Breadfruit Research Articles

Breeding and feeding habitat selection by an island endemic bird may increase its vulnerability to climate change

AbstractCharacterizing patterns of habitat use is an important first step for effective conservation planning. Species restricted to low‐lying islands are at greatest risk from climate change‐related sea level rise, and requirements for breeding and foraging habitat may determine their risk from tidal inundation. The endangered Micronesian Scrubfowl (Megapodius laperouse senex) is a model species for understanding these impacts. This species faces the cumulative challenges of tourist visitation, invasive species, and rising sea levels, yet little is understood about its habitat use in the Rock Islands Southern Lagoon Conservation Area (RISL) of Palau. We studied the habitat requirements of this mound‐nesting scrub‐fowl as a representative of a group of birds considered highly vulnerable to climate change. Analysis of 15 habitat variables at 24 incubation mounds and 26 randomly chosen sites indicated that scrubfowl selected incubation sites that were close to shore, contained large trees, and exhibited greater canopy heights than the surrounding forest. Birds preferentially built mounds at the base of large ironwood trees (Casuarina equisetifolia) but selected sites with significantly more breadfruit trees (Artocarpus mariannensis) than random. Scrubfowl foraged in a non‐preferential manner, making use of all littoral strand forest habitat. Direct anthropogenic habitat loss is not a major threat to scrub‐fowl in the RISL, but their breeding habitat is highly vulnerable to climate change‐driven sea level rise.

A geranylated chalcone with antiplatelet activity from the leaves of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis)

Platelet plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development. Abnormalities in platelet aggregation provokes thromboembolism, eventually leading to death. In Indonesia, breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf is traditionally used to treat CVDs. This study aimed to evaluate the antiplatelet activity of A. altilis leaf extract (AAE) and to identify its active compound. A. altilis leaves were extracted with ethanol, and the antiplatelet activity was assessed using ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The major compound was isolated with column chromatography followed by preparative TLC, and the structure was determined on the basis of UV, MS, IR, and NMR spectra. The binding mode of the active compound to platelet receptors was characterized in in silico study. AAE exhibited an antiplatelet activity (IC50 of 252.23 µg/mL). A geranylated chalcone, 2-geranyl-2ʹ,3,3,4ʹ-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (GTDC) was identified as the antiplatelet compound (IC50 of 9.09 µM). GTDC actions with P2Y12 platelet receptor involving three amino acid residues.

Two New Geranylated Biphenyl Esters From Artocarpus altilis

Two new geranylated biphenyl esters, 2,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-3-geranyl-5-carboxyethyl-biphenyl methyl ester (1), 2,3′,4,4′-tetrahydroxy-3-geranyl-5-carboxymethyl-biphenyl methyl ester (2), together with 4 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of Artocarpus altilis. Their structures were established by spectroscopic means and by comparison with literature data. Compound 1 possessed moderate cytotoxicity toward MDA-MB-231 (a breast carcinoma cell line) with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of 30 µM and inhibited the growth of 8 bacteria, including gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, but was inactive against fungi.

Antioxidant and toxicity activity of aqueous extracts from various parts of breadfruit and breadnut

ABSTRACT Two related underutilized plants from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and breadnut (Artocarpus camansi) were explored for their antioxidant and toxicity potential. Maceration with water was employed for the sake of safety and easiness. Various parts of both plants, namely leaves, fruit peel, anthocarp, and breadnut achene, were investigated. The antioxidant assays employed in this study were total phenolic and flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH scavenging activity, power-reducing assay, and linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition. The acute toxicity potential of the extracts was assessed using inhibition of Vibrio harveyi bioluminescence. The EC50 value determined from the toxicity assessment (>2.4 mg/mL) was higher than the concentrations of all extracts used in the various assays of antioxidant property. From all aqueous extracts, the best results in terms of highest antioxidant activity and relatively lowest toxicity were obtained for breadnut leaves, breadnut achene, and breadfruit leaves.

