Aspects Of Social Practice Research Articles

مفهوم رأس المال الاجتماعي رؤية وتحليل سوسيولوجي

This research aims to discuss the concept of social capital, which has been widely used in the literature of sociology, politics and economics, not only as an analytical tool for various aspects of social practice; but also, it perhaps even more importantly, as an invitation to self-discovery of its sources of power in conditions of globalization. Furthermore, this power is reflected in the ability to establish a capable society of organizing and making progress. In order to define the concept of social capital, the paper will describe and analyze this concept within the framework of the theoretical structure which guided by the concept of social capital, and could developing countries, particularly Arab countries, use and activate this concept?

Multimodality in Hong Kong government posters from the 1950s–1980s: an appraisal analysis and the discursive construction of legitimation

Abstract This paper uses van Leeuwen’s (2008. Discourse and practice: New tools from critical discourse analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press) Authority Legitimation framework to examine government posters published in the 1950s–1980s in Hong Kong, which serve as a means of shaping public opinion and legitimate social action. Martin and White’s (2005. The language of evaluation: Appraisal in english. London: Palgrave Macmillan) Appraisal framework is also applied to provide the study with relevant analytical tools by which to construct evaluatively coherent authorial reading positions propagated by the government in the posters as well as aligning viewers with these desired positions. The government posters being studied are concerned with various aspects of social practices in the domain of public health communication. This paper argues that the representations of these social practices are realized as texts – both visual and verbal – in the posters, as part of a broader recontextualization process where legitimate ways of doing things as stipulated in the government guidelines are recontextualized in these posters and conveyed to members of the public. The aim is two-fold: (1) to provide a systematic analysis of how visual and verbal resources construe evaluation in the government posters and the consequent legitimation discourse as viewers are being persuaded to align with legitimate social practices; (2) to highlight various forms of legitimation, namely, role model authority legitimation, impersonal authority legitimation, and conformity authority legitimation, that are realized in these posters through visual-verbal articulation.

A Study of Socio-Cultural Aspects of Kada To Minaa Toraja Discourse in the Students’ Character Building

This study aims to know the socio-cultural aspects of the discourse kada to minaa Toraja in the formation of the character of learners. This research method is qualitative with an ethnographic design. The data analysis technique in this study is Ethnographic Research Cycle. The results of this study showed that the socio-cultural aspects of kada to minaa Toraja discourse in the formation of the character of learners are: First, the aspect of politeness value in kada to minaa, namely Mekatabe' londong lako to disa'bu' gayang ma'pampang ma'paran-paran. Second, the religious aspect of kada to minaa "Di posulo sulo lalan di pobia' kalambanan." Third, aspects of social practice or habits/rituals contained in kada to minaa, namely "Laku olapa umbating lakulomban pamario." Fourth, aspects of family values in the expression "Totiumba' Batu Rupanna tama Tandung Kalonaran." Fifth, aspects of the value of humility in kada to minaa "Tang lara'ba pa te riu laku lessa', tangmaupu' pa' te umpalumba' sangpatikan anna bisara." Sixth, the religious aspect of kada to minaa speech is "Antan Tundan tongan mora Puang dimatua dao masua anggana to palulungan dao pataralayukna."

Comparative Study of Chinese and American Media Reports on the COVID-19 and Expressions of Social Responsibility: A Critical Discourse Analysis.

