Aspects Of Modernization Research Articles

SECULARIZATION AND ITS DISCONTENTS

From the beginning of sociology in the mid-19th century, the dominant concern was with the emergence of industrial society. Early sociologists had a lot to say about the significance of religion to this development and vice versa. They laid down a pattern of concepts and theoretical arguments which have tended to highlight a very limited number of reasons for regarding religion as an interesting topic for sociologists. The pattern is dominated by the theme of religion’s eclipse by industrial society. In various ways, and with a bewildering variety of embellishments, social scientists have overwhelmingly framed religion as a topic of marginal and declining significance. Explanations for the downward trajectory of religion have taken many forms, but the ground-bass refers monotonously to aspects of industrialization and modernization. This leads an air of inevitability to the process which is conventionally called ‘secularization’.

O primeiro cinema nas páginas das revistas curitibanas (1907-1913)

Este artigo discute os vestígios do primeiro cinema em Curitiba, Brasil, nas páginas das principais revistas ilustradas que circularam na cidade entre 1907-1913. Naqueles anos, entre outros aspectos da modernização urbana, os serviços gráficos se expandiam em Curitiba, o que permitiu ampla circulação de revistas ilustradas com charges, publicidades e fotografias. Tais periódicos faziam constantes remissões aos lugares de consumo do cinema, que chegara na cidade por intermédio de empreendedores europeus. Em 1909, por exemplo, a revista de humor intitulada“Cinema”evidenciou algumas das conexões existentes entre as próprias revistas ilustradas e aquele primeiro cinema, todos partícipes de um novo tipo de consumo cultural. O objetivo do texto é avaliar aquelas revistas enquanto catalisadoras de um fenômeno cultural amplo, do qual elas mesmas participavam, e cujas dimensões eram transnacionais.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SPECIAL SCHOOL (ON THE MATERIALS OF DISCUSSION WITH TEACHERS)

The article presents current trends in the education of children with special educational needs; innovations in the context of the reform of the Ukrainian school, in particular regarding the content of education; objective changes in the activities of special educational institutions (expansion of the categories of special educational needs of students, introduction of the concept of bilingual education, development of deaf pedagogical technologies of work with children with cochlear implants, etc.). The authorʼs training “Prospects for the development of a special educational institution” was presented, during which, together with teachers, action strategies for responding to existing challenges in teaching students with hearing impairments were developed.Articleʼs purpose: based on the analysis of theoretical sources and opinions of practitioners to determine the main prospects for the development of a special educational institution in the areas (content of education/educational programs, categories of students, level and timing of full secondary education, correctional and developmental support). Conclusions: the analysis of the professional literature shows the urgency of the problem of development of special institutions of general secondary education, the definition of guidelines for reform in accordance with modern changes. At the same time, it is important to create conditions for communication between scientists and teachers-practitioners, to organize trainings and discussions that provide an opportunity to compare problems and find ways to solve them. Based on the generalization of the opinion of practitioners, important aspects of modernization of special education are identified: variability of the standard curriculum and study programs, which takes into account the individual educational needs of students; organization of correctional and developmental, psychological and pedagogical, medical and rehabilitation support; raising the professional level of teachers taking into account changes in modern education; providing special textbooks, manuals and other resources, including electronic, etc.

Digitalization and robotization as instruments for managing the production of innovative goods and services

The absence in modern economic science of a clear idea of the place of robotics in the reproduction process led to the purpose of the study: to determine the place of robotics in managing the reproduction of innovative goods and services in digitalization. The authors conducted a study of the problems of modernization and the creation of a model of industrial-technotronic economic development in the context of digitalization. During the study, the authors identified the main aspects of modernization, the order and stages of transformation. According to the author’s concept, modernization is considered as a form of three levels: the level of the working machine (micro level); level of industrial stage of production, level of national economy. Particular attention is paid to the problem of digitization and robotization of processes as tools for managing the production of goods and services. The authors proposed a new model for the reproduction of goods and services, including, in addition to traditionally production, processes associated with applied research. n the course of the study, a mechanism was developed for the transition from a four-link control system to a five-link (“unmanned technology”). The paper found that the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of digitalization and robotization is of a twofold nature: increasing labor productivity while increasing the number of workers released. The problems associated with the implementation of the digital economy implementation program in Russia are identified. The contradictions that arise during the creation and implementation of “smart robots” in the process of managing the production of goods and services are identified.

