Article Reviews Research Articles

A history of the community mental health movement and individuals with serious mental illness: A vision for the future.

The history of the development of the Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice was founded on understanding the social determinants of mental health and society and the necessity for multiple disciplines to organize advocacy for human rights and social justice. This led way to a wide cross-section of disciplines working together to engage at the policy level, in legislation, and within community settings as the Community Mental Health Movement developed and made a path for the reformation of many forms within the mental health field. This article reviews some of that interesting history and the importance of understanding those fundamental roots as we also look at the future for what is next in advocacy, social justice action, and policy directions for advancing the lives of those with serious mental illness, who face some of the most oppressive forms of marginalization and rejection of human rights and citizenship. This article will outline social justice action agendas for the organization and diverse collaborative fields to pursue as we embark upon the future and envision the full rights of citizenship for those with serious mental illness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Selection of parenteral iron supplement for iron deficiency anemia: A review

The article reviews medicinal products for the treatment of iron deficiency conditions and iron deficiency anemia, the prevalence of which is about 30% among the world population. Iron deficiency is a significant cause of anemia, which can lead to hospitalization and even death. In case of intolerance or ineffectiveness of oral formulations of iron supplements, if it is necessary to replenish the iron level quickly, trivalent iron formulations for intravenous administration are used. These supplements are iron complexes with an iron hydroxide core surrounded by a carbohydrate shell. Iron formulations for intravenous administration can be divided into drugs of the "old" and "new" generation. One of the most studied and popular representatives of the "new" generation is iron carboxymaltose (ICM). The results of clinical studies showed that ICM better and faster increases hemoglobin concentration and replenishes iron stores in patients compared to the "old" generation formulations and also has a more favorable safety profile. Large doses of ICM can be administered in a short time, saving resources and increasing patient satisfaction. The injection of large doses of iron with a small number of infusions in the case of ICM is more economically beneficial for all departments of medical institutions, as it significantly reduces the total cost of medical care. Intravenous iron plays an essential role in the perioperative treatment of iron deficiency anemia, especially in elective surgery. Currently, there is a reliable evidence base confirming the efficacy and safety of intravenous iron formulations in chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, heart failure, gynecological and obstetric diseases, and cancer.

Human Rights and Military Health: A Review of Violations of International Criminal Law in Armed Conflict

Human Rights (HAM) are rights inherent in every individual, including in the context of military health in the midst of armed conflict. This article reviews violations of International Criminal Law (HPI) that occur in conflict situations, such as murder, torture and forced labor. Protection of human rights in the midst of armed conflict is important, especially regarding access to adequate health services and freedom from treatment that violates human rights. Serious efforts are needed to ensure that military health does not violate human rights principles, so that the world community can maintain their dignity and human rights, even in the midst of conflict-ridden situations

Use of Phage Display and Other Molecular Display Methods for the Development of Monobodies.

Synthetic binding proteins are human-made binding proteins that use non-antibody proteins as the starting scaffold. Molecular display technologies, such as phage display, enable the construction of large combinatorial libraries and their efficient sorting and, thus, are crucial for the development of synthetic binding proteins. Monobodies are the founding system of a set of synthetic binding proteins based on the fibronectin type III (FN3) domain. Since the original report in 1998, the monobody and related FN3-based systems have steadily been refined, and current methods are capable of rapidly generating potent and selective binding molecules to even challenging targets. The FN3 domain is small (∼90 amino acids) and autonomous and is structurally similar to the conventional immunoglobulin (Ig) domain. Unlike the Ig domain, however, the FN3 lacks a disulfide bond but is highly stable. These attributes of FN3 present unique opportunities and challenges in the design of phage and other display systems, combinatorial libraries, and library sorting strategies. This article reviews key technological innovations in the establishment of our monobody development pipeline, with an emphasis on phage display methodology. These give insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying molecular display technologies and protein-protein interactions, which should be broadly applicable to diverse systems intended for generating high-performance binding proteins.

The Most Cited Law Review Articles: The Critical Analysis & Future Scope

The Most Cited Law Review Articles: The Critical Analysis & Future Scope

A current study of psychological well-being in educational institutions: A systematic literature review

The issue of psychological well-being in education has emerged as an increasingly critical topic in recent years. This is due to the significance of psychological well-being in enhancing the performance of e ducational institutions, encompassing students, teachers, and the process of formulating school policies. This study sought to discover recent research on psychological well-being from an academic perspective. A total of 27 research articles were successfully gathered and reviewed based on the established criteria. This article review was conducted utilizing two databases (SCOPUS and WoS) and the following keywords: "psychological well-being" combined with "AND" and other search terms such as "school", "teacher", and "student". This systematic review offers a synthesis of results that can serve as the initial step in developing constructs of psychological well-being in educational institutions, thus implying the importance of psychological well-being for teachers and students. The results of the analysis from this systematic literature review have been discussed and concluded in this study.