Critical discourse analysis aims to explore the dialectical relationship between discourse and ideology. Based on psycholinguistic research, this paper analyzes the Chinese and American media's news reports and comments on the COVID-19. It aims to expose the hidden psychological messages and ideologies behind the words. The corpus in this paper is mainly from the official media of China Daily and Time from December 2019 to January 2021 in China and the United States. This paper uses Wang Zhenhua's Appraisal Theory and Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar as tools to make a comparative analysis of the corpus. At the textual level, languages are classified and lexical choices are analyzed followed by the analysis of the reporter's ideology after reviewing the motivation of the reporters of two countries. On the level of social responsibility expression and discourse, the paper analyzes the news reports, which are characterized by the combination of the reporter's views on the news. In the aspect of social practice, the social and cultural factors and background of news reports are analyzed. China calls for strengthening cooperation and exchanges with other countries to jointly fight the epidemic. The Chinese government has actively shared its experience and made corresponding contributions to international economic recovery. However, the US government shirks its responsibility by claiming that the effective implementation of Chinese methods and experience in China does not mean that it can achieve corresponding results in Europe and the US. At the same time, the United States provides medical supplies to other countries. This study hopes to help awaken readers' critical thinking and increase their awareness of the anti-control of mass discourse. At the same time, it is hoped that readers can view the epidemic from a more scientific perspective, understand the facts and reject the unwarranted panic. It will also help reshape Chinese and American discourse.

How men and women negotiate sociocultural relations in Asante matrilineage (abusua): an ethnographic-based discourse study

ABSTRACTEthnographic studies of matrilineal societies in Africa, including the Asante society in Ghana, demonstrate that the practice of matriliny persistently conditions social relations and organisations insofar as individuals trace their descent through the female line. Some studies argue, however, that the influx of Western discourses in contemporary Asante society offers space for individuals to negotiate and renegotiate sociocultural relations at the intersection of discourse. How do the everyday, intelligible actions of men and women sustain or challenge the taken-for-granted ethnocentric view of matrilineal cultural discourse in Asante society? This article contributes to a better understanding of the cultural aspects of social practices and relations in Africa’s developing societies and participates in cultural discourse studies by de-naturalising the ethnocentric and unproblematic view of matrilineal cultural discourse. This article is an ethnographic-based discourse study, which analyses actions and accounts from a focus group discussion of Asante men and women. It reveals that the Western view of matriliny provides a limited situated cultural understanding of Asante matrilineal cultural discourse, indicating that women actively negotiate authority over children in ways that reproduce the ethnocentric view of matrilineal discourse, while men problematise the actions of women and the ethnocentric view of Asante matrilineal discourse.

Socially - historical aspects of social practice of “halal” food

Socially - historical aspects of social practice of “halal” food

Drunken speech: A glimpse into the backstage of sociality in Western Amazonia

This paper engages notions on sociality by Spanish speaking descendants of Panoan Capanahua from Peru, as revealed in one aspect of social practice. Speaking while inebriated, members of this small Western Amazonian population draw from locally specifi c set of ideas about the nature of social life. Therefore, an overview of various standardized themes and attitudes or modalities of such speeches presented in this paper refl ects different, often confl icting layers of ideas and practice of social life. Because of both their content and notions about the very inebriation, drunken speeches are shown to offer a privileged vantage point for understanding the Capanahua descendants’ notions and realizations of sociality. Indeed, they reveal one of the important problems fuelling the dynamics of their sociality, which is the tension between, on the one hand, perceptible dimension of village sociality governed by ideals of equality and neighbourly conviviality, and on the other, the inherent difference and hierarchy encoded in contested personal histories of origins. The latter are conceived as normally concealed layer of social life, but at the same time they condition local ideas about what might be understood as kinship and descent.

