Aspect Orientation Research Articles

Periodization of General Elections: Ideas and Refinements in Indonesia

General election is one part of the practice of democracy in Indonesia. In this case, the general election is a manifestation of people's sovereignty. In general, the principles of elections include the principles of direct, public, free, confidential, honest and fair. This research seeks to explore legal constructions related to the periodic principle of general elections which must be held periodically every five years, which is a separate principle in general elections. This research is normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the study confirm that to achieve and ensure that general elections are held a justice process and proportionally, the orientation of legal construction on the periodic principle has actually been explicitly stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and is based on a systematic interpretation. In this case, in terms of periodic aspect orientation, it is part of the general election principle that is obligatory and must be implemented. This has the implication that the principles of general elections include the principles of direct, general, free, confidential, honest and fair, and must be held periodically for five years. In this case, the principle of periodicity occupies an important position in the holding of general elections.

Orientation tasks in the system of pedagogical stimulation of forming a university student learning strategy

The article is devoted to the problem of forming a student learning strategy. The urgency of the problem is justified by the necessity to meet the need of modern society in people who are capable and striving for continuous education and self-realization. The authors consider the concept of a student learning strategy as an important phenomenon necessary to achieve the goal of learning, successfully mastering not only knowledge, skills and abilities, but also their application in various types of activity. Attention is focused on the development of ways to implement educational actions that contribute to the design of the upcoming learning strategy, its implementation, monitoring of one’s own educational achievements and the gradual mastery of the technology of its independent development and implementation in the learning process. The components of the learning strategy (incentive and oriented, operational and technological, analytical and reflective) are highlighted. The Incentive and orientation component includes the need to achieve the learning goal, the dominant motives and values of the student. The operational and technological component is represented by the formation of predictive skills and the ability to regulate the process of building and implementing a learning strategy. The analytical and reflexive component consists of the ability to analyze and introspect the changes taking place in the process of forming a learning strategy. Orientation tasks act as one of the means of forming a student learning strategy. The authors propose a classification of orientation tasks into aspect and integration tasks. Aspect orientation tasks are aimed at updating, developing and correcting the highlighted components of the learning strategy. Integration orientation tasks are aimed at implementing a learning strategy by combining all the available experience and resources of the student. The article provides examples of the application of orientation tasks. The developed orientation tasks can be used both in classes in various disciplines and in extracurricular activity (research, talks, trainings). The authors have established that orientation tasks developed and implemented in the educational process of the university are an effective tool that contributes to a well-founded and high-quality pedagogical stimulation of the formation and implementation of learning strategy by a student.

Software Development for Educational Information Services Using Multilayering Semantics Adaptation

Electronic information services are robust platforms that impact daily life and facilitate new research. Increasing software modularity and reusability saves time and money. Numerous designs and programming are challenging when developing a complex educational information system. This article proposes a new paradigm of multi-dimensional information layers, aspects, functional data, and composition rules in software development to create practical educational information platforms. The proposed approach uses aspect orientation throughout educational information's software development life cycle, from planning to implementation and evaluation. Finally, the authors demonstrate and evaluate the design model's modularity and adaptation through fine-granularity design and class reuse. The result reduces invasive changes, promotes modularity and reuse, and eliminates duplication in component-based software design.

Effect of confining pressure on shear fracture behavior and surface morphology of granite by the short core in compression test

