Aspects Of Entrepreneurship Research Articles

Narcissism and entrepreneurship: Evidence from six datasets

Widespread attention is being paid to the alleged rise of narcissism in people in general and business leaders in particular. Surprisingly, hardly any studies have focused on the link between narcissism and entrepreneurship. Using self-reported data from 4798 respondents from three countries, we explore the associations between trait narcissism and six different entrepreneurial aspects that represent the entire entrepreneurial process. Overall, our findings suggest that a positive link exists between narcissism and entrepreneurship that is particularly salient in the early stage of the entrepreneurial process (e.g., entrepreneurial intention) and in the individual aspects of entrepreneurship (e.g., entrepreneurial orientation, well-being of the entrepreneur). Our additional analyses reveal that the adaptive aspect of narcissism (i.e., leadership/authority) is most consistently linked to entrepreneurship and that the links between narcissism and entrepreneurship are predominately linear. Finally, our findings are largely robust when different sets of controls are added.

SPATIAL DIVERSITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF RURAL COMMUNES IN EASTERN POLAND IN 2009-2018

Local government units are developing in an increasingly complex environment that is a place of concentration of economic activity and is a creator of local and regional development. Their activities target all types of resources, i.e., financial, human, material and information. The aim of the article is to rating the diversity of infrastructure of rural communes of Eastern Poland in relation to development. The measurements were carried out using a synthetic measure in a system of 484 communes. Data from the Local Data Bank for 2009-2018 was used as the source material. Development is a general process, multi-dimensional process, covering economic, social, environmental, political and cultural aspects. Regions with a high level of infrastructure development are areas recognized by investors and residents as attractive places for doing business and living. The level of infrastructure development in a given local system in terms of its structure, location, quality and accessibility has a very strong impact on its development. In 2018, the infrastructure measure ranged from 0.23 (best unit) to 0.91 (the weakest unit), and from 0.35 to 0.91 in 2009. In 2018, the measure of development ranged from 0.43 to 0.82, while it ranged from 0.52 to 0.84 in 2009. This indicates a similar range of unit diversity and similar actions undertaken in the economy. Units in the aspect of the measure of development and infrastructure differed the least in the aspect of entrepreneurship, demography and labor market as well as the financial situation, and the most in the aspect of infrastructure and development. The level of infrastructure of Eastern Polish rural communes was shaped primarily by the development process and financial situation but also by the number of people costing from libraries, sewage system and water supply as well as housing resources.

Entrepreneurial Tendencies by Different Personalities

Abstract This study focuses on entrepreneurial aspects of different personality types in order to increase understanding of entrepreneurial mindsets in Finland. Our purpose is to identify the entrepreneurial personalities in Finland because there is high need to foster entrepreneurship and gaining more knowledge of entrepreneurial tendencies can support this. The data were gathered from 889 research participants. Personality was measured with Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). MBTI includes eight different preferences, which describe a person's orientation of energy (extraversion, E and introversion, I), the way of gathering information (sensing, S and intuition, N), the way of making decisions (thinking, T and feeling, F) and the lifestyle (judging J and perceiving, P). Altogether there are sixteen possible personality types (e.g., ISTP, ESTJ). Results indicated that entrepreneurial tendencies largely correlated with the personality preferences extraversion and intuition.

Social Entrepreneurship as a Tool of Sustainable Development

Purpose: The article deals with the analysis of the perception of social entrepreneurship in Slovakia by social entrepreneurs. The main aim is to identify how social entrepreneurs perceive individual aspects of social entrepreneurship in Slovakia, including the role of social entrepreneurship in sustainable development.Methodology/Approach: The analysis was based on data obtained from a questionnaire survey conducted among social entrepreneurs in Slovakia. The survey was attended by representatives of 35 social enterprises from Slovakia. A seven-point rating of Likert scale used within the questionnaire. The mode, median and interquartile range of answers were used to evaluate the questionnaire.Findings: Social entrepreneurs pointed out that social entrepreneurship is still in development in Slovakia and several obstacles causing this situation. They also agreed that the most important benefit of social entrepreneurship in Slovakia is the effort to solve social problems. The research results show that the priority of social entrepreneurs in Slovakia is not to support sustainable development.Research Limitation/implication: The research was limited by the number of social entrepreneurs who participated in the survey. More than half of social enterprises, registered in Slovakia were not willing to participate in the survey.Originality/Value of paper: The article brings important findings in the field of social entrepreneurship, which are based on the practical experience of social entrepreneurs in Slovakia.

