Architectural Art Research Articles

Across the border. Ties of architects and urban planners between East and West Germany: the case of Egon Hartmann, 1954–1976

ABSTRACTEgon Hartmann (1919–2009) was a prominent East German planner and a rising star of the architectural scene in the early years of the German Democratic Republic (GDR). A graduate from the College for Architecture and Fine Arts, he became Chief Architect of Thuringia in 1951 and built such remarkable architectures like the government high-rise in Erfurt. Nevertheless, he left the GDR in 1954, settled in West Germany where he first worked in Mainz and then moved to Munich and thereby became a ‘crosser’, one of the few planners who successfully worked on both sides of the Iron Curtain. This paper traces Egon Hartmann’s private–professional ties based on the letters sent to/ from him across the inner-German border that have been archived in his estate. It aims to show that integrating a personal dimension and very specific patterns of communication into the analysis of transnational connections, transfers, exchanges, and cooperation of planners reveals rather informal ties that created unexpected relations across the Iron Curtain. Nevertheless, those were a crucial resource for the planners’ career and private life, when formal bonds were destabilized due to large-scale political tensions and the division of the two worlds.

An appreciation of the educational achievements of Bert Kinzey

The aim of this paper is to describe the achievements of Bertram Kinzey in the field of acoustics within architectural education. Bert Kinzey’s ability to bridge engineering and architecture is of particular note to the personal experience of the author. With Bert’s personal efforts that the University of Florida was able to begin accepting students into the program who did not have a traditional undergraduate degree in architecture. As the first student to matriculate into the Graduate School of Architecture at the University of Florida from this category the author owes a great deal of his personal career to Bert Kinzey. Bert lead the Environmental Technologies option at the School, which brought the art of music, the art of architecture and the engineering of applied technology into a combination which has enriched the profession(*). The study of concert hall architecture and acoustics has benefited greatly from Bert’s leadership where acoustical modeling and auralization can stand beside traditional visual techniques in the field of architectural modeling.

Miasto jako organizm przyjazny człowiekowi

Fenomen miasta polega na tym, że jest ono strukturą wielowarstwową. Mówiąc miasto europejskie, ma się przed oczami jego specyficzną tkankę: kompozycję budynków, ulic i placów. Wyraźne granice między strefą prywatną a publiczną, wzajemne relacje między budynkami, które zawsze są otwarte na przestrzeń publiczną – wszystko to tworzy niepowtarzalną atmosferę dobrze skrojonej struktury. Camillo Sitte patrzył na miasto jak na dzieło sztuki. Twierdził, że sztuka budowania miast polega na artystycznej umiejętności komponowania takich elementów, jak place, ulice i budynki. Gordon Cullen, który w swoich szkicach wyraził artystyczne walory krajobrazu miejskiego, również uważał, że sztuka architektury polega na szukaniu relacji pomiędzy poszczególnymi komponentami. Miasta powinny być piękne, ale muszą też być przyjazne człowiekowi. To w miejskich przestrzeniach publicznych ludzie mogą najpełniej zaspokoić swoje aspiracje i potrzeby związane z komfortem fizycznym i psychicznym. Co więcej, otoczenie innych ludzi daje człowiekowi nieocenioną szansę na nawiązywanie różnorodnych kontaktów społecznych, a także zapewnia mu poczucie akceptacji i bezpieczeństwa. Miasto to nie tylko struktura przestrzenna, ale przede wszystkim ludzie i ich zmieniające się w czasie potrzeby. Aby odpowiadać na potrzeby mieszkańców większych i mniejszych miast, istotne staje się traktowanie organizmu miejskiego jako systemu wielu skomplikowanych układów urbanistycznych i architektonicznych przyjaznych człowiekowi. Wiedza o projektowaniu, w tym metodologia projektowania i związana z nią wiedza systemowa, może pomóc w rozwiązywaniu problemów organizacji przestrzeni współczesnych miast. Ważne jest zatem, aby miasta funkcjonowały jak dobrze zaprojektowany organizm.

