Integration In Asia Research Articles

The Cross-border Insolvency Provision as Ius Contituendum of Bankruptcy Act of Indonesia

The lack of cross-border insolvency regulation in Indonesia is an issue that hasn't been resolved until now. Borderless business patterns that developed continuously resulted in the promulgation of cross-border insolvency regulations becoming increasingly urgent. Even more, Indonesia as a member state of ASEAN must be fully aware that currently there is a process of economic integration in ASEAN as outlined in the ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint. In consequence, harmonious cross-border insolvency regulations are needed. Philippines, Singapore, and Myanmar already had cross-border insolvency regulation through the adoption of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-border Insolvency while Indonesia still stuck to territorialism approach, not only in cross border insolvency proceeding, but also in civil proceedings in general. Indonesia has to synchronize civil code, civil procedural code, international civil code, and bankruptcy code to create legal certainty in bankruptcy law system. Therefore, in this article writing, there are several approaches that will be used, namely the comparative approach and statutory approach, with the research method of normative juridical. The objectives to be achieved in this article are to construct the lack of cross-border insolvency regulation in Indonesia and to describe cross-border insolvency regulation and practices in Philippines, Singapore, and Myanmar. At the end of this article, there is a recommendation to the Indonesian Government to immediately regulate cross-border insolvency in Indonesia, either by adoption of Model Law or by mutual agreement with certain countries.

Multilevel Institutional Approaches to Support Deeper Integration in ASEAN

Multilevel Institutional Approaches to Support Deeper Integration in ASEAN

ASEAN Integration Process as a Model of Successful Regional Integration

ASEAN Integration Process as a Model of Successful Regional Integration

ASEAN’s Digital Integration: Strategic Management, Challenges, Opportunities, and the Role of New Technologies

The objective of this study is to provide insight into the potential impact and implications of digital integration on the socio-economic landscape of ASEAN countries. Data sources for this study include an extensive literature review, statistical data from ASEAN reports, and peer-reviewed articles. The selection and extraction of data involved a rigorous process, ensuring that the most relevant and credible information is used. The data was then synthesized to provide a holistic understanding of the subject. The study concludes that although digital integration in ASEAN faces several challenges such as the digital divide, data privacy issues, and cybersecurity threats, it also offers significant opportunities for economic growth, innovation, and improved governance. The role of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, is vital and can help in mitigating challenges and harnessing opportunities. However, efficient strategic management is essential to effectively realize digital integration's potential benefits.

STRATEGIES OF MACRO-REGIONAL INTEGRATION ASSOCIATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF ASEAN

The article is devoted to the analysis of the integration policy of the ASEAN countries. ASEAN includes countries with very different levels of economic development, population, and area, but this integration association is successful and plays an important role in the economic and political spheres in the Southeast Asian region. The article examines the ASEAN approach to regional integration, which is characterized by a “soft character”, in contrast to the European and North American approaches. The main stages of the development of the studied union and the circumstances that prevented the economic integration of the participating countries at the initial stage were analyzed. The main principles of ASEAN work, which are enshrined in the Bangkok Declaration of 1967 and the ASEAN Charter of 2007, are defined. The main directions and mechanisms of economic integration of countries are analyzed, namely: the agreement on the formation of a preferential trade zone, the agreement on the creation of a free trade area (AFTA), the framework agreement on the ASEAN investment zone (AIA), industrial cooperation schemes (AICO), the ASEAN framework agreement with services (AFAS). Also, the article provides an assessment of the main macroeconomic indicators of the participating countries and the union as a whole: GDP volumes in dynamics, the structure and dynamics of trade relations, the commodity and geographical structure of the union’s export-import operations. Problematic issues of the ASEAN integration association have been identified. The current state of cooperation between Ukraine and ASEAN was analyzed, including the volume of export-import operations in terms of the product structure, and prospects for the expansion of economic cooperation were also established. The paper draws conclusions about the success of the ASEAN development strategy and suggests ways to develop cooperation between ASEAN and Ukraine.

