Arrangement Of Resources Research Articles

Managing Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) Patients During The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a great challenge to medical systems in affected countries. As COVID-19 came to public attention, researchers want to learn more about its spread, mortality rate, and who is most susceptible to have severe disease.Elderly and those with other comorbidities are at the high of a severe illness. Until now, it is still uncertain of how much chronic hepatic diseases are referred to as risk factors, because of a deficiency of researches. Bacterial infections are very common in cirrhotic patients and lead to increase complications and mortality. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of the most common complications in cirrhotic patients.Corona is not only controlling the media; but also, is making doctors worrying about its direct effect on the hepatic patient. As well, this pandemic necessitates the special arrangement of medical resources that can affect hepatic patients who continue to require medical care. So, we aimed to discuss some information and guidance for managing SBP patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

When nature goes digital: routes for responsible innovation

ABSTRACT Digitalization of biological populations and ecosystems changes our relation towards them. In silico representations of natural systems make them available as resources that allow for novel ways of deriving economic value. These extracted data and models also open novel routes for responsible innovation based on biological systems and derived biological data. Responsible innovation based on natural resources is explored using the common pool resource framework and using the emerging field of biodiversity sequencing as an example. Natural syste­ms that have a vast digital representation which is shared by a community have aspects from both a natural resource commons and from a knowledge commons, but differ in their structure and dynamics. We therefore propose the concept of ‘Twin Commons’: the institutional arrangement of natural resources that have a tightly linked digital component which is shared and governed by a community, and that have research and innovation as important outlets.

Health Care Delivery System of Pakistan and Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract: Health care delivery system is fair distribution, organization, and arrangement of health resources that serves best for any country’s population efficiently and effectively for the achievement of organizational goals. Health care services are the multiple services providing to an individual, families, and communities by health care providers who are skilled to prevent disease, promote health, cure illness for the purpose of maintaining and restoring good health. Human development and economic solidarity can be increased ultimately due to better health that labor of a country. Productive human capital resources and healthy labor force can be achieved by planned healthcare services by the government for its people. Worldwide, health regions contrasts from country to country, it depends on how much costs on health is been efficiently utilized. The primary contributors in health care services are private health sectors, donors, out of pocket expenditures in the most of developing countries which may increase human capital and economic growth of the country as, public health sectors remains deprived due to structural fragmentation, lack of resources, and functional inabilities. In this article we discuss about the healthcare delivery system of Pakistan versus Bangladesh such as organizational structure, analysis of both the healthcare systems, and some recommendations to improve healthcare reform and its application.

Spatiotemporal Patterns of COVID-19 Impact on Human Activities and Environment in Mainland China Using Nighttime Light and Air Quality Data

The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought drastic changes to people’s daily lives, work, and the surrounding environment. Investigations into these changes are very important for decision makers to implement policies on economic loss assessments and stimulation packages, city reopening, resilience of the environment, and arrangement of medical resources. In order to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on people’s lives, activities, and the natural environment, this paper investigates the spatial and temporal characteristics of Nighttime Light (NTL) radiance and Air Quality Index (AQI) before and during the pandemic in mainland China. The monthly mean NTL radiance, and daily and monthly mean AQI are calculated over mainland China and compared before and during the pandemic. Our results show that the monthly average NTL brightness is much lower during the quarantine period than before. This study categorizes NTL into three classes: residential area, transportation, and public facilities and commercial centers, with NTL radiance ranges of 5–20, 20–40 and greater than 40 (nW· cm − 2 · sr − 1 ), respectively. We found that the Number of Pixels (NOP) with NTL detection increased in the residential area and decreased in the commercial centers for most of the provinces after the shutdown, while transportation and public facilities generally stayed the same. More specifically, we examined these factors in Wuhan, where the first confirmed cases were reported, and where the earliest quarantine measures were taken. Observations and analysis of pixels associated with commercial centers were observed to have lower NTL radiance values, indicating a dimming behavior, while residential area pixels recorded increased levels of brightness after the beginning of the lockdown. The study also discovered a significant decreasing trend in the daily average AQI for mainland China from January to March 2020, with cleaner air in most provinces during February and March, compared to January 2020. In conclusion, the outbreak and spread of COVID-19 has had a crucial impact on people’s daily lives and activity ranges through the increased implementation of lockdown and quarantine policies. On the other hand, the air quality of mainland China has improved with the reduction in non-essential industries and motor vehicle usage. This evidence demonstrates that the Chinese government has executed very stringent quarantine policies to deal with the pandemic. The decisive response to control the spread of COVID-19 provides a reference for other parts of the world.

