Article DOI Research Articles

Evidence for enhanced neutron-proton correlations from the level structure of the N=Z+1 nucleus Tc444387

The low-lying excited states in the neutron-deficient N=Z+1 nucleus Tc444387 have been studied via the fusion-evaporation reaction Fe54(Ar36, 2n1p)Tc87 at the Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), France. The AGATA spectrometer was used in conjunction with the auxiliary NEDA, Neutron Wall, and DIAMANT detector arrays to measure coincident prompt γ rays, neutrons, and charged particles emitted in the reaction. A level scheme of Tc87 from the (9/2g.s.+) state to the (33/21+) state was established based on six mutually coincident γ-ray transitions. The constructed level structure exhibits a rotational behavior with a sharp backbending at ℏω≈0.50 MeV. A decrease in alignment frequency and increase in alignment sharpness in the odd-mass isotonic chains around N=44 is proposed as an effect of the enhanced isoscalar neutron-proton interactions in odd-mass nuclei when approaching the N=Z line.Received 16 April 2021Revised 5 July 2021Accepted 9 August 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.104.L021302Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by Bibsam.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasEnergy levels & level densitiesNuclear structure & decaysNuclear Physics

Emergent 1/3 magnetization plateaus in pyroxene CoGeO3

Despite the absence of an apparent triangular pattern in the crystal structure, we observe unusually well-pronounced 1/3 magnetization plateaus in the quasi-one-dimensional Ising spin chain compound CoGeO3 which belongs to the class of pyroxene minerals. We succeeded in uncovering the detailed microscopic spin structure of the 1/3 magnetization plateau phase by means of neutron diffraction. We observed changes of the initial antiferromagnetic zero-field spin structure that resemble a regular formation of antiferromagnetic “domain wall boundaries,” resulting in a kind of modulated magnetic structure with a 1/3-integer propagation vector. The net ferromagnetic moment emerges at these “domain walls” whereas two thirds of all antiferromagnetic chain alignments can be still preserved. We propose a microscopic model on the basis of an anisotropic frustrated square lattice to explain the observations.Received 2 April 2021Revised 28 June 2021Accepted 19 July 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L032037Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasAntiferromagnetismDielectric propertiesDomain wallsFerrimagnetismFerromagnetismFrustrated magnetismMagnetic anisotropyMagnetic phase transitionsMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetization switchingSpintronicsTechniquesMagnetization measurementsNeutron scatteringSpin chainsCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Tailored high-contrast attosecond electron pulses for coherent excitation and scattering

Temporally shaping the density of electron beams using light forms the basis for a wide range of established and emerging technologies, including free-electron lasers and attosecond electron microscopy. The modulation depth of compressed electron pulses is a key figure of merit limiting applications. In this work, we present an approach for generating background-free attosecond electron pulse trains by sequential inelastic electron-light scattering. Harnessing quantum interference in the fractional Talbot effect, we suppress unwanted background density in electron compression by several orders of magnitude. Our results will greatly enhance applications of coherent electron-light scattering, such as stimulated cathodoluminescence and streaking.Received 19 March 2021Accepted 7 June 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.L032036Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum coherence & coherence measuresQuantum controlQuantum-to-classical transitionUltrafast phenomenaPhysical SystemsRadiation from moving chargesAccelerators & BeamsGeneral PhysicsParticles & FieldsCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Health of migrant worker during covid-19 pandemic- some insights

Health of migrant worker during covid-19 pandemic- some insights - JCHM- Print ISSN No: - 2394-272X Online ISSN No:- 2394-2738 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.jchm.2021.014, The Journal of Community Health Management-J Community Health Manag

A Classification Model Based on Machine Learning for Detecting Racist Comments on Social Media Platforms

Racial conflicts have become even more prevalent than before. As a result, social media companies are continuously being slammed for their inadequate response to the problem caused by racial discrimination. For example, the year 2020 witnessed a worldwide movement calling for racial equality and justice. The movement began after an African American male was suffocated and murdered by an NYPD police officer. Since then, there has been significant research efforts focusing on social media and the role it has played in amplifying racism. Similarly, the government of the United Kingdom have threatened to make social media companies legally accountable for the racist content on their platform after the witnessed increase of racist abuse on footballers in 2021. English football clubs have also threatened a boycott of social media in a bid to eradicate online hate. To solve this problem, we will track down past events and social media trends which are likely to have triggered racist reactions and retrieve annotated comments from public social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube and TikTok. We will create an unbiased dataset of racist comments across social media platforms. We will be building a classification model using machine learning to detect racist comments on social media platforms. We propose a machine learning model for the automatic detection of racist comment across social media platforms. The results we obtained from our research shows that the support vector machine-trained model performs the best with an accuracy of 88.19%. The models proposed in this research outperformed most of the pre-existing models for the same task. Keywords: Race, Racism, Cyberbully, Hate Speech, Support Vector Machine, Confusion Matrix Journal Reference Format: Allenotor, D. & Oyemade, D. A. (2021): A Classification Model Based on Machine Learning for Detecting Racist Comments on Social Media Platforms Journal of Behavioural Informatics, Digital Humanities and Development Research. Vol. 7.No. 1, Pp 121-136. ICT University USA Endowed Research Series Publication in collaboration with SMART-Africa. Available online at https://www.isteams.net.behavioraljournal. Article DOI No - dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/BHI/V7N1P9

