Emotional Arousal Research Articles

Emotion generation method in online physical education teaching based on data mining of teacher-student interactions.

Different from conventional educational paradigms, online education lacks the direct interplay between instructors and learners, particularly in the sphere of virtual physical education. Regrettably, extant research seldom directs its focus toward the intricacies of emotional arousal within the teacher-student course dynamic. The formulation of an emotion generation model exhibits constraints necessitating refinement tailored to distinct educational cohorts, disciplines, and instructional contexts. This study proffers an emotion generation model rooted in data mining of teacher-student course interactions to refine emotional discourse and enhance learning outcomes in the realm of online physical education. This model includes techniques for data preprocessing and augmentation, a multimodal dialogue text emotion recognition model, and a topic-expanding emotional dialogue generation model based on joint decoding. The encoder assimilates the input sentence into a fixed-length vector, culminating in the final state, wherein the vector produced by the context recurrent neural network is conjoined with the preceding word's vector and employed as the decoder's input. Leveraging the long-short-term memory neural network facilitates the modeling of emotional fluctuations across multiple rounds of dialogue, thus fulfilling the mandate of emotion prediction. The evaluation of the model against the DailyDialog dataset demonstrates its superiority over the conventional end-to-end model in terms of loss and confusion values. Achieving an accuracy rate of 84.4%, the model substantiates that embedding emotional cues within dialogues augments response generation. The proposed emotion generation model augments emotional discourse and learning efficacy within online physical education, offering fresh avenues for refining and advancing emotion generation models.

Amygdalar Excitation of Hippocampal Interneurons Can Lead to Emotion-driven Overgeneralization of Context.

Context is central to cognition: Detailed contextual representations enable flexible adjustment of behavior via comparison of the current situation with prior experience. Emotional experiences can greatly enhance contextual memory. However, sufficiently intense emotional signals can have the opposite effect, leading to weaker or less specific memories. How can emotional signals have such intensity-dependent effects? A plausible mechanistic account has emerged from recent anatomical data on the impact of the amygdala on the hippocampus in primates. In hippocampal CA3, the amygdala formed potent synapses on pyramidal neurons, calretinin (CR) interneurons, as well as parvalbumin (PV) interneurons. CR interneurons are known to disinhibit pyramidal neuron dendrites, whereas PV neurons provide strong perisomatic inhibition. This potentially counterintuitive connectivity, enabling amygdala to both enhance and inhibit CA3 activity, may provide a mechanism that can boost or suppress memory in an intensity-dependent way. To investigate this possibility, we simulated this connectivity pattern in a spiking network model. Our simulations revealed that moderate amygdala input can enrich CA3 representations of context through disinhibition via CR interneurons, but strong amygdalar input can impoverish CA3 activity through simultaneous excitation and feedforward inhibition via PV interneurons. Our model revealed an elegant circuit mechanism that mediates an affective "inverted U" phenomenonv: There is an optimal level of amygdalar input that enriches hippocampal context representations, but on either side of this zone, representations are impoverished. This circuit mechanism helps explain why excessive emotional arousal can disrupt contextual memory and lead to overgeneralization, as seen in severe anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Mechanisms of Emotional Experiences of Online Spectators of E-Sports Events From the Perspective of Interactive Ritual Chain

E-sports events play a crucial role as significant entertainment activities and platforms for emotional interaction among the public. This study seeks to delve into the processes underlying the emotional experiences of online spectators during interactive rituals within e-sports events. It employs the core concept of emotional energy within interaction ritual chains as framework for analysis. To accomplish this, we conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews with 20 online spectators actively engaged in the League of Legends professional league. These interviews specifically targeted their emotions, feelings, evaluations, behaviors, and other relevant experiences both preceding, during, and subsequent to spectating. Our analysis revealed four distinct stages within the emotional energy change process: emotional arousal, immersion, climax, and continuity. These stages collectively culminate in the formulation of a dynamic, continuous, and cyclical emotional energy model. Notably, spectators adeptly employ various emotional regulation strategies to mitigate the impact of disruptive factors. The integration of ritual symbols, coupled with the positive feedback loop of emotional energy, serves to connect the five identified stages and establish a cohesive cyclic upward mechanism. These findings not only offer unique insights into the micro-level emotional experiences of online spectators but also hold practical implications for the effective management of e-sports events.