Video Stream Distribution Scheme Based on Edge Computing Network and User Interest Content Model

In view of the inherent defects of traditional network protocols, unreasonable video content distribution process, content scheduling and routing mechanism need to be optimized in the current edge computing (EC) network. A centralized control EC network architecture of named data networking (NDN) is proposed in this paper. EC nodes are deployed on the edge of the network to provide caching and computing capabilities, and distribute video streams. So that transmission delay is reduced, bandwidth cost is saved, and the quality of experience (QoE) is improved. Firstly, the communication mechanism of NDN is introduced to distribute content and improve the efficiency of content distribution. In the scheme, the content distribution mechanism of video stream is improved in a distributed way. Different bit rate versions of video clips are distributed and buffered on the distributed EC nodes, so as to avoid redundant cache and save storage resources. In addition, the user interest content model is constructed. That is, video is divided into different categories according to content and user content preference model. Finally, with the limited cache and computing resources of EC nodes, the software defined network (SDN) mechanism is introduced for centralized management and control. And it provides a solution for content scheduling problem under resource constraints. In the scheme, the content distribution mode is decided by the effective arrangement of network resources, and the user's request is processed and responded cooperatively to avoid redundant cache and transmission. Based on the selection of forwarding response mode, the distributed characteristics of EC nodes and the routing and forwarding mechanism of NDN are fully utilized to provide users with response. It is shown by the experimental results that the proposed scheme optimizes the load on the network side and the experience of the client to a certain extent.

Application of ordinal logistic regression analysis to identify the determinants of illness severity of COVID-19 in China.

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented an unprecedented challenge to the health-care system across the world. The current study aims to identify the determinants of illness severity of COVID-19 based on ordinal responses. A retrospective cohort of COVID-19 patients from four hospitals in three provinces in China was established, and 598 patients were included from 1 January to 8 March 2020, and divided into moderate, severe and critical illness group. Relative variables were retrieved from electronic medical records. The univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to identify the independent predictors of illness severity. The cohort included 400 (66.89%) moderate cases, 85 (14.21%) severe and 113 (18.90%) critical cases, of whom 79 died during hospitalisation as of 28 April. Patients in the age group of 70+ years (OR = 3.419, 95% CI: 1.596-7.323), age of 40-69 years (OR = 1.586, 95% CI: 0.824-3.053), hypertension (OR = 3.372, 95% CI: 2.185-5.202), ALT >50 μ/l (OR = 3.304, 95% CI: 2.107-5.180), cTnI >0.04 ng/ml (OR = 7.464, 95% CI: 4.292-12.980), myohaemoglobin>48.8 ng/ml (OR = 2.214, 95% CI: 1.42-3.453) had greater risk of developing worse severity of illness. The interval between illness onset and diagnosis (OR = 1.056, 95% CI: 1.012-1.101) and interval between illness onset and admission (OR = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.009-1.087) were independent significant predictors of illness severity. Patients of critical illness suffered from inferior survival, as compared with patients in the severe group (HR = 14.309, 95% CI: 5.585-36.659) and in the moderate group (HR = 41.021, 95% CI: 17.588-95.678). Our findings highlight that the identified determinants may help to predict the risk of developing more severe illness among COVID-19 patients and contribute to optimising arrangement of health resources.

