Space Arrangement Research Articles

The effect of space arrangement between anterior teeth on their retraction with clear aligners in first premolar extraction treatment: a finite element study

IntroductionClear aligner therapy has become increasingly popular in recent years, although it has encountered several difficulties in premolar extraction treatment. These difficulties include anterior dentition, lingual tipping and extrusion. The design of the present clinical scheme usually set a tiny space between the anterior teeth before retraction in order to obtain an ideal outcome. The objective of our research was to analyze the effect of the existing spaces during retraction.MethodsModels including maxillary dentition without first premolars, maxilla, periodontal ligaments, gingiva, or aligners were constructed and imported to an ANSYS workbench. Five groups of models were created: without spaces and with 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mm spaces between the anterior dentition. A 0.20 mm retraction step was applied to all the groups.ResultsAs the spaces between the anterior dentition increased, the bowing effect of the aligner caused by the passive forces decreased gradually. Accordingly, the degree of extrusion of the anterior dentition was alleviated significantly, while sagittal movement was reduced. However, the overall movement tended to be a bodily displacement rather than tipping. Meanwhile, maximum Von Mises stress of the periodontal ligaments (PDLs) was markedly decreased.ConclusionThese analyses indicate that spaces between the anterior dentition during anterior retraction are beneficial for decreasing the tendency for extrusion of the anterior dentition and require provision of anchorage. Appropriate spaces can be designed to lest the lingual tipping and extrusion effect of the anterior teeth while simultaneously reducing the maximum stresses on PDLs.

Study in the synthesis and crystal structure of the potentially genotoxic impurity E of Avanafil

In the classical route of synthesizing of avanafil, the last step of the reaction uses EDCI and HOBT as an acid and amine binding agent. HOBT may contain residues of hydrazine, and potential mutagenic impurities containing acylhydrazide structures may be formed. The intermediate product (M6) of avanafil was synthesized by 6 steps using diethyl ethoxylmethylmalonate and S-methyl isothiourea semisulfide as starting materials. The potentially genotoxic impurity E (Imp-E) of avanafil was given by the reaction of M6 and hydrazine sulfate acid amine, yield of 20%. The single crystal of Imp-E was cultivated by solvent volatilization method, and its structure was analyzed by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The Flack parameter of Imp-E was -0.03(3) by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis, and the absolute configuration of Imp-E was determined as S configuration. The intramolecular / intermolecular hydrogen bonds of Imp-E make the molecules maintain a stable arrangement in space.

Outer Space as a Global Commons: An Empirical Study of Space Arrangements

Outer Space as a Global Commons: An Empirical Study of Space Arrangements

Desempenho produtivo do milho em diferentes arranjos de plantas

ABSTRACT Sowing arrangements composed of double-row spacing in corn can favor the interception of solar radiation by the canopy and, consequently, the yield performance of the crop. However, it is possible that the microclimate provided by this spacing, especially at high plant densities, favors the occurrence of leaf diseases. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of 0.45 m and double-row spacing arrangements on the severity of foliar diseases and yield performance of corn grown in the first and second-crop seasons. Two independent experiments were conducted (with and without the fungicide fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin) in the first and second-crop seasons in a randomized block design arranged in a split-plot scheme with four repetitions. The plots consisted of spacing (0.45 m) and double-row (0.30 × 0.60 m), and the subplots, four plant densities (59,200, 74,000, 81,400, and 96,200 plants ha-1). In the plant density factor, in the second-crop season, there is a decrease in the severity of white spot as plant density is increased. Also, for the plant density factor, in the first-crop season, there may be a significant yield increase as the plant density is increased.