Pengaruh Ketebalan Mulsa Ampas Tebu Dan Interval Penyiraman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sukun (Artocarpus communis Forst)

Breadfruit (Artocarpus communis Forst) is a plant that has many benefits, which is able to support the welfare of the community. To cultivate these plants required effective and efficient techniques. This study aims to determine the effect of bagasse mulch thickness and intervals of watering to growth of breadfruit. This study used a complete randomized design (RAL) with 2 factors. The first factor is the thickness factor of bagasse mulch (T) which consists of control/without treatment (T0), thickness 1 cm (T1), thickness 3 cm (T2) and thickness 5 cm (T3) and the second factor is watering interval (S) consisting of daily watering (S1), 1 time in 3 days (S2) and 1 time in 6 days (S3). The observed parameters were height increase (cm), diameter (cm), number of leaves (strands), length of root (cm), upper water content of plants (shoot)(%) and moisture content (root)(%). The results showed that there is a real effect on the growth of breadfruit with the treatment of various of bagasse mulch thickness to height increase, diameter, number of leaves, length of root, and upper water content of plants. And the treatment of watering interval showed the real effect on the parameters of height increase, diameter, number of leaves and length of root.

The Effect of Processing Conditions on Production of Resistant Starch Type III (RS3) from Breadfruit Starch

Resistant starchtype III (RS3) possess various beneficial physiological effects as well as functionality in food containing resistant starch (RS). In this study, RS3 is produced from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) starch using different processing conditions involving disruption of starch granules, enzymatic debranching of starch polymer, starch retrogradation and drying. Then, the morphology and size of the starch granules were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). A sample with the highest RS content (54.59%), denoted as P8 was produced when the breadfruit starch was suspended in distilled water, gelatinised by heating at 90°C for 30 minutes, followed by starch debranching with 20 New Pullulanase Unit Novo (NPUN) enzyme per g starch at 60°C for 24 hours. The suspension was then autoclaved at 121°C for 1 hour and cold stored at 4°C for 24 hours. Further treatment of P8 sample with 0.5 M HCl acid at 60°C for 24 hours, produced HCl-breadfruit RS3 with 57.86% of RS content. It was observed that hydrolysis of breadfruit RS3 sample with HCl produced smoother starch granules with more crystalline region and proportionally increased the RS content when compared to other treated sample. This study revealed that different processing conditions were significantly influenced the percentage of yield and properties of RS type III produced from breadfruit starch.

Biochemical Composition of Pulp and Seed of Wild Jack (Artocarpus hirsutus Lam.) Fruit.

Wild jack (Artocarpus hirsutus Lam.) is an endemic perennial tree of Western Ghats of India. Wild jack, a timber purpose tree, is distributed in several Kaan community forests. Although local people consume unripe as well as fully ripe fruits and roasted seeds, wild jack is unrecognized as a fruit tree. It remains almost undocumented with respect to nutritional value in terms of biochemical composition. We carried out biochemical profiling of ripe fruits and seeds of wild jack. Every 100g fruit pulp was composed of 12g total soluble sugars, 16.7g total starch, 441μg total carotenoids (beta carotene equivalent) and 8.1mg ascorbic acid, 0.4mg GAE total phenol and showed total cupric reducing antioxidant activity of 1.9mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Every 100g whole seed flour was composed of 6g total soluble sugars, 6.6g starch, 9.9g total proteins, 3mg GAE total phenol and 3.1mg GAE total antioxidant capacity. Biochemical profiles of wild jackfruit and seeds were comparable with those of other Artocarpus fruits like jackfruit and bread fruit. Our findings suggest that wild jack deserves to be promoted as a minor fruit species of high nutritional importance and must be considered as a potential fruit crop species for further research.

