Regional Aspects Research Articles

Birth Rate among Migrants from Central Asia in Russia: Regional Aspect

Birth Rate among Migrants from Central Asia in Russia: Regional Aspect

Regional economic growth and post-Keynesian economics: unfit for purpose?

This paper sets out to critically analyze the ways in which economic growth theories have been engaging with the regional, or sub-national, aspect of economic growth. Although mainstream theories are also assessed, the primary focus is on post-Keynesian growth theories, and particularly on a regional branch of the Kaldorian literature. First, key notions, such as methodological individualism, methodological nationalism, and emergent properties are presented, and how they are related to both neoclassical and post-Keynesian economics. Second, the paper critically presents mainstream theories and their shortcomings in tackling regional aspects of economic growth. Third, the Kaldor-inspired literature on regional growth is critically discussed. While this Kaldorian literature presents itself as critical of mainstream theories in general, its treatment of the spatiality of economic growth remains cursory. This paper is intended to provide a constructive and sympathetic critique of the post-Keynesian literature in general, and the Kaldorian literature in particular; its key objective is to call post-Keynesian researchers’ attention to some of the literature’s deficiencies, to indicate areas of synergy between post-Keynesian economics and evolutionary economic geography, and to suggest a new and promising interdisciplinary research agenda.

Regional aspects of increasing accessibility financial services for the population

Ensuring the availability of financial services at the regional level depends on external and internal factors, including the demands of society as a whole, the needs of citizens, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to expand opportunities for obtaining financial services in municipalities of the regions. The fundamental goal of the state is to neutralize the influence of external and internal factors, which will not only ensure the financial security of an individual, but of the country as a whole.The analysis and assessment of the level of accessibility of financial services in the country's hotel region allows us to identify the features that affect the current state and systematize the directions of its provision. Monitoring the availability of financial services makes it possible to develop and implement a set of measures taking into account the specifics of the socio-economic situation of the municipality. Special attention should be paid to the availability of financial services in remote areas. The effectiveness of implemented measures largely depends on the objectivity of the assessment of the existing infrastructure, which determines the direction of the developed measures.

Assessing Relationships Between Deer (Cervidae) Damage and Stand Structure of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) Stands in Hemiboreal Latvia

Intensive forest management has promoted an increase in deer (Cervidae) population density. Various silvicultural activities, such as pre-commercial thinning, can change the feeding conditions for deer species, therefore impacting browsing pressure on target tree species. In this study, we analyzed how several factors, including the density of the main tree species, admixture, undergrowth, and forest type, affect deer damage intensity in pine stands, considering deer densities and regional aspects in hemiboreal Latvia. GLMM analysis, based on data from 1238 sample plots, showed that the probability of browsing damage decreases with an increase in the density of undergrowth in young (<20 years) pine stands with a dominant height below 3 m. Also, the probability of pines being damaged by deer was significantly (p = 0.001) higher in stands with fresh pre-commercial thinning than in those with no thinning. However, differences in deer density between regions also determined browsing pressure. Results indicated that undergrowth density, pre-commercial thinning, and deer density may be important drivers of damage levels, especially in the winter browsing of young pine stands on wet mineral soils. Therefore, future research should continue to evaluate applied forest management strategies in hemiboreal forests that provide additional natural food base in the form of woody plants and shrubs in winter forage to ensure more deer-adapted practices.

