Artistic Resources Research Articles

Titian’s Poesie for Philip II and the Rise of Early Modern European Mythological Painting: Some Very Brief Observations

Titian’s Poesie for Philip II and the Rise of Early Modern European Mythological Painting: Some Very Brief Observations PAUL BAROLSKY The years 2020 and 2021 were a truly remarkable time in the art historical world. For the first time since the sixteenth century Titian’s glorious mythological paintings , the poesie painted for Philip II of Spain, were brought together to be seen as a group in exhibitions mounted in London , Madrid, and Boston. This small cluster of images consisted of Danaë in the Wellington Collection, London, Venus and Adonis in the Prado, Madrid, Perseus and Andromeda in the Wallace Collection, London, Diana and Callisto and Diana and Actaeon jointly held by the National Gallery, London and National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh, and The Rape of Europa, in the Isabella Stuart Gardner Museum, Boston. The reunion of these pictures was, as one curator put it, “a dream that is suddenly happening.” The exhibition was also the occasion to do something extra special, and the Prado did just that. The museum not only displayed the six pictures by Titian. It also exhibited them along with a wide variety of mythological works from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, several from the Prado’s own extremely rich collection. It was an opportunity seized upon by the astute curators, Miguel Falomir and Alejandro Vergara, to move from consideration of the six paintings by Titian to a broader view of the emergence of modern monumental European mythological art. The exhibition was accompanied by a beautifully designed, copiously illustrated catalogue in English: Mythological Passions: Titian, Veronese, Allori, Rubens, Ribera, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velázquez. The Prado book is a highly significant contribution to our arion 29.3 winter 2022 98 titian’s poesie for philip ii understanding of early Modern European painting. Mythological art, Falomir writes, “encouraged experimentation,” and the works by Titian in the Prado exhibition “were among the most audacious of their day.” Falomir also made a bold and compelling claim when he observed, speaking of Titian’s Venus and Adonis (Fig.1), that the painter’s depiction of “Venus ’s vain attempt to detain Adonis by embracing him,” usually said to be based on Ovid’s tale in Metamorphoses, is not, in fact, part of the story in Ovid’s poem. Rather, as Falomir points out, Titian “invented the episode.” The fact that his Venus is entirely undressed magnifies our sense of her lust, since her nudity is a clue to her abandon. When Vergara describes this picture, he aptly uses the word “luscious.” Titian is a bit of a tease when, showing Venus’s Fig. 1. Venus and Adonis (1554). Titian. Museo del Prado, Madrid © Museo Nacional del Prado / Art Resource, NY. Paul Barolsky 99 backside, he coyly conceals much more. In another painting of Venus and Adonis, this one by Rubens and now in the Hermitage, Adonis is, like Venus, undressed. Only a bit of drapery flutters over his thigh toward his genitals. This choice detail is enriched by the reach of baby Cupid who, hanging onto Adonis’s upper leg, draws our attention to that which is concealed. Falomir also suggests that when various sixteenth-century painters rendered the image of Danaë ravished by the golden shower of Jupiter, “their idea of the myth owed less to Ovid’s verses than to Titian’s brushes.” This is so because Ovid does not “picture” the event. The painter makes visible what the poet merely suggests (Fig. 2). There can never be an absolute correspondence between word and image because what is described in a text does not appear to the eye. It must be imagined by the painter. When Titian painted the story of Jupiter penetrating Dana ë, he was surely thinking primarily about painting and not about literature. He was remembering Correggio’s painting Fig. 2. Danaë (1551–53). Titian. Wellington Collection, Apsley House, London. 100 titian’s poesie for philip ii of Danaë that he would have seen in Mantua (Fig. 3). Although painters had previously depicted Jupiter descending to Danaë as a golden shower whether earlier in the Renaissance or in ancient Greece, Correggio with a great imaginative leap pictured a lush cloud above a voluptuous Danaë in a...

Hierarchies of Value: The Medallist’s Work in Sixteenth-Century Art

Hierarchies of Value: The Medallist’s Work in Sixteenth-Century Art

How to deal with multitudes?

The Routledge Companion to Drama in Education is a fifty-seven-chapter strong compilation of writings on the wide concept of drama in education. It is a “comprehensive resource for scholars, artists, and educators”, according to the editors Mary McAvoy and Peter O’Connor. The scope of themes, contexts, approaches, localities, methodologies and authors included in the volume reflect their aim, and it seems beyond question that the publication has all the characteristics needed to become a seminal reference point for those writing about drama education. It also seems evident that the book will be used as a steppingstone by many who are studying to become scholars, artists, or educators in the field of drama education.