Breast milk reduced umbilical cord separation and bacterial colonization: Article Review.

Breast milk reduced umbilical cord separation and bacterial colonization: Article Review.

Сахар, мины, торпеды: тернистый путь «Гидроприбора»

This article reviews A.E. Shapovalova’s monograph Mine Sugar: From a Sugar Refinery to the Production of Marine Underwater Weapons, which for the first time investigates the history of industrial enterprises that existed in St. Petersburg on the territory now occupied by JSC Concern Sea Underwater Weapon Gidropribor. The monograph is based on a solid body of sources and makes a significant contribution to the study of the industrial history of St. Petersburg and its military-industrial complex. The topics raised by the author can be considered as potential subjects for thesis research.

Coding Visits to Treat Overweight and Obesity

This article reviews examples of office and other outpatient evaluation and management (E/M) services for treatment of overweight and obesity, including the following.: Time-based code selection Code selection based on medical decision-making (MDM)

Stigma in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review of Current Concepts, Measures, and Findings.

Stigma is an undesired differentness associated with a particular characteristic or condition that distinguishes a person as being outside the norm and cueing stereotypes. Stigma is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with several disease variables including disease duration, age, age of onset, and disease course. Stigma is also associated with psychological and psychosocial variables such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life. This article reviews our current understanding of stigma in people with MS with a focus on the various stigma types including anticipated, experienced, and internalized stigma, and the lack of consistent definitions across studies. It also describes the 7 instruments that are most commonly used to measure stigma in people with MS, and the limitations of each measure. We conclude that a better understanding of stigma that includes standard definitions of stigma types could lead to more direct intervention strategies aimed at reducing particular stigma concepts and resulting in improved health-related quality of life in people with MS.

IEEE CEM: Call for Research and Review Articles

IEEE CEM: Call for Research and Review Articles

Early childhood caries among pre-school children in rural areas

Background: Early childhood caries can occur and exist among children in slums areas, rural areas and under-served communities. Africa has countries with rural areas inhabited by diverse ethnic populations of pre-school children, with their parents and family members. Method: An electronic literature search in Science direct and PubMed was done in January, 2024 using the Population, Concept and Context framework. Search terms and keywords were combined by Boolean operators. Two independent investigators screened titles and abstracts of publications on early childhood caries among pre-school children in rural areas. The inclusion criteria was original (primary) research articles with accessible full text, related to early childhood caries among pre-school children in rural areas, carried out in Africa, published in English and in electronic databases. Original research articles related to early childhood caries among pre-school children in urban, semi-urban or sub-urban areas, hospital based studies, studies with participants selected from rural and urban or rural and semi-urban communities, review articles, systematic reviews, thesis or dissertations were excluded during screening. Results: Three articles with accessible full texts were included as it was assessed to meet the aim of the review. The study designs of the included studies were cross-sectional study, randomized, controlled field trial and a case-control study respectively. The studies were carried out in rural areas of Uganda and Egypt respectively. Conclusion: Early childhood caries has multifactorial aetiology. More studies from diverse ethnic population in Africa countries will fill the gaps in knowledge and add to the existing literature.

Exploring the State of Cancer Imaging Research in Africa

IntroductionThe growing cancer burden in Africa demands urgent action. Medical imaging is crucial for cancer diagnosis and management and is an essential enabler of precision medicine. To understand the readiness for quantitative imaging analysis to support cancer management in Africa, we analyzed the utilization patterns of imaging modalities for cancer research across the continent. MethodsWe retrieved articles by systematically searching PubMed, using a combination of search terms {“Neoplasm”}AND {“Radiology” or “Diagnostic imaging” or “Radiography” or “Interventional Radiology” or “Radiotherapy” or “Radiation Oncology”} AND {Africa* or 54 African countries}. Articles describing cancer diagnosis or management in humans with the utilization of imaging were included. Exclusion criteria were: review articles, non-English articles, publications before 2000, non-cancer diagnoses, and studies conducted outside Africa. ResultsThe analysis of diagnostic imaging in Africa revealed a diverse utilization pattern across different cancer types and regions. The literature search identified 107 publications on cancer imaging in Africa. The studies were carried out in 19 African countries on 12 different cancer types with 6 imaging modalities identified. Most cancer imaging research studies utilized multiple imaging modalities. Ultrasound was the most used distinct imaging modality and MRI was the least frequently used. Most research studies originated from Nigeria, South Africa and Egypt. ConclusionWe demonstrate substantial variability in the presence of imaging modalities, widespread utilization of ultrasonography and limited availability of advanced imaging modalities for cancer research.

