of the dairy products (25.537%,) such as Yogurt, Borhani and Labang were contaminated by Staphylococcus spp. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes found in Yogurt, 7 out of 21 (21.515%) samples were contaminated. A minor number of milk based products were corrupted by Shigella spp. These results emphasize applying and maintaining good hygiene practices throughout the processing chain to prevent contamination and bacterial growth. It was concluded that the presence of some pathogens in milk based products with toxigenicity of some strains pose a health hazard to consumers. Thus, good hygienic practices, good manufacturing practices, HACCP with all other hygienic practices should be applied during processing and distribution for public health safety.
 Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2017, 1 (1), 58-64

Microbiological quality assessment and validation of antimicrobials against unstressed or cold-stress adapted Salmonella and surrogate Enterococcus faecium on broiler carcasses and wings

This study aims to evaluate the microbiological quality and efficacy of antimicrobials to inactivate unstressed or cold-stress adapted Salmonella and Enterococcus on broiler carcasses and wings processed at a small USDA-inspected slaughter facility in West Virginia. The first part of the study included 42 carcasses that were pre- and secondarily-enriched in bacterial media followed by streak-plating onto XLT-4 and HardyCHROM™-agar Salmonella and confirmation using an API20E-kit. The aerobic plate counts (APC), Escherichia coli (ECC), total coliforms (TCC), and yeast/molds were analyzed on petri-films. The second part of the study included fresh broiler carcasses and wings that were inoculated with unstressed and cold-stress-adapted (4 °C, 7-day) Salmonella Typhimurium and Tennessee, and Enterococcus faecium ATCC 8459 (5.5 to 6.0 log10 CFU/mL) and later dipped into peroxyacetic acid (PAA; 1,000 ppm), lactic acid (LA; 5%), lactic and citric acid blend (LCA; 2.5%), and sodium hypochlorite (SH; 70 ppm) for 30 s without (carcasses) or with 2-min drainage (wings). The surviving bacteria were recovered onto non-selective and selective agar to analyze the total microbial population, Salmonella and Enterococcus. APC, TCC, and Yeast/Molds were 2.62, 1.08, and 2.37 log10 CFU/mL on broiler carcasses, respectively. A total of 30 and 40% of the carcasses tested positive for Salmonella spp. and E. coli (0.48 to 1.70 log10 CFU/mL), respectively. For carcasses, antimicrobial reductions of cold-stress-adapted cells of Salmonella and Enterococcus were greater (P < 0.05) than the unstressed cells. For wings, cold-stress-adapted Salmonella were more (P < 0.05) sensitive to antimicrobials than unstressed cells; however, unstressed and cold-stress-adapted Enterococcus behaved similarly (P > 0.05). The reduction of Salmonella and Enterococcus on carcasses and wings increased in the order of SH ≤ LCA < LA < PAA and irrespective of unstressed or cold-stress-adapted cells. Applying post-chilling antimicrobial dipping treatments could be an intervention approach to control Salmonella on locally processed broilers. In addition, Enterococcus faecium could be a Salmonella surrogate for in-plant validation studies.

Microbiological quality and safety assessment in the production of moderate and high humidity cheeses

ABSTRACT: Moderate and high humidity cheeses are described as important vehicles of pathogens in many foodborne diseases outbreaks. Microbial contamination can occur in raw material or in the different steps of the product processing due to inadequate hygiene practices. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and safety in the production of moderate and high humidity cheese. Samples from raw milk, handlers’ hands surface, final product were collected in three cheese manufacturing plants located in southern Brazil, with different levels of sanitary control. Effectiveness of milk pasteurization was also evaluated. Thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. Raw milk samples showed the highest contamination levels, with enumeration of 1.1x105 most probable number (MPN) mL-1 for thermotolerant coliforms, 4x105 colony-forming units (CFU) mL-1 for CPS and presence of Salmonella spp. CPS were also reported in one sample of handler’s hands surface. However, only one sample of the final product was out of Brazilian regulatory standards, exceeding the limit allowed for CPS. Milk pasteurization process used in cheese preparation was effective, regardless the level of sanitary control of the industries. Results highlighted the need for better hygiene practices, in obtaining the raw milk and in the handling during the cheese manufacturing steps.