The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device is related to early emotional reactivity: An ERP study

Despite the evidence of altered emotion processing in oral contraceptive (OC) users, the impact of hormonal intrauterine devices (IUD) on emotional processing remains unexplored. Our study aimed to investigate how behavioural performance and event-related potentials (ERPs) linked with emotion reactivity and its regulation are associated with hormonal profiles of women using different types of hormonal contraception and naturally cycling women. Women using OCs (n = 25), hormonal IUDs (n = 33), and naturally cycling women in their early follicular (NCF, n = 33) or mid-luteal (NCL, n = 28) phase of the menstrual cycle were instructed to view emotional pictures (neutral, low and high negativity) and use cognitive reappraisal to up- or down-regulate negative emotions, while their electroencephalogram was recorded. Participants rated perceived negativity after each picture and their emotional arousal throughout the task. Saliva samples were collected to assess levels of 17β-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. As expected, emotional arousal increased throughout the task and correlated positively with perceived negativity. Perceived negativity and the amplitudes of the middle (N2/P3) and later (LPP) latency ERP components increased with increasing stimuli negativity. Emotion regulation modulated perceived negativity and the amplitudes of very late ERP components (parietal and frontal LPP). Moreover, IUD-users showed a higher negative amplitude of the frontal N2 in comparison to all three other groups, with the most consistent differences during up-regulation. Finally, testosterone correlated positively with the N2 peak in IUD-users and NCL women. Overall, our findings suggest that IUD-use and testosterone might be related to altered preconscious processing during the emotion regulation task requiring attention to the stimulus. The study underscores the need for additional research into how different hormonal contraceptives are linked to socio-emotional functioning.

CREATIVE PROCESSES OF EMOTIONAL IMAGES: THE EFFECTS OF ASPECT RATIO ON THE EMOTIONAL AND AESTHETIC PROPERTIES OF IMAGES

Proportions are one of the primary components of successful image composition during the visual art creation process, which, in turn, is determinant of the variety of effects of images on the viewer, including emotional reactions, attention, and aesthetic preference. The importance of image width and height ratio is especially visible in the current trend to adopt the widest possible screens in a variety of modern creative media applications: photo, video, computer games, etc. In the present study emotional and aesthetic evaluations of the three most popular aspect ratios that are used in digital media devices were compared. This was achieved by assessing emotional arousal and valence ratings together with the interest and appeal evaluations of realistic photos presented in 4:3, 16:9, and 21:9 aspect ratios. The results demonstrated that the widest images did not have an inherent advantage – photos presented in the mid-wide aspect ratio of 16:9 could be considered as more effective, because they were rated as evoking the most positive emotional reactions and as the most liked pictures. This demonstrated that single design features can have an independent emotional effect, which needs to be considered in visual design aiming to evoke emotional reactions to the viewer.

Embracing beauty through leftward movements: An ERP study on metaphorical association between hand actions and aesthetic judgments

In this study, we examined the metaphorical association between aesthetic judgments of faces and horizontal hand movements as well as their cognitive neural mechanisms using a joint categorical response task. In the “aesthetic-action” metaphorical representation situation, participants were asked to classify beautiful/ugly faces by moving the mouse to the left or the right. The results showed that the joint categorization condition “judge beautiful-move mouse left, judge ugly-move mouse right” had a shorter reaction time than the “judge beautiful-move mouse right, judge ugly-move mouse left” condition, which was accompanied by larger amplitudes of the early component N170, EPN, and the late component P300. Combining the behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) results, the present study demonstrated a metaphorical association between horizontal hand actions and aesthetic judgments. It suggested that horizontal hand actions can affect the speed of aesthetic judgments by influencing processing fluency, emotional arousal level, categorization motivation, and attentional resources. These findings provide new perspectives to better understand the cognitive process of aesthetic judgments and provide a basis for applying embodied cognition and metaphor theory to the field of aesthetic psychology.