Effect of void space arrangement on wind power potential and pressure coefficient distributions for high-rise void buildings

High-rise void building complexes can augment the permeation of airflows over buildings, and thereby strengthen urban wind energy harvesting for realization of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This paper considers the wind over a typical 2×2 compact high-rise building array with the openings to analyze the wind power potential at varying void sizes, locations of voids, and direction of incoming wind. The predicted mean wind speeds and turbulence intensities are compared against the measured data with 4 generic high-rise building models having voids in an atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel for validation of the computational model. Based on the comparative results from four common Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) turbulence models including the standard, realizable, renormalization group (RNG) k-ε, and shear-stress transport (SST) k-ω models as well as the Reynolds stress model (RSM), the RSM approach can provide the most accurate predictions of streamwise mean velocity and turbulence intensity. The present study then conducts CFD simulations to explore the effects of opening configuration and wind direction on the wind field around high-rise void buildings. Considering the variations of void sizes of 10 × 10 m2, 12.5 × 12.5 m2, 15 × 15 m2, void heights of z/H = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and wind directions of 0°, 45°, respectively, the simulated results indicate elevated wind power densities with acceptable turbulence intensities over the upstream gap passage and void channels to achieve prospective urban wind power harvest and mitigate wind load on structures of high-rise void buildings.

Implementation of Government Policy in Arranging Green Open Space in the City of Semarang

Green Open Space (RTH) is an urban element that is very important to support all activities and life of the population. Basically, green open space is a natural element that plays an important role in creating a city that is proportional and environmentally friendly. According to the provisions in force, the proportion of green open space in urban areas is at least 30%. This step was taken by the government to ensure the balance of urban development. This study aims to describe the implementation of management policies and constraints in the arrangement of green open spaces in the city of Semarang experienced by the Spatial Planning Office and the Settlement and Housing Area Office of Semarang City. The approach used in writing this law is empirical juridical. In using the empirical juridical method, two approaches are used, namely the interview approach and field observations. In general, this interview approach uses trusted sources related to the problem being studied. Whereas in the direct observation approach the researcher goes directly to the field in researching the problems that are happening. Based on research results obtained in 2021 the area of public and private green open space is 1,042 ha and 4,025 ha private (15% of the city area) and in 2022 the area of public and private green open space is 2,580.585 (20.07% of the city area) ). It then explains the role of the Semarang City Government through the Spatial Planning Office and the Housing and Settlement Area Office in carrying out the implementation of the green open space arrangement policy. Next, the obstacles and solutions faced by the Semarang City Government will be explained in carrying out urban green open space planning.

Identification Of Productive Landscape Potentials To Support The Eco-Pesantren Daar El-Qolam 3 Banten

DAAR El-Qolam Islamic Boarding School, Tangerang Regency, Banten Province, has an area of ​​around 20 hectares. The development and arrangement of green open spaces is not good, the condition of open spaces in Islamic boarding schools is generally only grass fields and a few trees which are still wide. The DAAR El-Qolam Islamic Boarding School land has the potential to be developed and utilized for an eco-Islamic boarding school program in the form of a productive landscape. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential of green open space at Daar El-Qolam 3 boarding school as a productive landscape, to find out land use as a productive landscape that provides landscape elements, and to support aspects of agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries and other productive businesses that can be used. as an educational medium at the Daar El-Qolam Islamic Boarding School 3. Data collection in this study used survey, interview, observation, and documentation methods. This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for the development of Islamic boarding schools Daar El-Qolam 3. Land use in open space areas as productive landscapes can optimize the function of land use for agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries and productive businesses.

Public Open Space Arrangement Model In Summarecon Bekasi Residential Area Based On Covid-19 Pandemic Mitigation

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), a highly contagious respiratory virus, has spread to more than 200 countries and regions. The high number of Covid-19 cases has led to various regulations regarding social restrictions. Some of the changes that occurred due to the Covid-19 pandemic changed the socio-spatial structure and affected physical and psychological well-being and overall quality of life. The impact of Covid-19 has also occurred in the Summarecon Bekasi settlement, which provides facilities, a commercial center, and various public open spaces that the people of Bekasi City widely use to become more restricted. Researchers used a qualitative approach and descriptive qualitative analysis techniques with interview observations and documentation as the data sources. Research on public open spaces in Summarecon Bekasi, including downtown walk, waterfront, pedestrian paths, and bus stop shuttle bus, shows that these public spaces cannot fulfill all variable indicators of public open space readiness in dealing with post-pandemic conditions Covid-19. The results obtained are based on the weighting of values from the results of observational studies and interviews on each variable indicator of public open spaces. The empirical mean value of public open spaces in Summarecon Bekasi is 89, which is still below the hypothetical mean value of 110 and is at the lower limit of the category 'Not Enough .'Thus, to overcome the condition of public open spaces that are not yet adaptive to Covid-19, a structuring model is designed for public open spaces in Summarecon Bekasi. This structuring model is expected to reduce the percentage probability of social disasters such as the Covid-19 pandemic or other similar things.

