Ship Arrivals Research Articles

Simulation Modeling of Super-Large Ships Traffic: Insights from Ningbo-Zhoushan Port for Coastal Port Management

With the expansion of coastal ports, the number of super-large berths is on the rise. It has become imperative to accurately assess the operational impact of these berths, optimize berth utilization, and minimize ship delays. In this study, a detailed simulation model of super-large ship arrivals and departures was developed, focusing on the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port. The model accounts for various special navigation constraints, including berthing and departure time windows, safety separations, tidal constraints, and interference from neighboring berths. The simulation results highlight a significant disparity in waiting times between arriving and departing ships, with daytime restrictions and berth time windows emerging as the primary factors influencing wait times. Consequently, several improvement measures are proposed. These include implementing priority rules based on time windows, establishing additional inner anchorages, and reducing safety separations. Among these, reducing safety separations offers the best cost-effectiveness due to its low application cost and effective results. Although these measures may lead to varying waiting times among berths, they collectively contribute to a substantial 25.6% reduction in overall waiting time. This study offers valuable insights and practical guidance for the planning, construction, and operation of super-large berths in coastal ports.

Improved Shipping Company Performance Created by Digital Business Transformation and Corporate Culture

The pace of digital business transformation is accelerating; digital transformation cannot be a one-time activity, so organizations must develop a continuous development mentality and culture of adapting services and systems faster and more frequently by incorporating new technologies and practices to meet customer expectations. The study aimed to analyze the effect of digital transformation on cultural transformation on the performance of shipping companies, with job satisfaction as a mediating factor. Data analysis in this study is SEM analysis with the analysis of moment structure (AMOS) program. Respondents in this study were all employees who handled ship arrival and departure permits at 39 shipping companies in South Kalimantan, totaling 367 people. Based on the Slovin formula, the number of samples used were 191. The results show that digital business transformation and corporate culture transformation can improve the quality, quantity, and reliability of shipping company performance with job satisfaction as a mediating factor. The results of the research on the performance of shipping companies that are influenced by digital business transformation and corporate culture transformation can broaden and deepen the development of the digital government readiness assessment theory of change applied in both developing and developed countries as a measuring tool for the economy of countries and companies. Keywords: shipping company performance, digital business transformation, corporate culture

Indenture Beyond the ‘Coolie’ Trade: Reinitiating Chinese Indentured Migration to Cuba after the Chinese Commission Report (1874–1920)

ABSTRACT The historiography of Chinese indenture in Cuba is very clear when it comes to its periodization, establishing the start date of the trade in 1847 and the end in 1874. This periodization is based upon the arrival of the first and the last ships carrying Chinese indentured labourers. Thus, studies on the so-called ‘coolie trade’ focus on the period between these dates. What happened after the arrival of the last ship has attracted less attention. The end of the trade, after all, did not coincide with the end of indenture in Cuba, either in legal terms or in practice. By the 1880s there were still Chinese indentured labourers in Cuba who had not finished their contracts. Furthermore, after 1874 there were attempts to restore the trade in Chinese migrants: firstly, in 1877; and later, in 1919. Chinese indenture in Cuba is an excellent case study by which to problematize the meaning of ‘abolition’ and inquire on the nature of ‘indenture’. Using multilingual source material, this article suggests a continuous view of indenture in Cuba beyond the 1874 hallmark, and pinpoints the debt generated at the moment of recruitment to pay for the emigrating costs as the single most important defining mechanism of indenture.

Efficient multi-party PSI and its application in port management

Private Set Intersection (PSI) technology is a cryptographic tool that allows the parties holding private data to determine the intersection of sets in a joint computation without revealing any additional privacy information. As a critical component of secure multi-party computation, this technology has been widely used in the security domain of artificial intelligence and data mining. With the emergence of the era of multi-source data sharing, protocols for private set intersection computation applicable to multiple participants have also emerged. However, the performance of existing multi-party private set intersection (MPSI) protocols is suboptimal when some participants use devices with limited communication or computational capabilities, such as mobile devices. To overcome the above issues, we design a cloud-aided multi-party private set intersection protocol (Cloud-Aided-MPSI) based on oblivious programmable pseudorandom functions (OPPRF) and oblivious key–value stores (OKVS). Due to the protocol efficiently outsourcing partial computational and communication tasks to cloud servers, our performance has been further enhanced compared to existing work. Through the Cloud-Aided-MPSI protocol, we propose a port scheduling protocol for coordinated management scenarios of ships arriving and departing from ports. The protocol effectively addresses the privacy protection concerns of port management when scheduling the arrival and departure of ships. We analyze the performance of this protocol.