Understanding and Prospect of Identity Construction in ASEAN Integration

This article aims to provide insights into the concept of collective identity within the context of ASEAN integration. It delves into the transformation of Southeast Asia, which has shifted from a region under the dominance of European colonial powers to one that seeks to establish its unique identity and chart its own course. Additionally, it underscores the pivotal role played by collective identity in the process of integrating Southeast Asia while exploring the factors influencing its formation. In addition to theoretical exploration, this article posits that ASEAN’s collective identity, to some extent, finds resonance among elites, diplomats and technocrats but remains less prevalent among the general ASEAN population. Consequently, this article suggests the need for the development of a transnational mechanism or policy that facilitates and encourages the flow of people and information across borders. ASEAN should also consider reinterpreting its norms, promoting educational initiatives and fostering greater engagement with its citizens.

Outlining discussion areas on modern problems of the ASEAN mainland countries in the ICCA RAS

The article provides an overview of the international conference Mainland ASEAN countries in regional integration processes: modern challenges and development prospects held at the ICCA RAS. During the event scientists discussed bilateral relations between Indochina countries and dialogue partners, considered the Russia's role in the region, highlighted the main aspects of subregional cooperation as part of ASEAN integration processes, and also raised the economic aspects of the peninsula development.

The Trajectory and Trend of International Political Economy in Southeast Asia

International political economy debates in Southeast Asia have expanded in the last decades from the perspectives of development theories in conjunction with the structure of states relations to the links between state-market-society. The article explores the studies of Southeast Asia’s political economy that has stimulated the debate over the past years and its future trends. It intends to analyse the trajectory of the issues and topics identified utilizing structured research of studies in scientific databases and derive discussion on its future topics by looking at the links between state-market-society. The existing topics related to issues of the political economy of Southeast Asia are grouped into themes related to development financing from traditional and emerging donors, State-Owned Enterprises, and regional integration. In addition, it captures the topics based on the trend that are proposed and emerged within the policy discussion and academic forums. The initiated issues are climate change and environment, the importance of sub-regional in ASEAN integration, and digitalisation and technological advancement.

Prospering the ASEAN Community: How Micro-Region Becomes a Driving Force Prosperity in Indonesia’s Border Area?

Providing space for sub-state actors’ actions at the micro-regional level is a significant trend in advancing regional integration in ASEAN. Transnational activities have contributed to the trade development and optimization of each country’s local production, a strategic goal, and micro-regions have emerged as critical players in this activity. Regional integration will be localized if sub-state actors play a significant role and engage in smaller regionalism activities, such as in border areas. With the goal of encouraging prosperity and reducing development gaps, especially for people in border areas, this research examined the collaboration of sub-state actors across ASEAN countries as an alternative development paradigm. Alternative research hypotheses applicable in various scientific disciplines were included in this research through a qualitative analysis method and a reflective case study approach. This research focused on the roles and activities of sub-state actors in border areas such as the Riau Islands with Malaysia and Singapore, who could work hard together with other sub-state actor entities through the support of a strong leadership network to take quicker and more efficient actions to overcome various issues. This research strengthens the existing literature by discovering that the collaboration of sub-state actors between countries in the border region has played a big role in encouraging the border community to advance and compete in the international arena, and ASEAN has become an institution encouraging and guaranteeing equal development for people in the border areas.

Banking Industry Sustainable Growth Rate under Risk: Empirical Study of the Banking Industry in ASEAN Countries

This research examines how the banking industry maintains its sustainable growth rate. The sample consists of 328 commercial banks in the ASEAN area. A fixed effect model is employed to analyze the data. The study reveals several findings: (1) The countries with the most risk in the banking industry are Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore. (2) Operational risk has a negative effect on sustainable growth and a positive effect on actual growth. Asset utilization positively affects sustainable growth and positively affects actual growth. (3) Business risk has a positive effect on sustainable growth but a negative on actual growth. (4) Liquidity risk positively affects both sustainable growth and actual growth. (5) Financial risk has a negative effect on sustainable growth but not on actual growth. These findings contribute to the body of knowledge of financial management specifically in terms of determining dividend and financing policy, operational activities and bridging conflicting objectives of managers and shareholders. Furthermore, these findings have implications for the practice, especially for shareholders, in how to maintain and set sustainable growth targets in conditions of various risks in banking. For banks within the framework of ASEAN integration, it is important to place SGR as a measure of sustainable finance.