“Spending a Year in the Library Will Prepare You for Anything"

Many public libraries across the country have looked to the field of social work to assist in meeting the needs of patrons. Oftentimes, libraries have limited resources to provide a social worker, so they are partnering with local universities to provide social work interns. The purpose of this study was to hear from the library social work interns themselves about their experiences of completing their social work field placement in a library setting. This study was conducted in two parts: an online survey with 35 respondents and semi-structured qualitative interviews with 14 participants. The online survey included demographics and questions regarding students’ experiences completing an internship in a public library. The follow-up interviews consisted of in-depth questions exploring the unique challenges and transferable skills learned while in their placements. The findings speak to the importance of role clarity, physical space, confidentiality, and supervision arrangements. This study also found that, regardless of the challenges of these placements, interns overall had positive experiences and spoke highly of their library-based field experiences. Recommendations include identifying field-specific challenges in a library-social work partnership for those who are in the field as well as future research involving other stakeholders, such as librarians, university staff, and supervisors

Architectural layout generation using a graph-constrained conditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)

Efficiently generating appealing and realistic architectural space configurations has been a significant challenge for designers. This paper presents a deep-learning approach, providing architects with increased control over the final design outcomes. Employing deep learning algorithms to analyze the graph structure of input bubble diagrams facilitates the generation of node-based space layouts confined within predefined borders, ensuring a balance between creative freedom and practical constraints. The findings reveal the effectiveness of the graph-constrained data-driven method in automating the space layout design process. Automating space arrangement accelerates the building design workflow, yielding more efficient and productive results for architects.

A J-Type Air-Cooled Battery Thermal Management System Design and Optimization Based on the Electro-Thermal Coupled Model

Air-cooled battery thermal management system (BTMS) is a widely adopted temperature control strategy for lithium-ion batteries. However, a battery pack with this type of BTMS typically suffers from high temperatures and large temperature differences (∆T). To address this issue, this study conducted an electro-thermal coupled model to optimize the flow channel structure for reducing the maximum temperature (Tmax) and ∆T in a battery pack for a “J-type” air-cooled BTMS. The parameters required to predict battery heat generation were obtained from a single battery testing experiment. The flow and heat transfer model in a battery pack that had 24 18650 batteries was established by the Computational Fluid Dynamics software ANSYS Fluent 2020R2. The simulation results were validated by the measurement from the battery testing experiment. Using the proposed model, parameter analysis has been implemented. The flow channel structure was optimized in terms of the duct size, battery spacing, and battery arrangement for the air-cooled BTMS. The original BTMS was optimized to reduce Tmax and ∆T by 1.57 K and 0.80 K, respectively. This study may provide a valuable reference for designing air-cooled BTMS.

Profound Non-Randomness in Dinucleotide Arrangements within Ultra-Conserved Non-Coding Elements and the Human Genome.

Long human ultra-conserved non-coding elements (UCNEs) do not have any sequence similarity to each other or other characteristics that make them unalterable during vertebrate evolution. We hypothesized that UCNEs have unique dinucleotide (DN) composition and arrangements compared to the rest of the genome. A total of 4272 human UCNE sequences were analyzed computationally and compared with the whole genomes of human, chicken, zebrafish, and fly. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the non-randomness in DN spacing arrangements within the entire human genome and within UCNEs. Significant non-randomness in DN spacing arrangements was observed in the entire human genome. Additionally, UCNEs exhibited distinct patterns in DN arrangements compared to the rest of the genome. Approximately 83% of all DN pairs within UCNEs showed significant (>10%) non-random genomic arrangements at short distances (2-6 nucleotides) relative to each other. At the extremes, non-randomness in DN spacing distances deviated up to 40% from expected values and were frequently associated with GpC, CpG, ApT, and GpG/CpC dinucleotides. The described peculiarities in DN arrangements have persisted for hundreds of millions of years in vertebrates. These distinctive patterns may suggest that UCNEs have specific DNA conformations.