The ways of forming possible worlds of literary text characters: A cognitive linguistic aspect (a study of the novel “Treasure Island” by R.L. Stevenson”)

The article aims to expose various ways along which possible worlds of the characters’ images in the novel “Treasure Island” by R.L. Stevenson are formed. The methodological toolset leveraged in the paper combines the contemporary techniques of cognitive linguistics (namely, semantics of lingual networks) with the basic tenets of the possible worlds theory. The characteristics of the central protagonists of the novel Jim Hawkins and John Silver were analyzed with the help of basic propositional schemas. The characters exist in the novel in several possible worlds which are identified on the basis of the evaluation of the protagonists’ features, the change of the main characters’ location, and the dynamics of their axiology. As the analysis manifested, possible worlds of Jim Hawkins are formed according to the sequential model when the character matures with the unraveling of the plot, transforming from a Child into a Teenager and then into an Adult. A timid and dreamy boy gives way to a somewhat reckless and impulsive youth who finally turns into a courageous man. This maturation enables him to help his friends find the treasure and capture without anybody’s assistance the ship which they use to return home. The image of John Silver has a more complicated architecture since he features in two parallel possible worlds simultaneously as the Ringleader of pirates (nicknamed Barbecue) and Ship’s cook. He shuttles between these two epitomes during the development of the narration trying to achieve his goals. John Silver can wear a disguise of an amiable and hard-working member of the ship’s crew and then suddenly change into a cruel and greedy buccaneer who in cold blood murders people, starts a mutiny, and sticks at nothing to get his share of the treasure. When the mutiny fails, Silver feigns loyalty and obedience by betraying his cronies, but once the ship arrives in England his criminal self surfaces again.

PORT PERFORMANCE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SHIP ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE REPORT DATA

The seaport as a gateway to the regional, national and international economy must pay attention to the performance of operational services, including the level of service quality of ships, goods and port facilities. Activities at the port such as sea transportation operations must be reported to the Port Operator in accordance with the format of the ship arrival and departure report (LK3) which includes the type of ship, docking terminal, arrival time data and departure time from the Port. One perspective of port performance measurement is ship service which can be measured from how long the ship is at the terminal until it leaves the port. This research method uses a quantitative approach and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. This study aims to determine the statistical approach and measure port performance, namely turnaround time and performance efficiency. The results of the study for 2022 obtained for the type of container ship, Tanjung Emas Port has a turnaround time of 23 hours while Tanjung Priok Port and Tanjung Perak Port are more than 24 hours and port performance efficiency with DEA efficient rating value Ѳ =1 at Tanjung Priok and Tanjung Perak ports.

Rancangan Strategi dalam Menanggulangi Risiko pada Proses Pengadaan di PT. Asahimas Chemical dengan Menerapkan Konsep "House of Risk"

The purpose of this research about risk management in the supply chain is to identify potential risks that occur and the causes of the risks and to obtain a correlation between the causes of the risks and the risk events in the company. The research method using the HOR method, from the results obtained, there are seven main risks, namely the selection of land and sea transportation. The selection of land and sea transportation is not standard and has many problems (delays), shortages in supply capacity, unclear PR specifications, QA/QC processes are not followed, ship arrival is not on time, the high overturn of employees, and a significant increase in demand. Significant increase in demand. The conclusion obtained 7 (seven) significant preventive measures, including Among them are building Using tracking technology and logistics management to monitor the transportation movement of transportation equipment in real-time, identifying areas or stages of areas or production stages that can be improved to overcome shortcomings, implementing a review process involving review process that involves competent parties, periodic internal audits to evaluate compliance with QA procedures. Periodically to evaluate compliance with QA/QC procedures and insert punctuality clauses in contracts. Timeliness clauses in contracts with shipping companies or logistics service providers consider policies for work-life balance to reduce fatigue and stress and proactively increase production capacity.

Cold Ironing and the Study of RES Utilization for Maritime Electrification on Lesvos Island Port