Microbiological quality assessment of meals and work surfaces in a school-deferred catering system

Microbiological contamination is one of the main parameters that must be assessed to assure the safety of foods produced by a catering system. The aim of this study conducted between 2011 and 2015 was to assess the microbiological quality of meals (n=620), work surfaces (n=621) and the operators’ hands (n=319) in a school-deferred catering system. A general positive trend regarding the microbial contamination of food samples and surfaces was observed. Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were never detected in prepared foods; moreover, the total mesophilic aerobes and the sulfite-reducing clostridia were always below the reference limit. The occurrence of Bacillus cereus in raw and cooked vegetables highlighted the need for corrective action and suggested that continuous monitoring of this toxin-forming microorganism was necessary. A critical evaluation of the data obtained from the microbiological analyses allowed us to obtain an overview of improvements and emerging critical issues.

Application of Laney control chart in assessment of microbiological quality of oral pharmaceutical filterable products

Evaluation of microbiological quality of pharmaceutical product is an important criterion for safe release of the dosage form to the drug market. Monitoring of the stability of monitored characteristic attribute is crucial to judge the degree of compliance of the manufacturing processes to reproducible procedures and good manufacturing practice (GMP). Two non-sterile liquid oral products were monitored during ten months of study for their microbiological stability characteristics using control charts. Since total viable count (TVC) results did not follow any distribution type, the application of Laney U? chart was found to be the best approach in such instances using relevant statistical software packages. The results of TVC for both products failed to follow the closest distribution in distribution fitting test at ? = 0.05. Interestingly, both products demonstrated several spots of out-of-control (OOC) states, although none of their batches showed out-of-specification (OOS) results. These OOC conditions require further investigations in order to provide corrective/preventive actions for improvement of bioburden stability of the manufactured pharmaceuticals. Accordingly, Laney attribute control chart may be regarded as very handy tool to evaluate microbiological characteristic of pharmaceutical dosage form, when results show significant over-dispersion or under-dispersion pattern in data distribution.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 239-246, 2017

Disinfection in Wastewater Treatment Plants: Evaluation of Effectiveness and Acute Toxicity Effects

In Italy, urban wastewater disinfection is regulated in the third part of Legislative Decree n. 152/2006, which states that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) must include a disinfection unit, with a capacity exceeding 2000 Population Equivalent (PE). This treatment shall ensure microbial quality and health security. The legislation provides the following limits for wastewater: Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration below 5000 CFU 100 mL−1 (recommended value), active chlorine concentration below 0.2 mg L−1 and lack of acute toxicity. The compliance with these conditions is shown by means of the study of correct disinfectant dosage, which also depends on wastewater characteristics. An investigation at the regional level (from 2013 to 2016) shows a correlation between acute toxicity discharge and disinfection treatment through chemical reagents (mainly with the use of chlorine compounds and peracetic acid). The experimental work concerns two active sludge WWTPs in northern Italy with small capacity (10,000–12,000 PE). The activities provide the assessment of microbiological quality and toxicity of WWTPs effluents in relation to the dosage of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid, by means of the use of batch tests. The results show that with similar disinfectant dosage and comparable initial E. coli concentration, peracetic acid exhibits the best performance in terms of microbial removal (with removal yields up to 99.99%). Moreover, the acute toxicity was evident at higher doses and therefore with higher residuals of peracetic acid (2.68 mg L−1) compared to the free residual chlorine (0.17 mg L−1).

Microbiological quality assessment for drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms from the fresh vended fruit juices

Fruit juices are very popular due to their freshness and taste. These juices contain all the nutritive values those were present in whole fruits. Fresh juices are healthful drink for people of all ages. But the condition is quite opposite if they become contaminated with pathogenic bacteria during the juice processing. Because of the nutritive properties juice can give enough opportunities to the microorganisms to survive and multiply. In our current study we included eight types of fresh juices to study the microbial load. All the samples were heavily contaminated. Total bacterial and fungal count was found to be up to 3.0×107 cfu/ml and 2.6×106 cfu/ml, respectively. Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. was present only in one sample. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. were the most prominent in all of the eight samples. Vibrio spp. was found in six samples ranging from 2.0×102 cfu/ml to 2.9×104 cfu/ml. All the pathogenic isolates showed drug resistance towards the most commonly prescribed antibiotics indicating the risk of difficulty in eradicating diseases.Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 7-10