Regeneration Strategy of Rural Architecture Promoting Tourism from the Perspective of Narrative Architecture

With the rapid development of the construction of beautiful villages in China, traditional settlements of natural growth have been replaced by neatly planned new villages, which seem to improve the living quality of residents but destroy the original village texture. Most of them take advantage of the common cultural tourism development means in China, which leads to other ancient villages scrambling to follow suit and the emergence of thousands of villages and other problems that need to be solved urgently.
 This paper first reviews the development history and operational practice of spatial narrative design, extracts the relevance and transformability between narratology and architecture through theoretical research and analysis, and summarizes the methods of rational use of narrative space organization and arrangement according to different narrative themes. This paper tries to innovate the narrative elements according to the village unit scale, explore a new way of village reconstruction and renewal of narrative architecture, break the situation that the strategy is mostly used for the design of a single building, then by means of an update practice of Jingxing County Lvjia village, summarize the traditional village renewal path under the perspective of narrative architecture.

Research on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Island Fishways by Experimental and Numerical Methods

With the development of hydraulic structures, rivers are becoming fragmented, and their connectivity is greatly affected. Important migratory routes through which fish complete their life processes are hindered. In severe cases, it may lead to the extinction of fish species. As facilities commonly used to assist fish upstreaming, fishways are significant for environmental remediation and have received attention from different scholars. This article proposed a new type of fishway, inspired by Tesla valves with obstructing reverse flow characteristics and classic fishway structures. Due to its characteristic of introducing a water-blocking island structure, it was denominated as an island-style fishway. This work studied an island fishway through a combination of physical models and numerical simulations. The results show that this fishway could achieve various flow patterns suitable for fish migration, and the flow rate control was stable. This study also explored the impact of island spacing arrangement on the turbulent structure of the pool chamber. It was found that when the island distance is set at 1.5d, indicators such as flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy could achieve significant control effects. However, inappropriate d values might cause adverse effects. This research could provide reference ideas for the design of new fishways.

The Chronicity of Home-Making: Women Caregivers in Dis/Abling Spaces

Care for disabled family members in Brazil has historically been concentrated in the home, but the Covid-19 pandemic has intensified domestic care labor by limiting infrastructures of care. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with women caring for disabled others at different stages of life in three regions of Brazil, we advance two interconnected concepts that emerged in our interlocutors’ narratives. We contend that the Covid-19 pandemic has engendered a chronification of home-making, which intensified a long-standing pattern of unequally gendered labor in maintaining arrangements of spaces, people, and things. In the context of the progressive loss of social safety nets and deepening social inequality, this chronicified process of home-making also gives rise to dis/abling care—care that simultaneously enables others and disables caregivers. Our work demonstrates how the pandemic is re-entrenching historical inequalities in Brazil and how disability is produced in pandemic times.

The arrangement of spatial settlement for Balinese and Sasak communities at historical perspective in Cakranegara

This study aims to examine the construction of a social integration model through the arrangement of resident spaces in the Balinese-Hindu and Sasak-Islam communities in the Cakranegara territory, Lombok. This research was designed in a qualitative interpretative research type with the religious anthropological approach. There are three findings in response to the focus of this research study. First, the residential spaces of Balinese-Hindu community settlements are arranged in territorial blocks called karang. Each karang has a name identical to the name of the region where it originated in Bali. Second, the residential spaces pattern of the Cakranegara area during the kingdom period used the basic concept of Hindu religious teachings, namely by taking the bhuana Agung spaces concept (macrocosm) which represented the tri angga. Third, the Sasak-Islamic community during the Karangasem Kingdom in Lombok was placed outside the Balinese-Hindu community.