Artistic Resources of Punctuation in V.V. Nabokov’s Works: from Linguistic to Figurative Sign

The article examines the artistic resources of punctuation marks in V.V. Nabokov’s works. It is known that the writer closely monitored the preservation of the author's punctuation in the translations of his books and left judgments about Flaubert’s punctuation as a significant stylistic feature. The writer's repeated reference to punctuation marks as a source of metaphors allows us to talk about the semantics of signs. The article focuses on the works of Nabokov, created in two languages and belonging to all three modes of literature. The possibility of considering English-language works together with those written in Russian is due to the mutual interference of the principles of punctuation and the very output of the graphic system beyond the purely linguistic level. The article examines the use of ellipsis, dashes, brackets and exclamation marks as elements of a figurative system rather than punctuation (based on syntax). So, the use of ellipsis and less often dashes is stable to indicate the non-verbalized essence of being, the underside of life. Brackets are associated with the sphere of theatricality in a broad sense, they mark the claims of the characters to authorship in their own lives. It is possible to use brackets to separate several narrative streams. There are cases when the inclusion of the meta description of the sign does not agree with the punctuation that forms these fragments. Such cases indicate the unreliability of the narrator. A special phenomenon is the iconic use of punctuation marks, when their semantic parameters are set by a graphic appearance. For example, the ellipsis visually resembles the traces left, and the brackets are a circle. The dash becomes a visible sign of speed, vector of movement or connection, internal kinship. The considered material allows us to see in Nabokov’s punctuation marks units that have their own semantics, relatively stable throughout the author’s work. We stipulate that this position cannot be applied to every use of the punctuation mark. The cases when punctuation marks become elements of the figurative, and not only the linguistic level, are individualized and determined by the broad context of the work.

Chilean Guitar Music: Modern Reconstructions of Genre Traditions

The relevance of the article is to deepen the analytical aspect of knowledge about Chilean guitar music of the second half of the 20th — early 21st centuries in the context of the reconstruction of genre traditions on the example of works by Juan Antonio Sanchez, Gustavo Becerra-Schmidt, Javier Contreras.
 Main objective of the study is to identify the leading genre traditions of Chilean guitar music and reveal their modern reconstructions in the works of famous authors.
 The methodology includes methods of historical, cultural, comparative, phenomenological, as well as structural and functional analysis (for a contextual consideration of the creative activities of composers, the study of genre and stylistic elements of the Chilean traditions of folk music, professional-academic and non-academic origin in their influence on European genre models).
 Results and conclusions. The cultural and historical environment of the formation and development of the Chilean academic guitar repertoire of the second half of the 20th — early 21st centuries is characterized, the links with the performing achievements of domestic virtuosos are determined. The work of composers Juan Antonio Sanchez, Gustavo Becerra-Schmidt, Javier Contreras is considered in the discourse of modern processes of reconstruction of traditions, approbation of innovative methods and techniques of writing of the European avant-garde, use of the resources of American non-academic art. The national genre roots of thematic phenomena have been identified in the process of studying music scores and audio recordings of works, which go back to the primary authentic layers and influence musical vocabulary, creating the foundation of its national identity: Creole cueca, tonada with Iberian origins and hemiole rhythmic archetypes, in particular, in the Sonata for guitar by H. Sanchez; elements of the Araucanian ritual chants of the indigenous Mapuche population in the Fourth Sonata by G. Becerra-Schmidt, as well as the rhythmic formula of the Afro-Brazilian batukada in the finale of the Third Sonata by G. Becerra-Schmidt. It was found that secondary genre and style layers are formed in line with European concert genres: sonatas, concerts, cycles, the compositional and dramatic profile of which changes under the influence of the organic nature of the musical material, its transcultural ethnic ties. Jazz and fusion music-making with elements of the Chilean musical is defined as an equally important genre-style resource. The interferential nature of the inheritance of the authentic cueca tradition through its modern versions created by the legendary Violeta Parra leads to targeted citations, allusions in modern guitar works. Analytically substantiated are the conclusions that thanks to the numerous mosaic carnival contrasts, the abundance of colorful ethno-genre mixtures of Iberian, Indian, African American folklore, to which it is possible to connect the poetics of fusion or experimental percussion techniques of sound production, the originality of the modern Chilean reconstruction of ancient traditions is formed. Such syntheses are due to the internal cultural and historical situation and artistic processes that take place on both sides of the Atlantic.