Modelling Methodology as the Basis for Implementation of an Interdisciplinary Approach in the Training of Students of Pedagogical Specialties

Introduction.Nowadays, according to the tendencies of education modernisation, an interdisciplinary approach is taking a leading role, based on deepening the links between education and science, which is the most acute problem in the conditions of large amounts of scientific information. The implementation of the interdisciplinary approach is based on the methodology of modelling using information technologies, as a methodology of a new post-industrial stage of scientific culture of research in the digital age, which is of fundamental importance in modern teacher training.Theaimof the present article is to investigate the aspects of modelling methodology using information technologies in the implementation of an interdisciplinary approach in the training of students of pedagogical specialties.Methodology and research methods.In the course of the research, a modelling methodology, a systematic approach, the analysis and generalisation of the results of academic works on the implementation of interdisciplinary, cultural, and meta-subject approaches in education were employed.Results and scientific novelty.The authors conducted the analysis of interdisciplinary approach (interdisciplinary integration) as a leading trend in post-industrial education. It is justified that interdisciplinary training, implemented on the basis of modelling methodology, is of fundamental importance in the formation of general-cultural scientific ideas among students and in their awareness of science as the ideal scientific knowledge. Various aspects of modernisation of teacher training based of modelling methodology are investigated. The main peculiarities of implementation of cultural and meta-subject approaches in the selection of the content of profile training of future teachers are identified. It is revealed that interdisciplinary courses play an important role in the implementation of the interdisciplinary approach. The didactic and methodological principles for the development of model-theoretical interdisciplinary courses for future teachers are established. It is demonstrated that in accordance with the modelling methodology, the main didactic goal of such courses is to teach the implementation of stages for investigating solutions of research problems (objects of processes or phenomena) using information technologies.Practical significance.The materials of the article contribute to the implementation of the interdisciplinary approach in the content of training of students of pedagogical specialties. Also, the research findings might be useful for both theorists of education and for teachers, who are engaged in professional training of students of pedagogical specialties, and all those who are interested in the further development of educational system.

Basic aspects of Talnakh concentrator reconstruction and modernization

Basic aspects of Talnakh concentrator reconstruction and modernization

The institutional framework for industrial sector modernization: the essence and ways of improvement

Relevance of research topic. An institutional mechanism aimed at progressive technical and technological modernization of the production sector as the basis of the national economy is an important component of the transition of Ukrainian industry to an innovative type of development. Formulation of the problem. At the same time, the growth in the level of depreciation of the fixed assets of Ukraine's industry already accounts for two thirds of their initial value, which indicates the gaps in the structure and links between the components of the existing institutional mechanism and leads to its low efficiency. Analysis of recent research and publications. The questions of the essence of the institutional mechanism of economic development and industrial modernization were studied in the works of D. North, C. Polanyi, J. Hodgson, I. Averina, V. Heyets, A. Grytsenko, S. Istomin, G. Kleiner, N. Lebedeva, A. Plotnikova, S. Yashchenko, etc. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Despite the acuteness of the problem of technological renewal of the industrial sector and increase of its competitiveness by means of transition to the innovative type of development, the aspect of industrial modernization has not been studied enough. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the research is to define the essence, structure and directions of development of the institutional mechanism of industrial modernization for overcoming the stagnation and increase the competitiveness of domestic industrial production. Method or methodology for conducting research. Structural-logic, specifically economic methods, method of scientific abstraction, institutional analysis, economic and statistical and expert methods are used in the research. Presentation of the main material (results of work). Institutional mechanism of industrial modernization is a multi-level formation with a large number of vertical and horizontal links between institutions, in which the necessary flows of knowledge, technology and capital are formed with the help of specific instruments, the effectiveness of which is determined by the quality of institutions. Analysis of the state of industrial modernization has revealed a significant share of outdated technologies in the basic industries, a significant outflow of foreign direct investments and insufficient capital investments, which is associated with imperfections in the existing institutional mechanism. They should be managed through a system of monitoring of state of industrial modernization and re-institutionalization of linkages between the state and industrial stakeholders as an important tasks of industrial policy. The field of application results. The results of the study can be used in the improvement of the legal and regulatory framework for industrial development, in the development of programs and action plans of the government to overcome the crisis in the Ukrainian economy. Conclusions according to the article. The research has revealed the essence of the institutional mechanism for modernization of the industrial sector, defined its structure and analyzed its components – institutions, institutes, communication channels and instruments of stimulation. It was determined that its development should be regulated by the state through monitoring of the state of industrial modernization, revision of legislation, selection of effective instruments of industrial policy, reinstitutionalization of communications and formation partnership within the framework “state - industry - science”.