Queering digital temporalities? Visceral geographies of Grindr

Neoliberal discourses present digital technologies as life-enhancing, promising a collapse of space and time as time becomes neatly organised in ways where lives become increasingly convenient and ‘productive’. Grindr offers such an experience, promising users instant and numerous sexual encounters in the places they live, doing so, however, against sets of heteronormative ideas of time, sex and sexuality. In this article, I explore the ways that men who use Grindr in Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 2015 experience using the app amongst competing sets of meanings of sexuality and temporality. By focusing on the lived experience of using Grindr, I expose a range of spatiotemporal disjunctures and I argue there is a paradox of using Grindr – that users are often forced to feel shameful about an app that offers the collapse of space/time and erotic futures, whilst feeling as though using Grindr is wasted time when such a collapse, and future, is not available. I do so by taking a visceral approach, enabling investigation into the way bodily intensities come into being through arrangements of digital discourses, encounters and spaces. I conclude by highlighting how queer and feminist approaches to digital spatiotemporalities enables a revelation of the ways the promise of digital futures is not often materialised, especially for people who may challenge normative ideas of space and time. Therefore, I offer geographers a way of conceptualising digital technologies as both queer and neoliberal, where both positions may always be failing.

Comparative Learning Environment of Architectural Design Studio Layout in Malaysia

Architecture is a collective art with many design projects of group-based were held. The design culture of the school is influenced by each particular project, which makes the students participate in this critical group discussion and highly urged to work in the studio. This study tends to compare the spatial layout of architectural design studios by highlighting the advantages and disadvantages affecting the student’s productivity. They were differences in the learning cultures among architecture students in universities A, B and C as the local university in Malaysia. The current generation of students demands a smart studio with an interactive spatial design layout, which may foster students’ development, especially in their learning-based studio sessions. This study aims to identify the characteristic of a good spatial design layout suitable for the architectural design course with better anthropometric measurements. The qualitative methodologies involved observation of the studio’s environment based on the three selected universities in Perak, Selangor and Johor Bahru. The comparative analysis involved a few attributes, such as the space layout, walkway distance, lecture space and furniture arrangement in the studio, which affect the student’s learning and the lecturer’s teaching method. In summary, characteristics of a good and conducive learning environment will be highlighted, and recommendations for interactive space for students were proposed for them to learn and work in good conditions by improving the studio’s spatial design.

Optimasi Produksi Tanaman Kedelai Edamame (Glicine max. (L) Merrill) Dengan Pengaturan Jarak Tanam Dan Pemberian Kompos

Soybean plants (Glycine max (L) Merrill) are annual plants, have white or purple flower colors and have various shapes and sizes for leaf and seed characters. Soybean production in Lampung province in 2015 was 9.82 thousand tons of dry beans, decreased by 3.96 thousand tons (28.76%) compared to 2014. Crop productivity is strongly influenced by the environment and the variety of plants planted, and the spacing is also closely related to the plant population. Spacing arrangement is very influential on plant growth and yield. One of the efforts that can be done to improve soil fertility is by giving compost. Compost is the final substance of a fermentation process of piles of garbage / plant litter and sometimes also includes animal carcasses. This study used a randomized block design with 3 replications, the treatment was given 2 factors, spacing and compost application. The purpose of this study was to increase the yield of edamame soybean optimally with the treatment of spacing and giving organic compost. The results showed that based on least significant different show that the best interaction between spacing planting and compost application on all variable is J2K2 (15cm x 40cm + 12 ton/ha). While the lowest treatment on the J0K0 (15cm x 20cm + 0 ton/ha).

Krev, slzy a bolest – Imaginace a emocionalita na příkladu polychromovaných barokních plastik ze svatých schodů

What is the difference between the pain of Christ and the Virgin Mary? How is pain reflected in sculptures of the Baroque period in Bohemia and Moravia? And how did contemporary pious spectators react to these impulses? Baroque spirituality of the 18th century, particularly the theme of pain, will be demonstrated on the phenomenon of sculpture of the Holy Stairs. These chapels can be found in churches or cloisters, and they are subject to specific liturgy and space arrangements where we can find a particular representation of Christ, as well as the Virgin Mary and St. John the Baptist. Different types of pain and their representation in the sculpture of that time are illustrated on several examples of Holy Stairs, including the stairs at the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and St. Charles the Great in Prague.