The maritime industry is addressing environmental issues, and “cold ironing” offers a promising solution. This method involves supplying ships at port with energy, reducing fossil fuel dependence and emissions, and aiding in global climate change efforts. It is especially important for islands like Lesvos, which suffer from high energy costs and environmental issues due to imported fossil fuel reliance. However, research gaps exist in using renewable energy sources (RES) for cold ironing, mainly due to insufficient data on power needs and lack of monitoring for precise calculations and the very limited applications for the case of non-interconnected islands. This study uses real data from the port of Lesvos to evaluate power requirements for cold ironing and assesses the viability of a wind power park for an electrified port with the novelty and uniqueness of developing the application on a non-interconnected island. It also examines potential CO2 emission reductions. Data from Marine Traffic S.A. were used, considering factors like ship arrivals, hoteling duration, and engine types. This study also includes a simulation using RETScreen software for a 20 MW wind park intended for port operations. The findings show that the monthly energy demand at Mytilene port is around 6118 MWh, with an average power demand of 8.2 MW. The simulated wind park could supply about 72,080 MWh yearly, with a significant surplus (14,956 MWh annually) exportable to the grid. However, demand fluctuations mean the port might need an extra 924 MWh from the main grid. This underscores the need for additional strategies like energy storage and demand–response practices to fully transition to 100% RES-powered operations.

Assessing and managing the risk of Aedes mosquito introductions via the global maritime trade network.

The global shipping network (GSN) has been suggested as a pathway for the establishment and reintroduction of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus primarily via the tire trade. We used historical maritime movement data in combination with an agent-based model to understand invasion risk in the United States Gulf Coast and how the risk of these invasions could be reduced. We found a strong correlation between the total number of cargo ship arrivals at each port and likelihood of arrival by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Additionally, in 2012, 99.2% of the arrivals into target ports had most recently visited ports likely occupied by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, increasing risk of Aedes invasion. Our model results indicated that detection and removal of mosquitoes from containers when they are unloaded effectively reduced the probability of mosquito populations establishment even when the connectivity of ports increased. To reduce the risk of invasion and reintroduction of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, surveillance and control efforts should be employed when containers leave high risk locations and when they arrive in ports at high risk of establishment.

Globalisation Occurred in Loch Craignish in 1720

The arrival of a pirate ship in Loch Craignish in 1720 was an episodic occurrence, which introduced a local community in Argyllshire to the process of globalisation, a process marked by the transoceanic movements of people, goods and ideas. For literate Scots, the wider horizons of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries were opened up by novels, travel literature and newsprint. While reading material stimulated the mind and promoted discussion about matters of global interest, actual commodities from overseas variously engaged all the senses. Globalisation became an active rather than a passive experience. Sight, hearing, smell, touch and taste affected all, from the social, commercial and intellectual elites to the woman in the field and the man in the street in early modern Scotland. Nevertheless, public knowledge of where colonial commodities came from became distanced by time. A global awareness of place was retained in families and communities overtly engaged in mercantile and military adventuring, especially when accompanied by death whether through natural causes, misadventure or mortal combat. Illicit activities had a no less profound impact. Indeed, covert people trafficking, enslavement, smuggling, shipwrecking and piracy had a more local immediacy.

Analysis of the Inaportnet System That Affects the Ship Service of PT Kartika Samudra Adijaya at the Port of Samarinda

This study aims to determine the implementation of the inaportnet system that affects ship services at PT Kartika Samudra Adijaya at Samarinda Port. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data analysis is a qualitative approach to primary data through observation, documentation and secondary data in statutory studies, books or literature related to vehicle loading systems on board. Based on research on the preparation of ship arrival, during the ship's arrival in the port area, preparation for ship departure, and when the ship departs, It can be concluded that the new inaportnet system was only implemented in October 2022. In adjusting to the new system, several obstacles are still found, such as the lack of guidance of KSOP officers in using the new system and the lack of socialisation from the city authorities to service users (agents). The efforts include holding regular training sessions on the flow of the internet system for officers and service users.

Round Trip Time Evaluation Of Padangbai - Nusa Penida Crossing Vessels To Improve Performance At Roro Ferry In Bali Province

Padangbai Harbor is a port located in a village in Manggis District, Karangasem Regency, on the east side of Bali Island, Indonesia. Padangbai Port is a port that serves ship crossings from Bali to Lombok and Nusa Penida and vice versa serves ships heading to Bali. The Padangbai ferry port is a very busy ferry port because it has 2 routes, namely the Padangbai-Sheet route and the Padangbai-Nusa Penida route. There are 25 ships operating on the Padangbai - Selamat route, of which 2 ships belong to ASDP and 23 privately owned ships and 1 ship on the Padangbai - Nusa Penida route belongs to the Klungkung Regency Government. The Padangbai Ferry Port also has a schedule made by the Bali Class II Transportation Management Agency. However, there is a mismatch between the ship's arrival and departure times and the schedule that has been made. This research is research using qualitative methods. Based on the results of the analysis of problems in scheduling departures and arrivals at the Padangbai Ferry Port, delays of 20 minutes were still found which caused delays in the ship's onward performance. Therefore, it is very necessary to evaluate the ship's round trip time to improve performance at the Padangbai Ferry Port.