Sustainable Wind Power Plant Modernization

The production of energy in wind power plants is regarded as ecologically clean because there being no direct emissions of harmful substances during the conversion of wind energy into electricity. The production and operation of wind power plant components make use of the significant potential of materials such as steel, plastics, concrete, oils, and greases. Energy is also used, which is a source of potential negative environmental impacts. Servicing a wind farm power plant during its operational years, which lasts most often 25 years, followed by its disassembly, involves energy expenditures as well as the recovery of post-construction material potential. There is little research in the world literature on models and methodologies addressing analyses of the environmental and energy aspects of wind turbine modernization, whether in reference to turbines within their respective lifecycles or to those which have already completed them. The paper presents an attempt to solve the problems of wind turbine modernization in terms of balancing energy and material potentials. The aim of sustainable modernization is to overhaul: assemblies, components, and elements of wind power plants to extend selected phases as well as the lifecycle thereof while maintaining a high quality of power and energy; high energy, environmental, and economic efficiency; and low harmfulness to operators, operational functions, the environment, and other technical systems. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology to assess the efficiency of energy and environmental costs incurred during the 25-year lifecycle of a 2 MW wind power plant and of the very same power plant undergoing sustainable modernization to extend its lifecycle to 50 years. The analytical and research procedure conducted is a new model and methodological approach, one which is a valuable source of data for the sustainable lifecycle management of wind power plants in an economy focused on process efficiency and the sustainability of energy and material resources.

Conceptual foundations of political modernization in Kazakhstan

The need to study the experience of political modernization in Kazakhstan is determined by the fact that the modern Russian Federation largely exhausted the inertial potential of the 1990s, trying to build a model of political modernization, which took into account the national (Russian), world (Western) and regional experience of political and social reforms.The aim of the study was to identify the features of political modernization in Kazakhstan. Based on this goal the following tasks were solved:• to define theoretical and methodological aspects of political modernization;• to identify the features of the study of political modernization in modern political science;• to study the basic concepts of political modernization and features of modernization processes in posttraditional societies.To implement the above goals and solve problems were used methods of discourse analysis. That is why the theoretical and methodological basis of the work is based on the methods developed in the framework of studies of political modernization.

Ecological aspects of modernization of alcohol industry enterprises at the present stage of development

At the present stage of development, the entire world industry has faced the problem of rational use of renewable natural resources, in particular the most efficient ways of wastewater treatment and the use of accumulated waste in the production process as a secondary raw material. In particular, the alcohol industry, as one of the components of food, medical, chemical and various industries,leads to the formation of huge amounts of waste, including wastewater. The food industry, like any other industry, has a negative impact on the environment. Water bodies are the most affected by the food industry. Almost the first place in terms of water consumption per unit of production is the production of alcohol. Consumption of large amounts of water leads to the formation of wastewater, which is highly polluted and adversely affects the environment. Due to the high chemical and biological consumption of oxygen, specific color and odor, suspended solids, low pH value, the purification of such waste in the filtration fields and discharge into water bodies is not possible. The purpose of our work is: 1) conducting the analysis of the alcohol industry potential in Ukraine in recent years, and methods of waste disposal as a potential source for the development of bioenergy. 2) environmental aspects of the alcohol industry modernization at present stage of development and implementation of modern wastewater treatment technologies.