The staff–student co-design of an online resource for pre-arrival arts and humanities students

Successful induction has been evidenced to strengthen students’ learning, engagement and feelings of belonging. Technology offers opportunities for enhancing the student induction experience, especially pre-arrival, but has been under-utilised. This article provides an evaluation of an online induction learning resource for pre-arrival students in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Warwick in 2019. There will be particular focus on the method of co-designing the resource with a group of current students. The article will demonstrate how online learning resources for pre-arrival students can support successful induction. It argues that co-designing digital student experience resources in collaboration with students aids the development of materials that students find engaging and that co-design has a range of benefits for staff and students who are involved in the process.

The meaning of life after a suicide attempt

IntroductionUnderstanding the meaning of life after a suicide attempt experience provides greater knowledge about the process of resignification, connections and commitment to life, which can be useful in different therapeutic approaches. ObjectiveUnderstand the meaning of life after a suicide attempt. MethodQualitative study with eight Brazilian adults assisted in mental health service. The data were collected in 2018 by semi-strutured interviews and group meetings that used artistic resources to facilitate expression.The Symbolic Interactionism was the theoretical reference used and the data were submitted to thematic analysis. ResultsThree themes were identified: “Searches in the affective, relational and spiritual field” (manifestations of affection, zeal, understanding and welcome and seemed to increase the link and commitment to life, as well as the openness to resignify it); “Life and the constancy of impermanence” (life as an alternation between weakness and strength, crisis and well-being, problems and overcoming); and “Discoveries and relationship with one's own self” (a self previously self-destructive could be resigned as capable of overcoming, resisting and developing resilience). ConclusionsThe study provides important insights to be addressed in clinical practice, in the protocol design, institutional policies, as well as in the training of professionals.

Family Socioeconomic Status and Chinese Adolescents' Academic Achievement in the Arts: The Mediating Role of Family Arts Resources and the Moderating Role of Family Arts Atmosphere.

In the present study, we examined the association between family socioeconomic status (SES) and adolescents’ academic achievement in the arts and the mediating and moderating roles of family process factors, verified family investment model. Chinese adolescents (N = 8,723) in Grade 8 reported characteristics of family SES, family arts resources, and family arts atmosphere, and then completed a standardized test assessing academic achievement in music and visual art. The results showed that family SES significantly predicted adolescents’ level of academic achievement in the arts after controlling for adolescents’ gender and school location. The effect of family SES on adolescents’ academic achievement in the arts was partly mediated by family arts resources, constituting 20.51% of the total predicted effect. In addition, family arts atmosphere moderated the association between family SES and adolescents’ achievement in the arts. Specifically, family SES had a stronger relationship with academic achievement in the arts for adolescent with higher family arts atmosphere than for adolescent with poor family arts atmosphere. Findings in this study expands the field of influence of the family environments and enhance an understanding of the influence mechanisms of family environments on arts learning.

Editor’s Memo

Hello to all! This summer proved again to be challenging, however, hope is everywhere for a brighter fall and winter of 2021. The resilience of our healthcare teams around the country has been incredible. I would like to thank everyone involved in Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension, who over the 20 months, have worked day and night to get the issues out during the pandemic. The guest editors, editorial board, authors and everyone at PHA have been truly phenomenal. Every issue and article published has been outstanding. Thank you and congratulations. All of these issues are state of the art resources that will be the backbone of each topic for years to come.Our current issue is no different. The issue is focused on PH-ILD, a topic that has fascinated our field forever. This issue delves into the pathophysiology, etiology and management of this difficult disease state. Congratulations to all involved in this work which is so timely to our field.In the first article of this issue, Drs. Farbod and Franck Rahaghi introduce the topic discussing the pathogenesis, identification, evaluation, and monitoring of PH-ILD. The authors reveal what is known about the clinical impact of PH in ILD. They move on from there to the actual evaluation and considerations in management of the disease.In the next article, Drs. Denise Gabrielle Sese and Kristin Highland discuss the difficult topic of Connective Tissue Disease, Interstitial Lung Disease, and Pulmonary Hypertension (CTD PH-ILD). They review the differences (both in terms of severity and management) between CTD PH-ILD and PH-ILD. It is a topic that is so important for us all to recognize while caring for these patients.In our third article, Dr. Eileen Harder and Dr. Aaron Waxman take us through the management strategies from the past, present and what we can look forward to in the future for PH-ILD. Discussions of therapies, transplant evaluation and future clinical trials are all discussed in detail.Our PHPN article for this issue discusses the care of the infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and PH. Claire Parker, Natalie Villafranco, Nidhy Varghese and Elise Whalen give us a thorough overview of the comprehensive approach to care with consideration for multiple organ systems and with an interdisciplinary team of experts for these infants.And lastly, but certainly not least, Dr. Jeff Edelman leads an extraordinary round table on the conundrums and controversies in PH-ILD discussing when and how to treat patients. The roundtable included world-class experts discussing their experience, opinions and the published literature on this topic. I would like to thank Drs. Jean Elwing, MD, Anjali Vaidya, MD and Steve Mathai, MD, for this up to date and incredibly important discussion.Thank you to all of the authors, and everyone at PHA and Allen Press who have worked so hard to bring this outstanding issue to all of us.Thank you again for joining us for this issue.