The development and content validity of the emotional recognition memory training program (ERMTP) for children with autism spectrum disorder: A trial phase

Background: Facial expression, tone of voice, body language, and context are unrecognizable to children with autism. Emotional arousal and emotion recognition (required emotion empathy and cognitive processing empathy) induce downstream illnesses in children with ASD. Thus, the proposed study aimed to develop a computer-based Emotional Recognition Memory Training Program (ERMTP) for ASD. Objective: Firstly, to develop and validate the ERMTP for social cognitive abilities in children with ASD and secondly, to conduct pilot-tested it in typically developing children and children with ASD. Materials and methods: This study consisted of 3 phases. The first phase was developing the ERMTP from the literature review. The second phase was analyzed for content validity with five experts about Task 1 (two activities) and Task 2 (nine activities) comprising ERMTP. Computer-based learning of six fundamental facial emotions (happy, sad, angry, fear, disgusted, and surprised) improves social cognition. Finally, the pilot test was analyzed to discover the ERMTP’s challenges for five children with typical development and ASD. Results: The ERMTP’s activity items have good content validity, especially regarding clarity and relevance. All five raters gave the intervention a 1.0 IOC for its distinct components. In the training program, we followed the expert instructions regarding background music or voice and the generalization task. Descriptive analysis indicated that all five normal-developing children followed emotional expressions and instructions (100%). All five parents reported there were changes in focus and memory skills. Emotion regulation, memory abilities, and the social cognition index demonstrated statistically significant (p<0.05) effects before and after ERMTP treatment in ASD. Conclusion: ERMTP seeks to improve the social cognition of children with ASD by the use of feedback from both specialists and the children themselves. However, further research will be necessary to investigate ASD using a randomized control trial.

Heart or mind? The impact of congruence on the persuasiveness of cognitive versus affective appeals in debunking messages on social media during public health crises

Designing persuasive debunking messages poses significant challenges in addressing rumors during public health crises, especially when confronting diverse informational backgrounds. However, the underlying mechanisms through which the congruence between debunking messages and background information influences their persuasiveness remains unclear. Therefore, drawing upon the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion theory, this study develops a theoretical model to explore how topic congruence and reputation congruence moderate the relationships between cognitive and affective appeals and debunking message persuasiveness. We collected 18,825 COVID-19 debunking posts and associated data from Sina Weibo. Employing linguistic psychoanalysis, machine learning algorithms, and econometric analysis, we operationalize key variables and subject our model to rigorous testing. The results indicated that cognitive appeals, including argument adequacy (β = 0.040, p < 0.01), evidence quality (β = 0.163, p < 0.01), expression certainty (β = 0.048, p < 0.01), media richness (β = 0.264, p < 0.01), and source credibility (β = 0.138, p < 0.01), as well as affective appeals, encompassing emotional pleasure (β = -0.020, p < 0.01), emotional arousal (β = 0.033, p < 0.01), and emotional dominance (β = 0.015, p < 0.01) significantly influenced debunking message persuasiveness through the central and peripheral cues of ELM, respectively. Moreover, topic congruence and reputation congruence exhibited differing moderating effects. Specifically, topic congruence amplified the impacts of cognitive appeals while weakening that of affective appeals on debunking message persuasiveness. Conversely, reputation congruence yielded inverse effects on the two types of appeals. These findings furnish invaluable insights for government authorities and social media platforms in comprehending the intricate mechanisms underlying debunking message persuasiveness, thereby facilitating the development of more persuasive strategies to counter rumors in public health emergencies.