Змееборство в «Гистории королевича Архилабона»: книжные источники, фольклорная традиция и ее модернизация

This paper is concerned with reconstructing the reader’s experience of P. S. Orlov, which influenced his plan for The Prince Archilabon’s Story (1750), and analyzing the plot about fighting the dragon in this fiction in the aspect of modernization and resemantization of epic motifs. In episodes of the hero’s fight with the dragon and the adventures with the lions, the direct sources of the Story are the works of old tradition close to folklore forms – The Yeruslan Lazarevich’s Tale, The Brunzwick’s Tale, The Bova Prince’s Tale. Several details indicate that the author was familiar with the living epic tradition. The ethos of the protagonist and his horse in the episode of the heroic deed (the Dragon-Slayer) was rethought in P. S. Orlov’s Story. Unlike the epic model, the hero is encouraged to exploit the horse, the horse itself appears first as an instrument of providence, then as a comrade-in-arms subordinate to the hero, without anthropomorphic features, but spiritually connected with the owner. The epic opponent (dragon) retains external attributes in the Story (locus of habitat, appearance, course of the battle), in the course of the story, loses its chthonic essence (enemy and sink) and turns into the giver and potential assistant of the protagonist. After changing their usual location in the composition, separate epic motifs lose their initial semantics, while another group of epic motifs (falling a horse to its knees, driving a horse into the ground) is reinterpreted or gets an additional explanation.

Transformation of the educational environment to ensure sustainable development

The relevance of the philosophy of sustainable development of modern society has imposed a certain responsibility on the education sector as one of the main factors in the transformation of public consciousness in the context of social and economic self-fulfillment as a tool for forming an integrated approach to the problems of environmental safety, social equality and economic development of the world community. The article deals with the main aspects of the necessary modernization and transformation of the educational environment in Russia to ensure sustainable development and achieve the Millennium Goals. An attempt was made to assess the implementation of the National Education Strategy for Sustainable Development, for a number of activities and their implementation in the context of modern domestic practice. As a conclusion, the need is stated to modernize the modern educational environment through the prism of rational government decisions at each level of administration.

Некоторые аспекты модернизации экономики Нечерноземья (на примере Вологодской области)

Некоторые аспекты модернизации экономики Нечерноземья (на примере Вологодской области)

ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ВЧИТЕЛЯ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

The article deals with issues related to primary school teachers` professional training in the context of European integration. In particular, the transformational processes in European education of managerial, organizational and content direction are summarized; the main ideas of modernizing the content and process of primary school teachers` professional training in the countries of Europe are pointed out. The attention is drawn to the fact that in European countries the primary school teachers` professional training is considered, first of all, as a way of providing society with a highly-qualified competitive staff, who serve as leaders in the global economic space; secondly, as a means of building a single European space and dimension of education; thirdly, as a process that provides a qualitative transition from instructive to constructive teaching methods focused on active creative and independent activity of students, in particular, the fulfillment of research tasks, solving problem situations, participating in discussions, performing creative works, etc. Also, the article considers some aspects of the content modernization of primary school teachers` professional training in the context of European integration, which are realized by the teaching staff of Primary Education Department of Pedagogical Institute of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University. This is an analytical lecture and seminar work upon European educational experience; an introduction of active teaching methods, a usage of modern strategies, means of organizing students' educational and cognitive activity, etc. The process of primary school teachers` professional training in the context of European integration is aimed at providing a wide range of knowledge, abilities, skills, professional competences, gaining practical experience, forming the ability and motivation for continuous professional development in the system of life-long education, realization of cognitive activity, creativity, purposefulness in actions.