An Exploratory Study on Challenges of Undergraduates Entrepreneurs: A Case Study in Malaysia

Entrepreneurship is complex because the dynamic advantage attained by entrepreneurs generally progresses along with a nation’s economic development. Undergraduate entrepreneurs are the key talent providers for the successful fiscal progress of a nation in the commercial context. The challenges of venturing into entrepreneurship are found in the start-up phase and in the transition of youths who may have missed out on numerous business prospects occurring at the local, regional, and national levels of a country. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigative the challenges faced by undergraduates and ascertain if business prospects are of great importance in nurturing successful undergraduate entrepreneurs in Malaysia. A qualitative method was used in the study (Creswell, 2014). Ten undergraduates participated in the study, who were chosen purposively as they were actively involved in business sectors. The findings indicate there were five crucial challenges faced by undergraduates in venturing into business: social rejection, facing criticism, financial constraints, dealing with stress and self-doubt, and facing age stereotypes. These were effective factors because the entrepreneurs lacked knowledge and exposure due to their youth and limited access to millennium business approaches. Further studies can be undertaken to determine entrepreneurial initiators’ capabilities and gauge their capacities in relation to various aspects of entrepreneurship to establish the capabilities required of millennials. Such research may corroborate the findings of this study and correlate with the challenges faced in entrepreneurial business contexts.

Creativity and security as a cultural recipe for entrepreneurship

AbstractWe posit that societal cultural values of creativity and security are associated with the likelihood that a person will engage in a business start-up. Creativity supports the opportunity identification and security the opportunity exploitation aspects of entrepreneurship. In contrast, both emphasis on performance and acceptance of risk-taking may not play the role that is typically assumed. To verify our hypotheses we construct a multilevel dataset, combining Global Entrepreneurship Monitor individual-level data with country-level data from the World Values Survey. We use a multilevel logit model to address the hierarchical structure of our data. We found that odds of start-up engagement are higher if people in a society value security, yet also appreciate thinking up new ideas and being creative. Our results support McCloskey's distinction between aristocratic and bourgeois values, and John and Storr's proposition that different cultural traits support different aspects of entrepreneurship.

Socio-Ecological Foundation of Marketable Surplus Generation in Agriculture: The Complexity and Compliances

The study was conducted on Rice and Poultry entrepreneurs in Memari-1 block, Purba Barddhaman district of West Bengal, India. This has been conducted to assess their socio-personal, agro-economical and techno-managerial skills. Several entrepreneurial aspects are considered in this study to portrait a well discernible picture of their entrepreneurship. The acquired data and other information was critically examined with several statistical tools like range, mean, standard deviation, variance, correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. Total 18 variables were considered for the study in which 15 of them are independent variables and 3 of them dependent variables. Correlation coefficient is significant for the independent variables in case of one dependent variable i.e. produce marketed (y3). After performing Stepwise Regression analysis several satisfactory conclusions were drawn for the study which well described the current neo agricultural scenario in rural Bengal. It has been recorded that when the economic land is more, then the marketed surplus becomes lower as because small holdings entrepreneurs concentrate more in the production phase. Marketed surplus has a positive relationship with the Education level. It has been recorded that Marketed surplus has a positive relationship with electricity consumption also. Having a higher marketed surplus indicate more advancement and betterment in terms of entrepreneurial management and thus fuel use efficiency becomes more prominent and fuel consumption is reduced. It has been recorded that when the innovation proneness and market interaction is higher for the respondents, the marketed surplus is also higher.