Creative Product Design Based on Dong Culture Creative

The study of Dong ethnic cultural resources provides the experience basis and method path for the designing and development of cultural and creative products with Dong ethnic-cultural characteristics. In the research, first of all, the Dong culture is mainly taken as the core and the Dong cultural resources are classified. Secondly, it studies the attributes of cultural and creative products and designs and combs the cultural and creative products of Dong nationality. Furthermore, the creative product design model of Dong ethnic culture is constructed, and eye tracking technology is taken as an example to accurately extract the cultural identification characteristics of cultural materials through modern science and technology, and the specific case design is carried out. Through the excavation, arrangement, and induction of Dong ethnic cultural resources, the attributes of cultural and creative products are analyzed, and the design model is constructed to provide ideas for the design of Dong ethnic cultural and creative products, which is conducive to enhancing the value of Dong ethnic culture and cultural and creative products and provides references for the cultural development of other ethnic minorities.

Assessment of flexibility index integration into the expansion planning of clean power resources and energy storage systems in modern distribution network using benders decomposition

High penetration of renewable resources on modern distribution networks increases the net load variability in due to the uncertain nature of these resources. Hence, the system may suffer from high ramping problem, the ignorance of which leads to the power interruption. Controlling the net load variability to provide adequate ramping also increases the operation costs significantly. Therefore, a new solution should be implemented to handle this problem. The aim of this study is to incorporate the flexibility indices into the expansion planning of distributed energy resources in modern distribution networks in order to demonstrate how optimal arrangement of flexible resources results in reducing the operation cost while controlling the net load variability. To this end, the benders decomposition approach was applied to the proposed expansion planning to reduce the complexity of the problem to a level which can be solved. The uncertainty of clean resources, load consumption and electricity market price was considered in the proposed problem along with the limitations of the investment budget and carbon emission permits. The simulation process was carried out on the IEEE 69-bus test system. The results indicate that optimal placement of the flexible resources considering the flexibility constraints is profitable from both technical and economic perspectives.

Green Performance Evaluation System for Energy-Efficiency-Based Planning for Construction Site Layout

The location of temporary facilities in a construction project and the entire site layout plan directly affect project objectives such as time, labor cost, and material transportation and handling. The layout of construction sites also affects entrainment factors such as energy consumption, carbon footprints, and overall construction operation productivity. While site layout planning has been intensively investigated from a project objectives perspective, there have been very few studies of energy-efficiency-based planning, or of the sustainability performance of site layouts. This study developed a green performance evaluation system aimed at improving the sustainability of construction site layouts. The identified factors include six sustainable evaluation categories covering energy conservation and environmental protection, people-oriented principles, construction efficiency, intensity of economic growth, intensity of space use, and the overall control of process. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was adopted to determine the weight of each attribute and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was established to carry out the evaluation. The 23 attributes adopted in this paper were identified in the literature; however, the major contribution of this paper is the development of a green performance evaluation system. This system integrates both qualitative and quantitative attributes and provides an overall evaluation of the environmental effectiveness of a construction site layout. The proposed evaluation system was validated with a commercial building project. The average utilization ratio of the case study site was calculated as 94%, and lessons learned are discussed in this paper. The case study analysis identified available site spaces around the building and examined how the arrangement of resources and facilities ensures effective connection between construction activities. The findings showed that the facility’s layout plays a crucial role in energy consumption and green performance. The proposed system will support construction project managers to create high-performance construction site layouts in more scientific and systematic ways.