Miasto jako organizm przyjazny człowiekowi

The phenomenon of a city rest upon the fact that it is a multi-layered structure. When we take into consideration European city, we have its specific fabric in front of our eyes – its arrangement of buildings, streets and squares. Distinctive border between private area and public one, interaction between buildings which are always open to communal area- all these things create unique atmosphere of perfectly designed structure. Camillo Sitte perceived a city as the work of art. He claimed that the art of the city development rests upon artistic competence of framing such elements as squares, streets and buildings. Gordon Cullen, who in his delineations expressed artistic advantage of urban landscape, stated that the art of architecture is all about searching for individual components. Cities should be both attractive and human-friendly. In public urban areas individuals can indulge their aspirations and needs connected with physical and mental comfort. What is more, presence among other people gives a man invaluable chance to establish different social contacts, and also guarantees sense of acceptance and safety. City means not only the specific structure but mainly the people and their needs changing in time. To answer inhabitants’ needs it is crucial to treat city organism as a system of complicated urban and structural setups, which are human-friendly. The knowledge of designing, including designing methodology and related to this bottom-up knowledge can help in solving the problems with special arrangement of the contemporary cities. It is crucial then to remember that cities should function as perfectly-designed body.

The “shape” and “meaning” of the roof arts in Chinese classical architecture

This paper takes the “roof” in Chinese classical architecture as the research object. The breakthrough point of this paper would be the perspective of design aesthetics. Through the rational and perceptual analysis of the roof art, this paper would reveal that the roof shape has the double artistic features: “beauty of shape” and “beauty of idea”. This paper would have a comprehensive analysis for the following aspects: the rational method of roof construction, the emotional feeling of the roof construction and the implied meaning of beauty in the roof construction.

Istanbul Connections

Boğaziçi University (Istanbul, Turkey), a highly regarded program in art history, architecture, and visual culture in Turkey, organized a Distinguished Visiting Professorship program that brought renowned art historians from a variety of fields to the university to teach graduate courses, and thereby broaden and strengthen graduate student training. Topics ranged from the ancient Mediterranean world to Asian photography, with a particular focus on the framework of transculturalism.

Lantern in Houses and Religious Establishments through the Paintings of Orientalists in the 12th- 13th AH/ 18th- 19th AD

Drawings of Orientalists presented exact details of different peoples’ lives, as well as their lifestyle and their worship. These artistic paintings aimed to highlight the architecture art of Islamic civilization, as Orientalists witnessed during their visits; and here lies the importance of these paintings in history. Some of the Orientalists’ paintings, depicting religious establishments and homes from inside, were decorated with different lighting tools, the most important of them were the lanterns, or as it was called in Morocco chandelier. The paper is aiming to present the different types of lanterns in Islamic art, in addition to the most important Orientalists artists, who presented the Islamic enlightenment in their paintings. Research target: The main target of the research is to highlight the aesthetics of the Lantern by studying the plates of the Orientalists in (the 12th- 13th centuries AD/ 18th- 19th centuries) from the historical perspective, as well as to compare between the various plates to clarify the artistic and decorative values. Research methodology: To achieve the objectives of the research, both the descriptive and historical methods are used to study lanterns in the Orientalists’ paintings, and to compare them with those stored in the different museum.

Model development of the south regional architecture art university organization

The model of south regional architecture art university organization is considered from the standpoint of structuring an environment in which creative professions learning takes place. The model of the structure of information and recreation zone and the basic principles of its formation, which correspond to the requirements for educational institutions: information availability, mobile adaptation, availability of all functional areas. The basic principles of the formation of educational institution are: flexibility, versatility, energy efficiency

Architecture, Art, And Moderate Moralism

In this essay Noël Carroll explores the question of whether a moral defect in a work of architectural art can ever also count as an aesthetic /artistic defect. Adopting the stance of a moderate moralist and mobilizing what has been called the “uptake argument,” he argues against the moderate autonomist that sometimes a moral defect in an architectural artwork can also be an aesthetic/artistic defect

Art in Transnational Architecture: Paul F. Damaz's Popularization of the Synthesis of the Arts Between Europe and Latin America

A study on the writings of Portuguese-American architect Paul F. Damaz, who popularized a discourse on the synthesis of the arts—European and Latin American tendencies at the crossroads of modernism and postwar reconstruction. This article proposes that he developed a comparative analysis, which legitimized modernizing initiatives in the context of the postwar European reconstruction and the rise of Cold War developmentalism, or Latin American desarrollismo .