Prior Patellectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing Cruciate-Retaining and Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty Survivorship and Reported Outcomes

IntroductionIn the setting of total knee arthroplasty, prior patellectomy historically prompted the use of increased constraint implants, specifically posterior-stabilized (PS) designs. However, modern case series have reported similar outcomes utilizing cruciate-retaining (CR) implants. The primary outcome of this study was to compare implant retention rates between these two implant designs in prior patellectomy patients. Secondary outcomes included a comparison of patient-reported outcome scores and cause for revision. MethodsA comprehensive systematic review was performed using Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Boolean operator search terms included “patellectomy AND (arthroplasty) OR (replacement).” Case reports, review articles, < 2 years of follow-up, and studies in which the implant design could not be ascertained were excluded. An initial screening of titles and abstracts for inclusion was performed, followed by a full manuscript review of eligible articles. Single-data extraction was performed, followed by subsequent statistical analysis. ResultsA total of 9 studies (209 knees) met the inclusion criteria. The average time from patellectomy to TKA was 16.1 years. While all patients had significant improvement in functional outcomes, CR implants displayed proportionally greater improvement in Knee Society Scores compared to PS implants (+108 versus +98%, P = < 0.001). However, there was a significantly greater rate of revision in the CR cohort compared to PS (18.6 versus 2.6%, P = 0.002). ConclusionsPrior patellectomy patients undergoing TKA have significant improvements in patient-reported functional outcomes and high mid-term retention rates. While CR implant designs portend a potentially greater improvement in functional outcomes, they also have a greater risk for revision than their PS implant counterparts. However, contemporary implant designs and operative techniques likely render revision rates equivocal between CR and PS implants in post-patellectomy patients.

Are We Screening the Wrong Person?: A Scoping Review on Screening Men for Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence [ID 2683612

INTRODUCTION: The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) currently does not recommend screening men for perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) because of a lack of evidence. Screening women for victimization of IPV has demonstrated limited effectiveness; screening potential perpetrators may be a more useful strategy for the identification and prevention of IPV. The objective of this study is to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to recommend screening men for perpetration of IPV. METHODS: We performed a scoping review to identify studies that screen for male perpetration of IPV. We included peer-reviewed, full-text English-language studies that screened men for perpetration of IPV or evaluated an IPV screening tool. Review articles, meta-analysis papers, and studies that only screened women were excluded. RESULTS: Of the 834 studies reviewed, the primary objective of 12.1% of studies was determining the prevalence of male perpetration of IPV. The most commonly used screening tools for IPV were the Conflict Tactic Scale (CTS) (23.1%) or CTS-2 (29.0%). The 10th to 90th percentile of reported physical IPV perpetration ranged from 8.10% to 44.40% with a median of 21.80%. CONCLUSION: There is an abundance of studies examining male perpetration of IPV, and most use the CTS or CTS-2. These studies indicate that it is feasible to assess men for perpetration of IPV; however, the length of the available questionnaires is prohibitive toward use in a medical setting. We recommend a shorter version of the CTS-2 be developed and validated for use in clinical settings.

Implementation of Stunting Prevention Program in Indonesia: Literature Review

Introduction: The health problem of stunting is still a crucial problem in various regions of the world. The reduction of stunting is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target where in 2030 the expected target is 89 million people, but in fact, there is no maximum progress in achieving the World Health Assembly (WHA) global nutrition target in 2025. Various studies have been conducted out there that provide comprehensive facts related to various kinds of programs or methods in reducing the prevalence of stunting that can be taken into consideration by the government in making new policies related to stunting prevention. Objective: This study aims to identify the various implementations of stunting prevention interventions in Indonesia. Method: The research method uses a scoping review with the PRISMA approach. Literature research through three databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles published from 2017 to 2023, articles that had free access and full text, research locations in Indonesia, and not systematic review and/or meta-analysis articles. Result: The search results obtained 13 final articles that discuss variations in interventions in stunting prevention. The results of the review of 13 articles found that effective prevention of stunting can be done by various methods, such as providing education, counseling, therapeutic group therapy, practical demonstrations, and home visits through professional collaboration between health workers and health cadres to pregnant women and mothers with children less than five years old, as well as premarital education classes for prospective couples. Conclusion: Implementation of effective stunting prevention interventions should be multisectoral and include family planning, premarital couples, and women with early pregnancies as the main target focus for stunting prevention.