ЕКСПОРТ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ: РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ

Introduction. Agriculture is one of the important export-oriented sectors of the economy of Ukraine. In the conditions of constant structural changes in the economy under the influence of economic and political instability, it is expedient to investigate the place of agricultural products in commodity exports of Ukraine, as well as in the formation of the export potential of the regions. It is urgent to identify the regional peculiarities of the export of agricultural products, to determine the specialization of the regions. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to analyze the regional structure of agricultural exports, to determine the place of agriculture in the commodity exports of the regions, to point out the changes in the export structure caused by the full-scale war. Metods. The conducted research was based on the analysis of statistical data on export volumes in Ukraine and in the regions. Conclusions about regional aspects of export of agricultural products are made on the basis of data systematization, scientific abstraction and methods of comparative analysis. Results. The current trends in the export of agricultural products of Ukraine were studied. The share of regions in the formation of commodity exports of agricultural products of Ukraine has been established. The changes in the export structure (in terms of main product groups and subgroups) that took place under the influence of a full-scale war were determined. The share of agricultural products in the formation of the commodity structure of the regions' exports has been determined, and the export specialization of the regions (within agricultural products) has been determined. The main exporters, problems and promising directions of export development in the regions are indicated. It has been established that in certain regions of Ukraine, agricultural export plays a key role in the formation of the region's export potential. Conclusions. Based on the results of the conducted research, conclusions were made about the specialization of regions by types of agricultural products, the peculiarities and changes in trends regarding the export of agricultural products in the regions were indicated.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНЫЕ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ЗЕМНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЮГА О. САХАЛИН ПО ДАННЫМ GNSS НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ

In the regional structural-neotectonic aspect, the south of Sakhalin Island consists of three submeridional uplifts and two troughs separating them. The geodynamic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) network installed in the south of the island made it possible to estimate secular vertical movements of the earth's surface based on interseismic velocities in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. The interseismic vertical movements of neotectonic structures were determined from the data of 29 GNSS observation points where 3 to 6 periodic measurement cycles were completed from 1999 to 2012. A characteristic feature of interseismic movements of the earth's surface is the uplift of the entire Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk neotectonic region at an average rate of 1.1 mm/yr, which is in the agreement with the geological and geomorphological studies of the neotectonic evolution of Sakhalin. The highest velocities (1.0–1.6 mm /yr) are confined to uplifts, relatively lower velocities (0.6–0.7 mm/yr) occur in troughs. The revealed inhomogeneities of vertical velocities in the troughs are reflected in the regional field of horizontal deformations and kinematics of faults bounding the troughs. The obtained estimates of the secular neotectonic rates do not agree with the Map of recent vertical movements of the earth's crust of the Sakhalin Island (hereinafter referred to as the RVMEC Map) compiled in the late 1970s. Its geodetic justification was based on the lines of repeated high-precision leveling and the data of sea level observation posts. According to the RVMEC Map, the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk neotectonic region, as a whole, was characterized by the subsidence of the earth's surface at rates up to 7–8 mm/yr both within the neotectonic uplifts and the troughs and were interpreted as secular tectonic movements. Strong seismic events that occurred during the period of repeated leveling (1959–1977) distorted the RVMEC Map as a map of secular tectonic movements in southern Sakhalin.

A bibliometric analysis of Indonesian ethnic food studies

This study examines the evolution and growth of research on ethnic cuisine in Indonesia over a thirty-year period (1993–2023) using a bibliometric analysis. The findings revealed that research in this field has grown with an average annual expansion of 6.7%. Thematic evolution highlights a shift in focus from the cultural and regional aspects of ethnic cuisine to scientific and nutritional dimensions, such as health benefits, functional foods, and modernized practices. Additionally, this study identifies key trends, including the role of gender and age in shaping food preferences, the contrasts between rural and urban dietary behaviors, and influence of globalization on traditional food systems. A trend of collaborative research was observed, with international partnerships involving nations such as Malaysia, Japan, China, and Canada underscoring the global appeal and relevance of Indonesian ethnic food research. This study highlights the growing interdisciplinary and international nature of research in this field. Recommendations for future studies include exploring diverse perspectives, and expanding cross-national research to address the dynamic challenges and opportunities in ethnic cuisine studies.