Women’s entrepreneurship as the part of economic systems inclusive development

Up to the third of all businesses operating in the formal economy worldwide are run by women, but most of these enterprises, especially in developing countries and countries with transitional economies, as Ukraine, are micro-enterprises with little potential for growth. Along with traditional indicators of economic growth, the inclusive economic development model takes into account human capital equality, environmentally friendly production, social protection, gender equality as factors of economic system sustainability. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of women's entrepreneurship in economic systems inclusive development. The objectives of the study are generalization of women's in entrepreneurship involvement role in inclusive economic growth; current state of women in various types of economic activity involvement analysis; the possibility of inclusive growth through the women's entrepreneurship development achievement justification. The object of the study is the process of economic systems inclusive growth through women entrepreneurship activity increase. It has been proved that, significant differentiation in women and men wage levels, insufficient number of women in business on management positions remain relevant issues today. The current state of women's entrepreneurship and gender equality aspects under inclusive growth and inclusive development issues was determined. Ukraine population structure and the distribution of managers and individual entrepreneurs by sex within the types of economic activity analysis has been conducted. The mechanism aimed at women's entrepreneurship inclusiveness provision, which includes regulatory, financial credit, organizational and economic, motivational and stereotypical components has been proposed. It has been substantiated, that entrepreneurship contributes to the middle class increase, and thus social and political stability strengthening, including gender problems that exist in the labor market solvation. The system of measures of women's entrepreneurship inclusiveness ensurement mechanism, which will provide an integrated approach, formation has been proposed.

Impacto de la formación emprendedora en estudiantes de etapas tempranas


 
 
 Para mejorar la competitividad regional y nacional de Chile, se creó en 2018 un programa de fortalecimiento del emprendimiento escolar en la región de Tarapacá, extremo norte de Chile, denominado Tarapacá Labs School. A través del programa planificado en siete sesiones, se trabajó desde la inspiración de los estudiantes a emprender hasta la generación de un prototipo y la defensa del mismo a través de un pitch. En el presente estudio, se analizan los resultados de un torneo escolar desarrollado durante el 2019 donde participaron tres establecimientos educacionales en simultáneo con una muestra de 77 estudiantes, con el objetivo de verificar avances en uno o más aspectos emprendedores de los participantes. Basado en una investigación estadística de los resultados de la medición de la autoevaluación de las Características Emprendedoras Personales (CEP’s), se evidencia que el grupo de la muestra tiende a equiparar las valoraciones obtenidas de sus características emprendedoras, pero que al analizar por separado a quienes trabajaron en una sesión especial se evidencian variaciones relevantes. Se sugiere que gracias al trabajo personalizado en cada uno de ellos es posible potenciar o atenuar algunas características. 
 
 

The Development of Thematic Tourist Village of Mulyaharja Bogor Based on Community Empowerment Approach

The study aims to find out the solving method for problems in the thematic tourist village of Mulyaharja and designing the development of thematic tourism village model based on a community empowerment approach. This study is qualitative with an action research method. There are five respondents, i.e. chief of the village office, secretary of the village office, manager of the thematic tourist village, leader of mature farmer group and chief of youth group organization. This study was undertaken from February, 2018 to September, 2019. The generated outcomes are a solving problem method as solving steps chart, which consists of an explanation of the problem, solving and progress report each aspect, institutional, vision, activity, amenities, accesbility and entrepreneurship aspect. Furthermore, the model designed for development of thematic tourist village based on community empowerment is a circle with series of steps of eleven steps that connected each other and continuity. The series of steps are 1) choosing the candidate of partner village; 2) deciding the category of tourist village; 3) executing the MoU; 4) determining the program targets; 5) identifying the potentials of tourist village; 6) managing the empowerment programs; 7) implementing the assistance programs; 8) directing the college resources; 9) promoting the outcome of program; 10) evaluating the program and 11) mapping the stakeholder based on their proactive involvements.
 Keywords: Development, Thematic Tourist Village, Community Empowerment Approach

Supporting Entrepreneurial Attitudes at Technical Universities Through Simulation Games. Evidence from Poland

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is to evaluate the experi­ence resulting from the use of simulation games as supporting entrepreneurial attitudes at technical universities.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main problem raised in the article concerns the effectiveness of simulation games as a method of sup­porting entrepreneurial attitudes at technical universities. The article provides an overview of selected literature and presents the authors’ experience in using simulation games.
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The first part presents selected aspects of entrepreneurship and simulation games. The next part presents the results of a case study on the use of simulation games in Poland. As a result, the final part formulates conclusions regarding this issue for the future.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: Knowledge and usefulness of a simulation game as an entrepreneurship education method among students of technical universi­ties have been indicated. Conclusions have been formulated pointing to high effectiveness and usability of simulation games in supporting entrepreneurial attitudes.
 CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The studied method of entrepreneurship education seems to be extremely in­teresting for students of technical universities and should be further developed as an innovative educational solution.