Realising the Right to Data Portability for the Internet of Things

There is an increasing role for the IT design community to play in regulation of emerging IT. Article 25 of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) 2016 puts this on a strict legal basis by establishing the need for information privacy by design and default (PbD) for personal data-driven technologies. Against this backdrop, we examine legal, commercial and technical perspectives around the newly created legal right to data portability (RTDP) in GDPR. We are motivated by a pressing need to address regulatory challenges stemming from the Internet of Things (IoT). We need to find channels to support the protection of these new legal rights for users in practice. In Part I we introduce the internet of things and information PbD in more detail. We briefly consider regulatory challenges posed by the IoT and the nature and practical challenges surrounding the regulatory response of information privacy by design. In Part II, we look in depth at the legal nature of the RTDP, determining what it requires from IT designers in practice but also limitations on the right and how it relates to IoT. In Part III we focus on technical approaches that can support the realisation of the right. We consider the state of the art in data management architectures, tools and platforms that can provide portability, increased transparency and user control over the data flows. In Part IV, we bring our perspectives together to reflect on the technical, legal and business barriers and opportunities that will shape the implementation of the RTDP in practice, and how the relationships may shape emerging IoT innovation and business models. We finish with brief conclusions about the future for the RTDP and PbD in the IoT. NOTE - Updated v.2 added 30 May 2017.

ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ПАМ’ЯТКООХОРОННИХ ОРГАНІВ НА ШЕПЕТІВЩИНІ У 1920–1930-х РОКАХ

The article examines the activities of the Kyiv Regional Inspectorate for the Protection of Cultural and Art Monuments (KRIPC) outside the Kyiv region, in particular in Shepetivka district, and the cooperation of the Inspectorate with the All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee. The subject of this article is the study of the KRIPC activities for the preservation of cultural heritage outside the Kyiv region, specifically in Shepetivka district of the Volyn Province. In February 1926, the Presidium of “Ukrnauka” (Ukrainian Science) expanded the authority of the KRIPC and approved it for the monuments supervision in another 16 districts. The activities of the monument protective agencies was primarily aimed at saving the monuments located on the territory of Shepetivka district, which contained a large number of the architectural landmarks and art monuments of the 17th-18th centuries requiring immediate protection and restoration from ultimate destruction.In its activities, the Kyiv Regional Inspectorate for the Protection of Cultural and Art Monuments has suffered both failures and victories. For example, the efforts to turn the Bernadine Monastery in Zaslav into a cultural center have failed. Suggestion for the transfer of the klasztor building to the community of Zaslav town and the foundation of the museum of Zaslav on its territory proposed by monument protectors was not approved. Despite this failure, the monument protectors managed to save from the final destruction the castle of the former princes Ostrogskis in Starokonstantiniv and create in its place the State Historical and Cultural Reserve. Such result would not have been possible without the cooperation of monument protective agencies of all levels. Therefore, it is significant the important role of other bodies for the protection of cultural and art monuments, in particular All-Ukrainian Archaeological Committee, in the successes of the monument protectors. The activity of the Kyiv Regional Inspectorate for the Protection of Cultural and Art Monuments was the main but not the only one.

Generative Forms of Historical Architectural Arts – the Example of Caisson in Historical Temple

Generative Forms of Historical Architectural Arts – the Example of Caisson in Historical Temple

Vernon Lee’s Composition of ‘The Virgin of the Seven Daggers’: Historic Emotion and the Aesthetic Life

This article examines Vernon Lee’s personal impressions of the people, landscapes, architecture, and religious art she encountered while travelling in Tangier and Southern Spain in the winter of 1888 and 1889 as recorded in her Commonplace Book iv . In doing so, it contextualizes the composition of Lee’s only supernatural tale set in Spain, ‘The Virgin of the Seven Daggers’, written in the summer of 1889, and in the wake of a painful period for Lee — intimacy with her companion of eight years, A. Mary F. Robinson, abruptly ended between 1887 and 1888 after Robinson’s unexpected marriage. With an eye to biographical context, this article also marks a return to Lee’s aesthetic theories of the 1880s, usually overshadowed by critical interest in her later theory of ‘aesthetic empathy’ informed by her study of psychological aesthetics. By tracing Lee’s views of the mind in the 1880s as inherently rooted in sympathetic impulses of association — what Lee terms the ‘faculty of association’ — this piece explicates her early aesthetic theories of the ‘aesthetic life’ and ‘historic emotion’, and demonstrates how she used her period of exposure to foreign, and at times unsettling climes and cultures, to experiment with the benefits and limitations of (aesthetic) sympathy in encounters with difference.