Managing Customer Satisfaction of Residential Real Estate Consumers in Terms of Business Adaptation to the New Economic Reality

The dependence of the competitive development of the regional economy and the possibility of effective implementation of large-scale innovative transformations in their sectoral spheres on the level of provision of the labor resource with comfortable and well-maintained housing that meets modern requirements for a wide range of different indicators is indicated. The necessity of developing the residential real estate market and the housing sector within individual territories in the vector of increasing the demanded quality of residential facilities under construction is argued. The quality of residential real estate objects becomes the criterion that allows you to measure tasks for innovative changes of various nature in different components of the functioning and development of society with the possibility of their successful solution by the efforts of the labor resource, as well as by increasing the professional and creative activity of its human-centered link. The purpose of the study is to develop and test a methodological approach to assessing and managing customer satisfaction with residential real estate in the context of marketing and behavioral adaptation of business to the requirements of innovative changes in the interests of strengthening the competitiveness of the regional economy. The achievement of this goal can be achieved by creating marketing and communication fields balanced in terms of resources and motivations by various subjects of market relations focused on partnership in solving the problems of meeting the needs of their workforce in high-quality housing that meets the requirements of the new economic reality reflecting the various boundaries of the VUGA era. The regional aspect of solving the problem of providing residential real estate for the labor resource in the Krasnodar Territory is considered. Some significant issues of the development of the housing market and related spheres of activity are outlined in the framework of solving priority tasks of innovative renewal of sectoral spheres of activity and the country's acquisition of technological and economic sovereignty. A methodological approach to managing customer satisfaction of residential real estate consumers is proposed and analyzed, taking into account the mutual influence of various factors that determine the marketing and behavioral adaptability of business to the requirements of society in terms of building the potential of competitiveness of the regional economy.

National and regional aspects of formation of physical culture and recreation environment in educational institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan

National and regional aspects of formation of physical culture and recreation environment in educational institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan

Tools for Business Climate Transformation: Regional Aspect

Tools for Business Climate Transformation: Regional Aspect

Modern characteristics of the health status in higher education students and factors shaping it (literature review)

The economic development of a state is largely determined by an effective system of training highly qualified personnel and is greatly influenced by the health status in young people. Students are constantly under the influence of a complex of factors: socio-economic, environmental, medical-biological, climatic-geographical, and others, the combined impact of which can lead to both improvement and deterioration of their health. Consequently, studying the risk factors affecting the health in students is a relevant direction and the basis for effective primary prevention of adverse factor influences during the learning period. The aim of this work is to examine the current aspects of modern students’ health status and the factors affecting it. To achieve this goal, an analysis of literary data included in the databases “Scopus”, “Web of Science”, “PubMed”, “eLibrary”, and “Cyberleninka” was conducted. The search was carried out using queries “Student morbidity”, “Student health”, and “Risk factors”. As a result, it was established that the health status in student youth is deteriorating. Medical students have lower health indices compared to students from other universities. Climatic-geographical and ecological features of the region (using Primorsky Krai as an example) was shown to be potent of causing specific deviations in the health status of young people. Thus, despite active research conducted in recent years on the problem of student health status, determining the factors influencing its formation, and developing and implementing preventive measures remains an unresolved task. This problem requires further research, especially in the regional aspect.

THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEFINITION AND ASSESSMENT OF TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT OF LAND USE IN REGIONS

The relevance of the research topic is proven. The goal has been achieved regarding the formation of theoretical approaches to the definition and assessment of the territorial development of land use in the regions. Solved tasks: systematization of theoretical provisions regarding the determination of territorial development of land use in regions; substantiation of directions for assessment of territorial development of land use in regions. As a result of the study, theoretical approaches to determining the territorial development of land use in the regions were identified and substantiated: functional; factorial; normative and legal; stakeholder; institutional; effective. A systematic approach is substantiated, which consists in the fact that the territorial development of land use of regions is defined as a systemic category, which is ensured through the interaction of factors, stakeholders, institutions to achieve the effectiveness of land use and the formation of a qualitatively new environment for the development of territories. The categorical apparatus for determining the territorial development of land use in regions, which is based on a theoretical and methodological platform that includes regional and territorial aspects, system characteristics, features of land use, a set of spatial, urban planning, environmental, investment and innovation, security, social, stakeholder factors, has been improved , which makes it possible to form directions for increasing the efficiency of land use and a qualitatively new environment with the use of a monitoring geo-information system. Proposed directions for assessing the level of provision of territorial development of land use in regions, which allow forming a quantitative basis for forecasting changes in relevant factors and integral indicators and developing scientifically based recommendations