Impact of personality traits and university green entrepreneurial support on students' green entrepreneurial intentions: the moderating role of environmental values

PurposeThe earth needs to go green as it clarifies that humans should adopt a sustainable lifestyle that will be friendly to the environment and society. The emerging stream of academic literature on “go green” adds a new perspective to the deep-rooted conception of entrepreneurship. The objective of green entrepreneurship is to follow the traditional concepts of entrepreneurship but also brings the additional potential for society and the environment. The present paper is designed to study the impact of personality traits and university green entrepreneurial support on green entrepreneurial intentions along with the moderating role of environmental values.Design/methodology/approachThe data are collected by using the survey method, and the five-point Likert scale is used for this purpose. The statistical techniques applied to the dataset were confirmatory factor analysis and partial least square structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results revealed that personality traits are positively and significantly associated with green entrepreneurial intention, but risk-averse students depict insignificant results towards green entrepreneurial intention. Also, university green entrepreneurial support results in positive green entrepreneurial intention. Environmental values also strengthen the association.Originality/valuePreviously, researchers emphasized the entrepreneurial intentions for the sake of improving the economy, decreasing unemployment and promoting small ventures, but none focused on the green aspects of entrepreneurship. To date, we still lack knowledge regarding students' green entrepreneurial intentions and how personality traits and green support affect the intention. The focus of the present study is to sustain nature and ecosystems through green entrepreneurship by providing directions and economic and noneconomic gains for investors, entrepreneurs, students, universities and societies.

EXAMINING CHANGE IN PERCEPTIONS OF SCIENCE TEACHERS ABOUT E-STEM

Professional development programs might affect teachers' perceptions of how STEM disciplines are interconnected. The purpose of this research was to examine the change in perceptions of science teachers particularly in disadvantageous schools, who participated in a practice-based professional development program offered in Turkey, about STEM, entrepreneurship, and E-STEM, and their experiences related to E-STEM. This qualitative research had a phenomenological design. The participants were totally 30 science teachers who were teaching in each of the seven geographical regions of Turkey. The data were collected through semi-structured pre- and post-focus group interview forms finalized after the expert review and pilot study. Furthermore, the science teachers were asked to keep a diary about the implementation process throughout the research. The data collected through focus group interviews were examined using content analysis and the data collected through the diaries were examined using descriptive analysis. The findings of the study indicate that the science teachers defined E-STEM as a process containing the aspects of entrepreneurship (communication, perseverance and determination, self-confidence, motivation, risk-taking, presentation, and marketing) more comprehensively compared to the pre-interviews. Keywords: STEM education, E-STEM education, science teacher, teacher education

Religiusitas dan Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has contributed considerably in the country'seconomic growth, so research on this theme is increasingly in demand andgrowing well. Religiosity has given a distinctness in the individual andinfluenced his behavior. This study aims to examine the relationship of religiositywith entrepreneurship by using literature review. Literature review search wascunducted on ProQuest, EBSCO, Science Direct electronic database usingkeywords of entrepreneurship and religiousity. We found that religiosity has astrong association with entrepreneurial behaviors and traits, both as a distinctivefeature of entrepreneurial character that distinguishes between high and lowreligiosity, strategy in entrepreneurship and other psychological aspects ofentrepreneurship.

Religiusitas dan Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship has contributed considerably in the country'seconomic growth, so research on this theme is increasingly in demand andgrowing well. Religiosity has given a distinctness in the individual andinfluenced his behavior. This study aims to examine the relationship of religiositywith entrepreneurship by using literature review. Literature review search wascunducted on ProQuest, EBSCO, Science Direct electronic database usingkeywords of entrepreneurship and religiousity. We found that religiosity has astrong association with entrepreneurial behaviors and traits, both as a distinctivefeature of entrepreneurial character that distinguishes between high and lowreligiosity, strategy in entrepreneurship and other psychological aspects ofentrepreneurship.

Бізнес-планування як інструмент державного фінансування соціального підприємництва

The article examines aspects of social entrepreneurship as a priority area of financial policy. The analysis of application of business planning as an element of financing of social projects in the world is carried out. It is proved that business practice requires the search for adaptive tools for financial support of social entrepreneurship by the state. The definition of "social business planning" as an element of dialogue between social business and the state is substantiated. It is specified that the state provides financial and economic support, first of all, to projects that have a social effect and are not commercialized. It is proved that social business planning is a tool for reviewing socially significant projects and making decisions on funding, because its adaptation and implementation is an urgent need of social business practice.