What is an appropriate investment hurdle rate for commercial space resource development projects?

This article sets out to identify an appropriate hurdle rate range for commercial space resource development projects, should such an industry eventuate. There has been little consistency in the use of hurdle rates and discount rates in the evaluation of space resource projects proposed to date. The article uses two approaches to determine an appropriate hurdle rate for the economic evaluation of such projects. Firstly, the article reviews hurdle rate usage in three industries with parallels to a potential space resource industry – the mining industry, the oil & gas industry, and the aerospace industry. The venture capital sector is also considered. The article finds that there is limited direct reference to the hurdle rates used in these industries and therefore uses expected project IRR and corporate Cashflow Return on Investment (CFROI) as proxies to quantify hurdle rates in each industry. Secondly, the article develops a Risk Build Up Method (RBUM) to determine appropriate hurdle rates for hypothetical commercial space resource development projects by quantifying the potential commercial risk to which such projects could be exposed. The RBUM process correlates a commercial risk score quantified on a project by project basis with a hurdle rate risk premium scale to determine an appropriate hurdle rate for such projects. Finally, the article discusses discount rate treatment in the analogue industries, with a view to proposing a consistent approach to the use of discount rates in a potential space resources industry. The article finds that hurdle rates in the range of 25% could be appropriate for potential commercial space resource development projects, depending on the perceived risk of the project, and assuming a suitable legal/regulatory regime is in place. This hurdle rate range and the RBUM process could evolve over time should such an industry eventuate and ultimately mature. The article also proposes that a ‘standard’ industry discount rate of 10% be utilised in order to facilitate the comparison of project to project valuations, based on the discount rate convention for reporting requirements in the US oil & gas industry.

Connecting Coding and Clinical Practice Guidelines: Obesity

This article reviews coding for obesity-related services, including appropriate diagnosis and procedure codes for the following services: Preventive screening services Preventive counseling services Evaluation and management (E/M) services to treat obesity Behavioral health services Pediatric bariatric surgery

Materializing the public sphere in American religious history

AbstractThis article reviews scholarship in American religious history around the concept of the public sphere. Considering that the public sphere was readily aligned with the productions of the printing press, ‘materializing’ surveys works that have relied upon, expanded, and critiqued print's centraility to early American religious public culture. Recent attention to materiality has also encouraged greater attention to contingencies, locality of circulation, and specificity of audiences in our studies of public texts that would trouble technological determinisms that readily aligned Protestant ascendance, secular modernity, and print publishing with democratization. The essay concludes with new questions regarding print culture, calls for greater multimedia approaches to our study of media objects, and posits the importance of critically evaluating what we count as public or private in our historical narratives about religious communities.

Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Autistic People Across the Lifespan.

Occupational therapy practitioners need evidence to support interventions that promote subjective well-being among autistic people and their families through optimal engagement and participation in occupations. These Practice Guidelines are informed by systematic reviews to expand knowledge of interventions that promote access, inclusion, engagement, and optimal participation in occupations that are meaningful to autistic people. Our intent was to foster occupational therapy practitioners' clinical decision-making and reasoning when working with autistic people and their care partners. These Practice Guidelines were developed on the basis of four systematic reviews, supporting evidence and literature, along with continued revisions and integration through an iterative and collaborative process. A total of 98 articles were included in the systematic reviews, which are the foundation for practice recommendations in these guidelines. Forty-eight of the systematic review articles were used to inform the clinical recommendations included in these Practice Guidelines. Strong to moderate evidence indicates the need for multidisciplinary, goal-oriented interventions to support autistic people in different contexts. Although there is only emerging evidence in the inclusion of autistic people's strengths, interests, and perspectives to guide occupational therapy interventions, such practices can enhance the delivery of neurodiversity-affirming and trauma-informed practices. In addition, evidence is needed to support participation in activities of daily living (ADLs) for autistic youths. We recommend the use of strengths-based language to describe autistic people and the use of environmental adaptations, care partner education, and coaching to enhance occupational therapy service delivery. Plain-Language Summary: The literature is sparse regarding neurodiversity-affirming and trauma-informed practices for autistic youths, as well as for participation in activities of daily living (ADLs). These Practice Guidelines provide new information on positive mental health development; self-determination; ADLs, instrumental ADLs, play, and leisure occupations for children, adolescents, and adults; person-centered planning for adolescents and adults; and rest and sleep. Information on health management is also provided. Positionality Statement: This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel etal., 2021; Kenny etal., 2016). However, we respect the use of person-first language and have made a conscious decision to include research articles that have used this language.