REAL ESTATE VALUATION: FORMATION AND DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION

It has been proven that in modern conditions for ensuring regional development, increasing the efficiency of real estate use, which is defined as an important asset that includes a complex of structural elements, is of particular importance. An urgent issue is the provision of a complete and reliable assessment of real estate, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of regions. The formation and use of real estate is influenced by a set of factors that have a multifaceted nature. This requires the development of management solutions based on an appropriate quantitative basis. The goal of the research on the development of directions for real estate evaluation, taking into account regional aspects, has been achieved. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: identifying the factors of real estate use at the regional level; definition of real estate. The definition of real estate is proposed, which, as defined, is a complex category characterized by structural components and includes land plots, objects of immovable above-ground and underground property, infrastructure structures, taking into account the space that is located next to and around the objects, and the influence of spatial, urban planning, environmental, investment factors that have long-term use and movement of which leads to a change in functional purpose. As a result of the study, a definition of real estate was proposed, which made it possible to form a theoretical and methodological basis for its assessment. Real estate valuation has a complex nature and is determined by a system of interdependent actions aimed at forming a quantitative basis for making informed decisions. For evaluation, methods and evaluation models are proposed, which forms the appropriate methodology, taking into account the influence of spatial, urban planning, environmental and investment factors. The need to transform existing approaches to real estate valuation has been established.

Regional aspects of availability of expectorants and antitussive drugs

Background. In the Russian Federation (RF), the problems of supplying the population with medicines are associated with both their physical and economic accessibility, which are heavily dependent on such various external shocks as pandemic, special military operation and other ones. There is a regional differentiation in the availability of individual drugs and their price levels, which determines the variability of market responses to external shocks and government-developed mechanisms for stabilizing markets.Objective: to reveal regional availability dependencies of antitussive drugs and expectorants.Material and methods. The study was carried out using data from the online retail sales analytics service in the RF, which forms a database based on cash receipts containing information on the sales price of drugs for 55 trade names (TNs) for the period from January 1, 2021 until December 31, 2023 in the context of 83 RF constituent entities. Analysis included assessment of the structure of medicines sold by their composition, place of production, inclusion in the list of vital and essential drugs, as well as dynamics, variations and spatial autocorrelation of prices, availability of medicines in the regions of RF.Results. Availability of the range increased for 35 out of 55 drugs under review while all TNs under consideration in 2023 were represented only in 5 RF constituent entities. Prices were characterized by high variation both in TNs and RF constituent entities, varying from 13% (Doktor MOM®) to 181% (Kuka). The dynamics of prices for domestic and foreign produced drugs until 2022 and after this timepoint differed. The economic availability of medicines in terms of TNs and RF constituent entities was in a very wide range (from 0.003 to 1.4 daily median income). These differences were not chaotic, but spatially dependent: positive spatial autocorrelation of prices was established.Conclusion. The analysis revealed a different range and affordability of drugs in regions where external shocks have a significant influence on their dynamics. At the same time, we observed the variability of the restoration rate of spatial equilibrium of drug markets in terms of TNs and their different regional economic and assortment availability, that should be considered when designing stabilization activities.