Reconstruction and Architecture Art in TAGHLUQ State(720 A.H – 816 A.H \ 1320 A.D- 1413 A.D)

Reconstruction and Architecture Art in TAGHLUQ State(720 A.H – 816 A.H \ 1320 A.D- 1413 A.D)

MASJID: Bentuk Manifestasi Seni dan Kebudayaan

Cultural value can determine the characteristics of cultural environment in which those values believed. Hence, it is colored by the act of the society and the product of the culture. In this sense, human beings as the main actor of that existing culture. One of the visible products of the culture is its art (architecture) as the proof that best describes the situation of the culture. The architecture also influences the ups and downs ofn a civilization, and it is more meaningful creating the combination between human culture and the humanrs obedience to the God which shows harmonious relationship among human, environment, and the creator. It, then, will emerge as an Islamic new civilization, and will bring the goodness for human beings. This paper describes a mosque as not only the symbol of syirar Islam for praying and irtikaf, but something that has wider role. It is the creation of Islamic cultural value. It means that the mosque was born from the knowledge that is inspired from spiritual values, therefore, it reminds and guides human to come back to the God.

Viral Institute of Performance Architecture

The economic repression and moral crisis of the 1970s encouraged the experimentation in architecture with its concept, influenced widely by the art scene of the decade. Educational programmes in art and architecture schools were widely affected by the alternative spirit of the era, experimenting with the form of the classroom and the institution as well as the curriculum and the core subject of the discipline. The establishment and development of performance art throughout the decade introduced the genre into the architectural education, extending the practice into new pathways. This collaboration that started between architecture and performance art is revisited today under the new prism of performance architecture.The Viral Institute of Performance Architecture (VIPA) was launched in June 2016 as an alternative body that promotes the experimental connection of architecture with the human body. Adopting the title of an institute the members of the group are suggesting the emergence of performance architecture as a critical and transformative movement in the architecture of the twenty-first century. The institute takes a viral form, as it is housed in the bodies of all its members, a transient and fluid international assembly of performance architects, including Alex Schweder, Kyveli Anastasiadi and Aliki Kylika.Among its activities, VIPA participates in the architectural education, seeking to infiltrate performance practices and theories within the formal educational curriculum of architecture schools, by running workshops and small projects. In this attempt VIPA is inspired by the paradigms of many educators who experiment with the medium of performance in teaching architecture. Outside of schools, VIPA exercises an architectural education of the wider public, revitalizing the DIY cultures of the 1960s and 1970s in architecture. In collaboration with performance groups, communities and other practices VIPA explores the limits and mutations of the performance architecture genre by designing and building spaces through performance practices (participatory, improvisational, playful, performative).

Effect of music on Turkish medical schools' architectural design in the Seljuk and Ottoman period

Anatolian people throughout the ages have given importance to art and science. Music has been one of the most important part of life in Ottoman, Anatolian Seljuk Turks. Music therapy has been used with not only traditional medicine but also has been used with modern therapy. It has different historical progresses according to the cultures, nations, and periods, from being a myth to a treatment method. Hospitals' design methods for music therapy have great importance for treatment. Because of the immigration of Turkish people in 11-16th century, different Anatolian works like architectural art and institution affected the other countries. Among these works, we try to state some charity foundations all rendered for the use of the public such as temples, madrasahs, schools, dervish lodges, libraries, and cottage houses. The importance of “Music Therapy” is to show its historical progress, the effects on human being, and to exist the place it takes in psychology science. In this paper, the historical progress...

Philip Johnson

In the late 1950s and 1960s, before it became a norm to situate contemporary art in public spaces, Philip Johnson employed a model for relating contemporary architecture and art, proposing mutual enhancement based on juxtaposition and contrast over independence or integration. In Philip Johnson: The Whence and Whither of Art in Architecture, Cécile Whiting examines two examples of Johnson's use of contemporary art: the New York State Theater at Lincoln Center and the New York State Pavilion at the 1964–65 New York World's Fair. Whiting discusses the ways in which the commissioned art contrasted with the structures and orchestrated the movement of visitors. Johnson's use of painting and sculpture in and on these two buildings blurred lines—not only the line between art and architecture but also that between high art and popular commerce. As demonstrated in these works, modern art and architecture could engage in a rapprochement without effacing the creative tension between them.

Woman's Share in Neolithic Society: A View from the Southern Levant

Early farming groups set into motion substantial, even revolutionary, socioeconomic changes during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period (ca. 10,500–6,000 cal. B.C.E.) in the southern Levant of Southwest Asia. Social organizational structures capable of addressing new opportunities and challenges would have been integral to these developments. This contribution focuses on the archaeological evidence from which our understanding of the gendered aspects of this new social order can be gleaned. Specifically, evidence for sex-based labor patterns, the relative status of men and women, and gendered ideology are discussed by synthesizing current data from human skeletal remains, mortuary contexts, architecture, and figurative art. Available evidence does not support the hypothesis that Pre-Pottery Neolithic societies were organized hierarchically in terms of gender.