Time series behavior modeling with digital twin for Internet of Vehicles

Electric vehicle (EV) is considered eco-friendly with low carbon emission and maintenance costs. Given the current battery and charging technology, driving experience of EVs relies heavily on the availability and reachability of EV charging infrastructure. As the number of charging piles increases, carefully designed arrangement of resources and efficient utilization of the infrastructure is essential to the future development of EV industry. The mobility and distribution of EVs determine the charging demand and the load of power distribution grid. Then, dynamic traffic pattern of numerous interconnected EVs poses great impact on charging plans and charging infrastructure.In this paper, we introduce the digital twin of a real-world EV by modeling the mobility based on a time series behaviors of EVs to evaluate the charging algorithm and pile arrangement policy. The introduced digital twin EV is a virtually simulated equivalence with same traffic behaviors and charging activities as the EV in real world. The behavior and route choice of EVs is dynamically simulated base on the time-varying driving operations, travel intent, and charging plan in a simulated large-scale charging scenario composed of concurrently moving EVs and correspondingly equipped charging piles. Different EV navigation algorithms and charging algorithms of Internet of Vehicle can be exactly evaluated in the dynamic simulation of the digital twins of the moving EVs and charging infrastructure. Then we analyze the collected data such as energy consumption, charging capacity, charging frequency, and waiting time in queue on both the EV side and the charging pile side to evaluate the charging efficiency. The simulation is used to study the relations between the scheduled charging operation of EVs and the deployment of piles. The proposed model helps evaluate and validate the design of the charging recommendation and the deployment plan regarding to the arrangement and distribution of charging piles.

Kontestasi dan Negosiasi Kepentingan dalam Implementasi Sistem Siaran Jaringan Televisi di Indonesia

This paper intends to show that the explanation for the failure of the private television network broadcast system in Indonesia --which was actually mandated in the 2002 Broadcasting Law – lies not in one single determinant factor but should be seen in the perspective of power relations that mutually constitute the arrangement of communication resources in Indonesia. Based on the experience of 17 years of the Broadcasting Law, there were four parties involved in the contestation and negotiations on the implementation of SSJ: private stations owners, government, parliament (DPR) and Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI). Among all the contesting groups, the association of ten giant national television station is the most consistent gorup in pusuing their own specific interests. The owners of the private national television stations persistently tried to thwart the implementation of the SSJ. On the other hand, the other three camps continuously show different approach and attitude toward the issue, which reflect its ever changing context and actors involved in its institutions . Keywords : Television Network System, Indonesian Broadcasting Law 2002, Association of Private Television Stations, Ministry of Communication and Information, Indonesian Broadcasting Commission

The layout design in reconfigurable manufacturing systems: a literature review

The layout is an important issue in the design of manufacturing systems. In conventional systems, the layout rarely changes after the initial design. However, as the market demands are changing more frequently, layout configurations must be capable of reconfiguring the arrangement of resources to suit new production requirements, while minimising material handling and relocation costs and maximising savings in material flow and inventory costs. This paper presents a literature review on the layout design of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS), focusing on reconfigurable layouts, which have been attracting increasing attention in recent years. A systematic literature network analysis was applied to identify trends, evolutionary trajectories and key issues that are influencing the development of knowledge in this field of study. The results are analysed and discussed using a bibliometric and a chronological citation network analysis. The major findings of this research includes (1) the layout design of RMS must be integrated in the process of RMS design, which, in turn, should be considered as a cyclic process, instead of divided into phases. (2) The core characteristics of reconfigurability and the layout design cannot be dissociated. (3) Operational performance measures are rarely considered in the reconfigurable layout problem, despite their importance. (4) Optimisation approaches have been widely used to solve the reconfigurable layout problem. However, they might not be the most suitable approach to deal with the uncertainty and variability present in manufacturing environments in which reconfigurable layouts are required. Finally, this paper identifies gaps in the literature and suggests directions for future research.

Tracing the Roots of Constructive Conflict Management in Family Firms

AbstractThe overlap between family and business systems creates a particular bundle of resources, which is a specific familiness that may determine how family firms positively or negatively manage their conflicts. In this article, we review the current research on conflict management and family firms and suggest theoretical propositions about the influence of familiness in constructive conflict management in family firms. We propose that specific levels of structural, cognitive, and relational dimensions of familiness configure a specific arrangement of resources that we conceptualized as collaborative familiness, which enhances constructive conflict. We discuss the main implications of this conceptualization in terms of its theoretical contributions, further research, and practice.