Assessment of Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Public Swimming Pools in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background:From swimming pools, bathers may acquire many potential pathogens or may be affected by the physicochemical characteristics of water used during bathing. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the physicochemical and microbiological quality of public swimming pools located at different hotels and recreation center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Method:A cross sectional study was carried out from February to May, 2016. Nine hotels and one recreation center which recognized to have public swimming services were included. A total of 60 swimming pool water samples from 10 swimming pools were collected at deeper, shallow and intake point twice on a weekly basis using a 250 ml sterile bottle containing sodium thiosulphate. PH, residual chlorine and temperature of samples were recorded at the time of collection. Sample containing bottles were transported in ice box to microbiological laboratory and analyzed on the same day. Standard cultural and biochemical methods were used for isolation and characterization of the main microbial groups. Total viable count, total coliform count, fecal coliform count and E. coli were determined. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.Results:Average PH and temperature of swimming pool water samples were 7.1 and 29oC respectively. Of all analyzed water samples, 58.4% (n=35/60) of them had PH range of 7.2-7.8, 58.3% (n=35/60) of samples had temperature in the range of 21oC-32oC and 25% (n=15/60) of water samples had residual chlorine in the range of 2-3mg/l. 73.3% (n=44/60) of the samples had a total viable count below 200 MPN/ml and 70% (n-42/60) of the samples had Total Coliform Count values less than 2 MPN/100 ml. Moreover, 66.7% (n=40/60) of the samples had fecal coliform counts falling below 1 MPN /100 ml. E. coli was absent in 70% (n=42/60) of the samples while it was present in 30% (n=18/60) of the samples.Conclusion:PH, residual chlorine and temperature value of majority of the swimming pools’ water samples were within the acceptable limit. Regarding microbial quality, most swimming pools’ water samples complied to the WHO standard. Swimming pools that did not comply to the standard both in physicochemical levels and microbial quality need improvement due to their significant health implication.

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Indoor Air of a Private University in Benin City, Nigeria.

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Indoor Air of a Private University in Benin City, Nigeria.

Assessment of physico-chemical and microbiological surface water quality using multivariate statistical techniques: a case study of the Wadi El-Bey River, Tunisia

Located in the northeastern part of Tunisia, Wadi El Bey drains the watershed through farmland, industrial, and urban areas of the region. It serves to discharge treated wastewater of different types. In this work, the variations of the water quality of Wadi El Bey were studied and evaluated, during 2 years (2012–2013), using multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). In addition, the similarities or dissimilarities among the sampling points were as well analyzed to identify spatial and temporal variations. The results obtained based on the cluster analysis, led to identify three similar water quality zones: relatively polluted (LP), moderately polluted (MP), and highly polluted (HP). The inorganic and organic parameters, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, salmonella, and enterococcus, seemed to be the most significant parameters of water quality. Three factors were identified as responsible for the data structure, explaining 60.95% of the total variance. The first factor is the physical and non-organic chemical parameters explaining 23.48% of the total variance. The second and third factors are, respectively, the microbiological (21.26%) and organic-nutrient (16.2%).This study shows that multivariate statistical methods can help the water managers to understand the factors affecting the water quality.

Protocol for the recovery and detection of Escherichia coli in environmental water samples

To achieve active management of bathing areas and to reduce risk associated with the presence of fecal pollution, tests capable of rapid on-site assessment of microbiological water quality are required. A protocol for the recovery and detection of fecal pollution indicator bacteria, E. coli, using β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was developed. The developed protocol involves two main steps: sample preparation and GUS activity measurement. In the sample preparation step, syringe filters were used with a dual purpose, for the recovery and pre-concentration of E. coli from the water matrix and as μL reactors for bacteria lysis and GUS extraction. Subsequently, GUS activity was measured using a continuous fluorometric method developed previously. The optimum GUS recovery conditions for the sample preparation step were found to be 100 μL PELB (supplemented with 1 mg mL−1 lysozyme and 20 mM DTT) at 37 °C for 30 min. The protocol was evaluated on environmental samples (fresh and seawater) against an establish GUS assay method (Coliplage®). GUS activities corresponding to samples containing as low as 26 MPN E. coli 100 mL−1 were detected for the seawater sample and as low as 110 MPN E. coli 100 mL−1 for the freshwater samples. By comparison with the Coliplage® method, this protocol offered an improvement in the measured GUS activities of 3.1 fold for freshwater samples and 4.1 fold for seawater samples. Furthermore, the protocol developed here, has a time-to-result of 75 min, and successfully addresses the requirement for tests capable of rapid assessment of microbiological water quality.