Traveling to the Danger Zone: Emotional Dynamics and Hermeneutics

Although emotions have garnered scholarly attention in tourism, an opportunity remains to examine the interplay between different emotions and their implications on tourism outcomes. This multi-method research was carried out in Venezuela and assesses the physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal of emotions. A guided walking tour through Venezuela’s high-risk zones resulted in varied degrees of emotional stimulation among participants. Their responses were associated with individual differences, such as travel history and personal/professional interests. The appraisal process showed that people who visit conflict-ridden destinations develop cognitively and emotionally. These findings underscore the significance of non-hedonic trips in emotional processes and illustrate how tourism can foster beneficial outcomes. Travel can especially shape tourists’ attitudes towards residents, conflict, and themselves. This research also broadens the literature on risk taking and danger zone tourism.

Deep temporal clustering features for speech emotion recognition

Deep clustering is a popular unsupervised technique for feature representation learning. We recently proposed the chunk-based DeepEmoCluster framework for speech emotion recognition (SER) to adopt the concept of deep clustering as a novel semi-supervised learning (SSL) framework, which achieved improved recognition performances over conventional reconstruction-based approaches. However, the vanilla DeepEmoCluster lacks critical sentence-level temporal information that is useful for SER tasks. This study builds upon the DeepEmoCluster framework, creating a powerful SSL approach that leverages temporal information within a sentence. We propose two sentence-level temporal modeling alternatives using either the temporal-net or the triplet loss function, resulting in a novel temporal-enhanced DeepEmoCluster framework to capture essential temporal information. The key contribution to achieving this goal is the proposed sentence-level uniform sampling strategy, which preserves the original temporal order of the data for the clustering process. An extra network module (e.g., gated recurrent unit) is utilized for the temporal-net option to encode temporal information across the data chunks. Alternatively, we can impose additional temporal constraints by using the triplet loss function while training the DeepEmoCluster framework, which does not increase model complexity. Our experimental results based on the MSP-Podcast corpus demonstrate that the proposed temporal-enhanced framework significantly outperforms the vanilla DeepEmoCluster framework and other existing SSL approaches in regression tasks for the emotional attributes arousal, dominance, and valence. The improvements are observed in fully-supervised learning or SSL implementations. Further analyses validate the effectiveness of the proposed temporal modeling, showing (1) high temporal consistency in the cluster assignment, and (2) well-separated emotional patterns in the generated clusters.

From Celebrity Stage to Digital Space: Mapping Discourse, Sensationalism, and Viralilty of Chris Rock vs. Will Smith’s 2022 Oscar Memes

Memes, in their actual and potential forms, are an expressive media phenomenon. They are being used in a participatory form of communication to describe any event in the most inventively sarcastic way possible. Given elusive meanings and alluring contextual embodiments, one might hypothesize that memes could decide the virality and sensationalism of an event. This article examines the elements in a few celebrity-event-based memes to determine whether there is an intersectional or interdisciplinary link between virality and sensationalism via the discourse they spread across digital spaces. It concludes that the participatory culture of communication is influenced by factors such as high arousal emotions provocation and human interest in constituting memetic virality.