Institutional environment of entrepreneurial activity through the lens of economic culture

The article focuses on entrepreneurship as an economic entity in the process of evolution of market relations and the emergence of a free individual. Attention is drawn to the fact that the institutionalization of the division of labor is a consequence of the transfer of the subjective functions of the individual to individual social strata and business entities. It is emphasized that the social aspects of entrepreneurship narrow the boundaries of its subjectivity, since the external environment of economic activity sets significant restrictions on the freedom of decision-making. The entrepreneur’s behavior forms and affects the norms and restrictions of economic activity, which creates the prerequisites for its institutionalization. Based on «economic interactions», three levels of economic culture are identified and the place of the culture of entrepreneurship in economic culture is clarified. It is emphasized that the economic culture of entrepreneurship is most consistent with the economic culture of managers and heads of organizations, which applies to a significant number of people who delegated to them their rights in decision-making. Attention is paid to the differences between entrepreneurship and management through the lens of strategic orientation and the organizational structure of entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurship is organizationally focused on the use of horizontal informal ties, which provides for the coordination of the actions of independent participants in the process. The norms of political culture significantly affect the implantation of legal norms of economic activity, and is the connecting link between informal restrictions and formal rules in the economy. The Enterprise Institute embodies an innovative economic culture, provides an innovative type of economic growth and contributes to the competitiveness of the national economy.

Gender and study discipline-specific differences in the opinion about entrepreneurial aspects: An “ICSB academy” investigation

ABSTRACT This article investigates students’ evaluations of perceived entrepreneurial benefits and barriers and their desired university support within a sample of the ICSB academies in 2016 and 2017. The authors highlight differences within these evaluations depending on gender and the students’ disciplinary background, drawing on social role theory. In general, the participants of the ICSB academies show high entrepreneurial ambitions; this also holds for the generated subgroups (business/non-business and female/male). The support for our derived hypotheses is in line with our theoretical reasoning, showing differences caused by gender and disciplinary background. As a practical implication, our findings facilitate effective student support of higher education institutions.

Linking Strategic Management and Corporate Entrepreneurship for Firm Value Creation: A Developing Country Perspective

ABSTRACT The ever-increasing global business environment dynamism, change, and heterogeneity require a flexible, proactive, innovative, and aggressive managerial approach. The quest for such approaches settle strategic management and corporate entrepreneurship as a new firm‐level phenomenon that deserves scholarly attention. The subtle interaction of strategic management & corporate entrepreneurship has the potential of boosting firms’ capability to recognize, discover, and create entrepreneurial opportunities and develop them toward sustainable competitive advantages. The study followed an interpretive research philosophy, both exploratory and explanatory designs, quantitative approach, and survey method. The perceptions of corporate and strategic business unit level managers of 104 Ethiopian food processing firms established the study setting. We employed both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to identify a set of latent constructs underlying battery of measured variables and test if data fit the hypothesized measurement model, respectively. Results signpost locus of planning and strategic control influencing corporate entrepreneurship while environmental scanning did not. Moreover, planning flexibility, planning horizon, and financial control influenced only certain aspects of corporate entrepreneurship. We conclude a weak relationship between strategic management practice and intra-organizational entrepreneurship in conservative firms with little or no radical departure from historical and predominant structural patterns, characterized by superfluous, unplanned, and routine decisions.

Entrepreneurial leadership in schools: linking creativity with accountability

ABSTRACT The relationship between education and organizational financial efficiency can be described as tense and ambiguous. Therefore, issues of educational leadership inspired by models stemming from the business sector are currently hardly dealt with. Consequently, not much attention has been given to findings from the field of Business Financial Management in order to learn more from their models, theories and practices and, then, examine their applicability into educational management theory and practices. This seems even more important as schools have become a multifaceted pedagogical action field with many cross-sectional leadership tasks, which bear resemblance with business tasks. Against this background the current exploratory paper draws from international desktop research as well as previous research that the authors themselves were involved in. Thus, it offers an informed and insightful basis for reflection on the possible influences of Entrepreneurial Leadership in education, a concept where economic efficiency has to operate and collaborate complimentary to pedagogical leadership. Thus, the aspect of educational entrepreneurship that interests us includes individual persons in school management who, as pioneers, point out new paths and enable or even drive innovation in their schools. In order to do so, they scan their external environments looking for opportunities and creative solutions to complex educational issues.