Physiochemical and microbiological quality assessment and detection of adulterants of raw milk available in Nakla Upazila, Sherpur, Bangladesh

Abstract not availableSAARC J. Agri., 14(2): 210-217 (2016)

Nutritional and microbiological quality assessment of salt-smoke-dried product prepared from tengra (Mystus tengara) kept at ambient (26-28°C) and refrigeration temperature (4°C)

Study was conducted to identify the changes in nutritional and microbiological aspects of fresh, smoked, salt-smoke-dried (SSD: treated with salt, smoke and sunlight), Control dried (CD: treated only with sunlight) tengra (Mystus tengara) during storage at ambient temperature (26-28oC) and refrigeration temperature (40C). The study was done to investigate the effect of natural preservatives salt and smoke on the shelf life of the product over the storage period. The moisture content of fresh tengra was 76.06% whereas 18.80 and 18.36% for SSD and CD respectively. Fresh tengra had 13.45% protein, 7.46% lipid and 2.80% ash. The initial value of protein, fat and ash content of SSD tengra was 63.40, 19.95 and 16.55% respectively on dry matter basis. During 60 days storage period moisture increased whereas protein, fat, and ash content decreased considerably. After two month storage at ambient temperature the protein, lipid and ash content for SSD tengra were 62.75, 19.07 and 15.99% respectively whereas the values of the same parameters stored at refrigeration temperature were 62.54, 19.54 and 16.12% respectively on dry matter basis. The initial TVB-N and SPC value for SSD tengra was 5.86 mg/100g and 1.02×104 CFU/g respectively. During storage period the TVB-N and SPC value slowly increased and the values reached to 18.21 mg/100g and 3.32×104 CFU/g respectively for salt-smokedried tengra stored at ambient condition whereas 11.81mg/100g and 2.14×104 CFU/g respectively for the products stored at refrigeration temperature. The overall quality of salt-smoke-dried product was better than control dried product on the basis of organoleptic, nutritional and microbial aspects. Information obtained from this study it is cleared that, combination of salting, smoking and drying is efficient method of fish processing which could be useful to consumers, processors, and nutritionist at national and global basis.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 678-684

Microbiological Qualityassessment and Detection of Fecal Escherichia Coli (Coliform) in Foods of Animal Origin Sold in The Open Markets of Kolkata City in India

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate the microbiological quality of marketed foods of animal origin in the city of Kolkata. A total 300 various categories of food samples comprising of retail raw beef (n=75), goat meat (n=75), chicken (n=75) and unpasteurized poultry eggs (n=75) were collected from different open domestic market of Kolkata. The aerobic bacterial contamination load were estimated in retail raw beef ranging from 1.2x105 to 4.1x107 cfu/g, goat meat 2.9x105 to 5.3x106 cfu/g, chicken 3.3x104 to 5x106 cfu/g and unpasteurized eggs <1 to 2.1x107 cfu/ml. The fecal Escherichia coli (Coliform) was detected in 41 of 75(54.66%) raw beef, 47 of 75 (62.66%) goat meat, 53 of 75(70.66%) chicken and 3 of 75(04.00%) unpasteurized poultry eggs. These findings indicate substantial presence of microbial contaminants in foods of animal origin in open markets of Kolkata, where dearth of proper sanitation in the market places prevails.

Assessment of Hygienic Practices and Microbiological Quality of Food in an Institutional Food Service Establishment

Safe food handling in school kitchens is an important practice to protect the students from foodborne illnesses. Bacterial count in prepared food is a key factor in assessing the quality and safety of food. It also reveals the level of hygiene adopted by food handlers in the course of preparation of such foods. A case study research was conducted to examine the food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers and bacterial contaminations in food from two women’s hostel kitchens at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences (SHUATS) Allahabad, India. Questionnaires regarding food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices were administered to all the 25 food handlers working at these two kitchens (18 (72%) from old and 7 (28%) from new women’s hostel kitchens) through in-person interviews. A total of 72 cooked food samples (36 from each kitchen) were analyzed for evidence of contamination (total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliforms, and Escherichia coli). The majority of the food handlers did not used good food handling practices and did not practice proper personal hygiene, because majority of them had poor knowledge and attitudes regarding food safety. All the cooked food samples tested had total APC, coliform, and E. coli levels higher than acceptable. The study results, therefore, call for stringent supervision and implementation of food safety practices. Periodic trainings on personal hygiene and good food handling practices will play a pivotal role in improving the safety of the prepared meals in these kitchens.