Movements of Australian Wood Ducks (Chenonetta jubata) in an agricultural landscape

ABSTRACTWe deployed satellite transmitters to provide the first detailed picture of the movement behaviour of Australian Wood Ducks (Chenonetta jubata) through agricultural landscapes where the availability and spatial arrangement of resources are highly predictable. We measured movement distances and home-range areas of individual Australian Wood Ducks and investigated their site fidelity by comparing the overlap of successive home-range areas on a fortnightly temporal scale. First passage time (FPT) analysis was used to determine the spatial scales at which foraging occurs within home-range areas. We found a peak of movement activity around the periods of dawn and dusk similar to many waterfowl species. The mean overlap of core home-range areas over successive 2 week periods was 89.81% (± 2.38 SD), which demonstrates strong site fidelity. Area-restricted search (ARS) occurred at the scale of individual foraging (ca.100 m), with no clear peaks at larger spatial scales. This finding implies that search effort was expended equally across the combined utilisation distribution of Australian Wood Ducks in this agricultural landscape. Our results support the conclusions of previous studies suggesting that the movement behaviour of Australian Wood Ducks is shaped strongly by the temporal and spatial predictability of their grazing areas and access to water in the form of farm dams.

Large birds travel farther in homogeneous environments

AbstractAimAnimal movement is an important determinant of individual survival, population dynamics and ecosystem structure and function. Nonetheless, it is still unclear how local movements are related to resource availability and the spatial arrangement of resources. Using resident bird species and migratory bird species outside the migratory period, we examined how the distribution of resources affects the movement patterns of both large terrestrial birds (e.g., raptors, bustards and hornbills) and waterbirds (e.g., cranes, storks, ducks, geese and flamingos).LocationGlobal.Time period2003–2015.Major taxa studiedBirds.MethodsWe compiled GPS tracking data for 386 individuals across 36 bird species. We calculated the straight‐line distance between GPS locations of each individual at the 1‐hr and 10‐day time‐scales. For each individual and time‐scale, we calculated the median and 0.95 quantile of displacement. We used linear mixed‐effects models to examine the effect of the spatial arrangement of resources, measured as enhanced vegetation index homogeneity, on avian movements, while accounting for mean resource availability, body mass, diet, flight type, migratory status and taxonomy and spatial autocorrelation.ResultsWe found a significant effect of resource spatial arrangement at the 1‐hr and 10‐day time‐scales. On average, individual movements were seven times longer in environments with homogeneously distributed resources compared with areas of low resource homogeneity. Contrary to previous work, we found no significant effect of resource availability, diet, flight type, migratory status or body mass on the non‐migratory movements of birds.Main conclusionsWe suggest that longer movements in homogeneous environments might reflect the need for different habitat types associated with foraging and reproduction. This highlights the importance of landscape complementarity, where habitat patches within a landscape include a range of different, yet complementary resources. As habitat homogenization increases, it might force birds to travel increasingly longer distances to meet their diverse needs.

ON THE APPLICATION STRATEGIES OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR IN ENTERPRISE MANAGEMENT

The constituent elements of an enterprise are mainly human, material and financial resources. Adjusting the organizational behavior of an enterprise is, in fact, a reasonable arrangement and effective use of the limited resources of the enterprise, especially the human resources, so that it plays the greatest economic and social benefits. Therefore, enterprise managers should deeply study and understand the essence of organizational behavior, renew their ideas, establish a sense of innovation, and implement a “people-oriented” management incentive mechanism.