Feasibility and effectiveness study of applying a hallucinogen harm reduction and integration model to a mindfulness thinking intervention using virtual reality: A randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a virtual reality (VR) program designed and developed based on the hallucinogenic harm reduction and integration (PHRI) clinical model could be more effective in guiding positive thinking training, improving positive thinking awareness and ability, and, to some extent, facilitating personal efficacy and emotional state compared to a traditional VR program that places users in a virtual natural ecological environment to guide positive thinking training. We also sought to understand the factors that may influence the effectiveness of VR interventions and user experience. Seventy-six randomly recruited participants were divided into a control group and an experimental group of 38 participants, each according to a random number table, and were trained in VR meditation for eight weeks. The experimental group used a PHRI-based mindfulness program, while the control group used a traditional mindfulness meditation program. We used The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and the PAD emotional three-dimensional scale to assess the level of state mindfulness and changes in the emotional state before and at the end of the experiment. The Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire measured the user's sense of presence and immersion in the virtual environment. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaires and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used at the baseline assessment stage before and at the 4-week follow-up after the experiment to assess the change in trait mindfulness levels due to the mindfulness training. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaires and the DASS-21 were used to assess changes in mindfulness and mental health trait levels. At the end of the experiment, the MMSQ score was significantly lower in the control group than in the experimental group, while the ITQ score was significantly higher than in the experimental group, and both scores were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the follow-up assessment four weeks after the end of the experiment, the FFMQ-15 score and the DASS-21 were significantly and statistically higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Since the scores of the PAD scale did not obey a normal distribution, we used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the results, which proved that the experimental group had higher levels of emotional activation and arousal. The VR positive thinking program developed based on PHRI can significantly increase the positive thinking state and emotional arousal and activation of the general population participants but does not directly lead to the growth of positive emotions. Moreover, this detached psychedelic scene brings users a weaker sense of presence and presence than traditional natural space scenes. Furthermore, it does not bring any intense simulator motion sickness symptoms. These findings suggest that VR programs developed based on PHRI have a more positive facilitation effect on the positive state and that this increase lasts longer than conventional VR-positive programs.

Neuromodulation of inhibitory synaptic transmission in the basolateral amygdala during fear and anxiety.

The basolateral amygdala plays pivotal roles in the regulation of fear and anxiety and these processes are profoundly modulated by different neuromodulatory systems that are recruited during emotional arousal. Recent studies suggest activities of BLA interneurons and inhibitory synaptic transmission in BLA principal cells are regulated by neuromodulators to influence the output and oscillatory network states of the BLA, and ultimately the behavioral expression of fear and anxiety. In this review, we first summarize a cellular mechanism of stress-induced anxiogenesis mediated by the interaction of glucocorticoid and endocannabinoid signaling at inhibitory synapses in the BLA. Then we discuss cell type-specific activity patterns induced by neuromodulators converging on the Gq signaling pathway in BLA perisomatic parvalbumin-expressing (PV) and cholecystokinin-expressing (CCK) basket cells and their effects on BLA network oscillations and fear learning.

Influence of Blended Learning on Students' Self-Efficacy: An Empirical Study Based on Cesim Simulation Course

Blended learning is gaining increasing prominence within the field of education, yet there remains a notable scarcity of research dedicated to this subject. This study places its focus squarely on students who are actively engaged in a blended teaching program utilizing the CESIM simulation as a foundational element. Its primary objective is to delve into the profound influence that the blended teaching mode wields over students' self-efficacy, all while considering emotional arousal as a pivotal mediating variable. The results of this study vividly demonstrate that the situational components and reference variables embedded in blended learning yield a positive impact on students' self-efficacy by evoking positive emotional responses. Furthermore, the practice of collaboration emerges as a direct and unequivocally positive contributor to students' self-efficacy. Evaluation, on the other hand, proves effective in stimulating positive emotions in students but lacks a direct impact on self-efficacy. In light of these findings, it is incumbent upon educational institutions and educators to commit to the enhancement of blended learning methodologies. By doing so, they can create a classroom environment that nurtures positive emotions among students and, in turn, bolsters their self-efficacy, thereby enriching their overall learning experience.

Self-compassion, Job-related Wellbeing, Perceived Stress, Happiness and Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms in 6 Cases of Senior Managers of Human Resources or Organizational Development