KAZNET: ANALYSIS OF ART COMMUNITIES

The article is devoted to the study of Kazakhstani independent art platforms on the Internet. As the objects of research, the author selected two leading artistic resources of the Kaznet, dedicated to domestic contemporary art - Astral Nomads and Qazart, the analysis of which made it possible to reveal the significance of digital technologies and the virtual world for the modern culture of Kazakhstan. The platforms emerged as a response to problems of material destruction threaten art objects and aspiration for promotion of Kazakhstani contemporary art. In current conditions, we are able to trace the tendency of increasing involvement into virtuality.

A comparative Study of Chinese Traditional Folk Paper-cut Art Desigh and Modern Graphic Design Based on Visual Communication

Paper-cut, as a traditional folk art, has become a treasure of Chinese folk art in its long history of development. Paper-cut gives people artistic enjoyment visually with its unique creative techniques, full composition and vivid and interesting patterns. Methods: Traditional folk paper-cut art records the folk customs of the Chinese nation and embodies the temperament and national style of the Chinese nation. Its unique way of thinking and expression provide unique creative ideas and rich visual art resources for modern graphic design. Chinese folk paper-cut is an organic combination of decoration and practicality. Results: It can not only show the rich and colorful folk life, but also meet the aesthetic needs of a variety of situations. How to combine rich traditional culture and art with graphic design concepts and the spirit of the times to design works with national style, so as to better integrate folk paper-cut art with graphic design, is the pursuit of graphic designers. Conclusion: Based on visual communication design, this paper discusses the comparison and integration between traditional Chinese folk paper-cut art design and modern graphic design.

SEMANTICS OF POEM IN «DIV TICS OF POEM IN «DIVANI LUGATI-T-TURK»

Lyric songs depict how rich is the aesthetic taste of the Turkic peoples and their special love for verbal art for a long period, and the fact that they possessed artistic resources capable of competing with the most agile peoples of their time. Moreover, these songs illustrate the artistic views of the Turks. Pure lyrical experiences, with their novelty, the richness of images, and unique pathos, have always engaged the reader. The poetry of the Turkic peoples is studied as a separate phenomenon in the history of world literature. Mahmud Kashgari’s Divani lugat at-Turk provides extensive information about the foundations of Turkish poetry and its scope. We can see the first paradigms of lyric poetry in the oral poetry of the Turkic peoples in the Divani lugat at-Turk. As a great linguist of his time and an advanced thinker – Kashgari proves each word with its specific expression or a piece of poetry. Each poem in his work is unique regarding its artistic value and semantics. We can see this, especially in these lyrical poems. Even simple episodes in lyrical songs demonstrate the ability of our ancestors to express thoughts beautifully. The lyrical passages in the Divani lugat at-Turk consist of the description of the mistress, the sad moments of the separation of beloved ones, and the poems addressed to his beloved one. The issue of fine art and its location is noteworthy in them. The devices used in them play an essential role as the initial version in the context of the literature of the Turkic peoples. The author cites some examples of such poetic art: tashbih, oxymoron, metaphor, tajnis, repetition, hyperbole (mubalaga), irsali masal, etc. These devices were actively reflected in all types of poetry of the later period. This article discusses the semantics of lyrical poems in the Divani lugat at-Turk and reveals their fine art.