The study on shear fracture behaviour at elevated confining pressure is very meaningful for a lot of practical activities in underground works. To understand the influence of confining pressure on shear fracture behavior, a series of confined rock fracture tests were performed on the short core in compression (SCC) specimens. Uniform confining pressure was applied on the entire surface of the rock specimen in the tests. The results show that the peak load, shear modulus, nominal shear strength and mode II fracture toughness of SCC specimens increase approximatively linearly with confining pressure. The shear fracture surfaces after confined SCC tests were measured by a three-dimensional (3D) optical scanner. Based on fractal and statistical theories, the effect of confining pressure on the morphological characteristics in shear fracture surfaces has been studied in depth. The results indicate the fracture surface roughness decreases slightly with the increase of confining pressure, which can be attributed to the restraining effect on fracture expansion and the friction effect on the two new shear fracture surfaces under large confining pressure. Generally, standard deviations and means for asperity height and standard deviations of slope angle decline with increasing confining pressure. Frequency distributions of aspect orientation become more evenly with confining pressure. Moreover, the feasibility of applying the Mohr-Coulomb criterion in the SCC approach was assessed. It is found that the cohesion and internal friction angle determined by the SCC method are very closed to the values calculated from uniaxial compression tests, indicating that the SCC method are feasible for estimating shear parameters of rock.

Geomorphology of the Beqaa Valley, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains

Abstract Geomorphology of Lebanon presents a unique pattern of contrasting landforms. These include two notable mountain ranges, the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains, the Beqaa Valley, the elongated coastal area and a significant amount of karst relief forms. This study focuses on the investigation of the topographic and geologic setting of Lebanon by visualizing datasets covering Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountains and the Beqaa Valley. Data were collected using the open source repositories of the high-resolution data (GEBCO, ETOPO1, DEM embedded in R). Three 3D models of the relief of the country are presented based on the ‘grdview’ package of GMT with azimuth rotations of the view point at 205°/30° and 165°/30°. The geologic map is based on the compiled datasets of the USGS. The R based modelling allowed division of the raster grid into several geomorphological zones according to the slope steepness and aspect orientation. The extreme elevations of the study area range from -2007 m and 2973 m. The key contribution of this work is the topographic and geologic data synthesis for 2D and 3D modelling of Lebanon. Another aspect concerns technical integration of GMT and R scripting approaches with QGIS mapping into the cartographic framework for visualizing of the Lebanese topography as a multi-tool approach. For the future similar studies on Lebanon this paper can serve as a guide for completing a project on the multi-source 2D and 3D data mapping as a conceptual foundation for research on Lebanese environment.

Geofizičko postavljanje i seizmičnost u zoni Rift Malavi, Jugoistočna Afrika, analizirano kartografskim skriptiranjem

This paper describes a scripting cartographic techniques that automatically generate maps from open source spatial data using syntax of General Mapping Tools (GMT) and R. A case study present mapping East Africa with a focus on Malawi. In this study, two different approaches of scripting cartography using R programming language and GMT were studied for geophysical analysis aimed to visualize a series of eight new maps in Malawi: topography based on the GEBCO data, seismicity, geomorphometric modeling based on SRTM-90 m (slope, aspect, hillshade and elevation) and geophysical fields: geoid based on EGM-2008 and free-air Faye's gravity based on satellite derived gravity data from CryoSat-2 and Jason-1. In contrast to previous maps of Malawi, a scripting approach was introduced as a console-based cartographic mapping developed for plotting a series of thematic maps based on the high-resolution data. The maps demonstrate correlations between the topography and tectonic faults (Malawi Rift Zone) and earthquakes in the Malawi Lake and extent of landforms. The results demonstrate strong correspondence between the topography and geophysical fields (geoid and gravity): negative values of geoid (-15 to -20) are notable over the Malawi (Nyasa) Lake which corresponds with local topographic depressions. Free-air gravity fields reach the lowest values (-50 to -100) over the Malawi Lake. Local heights in gravity are compared with topographic mountain ranges in the NW and SW of the country on the borders with Zambia and Mozambique. The location of earthquakes vary with the majority located in the north. The geomorphological landforms demonstrate variability in slope steepness and aspect orientation shown on histogram. The techniques of scripts can be used to automatically map spatial data using raster datasets for geophysical visualization, and this paper demonstrated this through a variety of map from the presented thematic series of geophysical maps of Malawi. Full scripts used for mapping are available on the author's public GitHub repository with provided link to her open access codes.