Quantum coherence as a signature of chaos

We establish a rigorous connection between quantum coherence and quantum chaos by employing coherence measures originating from the resource theory framework as a diagnostic tool for quantum chaos. We quantify this connection at two different levels: quantum states and quantum channels. At the level of states, we show how several well-studied quantifiers of chaos are, in fact, quantum coherence measures in disguise (or closely related to them). We further this connection for all quantum coherence measures by using tools from majorization theory. Then we numerically study the coherence of chaotic-versus-integrable eigenstates and find excellent agreement with random matrix theory in the bulk of the spectrum. At the level of channels, we show that the coherence-generating power (CGP)—a measure of how much coherence a dynamical process generates on average—emerges as a subpart of the out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC), a measure of information scrambling in many-body systems. Via numerical simulations of the (nonintegrable) transverse-field Ising model, we show that the OTOC and CGP capture quantum recurrences in quantitatively the same way. Moreover, using random matrix theory, we analytically characterize the OTOC-CGP connection for the Haar and Gaussian ensembles. In closing, we remark on how our coherence-based signatures of chaos relate to other diagnostics, namely, the Loschmidt echo, OTOC, and the Spectral Form Factor.Received 3 November 2020Accepted 17 May 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023214Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum chaosQuantum coherence & coherence measuresQuantum entanglementQuantum information processingPhysical SystemsLattice models in statistical physicsTechniquesRandom matrix theoryStatistical PhysicsQuantum InformationCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Post COVID-19: What is role of iron and iron chelating agents?

Post COVID-19: What is role of iron and iron chelating agents? - IJCEO- Print ISSN No: - 2395-1443 Online ISSN No:- 2395-1451 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijceo.2021.052, Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology-Indian J Clin Exp Ophthalmol

Front Cover

PROTEOMICSVolume 21, Issue 11-12 2170081 FRONT COVERFree Access Front Cover First published: 11 June 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.202170081AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Graphical Abstract Cover Image © Wiley-VCH GmbH. The image is part of a figure in the article DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900203 by Lei Li, Yong Jiang et al. Volume21, Issue11-12June 20212170081 RelatedInformation

Twisted Boundary Condition and Lieb-Schultz-Mattis Ingappability for Discrete Symmetries

We discuss quantum many-body systems with lattice translation and discrete on-site symmetries. We point out that, under a boundary condition twisted by a symmetry operation, there is an exact degeneracy of ground states if the unit cell forms a projective representation of the on-site discrete symmetry. Based on the quantum transfer matrix formalism, we show that, if the system is gapped, the ground-state degeneracy under the twisted boundary condition also implies a ground-state (quasi)degeneracy under the periodic boundary conditions. This gives a compelling evidence for the recently proposed Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-type ingappability due to the on-site discrete symmetry in two and higher dimensions.

Optimal navigation strategies for microswimmers on curved manifolds

Finding the fastest path to a desired destination is a vitally important task for microorganisms moving in a fluid flow. We study this problem by building an analytical formalism for overdamped microswimmers on curved manifolds and arbitrary flows. We show that the solution corresponds to the geodesics of a Randers metric, which is an asymmetric Finsler metric that reflects the irreversible character of the problem. Using the examples of spherical and toroidal surfaces, we demonstrate that the swimmer performance that follows this “Randers policy” always beats a more direct policy. Moreover, our results show that the relative gain grows significantly when specific structures related to either the geometry or the flow are exploited by the swimmer. A study of the shape of isochrones reveals features such as self-intersections, cusps, and abrupt nonlinear effects. Our work provides a link between microswimmer physics and geodesics in generalizations of general relativity.Received 15 October 2020Revised 2 February 2021Accepted 29 April 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023125Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasSwimmingPhysical SystemsActive matterMicroswimmersTechniquesGeometryBiological Physics

COVID-19 pandemic: Continuum of adjustments and reorganizations justified

COVID-19 pandemic: Continuum of adjustments and reorganizations justified - JSAS- Print ISSN No: - Online ISSN No:- 2582-6387 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.jsas.2021.005, IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences-IP J Surg Allied Sci

To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in out-patient department of a mutli-specialty hospital in Mumbai using malnutrition universal screening tool assessment score

To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in out-patient department of a multi-specialty hospital in Mumbai using malnutrition universal screening tool assessment score - IJNMHS- Print ISSN No: - 2582-6301 Online ISSN No:- 2582-628X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.005, IP Jour

A study to assess the knowledge and practice related to maintenance of cold chain among health workers in selected health centre at, Lucknow, U.P

A study to assess the knowledge and practice related to maintenance of cold chain among health workers in selected health centre at, Lucknow, U.P - IJNMHS- Print ISSN No: - 2582-6301 Online ISSN No:- 2582-628X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.002, IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science-J Nutr Met