Реформовчий потенціал шкільної освітньої політики Міністерства освіти і науки України (2000 – поч. 2005)

Grounded on the historiographic analysis of legislative, documentary, scientific, sociological sources, carried out on the basis of systemic and interdisciplinary approaches, the deployment of state policy in the field of secondary general education in Ukraine is presented in chronotopic integrity. The subject of the research is the activities of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (within the chronological boundaries of 2000 – early 2005) as a representative and generator of the state policy in the field of school education development. The issue of analysis were the concepts of «reforming of education» as the development of a strategy for changes in the school policy of the state and the concept of «modernization of education» as the production and implementation of conceptually new tactical tasks aimed at the implementation of strategic plans. It is substantiated that the activities of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in the period under study had an active reformatory character and became the second period of reforming the school educating sphere in the history of independent Ukraine. In our opinion, the first is the period of 1991-1993. The work of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in 2000 – early 2005 years was aimed at implementing a new European integration strategy by means of radically modernized tactical steps (introducing and developing state standards of education, an individualized 12-point scale for assessing students' educational achievements, updating the content of the secondary education and ensuring its variability, the transition to a 12-year period of school education and gradual profile of the senior school, the producing of general educational concepts for the modernization of a secondary school, primarily in the aspect of its informatization and computerization, the purposeful formation of the civic qualities, an ecological worldview in children and youth), which corresponded to the realities of globalization processes. The European integration path of development of both the state itself and the education system was combined with the establishing the pedocentric paradigm in school education. At the same time, the reform activities of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine retained elements of rational continuity in developing of the previous modernization changes in the field of school education (increasing the number of schools with the Ukrainian language of learning, deepening the processes of individualization of education). The projects of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine during the period under the study also concerned the urgent educational and social aspects of school modernization – the beginning of the implementation of the «School Bus» program, the state «Teacher» program aimed at improving the social status of the teacher.

INNOVATIVE TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING

The article analyzes important aspects of modernization and transformation of education. Distance learning is seen as an important individualized process of transfer and assimilation of knowledge and skills, which requires further justification of the basic principles of its implementation. The features of the structure of introducing pedagogical technologies of distance learning in the process of professional training of future teachers are revealed. The place and role of distance learning technologies in the system of higher education are determined. It is noted that with the development of technical capabilities of teaching methods and technology, the means of educational activities of the teacher change. It is now possible to use new organizational forms of the learning process using ICT. Today, education focuses on “free development”, high culture, creative initiative, independence, mobility of future professionals. It was found that the main purpose of the use of distance learning technologies in higher education institutions is to provide students with access to electronic educational resources through the use of modern information technology and social networks. Distance learning technologies in higher education reveal the possibilities of a positive impact on solving the main problems in the training of future professionals: improving the quality of education in higher education institutions; realization of needs of future specialists in educational services; increase of professional mobility and activity of future specialists; formation of a single educational space within higher education; individualization of education with a mass of higher education. The results of the study allow substantiating the expediency of introducing distance learning technologies in the training of future teachers. It is established that distance learning provides graduates with access to nontraditional sources of information, increases the efficiency of independent and individual work and creates completely new opportunities for creative selfexpression, development and improvement of various professional skills. And teachers, in turn, are allowed to implement completely new forms and methods of teaching with the use of information technology in the educational process.

Organizational and economic aspects of technical and technological modernization of the poultry farming

The article deals with the problems of development of domestic poultry farming on the basis of technical and technological modernization. The dynamics of the number of new, modernized, and reconstructed poultry facilities was analyzed and the volume of increase in poultry production for slaughter at these enterprises was assessed. Factors constraining the development of modernization processes in the sub-industry are considered. Government support measures for the modernization of the industry have been proposed. According to the author, the implementation of these measures will contribute to the full provision of the domestic market for poultry products and the transformation of the poultry industry into a high-tech sub-industry competitive in the domestic and foreign markets.