Introduction: Recent studies suggest that compassion, particularly self-compassion, is often perceived as contrary to effective leadership and organizational success, that self-compassion, which impacts emotion regulation through the acceptance of negative emotions, may be an adaptive strategy for managing stress and benefit for resilience at work, and that self-compassion is associated with happiness and inversely related to anxiety and depression. This can be taken together with the importance of job-related affective well-being, where low LPLA (Low Pleasurable Low Arousal emotions) and high LPHA (Low Pleasurable High Arousal emotions) can correlate to depression, anxiety, and stress. The following self-report questionnaires were used: the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), the Job-Related Affective Well-Being scale (JAWS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-10). The aims of this case series are to assess these components in six senior managers of human resources or organizational development, to understand their interconnections, and to compare the results with previous studies. Results and discussion: The six cases’ configurations of scores (age 46-67, 4 female, 2 male) for self-compassion, job-related wellbeing, perceived stress, happiness, depression/anxiety symptoms, vary widely. Five out of six cases in this case study have higher levels of perceived stress than the norms established by previous research. The youngest among the cases is case 5 and exhibits the highest stress levels, the highest depression/anxiety levels, and a high self-compassion level simultaneously. One case has severe depression/anxiety levels, and two cases have moderate levels of depression/anxiety. Four out of six cases have high levels of self-compassion. All six cases exhibit strong negative emotional reactions to their job and level of overall job-related affective well-being is low. The six cases in this study show the same trends outlined in the previous research: (1) self-compassion is associated with happiness and (2) self-compassion is inversely related to anxiety and depression, (3) anxiety and depression are inversely related to happiness,(4) perceived stress is negatively correlated with self-compassion (in turn that self-compassion could protect against stress, and (5) low LPLA and high LPHA levels corelate to depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion: Timely awareness among managers of their levels of self-compassion, job-related well-being, perceived stress, and symptoms of depression and anxiety can be valuable in preventing the escalation of stress and the deterioration of mental health. By recognizing and addressing these factors early, managers may mitigate negative emotional outcomes, thereby fostering a healthier work environment and improving overall job satisfaction and performance.

Understanding emotional influences on sustained attention: a study using virtual reality and neurophysiological monitoring.

Emotion and attention regulation significantly influence various aspects of human functioning and behavior. However, the interaction between emotion and attention in affecting performance remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate how individual differences in sustained attention, influenced by varying emotional states. A total of 12 participants underwent emotion induction through Virtual Reality (VR) videos; completed an AX-CPT (continuous performance test) task to measure sustained attention, for which task performance is evaluated from two aspects, task accuracy and task reaction times; and reported their flow states. EEG and PPG data were collected throughout the sessions, as supporting evidence for sustained attention. Our findings suggest that emotional valence and arousal significantly influence task reaction times and sustained attention, when gender differences are accounted for, but do not significantly impact task accuracy. Specifically, males responded faster under high-arousal negative emotions, while females responded faster under high-arousal positive emotions. Additionally, we find that flow experience is not significantly impacted by emotions states or sustained attention. The study underscores the nuanced interplay between emotion, sustained attention, and task performance, suggesting that emotional states can differentially impact cognitive processes. Also, it support the use of VR, EEG, and PPG technologies in future research on related topics. Future research could expand upon this study by including larger sample sizes and a wider range of emotional inductions to generalize the findings.

Does movement preparation enhance attending to bodily sensations in the back in people with persistent low back pain?

Attention has been proposed to play an important role in persisting pain, with excessive attentional processes towards pain information leading to worse pain outcomes and maladaptive behaviors. Nevertheless, research on somatosensory attending during the anticipation of pain-related movements is still scarce. This study investigated if individuals with chronic and recurrent lower back pain compared to pain-free controls, show enhanced attending to somatosensory information in the back while anticipating back-recruiting movements. 43 healthy control, 33 recurrent (RLBP) and 33 chronic low back (CLBP) pain sufferers were asked to perform back-recruiting movements. Before the movement initiation cue, a task-irrelevant tactile stimulus was administered to participants' lower back to elicit somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), used as an index of somatosensory attending. In contrast to our hypothesis, most identified SEP components did not differ across groups. The only exception was the P175 amplitude which was larger for the CLBP group compared to individuals with RLBP and healthy controls. The current study did not find robust evidence of enhanced somatosensory attending to the back in people with persisting lower back pain. The finding that CLBP, but not RLBP individuals, had larger amplitudes to the P175 component, is discussed as possibly reflecting a higher state of emotional arousal in these patients when having to prepare the back-recruiting movements.