Importance of Spatial Autocorrelation in Machine Learning Modeling of Polymetallic Nodules, Model Uncertainty and Transferability at Local Scale

Machine learning spatial modeling is used for mapping the distribution of deep-sea polymetallic nodules (PMN). However, the presence and influence of spatial autocorrelation (SAC) have not been extensively studied. SAC can provide information regarding the variable selection before modeling, and it results in erroneous validation performance when ignored. ML models are also problematic when applied in areas far away from the initial training locations, especially if the (new) area to be predicted covers another feature space. Here, we study the spatial distribution of PMN in a geomorphologically heterogeneous area of the Peru Basin, where SAC of PMN exists. The local Moran’s I analysis showed that there are areas with a significantly higher or lower number of PMN, associated with different backscatter values, aspect orientation, and seafloor geomorphological characteristics. A quantile regression forests (QRF) model is used using three cross-validation (CV) techniques (random-, spatial-, and cluster-blocking). We used the recently proposed “Area of Applicability” method to quantify the geographical areas where feature space extrapolation occurs. The results show that QRF predicts well in morphologically similar areas, with spatial block cross-validation being the least unbiased method. Conversely, random-CV overestimates the prediction performance. Under new conditions, the model transferability is reduced even on local scales, highlighting the need for spatial model-based dissimilarity analysis and transferability assessment in new areas.

Agent-based target evaluation and fire doctrine: an aspect-oriented programming view

Threat evaluation is a vital process for any defense system, and it consists of a series of calculation and evaluation based on the inferred capabilities and intents of the targets that aim to give damage to defended assets. Target evaluation is proceeded in a wargame and the aim is to compare weapon target pairs according to a set of criteria. The target evaluation cycle is repeated anytime a new detection is received and when any change happens in the target currently detected. The whole process consists of a set of tasks that are shared between Command and Control units and the tasks require different responsibilities. Each task is succeeded by a specific behavior that is represented as a reasonably ordered set of actions. The task sharing is organized by taking the C2 architectures into account. In this paper, an agent-based command and control entity, which is in charge of target evaluation and giving engagement decision, is designed and it is situated in an air defense simulation environment. The study aims to propose an agent design in military decision-making domain, bringing analytic methods with the first-order logic together, and combine aspect orientation with agent design. The study also improves dynamic aspect management in agent programming using the relation concept.

Nagaraeba – Hegel und Fujiwara no Kiyosuke

Abstract Although there is a dispute among grammarians as to whether Japanese is a tense or aspect language, time expressions tend to be made from the perspective of the speaker, i.e. under the aspect of an event that is “now, in this moment already completed, just happening, or not yet happening.” Evidently, the notion of a threefoldedness of time perception is predominant. A comparison of different time concepts and philosophies points towards a transcultural circulation of this notion. Hegel’s philosophy exemplifies the effectiveness and shaping function of this notion of threefold time concepts. Using Fujiwara no Kiyosuke’s poem Nagaraeba, I aim to show how the thesis of the threefoldedness also of the traditional Japanese experience of time, together with the thesis of the aspect orientation of the Japanese language, may help us to interpret and understand classical waka, along the lines of the so-called “fusion of horizons” (Horizontverschmelzung) described by Hans-Georg Gadamer.

Regeneration of a full-thickness defect in rotator cuff tendon with umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model.

Although rotator cuff disease is a common cause of shoulder pain, there is still no treatment method that could halt or reveres its development and progression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC MSCs) on the regeneration of a full-thickness rotator cuff defect (FTD) in a rat model. We injected either UC MSCs or saline to the FTD and investigated macroscopic, histological and biomechanical results and cell trafficking. Treatment with UC MSCs improved macroscopic appearance in terms of tendon thickness at two weeks, and inflammation, defect size, swelling/redness and connection surrounding tissue and slidability at four weeks compared to the saline group. Histologically, UC MSCs induced the tendon matrix formation recovering collagen organization, nuclear aspect ratio and orientation angle of fibroblast as well as suppressing cartilage-related glycosaminoglycan compared to saline group at four weeks. The UC MSCs group also improved ultimate failure load by 25.0% and 19.0% and ultimate stress by 27.3% and 26.8% at two and four weeks compared to saline group. UC MSCs labeled with PKH26 exhibited 5.3% survival at four weeks compared to three hours after injection. This study demonstrated that UC MSCs regenerated the FTD with tendon tissue similar properties to the normal tendon in terms of macroscopic, histological and biomechanical characteristics in a rat model.