IMPACT OF ASEAN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ON INVESTMENT IN THE ASEAN REGION

Economic integration in ASEAN is a long process which until now has periodically shown significant progress. However, ASEAN's economic integration, especially in the field of economic growth, has been achieved by opening up local markets to regional markets through cooperation. This research is legally discussed. Analysis of the data used, namely empirical data will also be presented to complete the discussion. The results of the discussion show that countries in the ASEAN region are able to create a stable trade climate and are able to offer large potential benefits from trade carried out in ASEAN countries. With the economic integration, ASEAN countries are able to increase their competitiveness not only at the regional level, but also at the global level.

Enhancing Social Integration through Intra-ASEAN Travel

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) was established in 2015 with the goal of enhancing regional integration, including social integration, which has been linked to the ASEAN populace's motivations for regional travel. This paper examines emerging intra-ASEAN travel using Esser's (2001) social integration dimension theory. To fully comprehend the vision of social integration and sustainable tourism development, continuous efforts must be made to develop, promote, and protect the member states' common interests through ASEAN integration. This study aims to assess whether the social integration dimension connects individuals in preference to travelling within the ASEAN region. A questionnaire survey of ASEAN nationality passengers at Malaysia's KLIA2 Airport was used to collect the data. The study findings will present social integration arising from intra-ASEAN travellers and the benefits of promoting tourism for economic stability in the region.

Economic position of Vietnam in ASEAN economic community (AEC)

The process of Vietnam participating in ASEAN in the past 26 years (1995-2021) has shown that it has many practical contributions to this organization. In a new international and regional context, Vietnam with its new position and strength after 35 years of renovation gives it opportunities to contribute more to the solidarity and integration of ASEAN. In addition, the formation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is a chance for Vietnam to expand its development for the Southeast Asian community’s peace, cooperation, and development in the future. After 26 years of participating in this regional organization, Vietnam has made many significant contributions to turning ASEAN into a framework of peaceful cooperation for mutual development. From ASEAN-6 to ASEAN-7 and ASEAN-10, it is clear that as a responsible member, Vietnam's position and influence in this region have been increasingly recognized. Through various dialogue mechanisms, Vietnam today has become an important and comprehensive economic partner of AEC. In this study, the research team used statistical data from the World Bank, the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) of the World Economic Forum, labor productivity of the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) to clarify Vietnam's economic position in AEC. The collected data shows that Vietnam's economic position within AEC countries has increased; however, it still faces many challenges and the risk of economic backwardness. Based on that, the study proposes some solutions to enhance Vietnam's economic position in AEC.

Factors Affecting Thailand’s Trade: Does ASEAN Integration Help?

The main purpose of this study is to find determining factors that affect the bilateral trade flows between Thailand and partner countries around the world, and further to check the ASEAN integration effect on Thailand. The study analyzes the effect by applying the gravity model with a panel fixed effect approach. The findings of the study indicate that bilateral trade flows between Thailand and partners are mainly affected by the economic size, geographical distance, exchange rate, and joining the ASEAN whereas land endowments and difference between the per capita income has no significant impact. The ASEAN FTA dummy variable has a statistically significant positive influence on bilateral trade between Thailand and other ASEAN countries.

В'ЄТНАМ ЯК ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ ПАРТНЕР УКРАЇНИ

The article considers the results of long-term cooperation and explores the prospects for the development of economic relations between Ukraine and Vietnam. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the major reasons for changing the priorities of economic cooperation between countries as well as to the search for effective ways of its development. The origins of the growing discrepancies in the pace of the economic development of our countries, which were predetermined already by different approaches to the development and implementation of national strategies, have been established. It was shown that development strategies of our countries pursue the same goal - strengthening the competitiveness of the national economy, but they use different ways of achieve it: while Ukraine chose the liberal Western approach, Vietnam follows the Asian communitarian model, which is based on the policy of regulating economic development, hidden autarky, tight control over financial resources used to create key industries. The successful development of Vietnamese economy was achieved through consequent use of a specific model of economic modernization. The leading role of the public sector as an organizing force of progressive development and a factor in restraining the destructive influence of exogenous factors is indicated. The place of modern Vietnam in the global economic system is determined. The protective and stimulating role of the ASEAN integration and the prospects of creating a "large regional economy" are analyzed, attention is focused on the mostly regional Asian priority of the country's participation in the international division of labor. The principles and directions of further development of mutually beneficial cooperation between Ukraine and Vietnam are defined.