Regional Aspects of Transformations in Agriculture: The Case of the Republic of Bulgaria

Transformations in agriculture not only change the ways in which natural resources and social capital are used but are also a prerequisite for different opportunities to create added value and improve the viability and sustainability of rural areas. The purpose of this article is to assess the differences and effects of transformations in agriculture in the Bulgarian regions. Based on statistical data from the Censuses of agricultural holdings in 2010 and 2020, the DEA method was applied. Six models (three input-oriented and three output-oriented) were constructed and tested, and the efficiency coefficients were assessed on a regional level. The degree of structural changes and the efficiency of the used production and other resources were evaluated, and conclusions were drawn. In the majority of the models, differences were observed between the Northern regions of the country and the South Western and South Central regions. The most significant are the efficiency coefficient of the labor force used, and the output produced, the gross value added, and the net mixed income. In the other models, multidirectional changes were observed. The North Western is the region in which all calculated efficiency coefficients increased, and in the North Eastern and South Eastern regions, the most calculated coefficients decreased. Based on the analysis, recommendations related to region-specific agricultural policies for better resource allocation and sustainable development are proposed.

Learning mechanisms and firms’ performance in the global south: reflections from Ludhiana’s manufacturing firms

PurposeThis study examines the impact of doing, using and interacting (DUI) and science, technology and innovation (STI) learning mechanisms on firm performance, investigating their influence on financial performance through innovative performance in machine tools and textile manufacturing firms in Ludhiana, Punjab, India.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data was collected through a survey of 202 manufacturing firms across two industries, as secondary data inadequately captures learning mechanisms, particularly for DUI mode. The study employed structural equation modelling (SEM) alongside descriptive analysis to examine the impact of STI–DUI learning mechanisms on performance.FindingsThe study reveals that firms, despite minimal investment in formal R&D, effectively learn through networking and imitation (DUI mechanisms). They also benefit from local industrial training institutions. Notably, innovative performance mediates the relationship between learning mechanisms (imitation, networking and industry institutions) and firms' financial performance.Originality/valueThe literature was found to be scant in terms of understanding the nature of firms learning mechanism, especially for the firms undertaken for the analysis. Although having distinguished nature of knowledge and learning required to compete for the products manufactured in machine tools and textiles industries, local conditions, domestic national institutions and regional aspects makes the industries unique case to understand the challenges amidst unique features of these industries. The study is expected to fill-in the gap in the literature of manufacturing industries belonging to developing countries in the era of increasing technological competition in the integrated world economies.

Exploring regional aspects of intermunicipal cooperation: an analysis of municipal federations for upper secondary education in Sweden

ABSTRACT Throughout most of Europe, intermunicipal cooperation (IMC) has become an important answer to a range of challenges. In this article, the aim is to contribute to knowledge about mechanisms that influence how delegated bodies for IMC are upheld over time and how such processes are shaped by different regional contexts. This is done through a comparative study of the formation and upholding of three municipal federations in upper secondary education in Sweden. Through this article, I contribute to a current debate on the role of norms of cooperation and regional contextual factors in the emergence and upholding of IMC arrangements.

Early‐Stage Extratropical Cyclones' Mechanisms Over South America: RCM Added Value and Future Changes in a Warmer Planet