ON THE ARTICULATION OF MARXIST AND NON-MARXIST THEORY IN COLONIAL HISTORIOGRAPHY

Postcolonial Theory and the Specter of Capital is an important book on a topic of major importance for all of the human and social sciences. The book’s implications reach far beyond Chibber’s critique of subaltern studies, which is his most obvious focus. Chibber’s overarching argument is twofold: capitalism does universalize itself to the colonial and postcolonial world, but at the same time, capitalism does not permeate or encompass all other aspects of social practice. As it stands, this is already an important argument for social theory generally and not just for analysts working on former colonies like India. The crisis of what used to be called western Marxism led to two main responses among Marxists. While many simply abandoned Marxism, becoming “post-Marxist,” 1 others became “neo-orthodox,” refusing to acknowledge the autonomy of any social practices from capitalism. 2 Chibber’s position is closer to the more nuanced positions of the “regulationist” school; 3 it is also compatible with a neo-historicist critical realism 4 that combines an ontology of emergent causal powers with an anti-essentialist epistemology according to which historically varying conjunctures of causal mechanisms interact in contingent, often unpredictable ways to produce empirical events. The fact that Chibber’s book’s packaging suggests an all-out assault on anyone who would dare to deviate Marxist orthodoxy does not square with the actual content of the book. Chibber’s book is also framed as a critique of Subaltern colonial historiography. Here again, the book’s framing does not provide an accurate sense of the directions in which Chibber’s thinking takes him. Many of Chibber’s specific arguments are broadly consistent with the path-breaking work of the founder of Subaltern Studies, Ranajit Guha. Chibber’s argument restated

Participant Observations of Children’s Communities—Exploring Subjective Aspects of Social Practice

This article contributes to ongoing discussions in psychology about how to explore psychological phenomena as embedded in social practice. While recognising the valuable contributions from ethnographic methodology, we argue that ethnographic explorations in psychology can be developed further in order to shed light on psychological problems in practice. As an exemplary empirical field, we draw on studies of the everyday life of children and how children’s problems in school can be understood and explored as part of their conduct of everyday life across contexts and together with others. Through concrete examples, we elucidate an approach where theoretical concepts guide how researchers conduct observations. It is concluded that such situated observations are at odds with a tendency in psychology to focus separately on isolated individual characteristics. Situated observations thus shift awareness from categorisations of individual children to conflictual social interplay between persons in social practice.

Shifting perceptions, shifting identities: Communication technologies and the altered social, cultural and linguistic ecology in a remote indigenous context

While a digital divide remains evident in many remote Indigenous Australian communities, individual and collective information and communication technologies practices have developed in accordance with broadband, satellite or WiFi availability. This article examines the ways in which Indigenous youth in remote Australia are ‘coming of age’ in contexts where digitally‐mediated social interaction is a taken‐for‐granted aspect of social practice, communication and learning. While there are many positive aspects to this rapid development, it can also lead to intergenerational tensions as young people explore new patterns of behaviour, and older people come to terms with new cultural challenges. Drawing on long‐term ethnographic observations in Central Australia, the impact of technology and the shift in perceptions, communication modes, and social and cultural practice across the generations in the Western Desert region are traced.

기술 표준 제정과 거버넌스 접근법: 전기공사 마스터 스펙 사례

For a few recent years, KECA(Korea Electrical Contractor Association) has promoted a project to establish an electrical construction specification called Master Spec. This paper analyses the characteristics of standards-making process of the Master Spec. as an umbrella technical standard in electrical construction industry in Korea. This paper argues that even if the Master Spec. is recognized to be technical standards, the standards-making process involves both technical and social practices when viewed from social construction theory and governance perspective. This aspect of social practices in technical standards making should be well understood because various stakeholders in terms of interests, resources, and motives try to influence the process positively and negatively. KECA in responsible for enactment of the Mater Spec. should be very thoughtful in building consensus first of all among electrical contractors, managing relationship with concerned government officials, and dealing with potential deviant groups as well as in pooling expertises and developing technical knowledge needed for designing technical specification.

Discurso e etnografia na pesquisa sobre letramento na comunidade.

In this paper on literacy in the community, I argue for the gains of research in discourse, particularly Critical Discourse Analysis, in combination with an ethnographic approach. If for one hand Discourse Analysis proposes to be a tool to make clear the ideological investments in textual materiality (Fairclough, 1992), on the other hand such investment is partially raised in social practices and their networks, of which it is a part. From the relation of discourse with other aspects of social practice, such as participant’s systems of values, beliefs and knowledge in the events, upsurges the need to incorporate an ethnographic approach, as much as a mode of knowledge production as a set of techniques implemented to generate data on those aspects of social practice.