Analisis Proses Penanganan Kapal Penumpang terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Jadwal Operasional Kapal

This research aims to analyze the process of handling passenger ships regarding the timeliness of ship operational schedules located at PT. Indonesian National Shipping Tanjung Priok Branch. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method with primary and secondary data where data collection uses observation and interviews to determine the population, sample, data collection, data processing and data compilation. The results of the research can be concluded that the estimated and actual schedule for ship arrival and departure does not match, the average time required for ship arrival is 01:43 (one hour and forty-three minutes) and for ship departure is 00:54 (fifty-four minutes). ) and the percentage of ships on schedule is only 12% or 2 times out of 17 operations. Delays are caused by weather factors, machine repairs, clearance processes and poor internet connections. Therefore, coordination between ship operations and ship crew as well as internet stability is a solution to the timeliness of ship operational schedules. Keywords: Passenger Ships, Punctuality, Ship Handling

Analysis of container loading-unloading performance at Teluk Lamong Terminal Surabaya

PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal (TTL) is a container terminal whose primary business is to serve the loading and unloading of containers. As a result, shipping by water is necessary and will become more so with each passing year. This was seen between 2017 and 2021, when the arrival of ships and the flow of containers at PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal increased. The goal of this study is to determine how strong the association between the factors investigated is the loading and unloading performance (container flow) at Teluk Tamong Terminal Port. This research employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as primary and secondary data sources. Using the regression technique, the container flow of Teluk Lamong Terminal in 2031 is 1,357,208 TEUs, with a growth rate of 4.49%, falling short of the UNCTAD criterion. The results revealed a substantial positive association between the variables Idle Time (X1), Not Operation Time (X2), ASC Utility (X3), and Container Flow (Y), with Fcount 276.730 > Ftable 19.2 and a significance of 0.044 0.05 accepting Ho and Ha. The Adjusted R Square score for the association between Idle Time (X1), Not Operation Time (X2), ASC Utility (X3), and Container Flow (Y) is 0.995, indicating a strong relationship.

Implementasi Fungsi Manajemen dalam Proses Bongkar Muat PT. PBM Adipurusa

Maritime transportation is the backbone of the transportation system of all archipelagic countries such as Indonesia, therefore ports play a very important and strategic role. One of the functions of the port is as a transportation chain or meeting point for transportation modes which are actually played by the terminal. Daily activities in a loading and unloading company certainly require a chart or framework that contains the flow of activities including planning, organizing, mobilizing and evaluating. Seeing the urgency of the importance of managing management functions in organizations, it is necessary to study more deeply how management functions are managed in loading and unloading companies. Qualitative research method with descriptive analysis. Therefore, planning begins before the ship arrives, preparing loading and unloading equipment, operational planning meetings, permit applications, equipment preparation and field preparation. Organizing is done by managing the human resources available in the company. The implementation includes activities for handling container unloading and handling container cargo. Control is carried out by making reports which include operations per shift and reports on the realization of demolition. In conclusion, the management function carried out by PT. PBM Adipurusa has been running well.

Maximizing Efficiency in the Suez Canal: A New Approach to Evaluate the Impact of Optimal Time-Varying Tolls on Ship Arrival Times

In the existing literature, an optimal time-varying toll scheme has been proposed for the Suez Canal to address the inefficiency of numerous ships queuing and waiting at the anchorage area to enter the canal. The primary objective of this tolling strategy is to alleviate the significant issue of ships queuing at the canal’s anchorage area. This stands in contrast to the current tolling system employed by the Suez Canal, which primarily aims to recover the management and operational costs associated with ship passage through the canal. However, the existing literature has yet to explore how the arrival times of ships at the anchorage area will change after implementing the optimal time-varying toll scheme. The goal is to ensure that the equilibrium cost of each tolled ship does not result in losses and achieve maximum efficiency in eliminating queueing at the anchorage area. To address this gap, this paper adopts the principle of cost equilibrium conservation and utilizes the Point-Slope Form to derive two mathematical formulas representing all ships’ post-toll arrival times at the anchorage area of the Suez Canal. These formulas are specifically derived for two categories of tolled ships: those that enter the canal earlier than the latest entry time regulated by the canal authorities and those that enter later. The derived formulas are concise and comparative, strengthening the theoretical underpinnings of the current pricing model for a queuing canal. Furthermore, they serve as valuable references for canal authorities in devising pertinent measures, such as organizing the scheduling of canal pilots, to facilitate the implementation of the optimal time-varying toll scheme.