Impacts of Hurricanes on Fruit Tree Crops in the Caribbean with Emphasis on Hurricane Tomas on Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and Breadnut (Artocarpus camansi) in St Lucia and St Vincent and the Grenadines

Agriculture, the most important productive sector for many Caribbean countries, is also the most susceptible to climate disasters such as hurricanes, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity due to climate change. Based on assessments in the crop sub-sector, certain crops have been recognised as being highly prone to negative impacts of hurricanes while others are relatively little affected. There is a dearth of post-hurricane assessment information for fruit tree crops that make substantial contributions to food and nutrition security in the region, both directly and indirectly. This paper reviews the effects of hurricanes in the Caribbean on fruit tree crops and the implications for food and nutrition security and also livelihoods. A case study on the impact of Hurricane Tomas on damage on fruit tree crops with emphasis on breadfruit and breadnut in St Lucia and St Vincent and the Grenadines and lessons on the potential of climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies for the fruit tree crop subsector are presented.

Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Dan Escherichia coli

Diarrhea is caused by bacterial infections, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) are known contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins which can be used as antibacterial. This research was conducted to determine the ethanol extract of the breadfruit leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The manufacture of the breadfruit leaf extract was using a maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. The result of the tube test and the TLC test was positive, the breadfruit leaf extract containing flavonoids and tannins which have potential as antibacterial. The antibacterial test was carried out using the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria incubated for 1 x 24 hours. The extract concentrations tested were 10%, 15% and 20%. The positive control was using erythromycin antibiotics and the negative control was using aquades. The identification of the chemical content of plants is done by tube test and the TLC test. The results of incubation of the breadfruit leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, the average diameter of inhibitory zones respectively were 3.67, 3.50 and 2.67 mm with the positive control diameter of inhibition zone was 18.5 mm, the negative control diameter of inhibition zone was 0 mm. The results of incubation of the breadfruit leaf extract with concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20% against Escherichia coli bacteria, the average diameter of inhibitory zones respectively were 5.33, 3.17 and 3.33 mm with the positive control inhibition zone diameter of 28.5 mm and the negative control of inhibition zone diameter of 0 mm. The activity of ethanol extract of the breadfruit leaves against the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria is included in the weak category.

Effectiveness of Breadfruit Leaf Extract (Artocarpus Altilis) as a Mouthwash to Reduce Saliva Viscosity

Saliva is a complex liquid in the mouth that has an important role as self-cleansing. If the viscosity of saliva is getting lower, the possibility of caries will decrease. The use of mouth rinses is one way to maintain oral hygiene. One of the herbs that can be used as medicine is breadfruit leaf (Artocarpus Altilis). The objective of this study is to determine the effect of breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus Altilis) as a mouthwash on saliva viscosity in boarding students of the Dental Nursing Department. This type of research is a pre-experiment with the design of One Group Pretest Posttest which was conducted in October-November 2019. The population of this research study was the boarding students of the Dental Nursing Department of the Yogyakarta Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health with a sample size of 40 respondents taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired Sample T-Test and Simple Linear Regression. 62.5% of respondents aged 18 years with female sex were more than men that were 97.5%. The parametric test results using the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significant difference with a value of p=0.000. Simple Linear Regression analysis test results showed that there was a significant influence between the accumulation of salivary viscosity before and after gargling the breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus Altilis) concentration of 20%, with a decrease in the means before gargling the breadfruit leaf extract 3.5810 to 2.6025 with a significance value 0.004 (P<0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is an influence of breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus Altilis) as a mouthwash on saliva viscosity in boarding students of the Dental Nursing Department. It is recommended for further research on the use of breadfruit leaf extract (Artocarpus Altilis) as a mouthwash with different concentrations and solvents so as to increase knowledge of the effectiveness of breadfruit leaves as a mouthwash ingredient.