The Mathematics Elementary School Teachers’ Perceptions of the Student-Centered Approaches and Professional Learning Experiences

This research explores the perceptions’ of mathematics teachers who are teaching in Pakistani schools at secondary level. The study aimed to explore the elementary school teachers’ perceptions about student-centred approaches, and their difficulties facing in using these approaches. The study uses a methodology of questionnaire and interview to gather data from mathematics teachers at secondary level. The results of this study indicate that the most mathematics teachers were positive about the role and importance of student-centred approaches in their mathematics. The majority of teachers appreciated their role as a facilitator of the learning process using student-centred approaches Moreover, the majority of teachers reported that continued practice in teaching mathematics courses and/or teaching method courses had contributed to their developing a fair understanding of teaching mathematics. The teachers responded positively regarding the role of student-centred approaches to enhance the procedural understanding of students in mathematics. Most of the findings supported student-centred approaches positively. Finally, the recommendations concerning the importance of student-centred approaches in mathematics, the arrangement of resources, and teachers’ professional development are presented for the attention of teachers, administration and curriculum developers.

Interaction networks of macrofungi and mycophagous beetles reflect diurnal variation and the size and spatial arrangement of resources

Abstract Ecological networks are useful for characterizing interspecific associations and predicting the resilience of ecological communities. We evaluated how such networks vary with the size, spatial distribution, and timing of availability of resources, with a focus on beetle-macrofungal associations. We used 2 y of field experiments to construct ecological networks based on manipulated sporocarp baits (resources; Pleurotus ostreatus) and natural communities of beetles (consumers) in a temperate forest. Centrality and interaction strength increased with resource size, but were associated weakly with resource density and isolation, and not at all with position within patches. Whole-network connectance was greater in mornings (when beetle richness and abundance were high) than evenings. Interannual differences in networks were consistent with differences in beetle communities between years. The capacity of networks to vary temporally, spatially, and as a function of resource traits is examined in light of understanding beetle-macrofungal associations, which are important components of fungal ecology.

Information use during movement regulates how fragmentation and loss of habitat affect body size.

An individual's body size is central to its behaviour and physiology, and tightly linked to its movement ability. The spatial arrangement of resources and a consumer's capacity to locate them are therefore expected to exert strong selection on consumer body size. We investigated the evolutionary impact of both the fragmentation and loss of habitat on consumer body size and its feedback effects on resource distribution, under varying levels of information used during habitat choice. We developed a mechanistic, individual-based, spatially explicit model, including several allometric rules for key consumer traits. Our model reveals that as resources become more fragmented and scarce, informed habitat choice selects for larger body sizes while random habitat choice promotes small sizes. Information use may thus be an overlooked explanation for the observed variation in body size responses to habitat fragmentation. Moreover, we find that resources can accumulate and aggregate if information about resource abundance is incomplete. Informed movement results in stable resource-consumer dynamics and controlled resources across space. However, habitat loss and fragmentation destabilize local dynamics and disturb resource suppression by the consumer. Considering information use during movement is thus critical to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics underlying the functioning and structuring of consumer communities.

전쟁합리성과 식민주의

Imperial Japan had developed the total war since the outbreak of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War and it sought to establish a high degree of rational system in the colony as well as the metropole Japan. This rationalization promoted the purpose to win the war and to build an advanced military state, and got forward to social reform for the efficient arrangement and operation of manpower and material resources. This article attempts to grasp the contradictory structure of rationality and irrationality through the concept of ‘war rationality,’ which operates in the form of governmentality of the colony, by examining the everyday political ethics that the colonialist total war system intended to establish.BR In the colonialist total war system, war rationality had been carried out in a project to extreme realization of modern technological domination that would transform all beings into means, and therefore the colonized had fallen to the status of means and experienced war rationality as their own ‘destiny’ that they could never understand. The colonialist total war system also seemed to suture the contradictions of capitalism, which emerged as ‘rationality of the part and irrationality of the whole.’ However it brought out the paradox of ‘rationality of the whole and irrationality of the part’ by introducing the economy of consecration that stops the exchange.BR Imperial Japan’s war rationality system could be maintained in anxiety only when a colony existed as an irrational moment inside.