Gender and Nation Building in Qatar

Abstract This article explores the relationship between gender and modern nation building in Qatar, with attention to how Qatari women negotiate the challenges of modern development and social change. The article analyzes Qatar’s strategic use of gendered nation-building initiatives, founded on representations of women as both symbols of tradition and markers of modernity, to facilitate modern development and construct a national identity. In addition, the article uncovers the myriad ways Qatari women respond to the state’s gendered initiatives and dualistic expectations, engage with state conceptualizations of modernity and tradition, and negotiate social and religious gender norms. The article argues that Qatari women’s views reflect their strategic negotiation, rather than uncritical submission or acceptance, of social and religious norms alongside increased expectations for participation in the workforce and higher education. The study, derived from fifteen qualitative interviews with Qatari women aged twenty-six to fifty-six, unearths certain trends in participant views on gender roles, modern development, and tradition. The participants express satisfaction with and a desire to maintain established gender paradigms. They simultaneously emphasize the positive aspects of modernization and express concern about a loss of traditional values.

ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF GENDER EQUALITY IN THE SECURITY AND DEFENSE SECTOR

Affirmation of gender equality is one of the aspects of the mankind development process which can be compared by value and closely connected to the global democratization tendency. At the post-industrial stage, the development of men and women equality becomes one of the main aspects of social modernization. The essence of democracy is providing people with rights, the organization of the governmental state on the principle of social contract between equal individuals, who must have the same opportunities for making independent and responsible decisions. Therefore, gender equality is a rather sensitive indicator of the development level of a country. In the system of world renewal and reform, Ukraine tends to integrate into the Euro-Atlantic security model and create a civil society on a modern basis. Such an approach implies the obligation to define clear state gender strategies and the development of an appropriate state gender policy. One of the important aspects of ensuring equal and stable social development with the application of the most effective methods of state intervention is the introduction of the gender approach in the security and defense sector of Ukraine, which becomes a purposeful, systemic and multidirectional governmental activity. It should be noticed that gender policy in this area should be understood as the progress of militaryservice regardless of gender: equality in the perspectives of such service, rights and responsibilities. A new stage of active public assistance in the development of gender policy in the field of security and defense began in 2018 and is still ongoing. Many significant steps have been taken in gender equality in the army and in the fight against gender discrimination. But at the same time, it should be mentioned that today there are some problems in providing gender policy in the military spher; and solving and overcoming of such problems will contribute to increasing the efficiency of the functioning and development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the positive implementation of the state gender policy in the context of European choice of Ukraine in the context of its world and European integration.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AT THE LESSONS OF LABOR TRAINING

The theoretical aspects of modernization of education by the ways of using the innovative technologies with the purpose of vocational guidance of pupil’s youth at the lessons of labor training are examined by the author in the article. The expediency of using the new technologies is grounded and disclosed, the characteristics of innovative technologies and the possibilities of their application are presented in it. Regarding of the vocation guidance activity of the shop teacher, the content of the production functions, the typical tasks of the activity and the content of skills are determined, its implementation to allow significantly increase the level of vocation guidance activity in the general education school.The special place among innovative technologies during the study of labor training, which can be used with vocation guidance activity, is project technology, interactive and gaming, information and communication technologies.Thus, the use of different innovative approaches for vocation guidance at the labor training lessons allows a teacher to organize the educational process in a creative way. The teacher develops a child as a unique person, builds his creative potential, aspiration to independent cognitive activity, and makes learning different and interesting.The use of innovative approaches to the lessons of labor training, pupils learn more about the world of professions, learn their weak and strong points, learn to think creatively, and to some extent can assess their abilities, opportunities, inclinations. However, labor education as an object, linked with the development of pupils’ creative activity, which is one of the main tasks, that arises before the modern Ukrainian school.