Morphotype differentiation in the Great Barrier Reef Halimeda bioherm carbonate factory: Internal architecture and surface geomorphometrics

AbstractThe calcareous Halimeda bioherms of the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia are the largest actively accumulating Halimeda deposits worldwide. They contribute a substantial component of the Great Barrier Reef neritic carbonate factory, as well as the geomorphological development of Australia's northeast continental shelf. Halimeda bioherm geomorphology is complex, expressing three distinct variations in morphotype patterns: annulate, reticulate and undulate. Similar regular and irregular geomorphological patterning often results from scale‐dependent biophysical feedback mechanisms. Therefore, a better understanding of morphotype differentiation can inform the biotic and abiotic drivers of spatial heterogeneity in the bioherm ecosystem. Here, 3D LiDAR bathymetry is integrated with 2D sub‐bottom profile datasets to investigate surface topography and internal sedimentary architecture of Halimeda bioherms through space and time. Using the ESRI ArcGIS 3D Analyst and Benthic Terrain Modeller extensions, the bioherm surface and subsurface geomorphometric characteristics were quantified for the annulate, reticulate and undulate morphotypes. Significant variation was found between the three bioherm morphotypes in their surface topography, internal structure, volume, slope gradients and terrain complexity. Therefore, their geomorphology is probably influenced by differing processes and biophysical feedback mechanisms. The complex surface topography does not appear to be inherited from the antecedent substrate, and preferred aspect orientations resulting from hydrodynamic forcing appear to be limited. It is suggested here that autogenic dynamics or biotic self‐organization similar to patterns and processes in other marine organo‐sedimentary systems modulates Halimeda bioherm geomorphology, and some hypotheses are offered towards future studies. Morphotype differentiation has implications for the development of the Halimeda bioherm carbonate factory, rates of sediment aggradation and progradation, and variable capacity to fill accommodation space. Self‐organization dynamics and morphology differentiation in Modern bioherm systems could potentially inform palaeo‐environmental interpretations of fossil bioherms and phylloid algal mounds on geological timescales.

Effects of void shape and orientation on the elastoplastic properties of spheroidally voided single-crystal and nanotwinned copper

ABSTRACT Void nucleation, growth and coalescence have been identified as the leading cause of ductile damage in metallic materials. To understand the underlying deformation and damage mechanisms, extensive theoretical, experimental and simulation efforts have been attempted on spherically voided metals. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to analyze the uniaxial straining deformation behaviours of both single-crystal and nanotwinned copper materials embedded with a preexisting spheroidal void. The coupling effects among twin boundary, spheroidal void aspect ratio and orientation on unidirectional elastoplastic behaviours are systematically examined. The dislocation-induced plastic deformation mechanism is also examined and compared with the one due to a perfectly spherical cavity. Simulation results show that elastic modulus increases with both spheroidal void aspect ratio and orientation. So do the yield stress, the first peak stress and the plasticity index. Another peak stress exists for most cases, except for a prolate void embedded in nanotwinned specimens. The slope between peak stresses decreases with both the spheroidal aspect ratio and orientation. The incorporation of a twin boundary results in lower elastic modulus, higher yield strength and smaller plasticity index. For an oblate void, the twin boundary gives rise to more severe strain softening behaviour. The dislocation extraction algorithm illustrates that the continuous nucleation, propagation and reaction of dislocations emanated from both the void front and twin boundary are responsible for the ductile damage of spheroidally voided crystals. The lower dislocation densities found in nanotwinned specimens indicate the desired suppression effects of twin boundary on dislocation activities.