PENGARUH SUBTITUSI TEPUNG TERIGU DENGAN TEPUNG SUKUN (Artocarpus altilis) TERHADAP MUTU KIMIA KUE SEMPRONG

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is one of the main fruit producing plants of the Moraceae family. This plant has long been cultivated by the people of Indonesia and even in several countries in the Pacific region such as Fiji, Tahiti, the Samoan Islands, and Hawaii, breadfruit has been used as a traditional staple food. The consumption of breadfruit is generally still limited as a snack and a vegetable and as an alternative food source, breadfruit is proven to have a high nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution of wheat flour with breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) on the chemical quality of semprong cake or egg roll. The treatment design in this research on the substitution of wheat flour with breadfruit flour (Artocarpus altilis) on the chemical quality of semprong cakes, namely: P0 (100 grams of wheat flour), P1 (75 grams of wheat flour + 25 grams of breadfruit flour), P2 (50 grams of wheat flour + 50 grams of breadfruit flour), P3 (75 grams of wheat flour + 25 grams of breadfruit flour), and P4 (100 grams of breadfruit flour). The experimental design used was a randomized randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The results of the proximate analysis test included moisture, ash, fat, protein and carbohydrate content, with an average value of 3.50% water content, 1.07% ash content, 26.97% fat content, 4.21% protein content, and 63.88% carbohydrate content.

Test the effectiveness of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) leaf extract on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus

Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus are a health problem in Indonesia. Antibiotics can be used as the treatment, but currently Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative medicine. One of the plants that has characteristics to be used as herbal medicine is Breadfruit leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of concentration on breadfruit leaf juice which can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This type of research is experimental. The study population was pure Staphylococcus aureus bacteria on NAS (Nutrient Agar Slant) media. The sample in this study was pure Staphylococcus aureus transferred from pure culture media (NAS), while the number of repetitions of the sample was 5 times the treatment, in this study were P1 (100%), P2 (75%), P3 (50%), P4 (25%), P5(0%). Data on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was obtained by indirect observation, namely through laboratory tests and data collection techniques using the ANOVA test with an error rate (0.05) and followed by the Tukkey HSD test through the SPSS16.0 program. Based on the results of the antibacterial test of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) in the ANOVA test, the probability number was 0.000 and there was an effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Followed by the Tukkey HSD test, it was obtained at a concentration of 25% which is the minimum inhibitory power, the effective concentration to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 75%. From the data above, it can be concluded that there is an effect of breadfruit leaf juice (Artocarpus altilis) on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.

Anti-Hyperuricemic Effects of Water-Soluble Fraction of Leaf Extract of Sukun (Artocarpus Altilis) on Mice Fed Purine-Rich Foods

Introduction Hyperuricemia is a condition characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood mainly due to its metabolic inefficiency [1]. Hyperuricemia is associated with many human diseases such as stroke incidence, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and mainly gout, an inflamm

The Effect of Kluwih (Artocarpus communis) Fruit Flesh Addition to the Nutrition Content of Mackerel Tuna Fish Abon

One of the plants that are easily found in tropical country including Indonesia, but has not been used optimally is Kluwih fruit (Artocarpus communis). In fact, the fiber content in Kluwih is similar to meat that makes it good to be used as abon ingredient. Abon normally made of meat that makes the price generally high. To reduce the prices of abon to be affordable by the middle and lower classes, abon products can be made from vegetable ingredients (such as Kluwih) combined with meat. The research methods consisted of three treatments with different in the amount of Kluwih and Mackerel tuna fish ratio. We concluded that Kluwih fruit could be used as a substitute for meat in Abon making. The Kluwih addition in Fish Abon making affects the nutrition content of the Mackerel tuna abon final product significantly

Artocarpus altilis extracts as a food-borne pathogen and oxidation inhibitors: RSM, COSMO RS, and molecular docking approaches