Critical Discourse Analysis in Political Studies: An Illustrative Analysis of the ‘Empowerment’ Agenda

In the first sections of this article I give a simple and general account of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and how it might contribute to the theoretical and methodological repertoire of political studies through its discourse-dialectical theory of how discourse figures as an aspect of social practices without reducing those practices to discourse. In the final section I give a short illustrative example of how a CDA approach to detailed textual analysis might also be applied to specific texts (or groups of texts) in the political arena: in the example I take the press release in which the national UK government heralded its recent ‘empowerment’ White Paper, ‘Communities in Control’.

Medarbejderinvolvering i ord og gerning - en kritisk diskursanalyse

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Employee Involvement in Both Word and Deed Discourse analysis deals with the use of language as social practice. The focus of analysis is on text, discursive practice as well as social practice. Its purpose is to show how social and cultural change takes place. Critical discourse analysis sees aspects of social practice as discur¬sive, that is, a practice in which written and oral manifestations are produced and interpreted. These texts are both constituted by and constituent for social practice. This dialectical approach ma¬kes discourse analysis particularly use¬ful for apprehending social changes. While this approach can help reach an understanding of the main discourse be¬hind the text itself, there are problems with the theoretical analysis of how dis¬course construes subjectivity and the meaning of body language for the dis¬course. A discourse analytical review of orga-nization literature on employee involve¬ment and face to face communication re¬veals that employees are seen in the ab¬stract, they are objectivized, and are seen as harmony seeking, rational individuals without histories or biographies. To exemplify discourse analysis in face to face communication with employees, a videotaped conversation between a fac¬tory director and one of the production leaders is analyzed and reveals the domi¬¬nant discourse that characterizes the con¬versation and how the factory director places the problem on the production leader. Discourse analysis can provide a critical theoretical insight into employee involvement by for instance revealing the paradox that by making the employees into objects, they are supposed to become independent, responsible subjects. Hen¬ce it can be useful in contributing to un¬derstanding employee involvement.

Engaging with difference in science classrooms: Using CDA to identify interpersonal aspects of inclusive pedagogy

Critical discourse analysis (CDA) can be a powerful tool for focusing on aspects of social practice which might otherwise go unremarked but which may have a significant impact on who has access to a specific area of learning. The quality of interpersonal relationships has long been acknowledged as a crucial aspect of success in teaching, including teaching in ‘content’ area subjects such as science. However, the development of excellence in this aspect of science pedagogy is given scant attention, with disciplinary content being the main focus of most curriculum reforms designed to make science more accessible for all. This may be due in part to a paucity of research into ways of creating a positive interpersonal environment in science which in turn may be due to an ignorance of the best tools available for this purpose. My research attempts to redress this balance somewhat by providing critical analyses, using CDA, of the pedagogical discourse practices of teachers who are successful in engaging a wide range of students in school science. In this article I will focus on how difference and intertextuality have been handled in a short sample of text taken from a ‘learning support’ Year 9–10 science class.

Hidden dimensions of work and learning: the significance of unpaid work and informal learning in global capitalism

Over the past two centuries capitalist social relations and their underlying dynamics have become increasingly pervasive in the spaces of human life, and in particular in the relationships between employment and organized forms of education. The massive scope of this commodification has tended to obscure the enduring significance of other aspects of social practice, especially unpaid work and informal learning and their interrelations with education, employment and each other. These hidden dimensions continue to constitute large parts of our social lives and represent very substantial resources for progressive change in established forms of paid work and formal education. This paper develops this argument and provides some supportive evidence from a Canadian national survey on learning and work.

Pragmatist and Poststructuralist Critical Legal Practice

-about the social, cultural, and political conditions in which we produce our thought; -about whether or how, in these conditions, it makes sense for us to cast our scholarship as arguments for or against any particular aspect of social practice or state of the social world; -about precisely how-at what levels of ideology, choice, and action-we understand our evaluative scholarship to extricate itself from whatever it is we mean to be contending against; -about precisely how-at what levels of ideology, choice, and action-we imagine that our scholarship might work to move the world closer to whatever it is we mean to be contending for.