Fad diets on metabolic syndrome among sedentary women— A systemic review

Fad diets on metabolic syndrome among sedentary women— A systemic review - IJNMHS- Print ISSN No: - 2582-6301 Online ISSN No:- 2582-628X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.006, IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science-J Nutr Metab Health Sci

Assessment of the use of low-calorie sweeteners amongst Indian population and their awareness about their adverse effects

Assessment of the use of low-calorie sweeteners amongst Indian population and their awareness about their adverse effects - IJNMHS- Print ISSN No: - 2582-6301 Online ISSN No:- 2582-628X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.003, IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science-J Nutr Metab Health Sci

What I learned as an administrator, teacher and, a practicing surgeon during the Covid 19 pandemic

What I learned as an administrator, teacher and, a practicing surgeon during the Covid 19 pandemic - JSAS- Print ISSN No: - Online ISSN No:- 2582-6387 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.jsas.2021.003, IP Journal of Surgery and Allied Sciences-IP J Surg Allied Sci

Obesity, its affecting factors and dietary approaches

Obesity, its affecting factors and dietary approaches - IJNMHS- Print ISSN No: - 2582-6301 Online ISSN No:- 2582-628X Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.001, IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science-J Nutr Metab Health Sci

ΛK femtoscopy in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

The first measurements of the scattering parameters of ΛK pairs in all three charge combinations (ΛK+, ΛK−, and ΛKS0) are presented. The results are achieved through a femtoscopic analysis of ΛK correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV recorded by ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider. The femtoscopic correlations result from strong final-state interactions and are fit with a parametrization allowing for both the characterization of the pair emission source and the measurement of the scattering parameters for the particle pairs. Extensive studies with the THERMINATOR 2 event generator provide a good description of the nonfemtoscopic background, which results mainly from collective effects, with unprecedented precision. Furthermore, together with HIJING simulations, this model is used to account for contributions from residual correlations induced by feed-down from particle decays. The extracted scattering parameters indicate that the strong force is repulsive in the ΛK+ interaction and attractive in the ΛK− interaction. The data hint that the ΛKS0 interaction is attractive; however, the uncertainty of the result does not permit such a decisive conclusion. The results suggest an effect arising either from different quark-antiquark interactions between the pairs (ss¯ in ΛK+ and uu¯ in ΛK−) or from different net strangeness for each system (S=0 for ΛK+, and S=−2 for ΛK−). Finally, the ΛK systems exhibit source radii larger than expected from extrapolation from identical particle femtoscopic studies. This effect is interpreted as resulting from the separation in space-time of the single-particle Λ and K source distributions.3 MoreReceived 5 June 2020Accepted 30 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.103.055201Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.©2021 CERN, for the ALICE CollaborationPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasParticle & resonance productionParticle correlations & fluctuationsParticle interactionsRelativistic heavy-ion collisionsNuclear Physics

Gaussian continuous tensor network states for simple bosonic field theories

Tensor networks states allow one to find the low-energy states of local lattice Hamiltonians through variational optimization. Recently, a construction of such states in the continuum was put forward, providing a first step towards the goal of solving quantum field theories (QFTs) variationally. However, the proposed manifold of continuous tensor network states (CTNSs) is difficult to study in full generality, because the expectation values of local observables cannot be computed analytically. In this paper we study a tractable subclass of CTNSs, the Gaussian CTNSs (GCTNSs), and benchmark them on simple quadratic and quartic bosonic QFT Hamiltonians. We show that GCTNSs provide arbitrarily accurate approximations to the ground states of quadratic Hamiltonians and decent estimates for quartic ones at weak coupling. Since they capture the short distance behavior of the theories we consider exactly, GCTNSs even allow one to renormalize away simple divergences variationally. In the end our study makes it plausible that CTNSs are indeed a good manifold to approximate the low-energy states of QFTs.Received 18 December 2020Accepted 9 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023059Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum field theory (low energy)TechniquesTensor network methodsVariational approachQuantum Information

Real-time observation of ultrafast molecular rotation in weakly bound dimers

The fragmentation dynamics of dicationic dimers of acetylene molecules initiated upon strong-field laser ionization is studied. Time-resolved pump-probe experiments with femtosecond laser pulses, accompanied by ab initio dynamical calculations, allow us to evaluate the detailed behavior of molecular ions during the dissociation process. The dynamical properties of the intermediate C2H2+⋯C2H2+ state created by the pump pulse are probed by a second pulse which causes further ionization. The time-dependent yield of a coincident C2H2+ + C2H22+ ion pair exhibits an oscillation feature with a periodicity of 240 ± 30 fs. Our studies demonstrate that this is caused by an ultrafast rotation of C2H2+ cations driven by intermolecular Coulomb force together with the orientation-dependent ionization rate. We suggest that the present observation of ultrafast molecular rotation can be a general phenomenon occurring in a wide variety of systems.Received 14 September 2020Accepted 31 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023050Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasLaser-cluster interactionUltrafast phenomenaVan der Waals interactionAtomic, Molecular & Optical