Representational similarity analysis of self- versus other-processing: Effect of trait aggressiveness.

In this study, using the self/other adjective judgment task, we aimed to explore how people perceive themselves in comparison to various other people, including friends, strangers, and those they dislike. Next, using representational similarity analysis, we sought to elucidate how these perceptual similarities and differences are represented in brain activity and how aggressiveness is related to these representations. Behavioral ratings show that, on average, people tend to consider themselves more like their friends than neutral strangers, and least like people they dislike. This pattern of similarity is positively correlated with neural representation in social and cognitive circuits of the brain and negatively correlated with neural representation in emotional centers that may represent emotional arousal associated with various social objects. Aggressiveness seems to predispose a person to a pattern of behavior that is the opposite of the average pattern, that is, a tendency to think of oneself as less like one's friends and more like one's enemies. This corresponds to an increase in the similarity of the behavioral representation with the representation in the emotional centers and a decrease in its similarity with the representation in the social and cognitive centers. This can be seen as evidence that in individuals prone to aggression, behavior in the social environment may depend to a greater extent on the representation of social objects in the emotional rather than social and cognitive brain circuits.

公众环境认知与绿色产品贸易的关系——政策法律文本的调节作用

In today's increasingly accelerating globalization, environmental protection and sustainable development have become the focus of common concern for all countries. Public environmental awareness, that is, the public's understanding and attitude towards environmental issues, has a significant impact on environmental protection work. Meanwhile, with the rise of green product trade, the market trading of green products is becoming increasingly active. As one of the means to regulate the relationship between public environmental awareness and green product trade, the role of policies and legal texts is increasingly prominent. This article will explore the relationship between public environmental awareness and green product trade and analyze the regulatory role of policies and legal texts in it. This article explores the impact of trade and environmental policies on the financial system through computer software. It constructs a theoretical hypothesis model to explore the moderating effect of policy and legal texts on the relationship between public emotional perception of environmental policies and green product trade. After empirical testing, all research hypotheses in this study have been supported. The results showed that at a test level of 0.01, consumers' perception of green efficacy, perceived green responsibility, green purchasing behavior, emotional arousal, and moderate values were significantly positively correlated. Among them, the R-value of perceived green efficiency and green purchasing behavior is 0.701, and the R-value of perceived green responsibility and green purchasing behavior is 0.638, indicating the degree of correlation between perceived green efficiency, perceived green responsibility, and green purchasing behavior. Green purchasing behavior is highly correlated. The conclusion indicates that the government has further increased export subsidies for the clean industry, implemented differentiated environmental tax policies, and emphasized the coordinated use of procedures, promoting the development of the clean industry and the upgrading of industrial structure.

Sensory Inputs Guiding Cognitive Behaviors and Decision Making

Understanding human behaviors and higher cognitive functioning has long been an ultimate goal for psychologists and neuroscientists. Sensory inputs are pivotal in shaping the intricate landscape of complex behaviors and decision-making processes in both humans and animals. The distinct pathways through which the sensory information is perceived from the environment are referred as sensory modalities. Each sensory modality corresponds to a specific type of sensory input or sense, such as vision, hearing, or tactile, enabling us to gather information about the world around us. Sensory inputs integrate information of various sensory modalities at different levels of nervous system and networks, are filtered by attention, forming the perception of the external environment. Through the interaction with various neural circuits and networks, the sensory inputs activate memories and emotions, leading to further information processing. The conversion of sensory information into behavior and decision making is a complex neuronal process involving context evaluation, emotional arousal, memory activation and reward system prediction, with sensory inputs impacting immediate reactions and shaping long-term memory and future responses. This paper is a systematic review of recent literature studies that explain cognition and behaviors, providing an overview of the multifaceted interplay between sensory perception and the execution of complex behaviors, while highlighting the significance of sensory processing in cognitive neuroscience and behavioral science.