ABSTRACTRegional climate models (RCMs) from the CORDEX enable further investigations of the regional aspects of climate change impacts in South America. Here, we assess the CORDEX‐RCMs' present and future projections of extratropical cyclones, focusing on their frequency, early‐stage synoptic features, and added value relative to the global climate models (GCMs). Cyclones were tracked using a common algorithm in the present (1985–2005) and future RCP8.5 scenarios (2080–2099). ERA5 reanalysis was used as reference data in the present climate. Both GCMs and RCMs can identify the three major cyclone hot spots in South America: Argentina (ARG), La Plata Basin (LPB), and the south‐southeast Brazilian coast (SBR). RCMs improve GCMs' representation of the cyclogenesis frequency, adding value by decreasing the biases (~10%). Early‐stage cyclone synoptic structure also indicates RCMs' improvement of the low‐level fields by presenting mesoscale structures of warm/cold advection and moisture flux convergence/divergence in greater agreement with ERA5 (except for moisture flux divergence for LPB). RCMs and GCMs project a general decrease in cyclogenesis for the end of the century. For the cyclogenesis cores, GCMs' and RCMs' projections agree on the trend signals in SBR, LPB, and ARG in austral winter and disagree in ARG in austral summer. For LPB and SBR cyclogenesis, the RCMs and GCMs suggest a future increase in moisture flux convergence and warm advection at low levels, while a decrease in upper level divergence is projected. This indicates a reinforcement of cyclogenesis (negative sea‐level pressure trend) in the future due to the low‐level features and associated diabatic processes. For ARG, the future trends in the mean structure of cyclogenesis are relatively weak. Following other studies, cyclogenesis frequency may decrease; however, changes could occur in some important physical processes, such as low‐level moisture flux convergence and warm advection, suggesting more intense events in the future.

Актуальные проблемы изучения взаимодействия советского неофициального искусства 1960-1980-х гг. с наследием авангарда

The aim of the study is to analyze the actual problems of studying the succession of creativity of unofficial artists with the legacy of avant-garde in the artistic culture of the USSR in the 1960s and 1980s. The article notes the modern concepts of domestic researchers, considering the general patterns of development of the creative method of unofficial artists and avant-garde representatives, points out the issues of terminology, periodization and regional aspects of unofficial art, without which understanding the interrelations between tradition and modernity in the artistic culture of the second half of the 20th century is not possible. The scientific novelty is that a new understanding of the succession of unofficial art with the tradition of avant-garde is proposed from the standpoint of applying a historical and cultural approach. As a result, it is proved that the formation of modern methodology of study of forms of avant-garde interpretation in the creativity of unofficial artists is necessary in conjunction with interdisciplinary studies, as it contributes to the development of a broader view on problem.

Military security in the Arctic: New threats to Russia

In recent years, the military and political landscape in the Arctic has changed significantly. This region has been rapidly losing the status of a ‘zone for peace and cooperation’, turning into an arena of increasingly intense interstate rivalry. The accession of Sweden and Finland to NATO became a landmark event in the evolution of the military and political situation in the Arctic. This article attempts to identify the causes and driving forces behind these processes, as well as to assess the threats they pose to Russia’s national security. In the first section the authors argue that the NATO countries under the pretext of the growing hybrid threat from the Russian Federation have themselves launched an active information campaign in the spirit of hybrid warfare aimed at demonizing Russia and enforcing on public a Cold War-style black-and-white picture of reality as a ‘zero-sum game’. Moreover, the authors emphasize that this anti-Russian campaign began long before the aggravation of the ‘Ukrainian crisis’. As such, it reflects the American elites’ awareness of the growing decline in the U.S. influence and the erosion of the ‘rules-based order’. The second section examines the specific steps taken by the United States and its allies in order to build up their military and political potential in the Arctic and accelerate the militarization of the region. Special attention is paid to the bilateral agreements on security cooperation between the United States and Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. According to these agreements, Washington was able to deploy personnel, equipment and weapons in these countries on a permanent basis and conduct military exercises. In these conditions, the main threats to Russia’s military security in the Arctic, according to the authors, include: deployment of the U.S. / NATO military infrastructure and troops in the region; the formation of an anti-Russian bloc of Scandinavian states under the control of the alliance; modernization of the Arctic powers’ armed forces; intensification of naval activities of NATO countries in the Arctic seas. In general, the military-strategic situation in the Arctic has already deteriorated significantly with regard to the national interests of the Russian Federation. However, the authors stress that both the current situation in the region and possible scenarios for its future development cannot be assessed in isolation from the general crisis of international relations, focusing solely on regional aspects of security. Apart from the Arctic, tensions are growing in other regions of the world, which also requires the West to allocate there more resources in order to maintain its influence.