Based on netease train ticket booking system design and implementation

With the continuous development of mobile Internet technology, the use of the traditional Internet has been unable to meet the needs of people to buy train tickets online, people more hope to be able to buy train tickets anytime and anywhere through mobile phones and other terminals.Currently, the train ticket purchase software in the market does not provide the ticket snatching function of the mobile client. Based on Freemarker and Spring Model View Controller (Model View Controller), this project designed and developed its own server-side framework to improve development efficiency and enhance system security.By extending the Spring framework, the mature application of Aspect Orient Programming (Aspect orientation Programming) and annotation technology in the industry is widely used to reduce the coupling between modules, improve the development efficiency and reduce the maintenance cost.Through the extensive use of load balancing technology and the independently developed load balancing module, a stable and efficient cluster system is established in the background, which also significantly improves the user access speed. Through the independently developed monitoring platform, a large number of background servers are monitored. By widely using Squid, Mencache and other caching technologies and page static technology, the pressure of accessing the background database and file system is greatly reduced, and the speed of user data reading is significantly improved.At present, the project has been put on line. During the period when the system was put on line, the user growth was stable, the number of ticket users continued to increase, and the user experience was constantly enhanced.

A PRACTICAL MODEL FROM MULTIDIMENSIONAL LAYERING: PERSONAL FINANCE INFORMATION FRAMEWORK USING MOBILE SOFTWARE INTERFACE OPERATIONS

End user involvement is crucial in improving software development processes. Hence, nowadays user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) are particularly concerned with end user interactions in many software designs as most methodologies have inconsistencies between design and implementation. Besides, it is relatively difficult to make changes in complex software and personal finance application is one of the more complex software to design, develop, and adapt. This paper proposes the development of a mobile personal finance application using informative multidimensional layering. We have separated functional data cutting across the relationships of three categories and datasets showing operational semantics of dimensions, and combined layers of three-dimensional information including aspect elements through components. This study is concerned with the corresponsive composition of end user features using visual interfaces. It is illustrated in a Three-layer User Interface Composition Model to transfer and compose layers, functional data, aspect elements, and components to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). Therefore, an integrated view of the software system would make the design and implementation consistent to support our framework in a more straightforward manner. There have been a few studies which presented practical models of mobile informative multidimensional layering. This research applied aspect orientation and informative multidimensional layering to present a better features model for mobile personal finance application. We deliver a practical framework in the application in all four phases of analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation. In addressing the gap, this research proposes a clearer operation of three-dimensional models, functional data, and aspect elements that cut across through informative multidimensional layering.

Dealing with crosscutting and dynamic features in component software using aspect‐orientation: requirements and experiences

Coping with crosscutting and dynamic features of software systems has significant impacts on software modularity, reusability, adaptability, and maintainability. However, dealing with such features is a tremendous challenge for different software paradigms, particularly component-based software development (CBSD) where components can be used as black box software units. Fortunately, dealing with crosscutting features is the main focus of aspect-orientation (AO). To compromise, a plethora of different AO and CBSD combinations are available. There is, however, little consensus on how AO and CBSD can be combined and what AO qualities need to be integrated for getting maximum benefits from the combination. In the aim to reach a consensus and increase the understanding of requirements for proper combinations that deal with crosscutting and dynamic features, the authors conduct a domain analysis study of existing combination endeavours; they first identify a set of requirements ought to be fulfilled for proper modelling of crosscutting and dynamic features in component software using AO; second, they group the identified requirements into an evaluation model; third, they check the capability of existing combinations to validate the evaluation model. The study highlighted mandatory requirements for proper combinations and revealed that none of the existing endeavours validates the evaluation model.