Effect of Manual System in Handling Documents Clearance in and Out Ship Service, Loading and Unloading Ship agency by PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara Sangkulirang branch, East Kalimantan

Bulk ship handling activities cannot be separated from the ship handling service plan, namely the arrival and departure of ships. Before the process of arrival and departure of the ship, several activities are carried out which are determined in advance by the shipping company together with the port manager and must be conveyed to the ship's side. The loading and unloading of ships coming and going, loading and unloading coal, requesting ship needs, handling clearance in and clearance out documents through Syahbandar manually whose service hours are limited, starting from 8 o'clock to 10 pm due to the shahbandar class which is still classified as KUPP class III, and also greatly limiting the movement and service of the ship service served. The purpose of this study is to find out how much influence the management of clearance documents in and out becomes longer, limited operating hours and delays in the loading and unloading process of ships, which are agentized by PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara Sangkulirang Branch, East Kalimantan. The approach method used is a descriptive quantitative method, while the data collection technique uses questionnaires, documentation, observations, and literature studies so that the influence / not between the manual clearance in and out system can be found on the service of the ship being inundated. The results of this study show that there is an influence between the manual clearance in and out system on the service of the ship being inundated.

EVALUATION OF SHIP ROUND TRIP TIME TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE AT BAKAUHENI CROSSING PORT OF LAMPUNG PROVINCE

Bakauheni Crossing Port is a port that connects the island of Sumatra and Java. Bakauheni Crossing Port has 73 ships in operation, with 3 docking vessels and 70 ships ready for operation. Bakauheni Crossing Port has also set a schedule made every month by the Land Transportation Management Agency region VI Bengkulu and Lampung. However, there is a discrepancy between the arrival and departure time of the ship with the schedule that has been made. This is evidenced by the number of News Delay Events found. This research is a combined research of quantitative and qualitative methods incorporated into one and is often referred to as mixed methods. Combined research is a stage of data collection, data analysis, with a combination of methods sequentially, namely quantitative and qualitative methods or vice versa. In the making of this study, researchers collect the results of interviews, document analysis, discussions to observation transkip and measuring instruments or research instruments, data analysis is quantitative or statistical with the aim of testing hypotheses that have been made. It can also attach qualitative and quantitative data in the form of photos or video recordings, survey methods and experimental methods. The data used is primary and secondary data to be analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis of problems in scheduling departures and arrivals at the Bakauheni Crossing Port, there were still delays that caused hampering the ship's performance afterwards. Therefore, it is necessary to further analyze Round Trip Time (RTT) to improve performance at Bakauheni Crossing Port so that the schedule of departure and arrival of ships that have been made by the Land Transportation Management Hall VI Bengkulu and Lampung can be in accordance with The Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 20 of 2018 on Organization and Work Procedures in the Land Transportation Management Hall.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI TAMBAT LABUH KAPAL DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA KARANGANTU

The purpose of this study is to make it easier to access data and make reports needed by those who need it. The method used in this study is the waterfall model, which begins with research on the current system, design, coding, and maintenance of archive management systems so that archive management information and archive management reports can run quickly, precisely and accurately. The results obtained from this study are regarding the design of a mooring information system that is integrated with a database to support the process of managing ship arrivals and departures easily, quickly, and accurately. In making a ship's arrival and departure certificate, it can be documented into a database, so that it can make it easier if you want to report ship arrival and departure data. The conclusion that can be drawn from this information system is that archive management can be well documented because it is equipped with a database, storage has become a single unit, can reduce redundancy or duplicate data, can display required mooring management information so that it can facilitate officers in making arrival management reports. and ship departure.

Using FRAM for Causal Analysis of Marine Risks in the Motor Vessel Milano Bridge Accident: Identifying Potential Solutions

The levels of informatization, automation, and intelligence are continuously improving; however, the risks associated with the increased design and operational complexity of ship systems are increasing. Large-scale ship accidents can occur for several reasons. Existing accident analysis methods that examine marine accidents from the perspective of causal one-to-one correspondence have limitations in systematically analyzing complex marine risks during cause identification for the prevention of similar accidents. This study focuses on a systematic causality analysis of the factors related to human error in marine accidents that may occur during the arrival and departure of mega container ships. In particular, a representative case of the Motor Vessel (MV) Milano Bridge crane contact accident at Busan New Port is considered. To explore the complex organizational–technical, human–technical, and organizational–human relationships relevant to this case, human factors (seafarer, pilot, etc.) that are closely related to the linked causes were analyzed using the functional resonance analysis method. This study aims to reduce human error and prevent marine accidents, including pilotage.