Assessment of microbiological quality of raw medicinal plants used for the preparation of Ayurvedic drugs

The present study was carried out to know the microbiological quality of raw medicinal plant material available in the market used for the preparation of Ayurvedic drugs. The raw medicinal plant samples tested contained fungi viz. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Penicillium spp., Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp., Alternaria alternata, Fusarium spp. and bacteria viz. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella spp. The presence of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. in samples suggest there might be chances of mycotoxin presence. The presence of “Enterobacteriaceae family and other firmicutes bacteria” reflect the situation regarding fecal contamination. Out of 20 samples, 7 samples for bacteria and 18 samples for fungi were exceeded their individual permissble limit set by WHO.

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Pupuru and Plantain Flours in an Urban Market in Akure, Ondo State, South Western Nigeria

Cassava and plantain flours are commonly used in preparation of a variety of food delicacies in South Western Nigeria. These are however sold in open air markets, and are scarcely required to be subjected to safety checks by food safety authorities. A study was designed to assess the microbiological food quality of cassava (pupuru) and plantain flour purchased from different vendors at Oja-Oba, Akure, Ondo state, as well as the antimicrobial profile of microorganisms identified. Microbiological analyses of sixty (60) food samples were carried out. Results showed highest bacterial counts in plantain flour sample F4 (3.0 × 104 cfu/ml) and least for F1 (0.1× 104 cfu/ml). Fungal count was highest (3.1 × 104 sfu/ml) in plantain flour F4; and least in plantain flour samples F5, F10, F12 with fungal count of 0.5 × 102sfu/ml each. Different samples contained Enterobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., Campylobacter sp., Corynebacterium sp. and Bacillus subtilis. Fungal isolates include Penicillium crustosum and P. chrysogenum, Rhizopus oryzae and Aspergillus niger. Percentage occurrence of isolates includes Enterobacter sp. (0.99%), Klebsiella sp. (91.12%), Acinetobacter sp. (1.97%),Campylobacter sp. (4.61%), Corynebacterium sp. (0.33%), and Bacillus subtilis (0.99%). Most predominant mould was Aspergillus niger, with a percentage occurrence of 45.5%; and least, Penicillium crustosum (4.5%). Gram positive bacteria showed resistance to cotrimoxazole and ceftriaxone; and Gram negative bacteria to zimnacef. The microbial isolates from these flours could cause different food intoxication and illnesses in humans. While prevailing unfavorable environmental conditions and food form may contribute to their presence in samples; their presence is unacceptable and counts need to be kept minimal for consumer safety. Local authorities need to carry out continued vendor education campaigns, and regular quality checks to assess their safety for consumption.

Nutritional, Sensory and Microbiological Quality Assessment of fortified Zobo Drink: A Home-Prepared Traditional Nigerian Beverage

The specific objective of this study was to assess the nutritional, microbiological and sensory qualities of the home-made zobo which was fortified with soybean milk. The Nutritional, safety and sensory analysis of zobo drink (A home-prepared Traditional Nigeria beverage) were assessed. The Nutrient content was enriched with soybean. The beverage was prepared using traditional methods with or without fortification with soybean at the ratio of 2:1 (v/v). Similar samples of the beverage were also brought from the vendors and compared with the laboratory prepared samples. Nutrient values were evaluated on the samples from vendors as well as fortified samples using AOAC while bacteriological quality were analysed using Nutrient and MacConkey agar. Sensory evaluation was carried out on the local beverage fortified with soybean using 1 to 9 hedonic scale by 48 panelists. Chemical analysis revealed an improved nutrient content in zobo drink fortified with soybean compared with home-prepared and laboratory beverage. The values of protein, fat and carbohydrate content of fortified and home prepared beverage were 3.0 ± 0.8 g, 9.0 ± 0.8 g, 6.8 ± 0.8 g and 2.5 ± 0.6 g, 8.5 ± 0.7 g, 6.5 ± 0.7 g respectively comparing the results of laboratory samples monitored along critical control points of processing of the beverage with vendors samples, it was revealed that no pathogenic organisms were recorded. The result of microbiological quality showed that the following microorganisms were isolated from vendors samples (E. coli, Klebsiella sp. Bacillus sp.). The fortified beverage could be a source of contribution to the daily nutrient intake of an individual and should be made available in Nigerian markets to improve the Nutritional status.