Assessment of anisotropic mechanical properties of a 3D printed carbon whisker reinforced composite

A commercial carbon whisker reinforced polylactic acid composite made by a type of three-dimensional (3D) printing known as material extrusion additive manufacturing is investigated. The primary objective is to experimentally characterize and model the direction-dependent tensile modulus of elasticity of unidirectionally printed composite material to assess the degree of anisotropy induced during printing and to determine how well the measured properties can be predicted by multiscale mechanics-based models. The model predictions are based on microstructural characteristics such as the aspect ratio and orientation of the whiskers and the constituent volume fractions. Other material characteristics are assumed, such the cylindrical shape of voids in the matrix and the perfect bonding condition of the whiskers. The experiments indicate (1) that the modulus in the 0-deg. printed direction can be at least twice the modulus in the 90-deg. printed direction and (2) that whisker alignment is improved during printing. Two models accounting for imperfect whisker alignment are used to predict the modulus of the 0-deg. material reasonably well, although the 90-deg. modulus is over-predicted by both models. The 0-deg. direction is roughly two times stronger than the 90-deg. direction in tension.

Influences of Nozzle Aspect Ratio and Orientation on Flow Characteristic of Multiple Elliptic Jets

Influences of Nozzle Aspect Ratio and Orientation on Flow Characteristic of Multiple Elliptic Jets

SECURING SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STAGES USING ASPECT-ORIENTATION CONCEPTS

In the past 10 years, the research community has produced a significant number of design notations to represent security properties and concepts in a design artifact. The need to improve the security of software has become a key issue for developers.The security function needs to be incorporated into the software development process at the requirement, analysis, design, and implementation stages as doing so may help to smooth integration and to protect systems from attack. Security affects all aspects ofa software program, which makes the incorporation of security features a crosscutting concern. Therefore, this paper looks at the feasibility and potential advantages of employing an aspect orientation approach in the software development lifecycle to ensure efficient integration of security.These notations are aimed at documenting and analyzing security in a software design model. It also proposes a model called the Aspect-Oriented Software Security Development Life Cycle (AOSSDLC), which covers arrange of security activities and deliverables for each development stage. It is concluded that aspect orientation is one of the best options available for installing security features not least because of the benefit that no changes need to be made to the existing software structure.

AdSiF: Agent driven simulation framework paradigm and ontological view

AdSiF (Agent driven Simulation Framework) provides a programming environment for modeling, simulation, and programming agents, which fuses agent-based, object-oriented, aspect-oriented, and logic programming into a single paradigm. The power of this paradigm stems from its ontological background and the paradigms it embraces and integrates into a single paradigm called state-oriented programming. AdSiF commits to describe what exists and to model the agent reasoning abilities, which thereby drives model behaviors. Basically, AdSiF provides a knowledgebase and a depth first search mechanism for reasoning. It is possible to model different search mechanism for reasoning but depth first search is a default search mechanism for first order reasoning. The knowledge base consists of facts and predicates. The reasoning mechanism is combined with a dual-world representation, it is defined as an inner representation of a simulated environment, and it is constructed from time-stamped sensory data (or beliefs) obtained from that environment even when these data consist of errors. This mechanism allows the models to make decisions using the historical data of the models and its own states. The study provides a novel view to simulation and agent-modeling using a script-based graph programming structuring state-oriented programming with a multi-paradigm approach. The study also enhances simulation modeling and agent programming using logic programming and aspect orientation. It provides a solution framework for continuous and discrete event simulation and allows modelers to use their own simulation time management, event handling, distributed, and real time simulation algorithms. • AdSiF provides a programming paradigm called state-oriented paradigm combining multi-paradigms and also has an ontological view. • The relation concept as a part of ontological commitment is used as an active programming element. • The approach provides dynamic aspect management for aspect-oriented programming in simulation and agent programming. • AdSiF allows modelers to develop their own simulation management algorithms such as synchronization algorithms, tie-breaking rules etc. • AdSiF provides a reasoning mechanism based on logic programming to manage simulation entity/agent behaviors.

A formal method for software architecture analysis based on aspect orientation

A formal method for software architecture analysis based on aspect orientation