Lipid oxidation and microbial contamination are the major factors contributing to food deterioration. Food additives like antioxidants and antibacterials can prevent food spoilage by delaying oxidation and preventing the growth of bacteria. Artocarpus altilis leaves exhibited biological properties that suggested its use as a new source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used to optimize the extraction of bioactive compounds from the leaves using response surface methodology (yield and antioxidant activity). The optimum SFE conditions were 50.5 °C temperature, 3784 psi pressure and 52 min extraction time. Verification test results (Tukey’s test) showed that no significant difference between the expected and experimental DPPH activity and yield value (99%) were found. Gas-chromatography –mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed three major bioactive compounds existed in A. altilis extract. The extract demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial properties with 2,3-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase mushrrom inhibition of 41.5%, 8.15 ± 1.31 (µg of ascorbic acid equivalents), 32%, 37% and inhibition zone diameter of 0.766 ± 0.06 cm (B. cereus) and 1.27 ± 0.12 cm (E. coli). Conductor like screening model for real solvents (COSMO RS) was performed to explain the extraction mechanism of the major bioactive compounds during SFE. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) shows the probability site of nucleophilic and electrophilic attack during bacterial inhibition. Based on molecular docking study, non-covalent interactions are the main interaction occurring between the major bioactive compounds and bacteria (antibacterial inhibition).

Breadfruit leaves extract (Artocarpus altilis) effect on pancreatic damage in diabetic type II animal model induced by alloxan–nicotinamide

ObjectiveDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to abnormal insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Breadfruit has been used in traditional medicine for diabetes mellitus. This study aims to see the effect of giving ethanol breadfruit leaf extract to pancreatic damage induced by alloxan–nicotinamide. MethodsRats were induced with alloxan–nicotinamide and grouped into 4 groups, namely group I (normal) without treatment, group II (positive) given metformin 100mg/kg body weight (BW), group III (negative) given Na CMC, group IV gave breadfruit leaves extract 100mg/kg BW, group V given breadfruit leaves extract 400mg/kg BW. Treatment was given for 14 days and histopathological examination of the pancreas. ResultsThe results showed that group I pancreatic histopathology was not damaged, Group II suffered damage of 25–75%, Group III with 25% damage, and group IV showed 50%, and group V showed pancreatic damage from 0 to 25%. Breadfruit leaves extract 400mg/kg BW has better activity to protect the pancreas and reduced the effect of pancreatic damage in rats. ConclusionThe administration of breadfruit leaves extract 400mg/kg BW has a potential effect against pancreatic damage better than metformin. This protection against the pancreas might be caused by the antioxidant activity of breadfruit leaves against ROS. This protection on pancreas against ROS might also affect proper insulin secretion.

Cultivation potential projections of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) under climate change scenarios using an empirically validated suitability model calibrated in Hawai'i.

Humanity faces significant challenges to agriculture and human nutrition, and changes in climate are predicted to make such challenges greater in the future. Neglected and underutilized crops may play a role in mitigating and addressing such challenges. Breadfruit is a long-lived tree crop that is a nutritious, carbohydrate-rich staple, which is a priority crop in this regard. A fuzzy-set modeling approach was applied, refined, and validated for breadfruit to determine its current and future potential productivity. Hawai'i was used as a model system, with over 1,200 naturalized trees utilized to calibrate a habitat suitability model and 56 producer sites used to validate the model. The parameters were then applied globally on 17 global climate models at the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 global climate projections for 2070. Overall, breadfruit suitability increases in area and in quality, with larger increases occurring in the RCP 8.5 projection. Current producing regions largely remain unchanged in both projections, indicating relative stability of production potential in current growing regions. Breadfruit, and other tropical indigenous food crops present strong opportunities for cultivation and food security risk management strategies moving forward.

Expression of Gibberellin Metabolism Genes and Signalling Components in Dwarf Phenotype of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Plants Growing on Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) Rootstocks.

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a traditional staple tree crop throughout the tropics. The species is an evergreen tree 15–20 m; there are currently no size-controlling rootstocks within the species. Through interspecific grafting, a dwarf phenotype was identified in breadfruit plants growing on Marang (Artocarpus odoratissimus) rootstocks, which displayed ~60% reduction in plant height with ~80% shorter internodes. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism underlying rootstock-induced dwarfing, we investigated the involvement of gibberellin (GA) in reduction of stem elongation. Expression of GA metabolism genes was analysed in the period from 18 to 24 months after grafting. In comparison to self-graft and non-graft, scion stems on marang rootstocks displayed decrease in expression of a GA biosynthetic gene, AaGA20ox3, and increase in expression of a GA catabolic genes, AaGA2ox1, in the tested 6-month period. Increased accumulation of DELLA proteins (GA-signalling repressors) was found in scion stems growing on marang rootstocks, together with an increased expression of a DELLA gene, AaDELLA1. Exogenous GA treatment was able to restore the stem elongation rate and the internode length of scions growing on marang rootstocks. The possibility that GA deficiency forms a component of the mechanism underlying rootstock-induced breadfruit dwarfing is discussed.