HAK ATAS KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL, HAK MEREK, RAHASIA DAGANG, DAN PELANGGARAN HAK MEREK DAN RAHASIA DAGANG SERTA HAK PATENT (LITERATUR REVIEW ARTIKEL

Indonesia as a developing country that is rich in natural, artistic and cultural resources has a variety of traditional knowledge that requires legal recognition and protection that is able to maintain the ownership of traditional knowledge as the nation's internationally recognized work. Regulations in the case of intellectual property rights, particularly the patent law, aim to provide legal protection for the invention of intellectual works to the inventors and provide economic benefits for the results of their inventions. However, the patent law which adopts IPR in developed countries in its implementation, has not been able to provide recognition and protection to traditional knowledge optimally. This is due to differences in the concept of intellectual property rights that are exclusive, and individuals with traditional knowledge that have traditional, communal and open characteristics. The lack of public understanding of IPRs as well as inadequate mastery of technology and minimal budget are also obstacles to traditional patenting of knowledge. Pemerintah RI mengundangkan UU No.21 Tahun 1961 tentang merek perusahaan dan merek perniagaan ( UU merek 1961 ) untuk menggantikan UU merek kolonial Belanda. UU merek 1961 merupakan undang-undang indonesia pertama di bidang HAKI. Berdasarkan pasal 24, UU No.21 Tahun 1961 , yang berbunyi “ Undang-undang ini dapat disebut undang-undang merek 1961 dan mulai berlaku satu bulan setelah undang-undang ini diundangkan “. Undang-undang tersebut mulai berlaku tanggal 11 November 1961. Penetapan UU merek 1961 dimaksudkan untuk melindungi masyarakat dari barang-barang tiruan/bajakan.

Resource Assessment of Renewable Energy Systems—A Review

The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by the energy transition may lead to trade-offs with other impacts on the environment, society, and economy. One challenge is resource use impacts due to increasing demand for high-tech metals and minerals. A review of the current state of the art resource assessment of energy systems was conducted to identify gaps in research and application. Publications covering complete energy systems and supplying a detailed resource assessment were the focus of the evaluation. Overall, 92 publications were identified and categorized by the type of system covered and the applied abiotic resource assessment methods. A total of 78 out of 92 publications covered sub-systems of renewable energy systems, and nine considered complete energy systems and conducted a detailed resource use assessment. Most of the publications in the group “complete energy system and detailed resource assessment” were found in grey literature. Several different aspects were covered to assess resource use. Thirty publications focused on similar aspects including criticality and supply risks, but technology-specific aspects are rarely assessed in the resource assessment of renewable energy systems. Few publications included sector coupling technologies, and among the publications most relevant to the aim of this paper one third did not conduct an indicator-driven assessment.

Evaluating the efficiency of Korean festival tourism and its determinants on efficiency change: Parametric and non-parametric approaches

Local festivals may leverage local specialties and various historical, cultural, and artistic resources throughout their respective regions to attract tourists, inducing positive economic impacts. In this study, this paper is a first attempt to analyze the relative efficiency of local festival tourism by using parametric and non-parametric approaches with the data from local festivals held in Korea from 2015 to 2018. We also deal with the efficiency determinants of each typology of festivals by employing a truncated regression with double bootstrapping. Results showed that the leading sources of inefficiency were primarily embedded in pure technology inefficiency, while the principal operational drivers posed different effects depending on the typology of festivals. These insights have important practical implications for the local festival organizing committees and operators in Korea and are helpful in developing tailored operational strategies to maximize the efficiency among different typologies of festivals.

Echo from the underground: the heritage customization of subway infrastructures in Shanghai\u2019s listed areas

The design of metro stations constitutes a clear example of the new core role of culture in a city such as Shanghai that remains to be assessed from a critical heritage perspective. As an unexplored dimension of a massive heritage institutional apparatus, metro stations act as ‘white canvases’ where commercial, political and cultural messages are displayed. These messages contribute to city branding while simultaneously influencing the perception and interpretation of the historic urban landscape above ground. This research offers insights into the subway stations located in the listed heritage areas of Shanghai and the architectural, artistic and exhibitive resources that ‘give character’ to these stations. The research applies visual methods and discursive analysis based on direct observation of these ‘characteristic’ elements in metro stations. The paper establishes the argument that the amount and distribution of these characteristic elements in the metro network offers unequal representation of the importance of the heritage areas above. When represented, we argue that such features convey renewed narratives of urban identity according to an authorised heritage discourse in Shanghai. These narratives cater to an image of ideal, harmonious continuity between the past and the future that aims to characterise Shanghai as a Chinese global metropolis.