Analyizing Factors Influencing the Capabilities of Engineering Technologists for Asean Integration

Analyizing Factors Influencing the Capabilities of Engineering Technologists for Asean Integration

ASEAN as an Optimal/Nonoptimal Currency Area

Economists have been arguing to this day about the benefits and risks of introducing a community currency. It is very difficult to clearly determine which side is right. Most often, scientists refer to the example of the so-called Eurozone, but it is still far from reaching an agreement between supporters and opponents of such a solution. This paper presents the issues of monetary integration in ASEAN+3 (i.e. ASEAN member countries, China, South Korea, and Japan) in terms of the optimal currency area and other necessary conditions for the creation of a sustainable development region. The researchers argue about whether ASEAN+3 should introduce a single currency. Some suggest that the group meets several OCA theory criteria, i.e. labour mobility and economic openness. According to the results of the study, ASEAN+3 is an economically diverse area and there is a lack of institutions enabling effective monetary integration in the short term. Optimization assumptions included in the analysis determine the real chances of development and survival within the currency area. The author's analysis has indicated that ASEAN+3 should not introduce a single currency for three reasons: failure to meet the optimization criteria, diversification of socio-economic development, lack of an institutional framework and inconsistency in the perception of monetary integration. On the other hand, it should be noted that a single currency could contribute to increasing the monetary security of the entire South-East Asian region, which means that the ​​monetary integration may be a long-term idea.

Comparative Study on Selected Models of Entrepreneurship Education

NEP 2020 is concentrating on the role of educational institutes in the various areas, such as traditional local arts, vocational crafts, entrepreneurship education, agriculture or any other subject where local expertise exists, to benefit students and help preserve and promote local knowledge and professions. However, the main goal of the entrepreneurial education has been intertwined in the NEP and it desires to make young generation more imaginative, innovative, ingenious, proactive, pioneering and prospect oriented ( NEP, 2020 ). Therefore, it needs to understand various models of entrepreneurship education and their application in the learning field. Some models have been tried out either in colleges, universities or entrepreneurship development programmes. These models have been developed based upon the pedagogical requirement or to get outcome of business start-ups after the entrepreneurial training. The Entrepreneur in Economic Modeling, Kakinada Model of Entrepreneurship Education with the experiment done by David McClelland, AIM pyramid of NITI Aayog, an emerging model of EE by Creative industries professionals of UK, Twenty-first Century Model of EE by H. Ramakrishna Hulugappa, TAILOR-C model of EE by Dipak Tatpuje, Model of Entrepreneurial Learning by David Rae, COBLAS model by the Japan ASEAN Integration fund with Takeru Ohe are the few of models of EE studied in this research. This comparative study is based upon the features, components, perspective and the environment in which it was developed. Each model contributed significantly in the area of entrepreneurship education and its pedagogical strength ‘in the higher education. Subsequently, this is urgent need to understand the models of entrepreneurship education. The entrepreneurship education is being carried out effectively in the higher education institutes across the European universities’ ( Liu, 2021 ). This is a literature survey-based study is done for understanding the various efforts and experiments done in the EE to promote self-employment.

Hegemonic Project and the Protection of Migrant Workers in ASEAN

This article introduces hegemonic projects and the protection of migrant workers in ASEAN. We argue that the hegemonic project of the integration of ASEAN constituted through the protection of migrant workers. In this article, we evaluate how hegemonic discourse operated through the protection of migrant workers in ASEAN. The discourse on the protection of migrant workers in the ASEAN Consensus is thus instrumental to the operations and existence of the hegemonic project.

LESSON LEARNED FOR ASEAN FROM THE INTEGRATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (THE EU)

Human rights are one of the EU’s tools to integrate its member states as well as its citizens. The integration of human rights into EU law and policy build the concept of “the new EU” which is to establish “economic space” together with the space of liberty, justice and security which is implemented in the third pillar of the Maastricht Treaty .EU experience shows that the integration of human rights into their law and policy not only enhance the protection of human rights and democratic legitimacy but also economic, social welfare and peaceful life. Integration of human rights demonstrates the possibility of a plural nation which have a background of century-old conflicts to become one strong institution. The EU and ASEAN follow a similar path of regional integration. The success of the EU integration includes human rights integration and has made the EU a model for ASEAN integration. Despite, their differences, the ASEAN can learn the positive contribution of integrating human rights in the EU as the ASEAN is moving from economic cooperation to other related areas including human rights through ASEAN Community in 2015.