Quality Evaluation Of Some Softening Agents Used In The South East, Nigeria

Mineral composition and the Sensory attributes of Some food softening agents: Potash, dry Plantain leaf, Unripe Plantain peel, dry Palm bunch (Extracts) and their effects on African bread fruit were evaluated. The results showed the following mineral contents of the samples: Phosphorus - 15.66mg/100g (Potash) to 26.22mg/100g (Palm bunch); Iron - 2.78ppm (Palm bunch) to 6.77mg/100g (Plantain peel); Zinc contents of the samples ranged from 2.25ppm (Plantain peel) to 3.34ppm(Potash); Potassium content of the samples ranged from 27.81mg/100g (Palm bunch) to 176mg/100g(Potash); Sodium content ranged from 9.17mg/100g (Palm bunch) to 24.78mg/100g (Potash); Magnesium ranged from 11.86mg/100g (Plantain peel) to 13.44mg/100g (Potash, Plantain leaf); Lead ranged from 0.17mg/100g (Palm bunch) to 0.39mg/100g (Potash).Calcium content of the softening agents ranged from 14.69mg/100g (Palm bunch) to 27.82mg/100g (Potash). Sensory parameters of the samples evaluated were taste, colour, aroma, texture and general acceptability. The mean taste scores of the samples ranged from 4.44 (Palm bunch extract) to 6.72 (Potash), mean colour scores ranged from 4.04 (Palm bunch extract) to 6.44 (Potash extract), mean aroma scores ranged from 4.04 (Palm bunch extract) to 6.08 (Plantain peel). Texture of the samples ranged from 8.1 (Plantain peel, Plantain leaf extracts) to 8.4 (Palm bunch extract). The general acceptability of the samples ranged from 7.20 (Palm bunch, Potash extracts) to 7.5, (plantain peels extracts).The plantain peel extract had the highest mean sensory scores in terms of overall acceptability. Its effects as a softening agent were similar to those of the potash which served as a control sample.

The Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymer from Carboxymethyl Selulose, Aluminum Sulfate and Oxidized Bread Fruit Starch

Superabsorbent polymers (CMC-Al-BSM) were synthesized from aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), aluminum sulfateoctadecahydrate (Al) and oxidized bread fruit starch (BSM). BSM is obtained by oxidizing the starch (BS) with2% hydrogen peroxide solution. CMC-Al-BSM was preparedby mixing 100 mL of 2% Na-CMC solution and 50 mL of 2% BSM solution, stirring with a magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 800C and then adding 0.01 g of aluminum sulphate and stirring for 30 minutes. The mixture formed is poured onto Teflon and dried at 70 ° C until the film is formed and then the film formed is made as a powder. The same experiment was carried out with variations in the weight of aluminum sulfate 0.03 and 0.06 g. BS and BSM are characterized by measuring the carboxyl group content, recording the FTIR spectrum and morphological analysis with SEM. CMC-Al-BSM is characterized by measuring WAC by tea bag method, surface morphology with SEM and Tg with DSC. Based on the calculation, the carboxyl group content of BSM that obtained is 0,09 % and SEM Photograph shows that the BSM particle size is smaller than the BS particle size. The optimum water absorption capacity of SAP is obtained at CMC-Al3-BSM which reaches 8330% (in 1.0 g dry weight of CMC-Al3-BSM can absorb 83.3 g of water). SEM photograph also shows that the surface morphology of CMC-Al3-BSM is more homogeneous and smooth than other SAP compositions and from DSC analysis it can be concluded that CMC-Al3-BSM is a miscible mixture