Research on the Integration of College Art Teaching and Folk Art Resources

With the continuous progress of society, the requirements for talents are getting higher and higher. As an important place for talent export, Chinese universities have attracted much attention from all walks of life. The Chinese art courses in colleges and universities are set up to promote traditional Chinese culture and cultivate innovative talents. Folk art resources are worth learning from in art teaching, and it is necessary to combine art teaching in colleges and universities with folk art resources to create a second creation of folk art resources. The excellent artistic elements appearing in the folk resources enable students to design artworks that conform to the current public’s aesthetics while learning Chinese traditional culture, and the teaching courses of colleges and universities can therefore be improved. However, there are still problems to be solved in the inheritance of folk art in art courses in colleges and universities today. Some colleges and universities are far from adequate in setting courses, some teachers do not pay attention to folk art, and students do not have a comprehensive understanding of folk art, etc. This article proposes measures to integrate art teaching and folk art resources in colleges and universities.

Многоязычие в детском возрасте: взгляды родителей и размышления педагогов

The questions of superdiversity, multiple identities and practices, language policy, multilingualism, plurilingualism, intercultural, minority and immigrants’ education in the pre-primary and primary classrooms are crucial for the current situation of the Russian language abroad. Teachers have to take into account linguistic and artistic resources and deploy special methodological repertoires. The aim of the present research is to show what main themes the parents and teachers of young multi-lingual children discuss and how to overcome difficulties in organizing multilingual education. Parents and teachers in four countries (Finland, France, Germany, Russia) answered the questionnaires about their attitudes towards bi-lingual education of pre-primary and primary children. In addition, the Internet discussions on the international platforms in the Russian language were analyzed. Participants characterized their experience, their family policy and the educational institutions that their children attend. Existing practices show that the variety of approaches to early bilingual education is limited through material and human resources and the children’s potential. The best results demand more input, devoted parents and educators, more money, strict rules of language use, and a true continuity of bilingualism as a goal in all steps of child development. The different effects of various approaches to education may lie, not only in the language itself, but also in its political and economic power and the cognitive effects of an early start.

Art boxes supporting parents and infants to share creative interactions at home: an art-based response to improve well-being during COVID-19 restrictions

ObjectivesThis article seeks to demonstrate the impact of distributing boxes of art resources and guided activities for vulnerable parents and infants to do together at home. Study designDesigned in conjunction with the local arts centre and the psychology team at the University of Dundee, the art boxes were a response to planned face-to-face art interventions with families being cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions. The aim of the art boxes is to encourage parents to make art together with their infants, fostering connection through playful, creative shared experiences. This research is currently being expanded to reach out to new families through referrals from health visitors, family nurses, and charity partners. MethodsData is being collected on how the art boxes are experienced by families using a mixed-methods approach. Families complete feedback cards (online, or using the stamped addressed card included in the box) rating their experience on quantitative scales and providing open comments. Visual data are gathered through parents sharing images with us on social media. An initial sample of 10 participants has been interviewed using semistructured interviews, allowing more in-depth qualitative understanding of their experiences. These preliminary findings are discussed here. ResultsThe thematic analysis of initial interviews provided a rich picture of the disconnection families experienced during lockdown, why art boxes may be beneficial to parental well-being, and the mechanisms by which the boxes may help to develop connections for the parent and infant together. ConclusionsPreliminary findings show parents reporting feeling more confident and undertaking new activities which they plan to continue. This was of particular importance during lockdown where parents report opportunities for different experiences being more limited. Parent’s describe positive playful interactions and reported improvements to their own well-being from doing creative activities together with their child. Analysis of these initial interviews gives a framework of barriers and supports to connection which highlights how art boxes can facilitate connectedness between dyads with the potential to strengthen attachments.

Sadness, Gender and Empathy

This paper is focused on private tomb scenes with mourners dated to the end of the 18th Dynasty located in the Egyptian Memphite necropolis, with a special interest on the artistic resources and the clear division of groups according to the gender of mourners, as mourning men in expressive attitudes are particularly rare in ancient Egyptian scenes. The presence of men in grief, together with the traditional female mourners, within the funerary procession is striking, portraying expressive poses which provoke feeling of empathy and sorrow in the beholder. Indeed, the expressions of feelings in mourning scenes and their diverse artistic treatment in Memphite tomb decoration reveals the innovation and originality of the artists, features that could be traced back to the reign of Akhenaten. This paper explores the complex process of creation of the funerary iconography of the Post-Amarna art, a period of religious, political and social changes which were mirrored in private tomb scenes.