Potential Areas For Development Research Articles

A Literature Review of Covid-19 Research: Taking Stock and Moving Forward

ABSTRACT After the outbreak of the pandemic, research on COVID-19 has increased substantially. This study provides a literature review of COVID-19 research in the field of public administration. Applying a Structural Topic Model (STM), this review analyzes 710 articles. The analysis identifies and maps the 27 most salient topics. We find that the popularity of most topics remains highly robust over time. We also find that the salience of the topics depends strongly on the journal and origin of the author and less on the internationality of the research team. Based on this comprehensive analysis, potential areas for research and theory development are explored.

Emerging Opportunities and Potential Areas for Growth in the Indian Direct Selling Industry

The Indian Direct Selling Industry, characterized by its dynamic nature and rapid evolution, stands at a critical juncture where emerging opportunities and potential areas for growth beckon. This research paper, based on comprehensive analysis of secondary data sources, seeks to provide a holistic understanding of this industry and its future prospects. The paper commences by assessing the current state of the Indian direct selling industry, analyzing data and reports to delineate its growth trajectory, market size, and prevailing market dynamics. It then delves into an examination of the regulatory framework governing direct selling in India, scrutinizing the Direct Selling Guidelines of 2016, which establish the legal boundaries of industry operations. The core focus of this study is to identify emerging opportunities within the Indian direct selling landscape. The research reveals that the integration of e-commerce platforms, social media as a pivotal marketing tool, and the growing emphasis on sustainability and ethical consumption are key areas of evolution. The industry's adaptation to regional and cultural diversity is also instrumental in tapping into diverse consumer preferences. These emerging opportunities have the potential to reshape the industry's future. The role of sustainability and ethical practices within the direct selling industry takes center stage, demonstrating how responsible business conduct, ethical compensation plans, and a commitment to corporate social responsibility can foster trust and strengthen consumer and direct seller relationships. Finally, the paper provides insights into potential areas for growth and development within the Indian direct selling industry. These areas encompass market expansion into rural regions, digital transformation, product diversification, community impact, and customized approaches to meet regional preferences. In summation, this research paper offers a roadmap for stakeholders in the Indian direct selling industry, from companies and direct sellers to policymakers, by providing a comprehensive analysis of the industry's current state and future potential. As the industry evolves, it is poised to capitalize on these emerging opportunities and growth areas, shaping the future of direct selling in India. Keywords: Direct Selling, e-commerce, sustainability, product diversification.

Graphene-Based Materials for Energy Harvesting at Microwave Frequencies: A Comprehensive Review

Harvesting energy from microwave frequency is one of the key areas of research in the past decade to provide an alternative power source for wireless devices and sensor networks. The increase in the employment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices as well as sensors in order to support technological advancement leads to an increase in the energy demand. This in turn leads to environmental pollution due to the large amount of batteries being disposed. As such, in order to support the current demand for clean and sustainable energy that can reduce environmental pollution, various approaches to reduce the usage of conventional batteries in these systems are being researched. One of the approaches is the usage of the antenna to harvest radio frequency energy. The appearance of graphenebased material further sparked the interest of researchers due to its exciting properties. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review on the advancement of the usage of graphene-based material in the field of harvesting ambient radio frequency energy. Graphene material is first introduced in order to understand its characteristics and properties as a replacement for the conventional copper material. Current state-of-the-art approaches on graphene-based radio frequency energy harvesting systems were then reviewed and compared. The future prospect of graphene-based material in energy harvesting systems was also presented and discussed, shedding light on the future potential areas for research and development.

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT LIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS

Energy-efficient lighting technologies have undergone significant advancements in recent years, driving a transformation in the lighting industry. This comprehensive review explores various energy-efficient lighting technologies and trends, aiming to provide insights into their applications, benefits, and future prospects. The review begins with an overview of energy-efficient lighting technologies, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), and advanced lighting controls. It examines the key characteristics and advantages of each technology, highlighting their energy-saving potential and environmental benefits. Next, the review discusses the trends shaping the energy-efficient lighting market, such as the transition to solid-state lighting, the emergence of smart lighting systems, and the growing emphasis on human-centric lighting design. It explores how these trends are driving innovation and transforming the way lighting is used and managed in various settings. The review also examines the benefits of energy-efficient lighting technologies, including reduced energy consumption, lower maintenance costs, and enhanced lighting quality. It discusses how these technologies contribute to energy conservation, sustainability, and improved lighting experiences for users. Furthermore, the review discusses the challenges and barriers to the widespread adoption of energy-efficient lighting technologies, such as high upfront costs, technical complexity, and the need for regulatory support. It explores strategies to overcome these challenges and accelerate the adoption of energy-efficient lighting solutions. Finally, the review provides insights into the future outlook for energy-efficient lighting technologies, highlighting emerging trends, innovative applications, and potential areas for further research and development. It emphasizes the importance of continued innovation and collaboration in driving the evolution of energy-efficient lighting technologies towards a more sustainable and efficient future. In summary, this comprehensive review offers a detailed analysis of energy-efficient lighting technologies and trends, providing valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders seeking to understand and leverage the potential of energy-efficient lighting for a sustainable future.
 Keywords: Energy-Efficient, Lighting, Technologies, Trend, Review.

Spatial Modelling Analysis for Potential Expansion of Cipanas City Candidate Area as Autonomous City

The establishment of new autonomous city is considered a significant decision and the proposal has been under review in Cipanas for several years. Therefore, this research aimed to address the proposal by conducting spatial modelling analysis for potential expansion of Cipanas as autonomous city, using Geographic Information System (GIS) method. The physical and social factors were analysed, using spatial overlay analysis to determine potential development area. SWOT analysis was also performed for qualitative insights into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the prospective Cipanas area. The results showed that Cipanas had significant potential to become autonomous city, with a particular focus on agriculture and tourism due to the varied topography and predominant natural land use. Through overlay analysis, areas in Pacet, Cipanas, and a small part of Cugenang Sub-districts were identified as potential development zones for the capital city. In general, Cipanas area was found suitable for the development of a major city with an agropolitan concept. Certain areas were considered more appropriate with urban characteristics compared to other areas based on specific criteria. Based on the results, recommendations include infrastructure improvements, economic sector diversification, tourism promotion, and disaster risk reduction activities. GIS spatial analysis facilitated the accurate identification of potential areas, aiding in mapping and pinpointing optimal areas for the establishment of new autonomous city.

Jets Studies in Central and Forward Regions at Current and Expected Large Hadron Collider Future Energies

The present work presents a study of jet production in the central region (|η| < 2.5) and the forward region (3 < |η| < 5) in proton–proton collisions at different energies: s = 13.6 TeV, s = 20 TeV, and s = 27 TeV. These energies are the present and expected future energies of the Large Hadron Collider. In addition, the measurement of dijets—where the dijet selected is the one leading the jet in the central region and the second jet is the one with the sub-leading role in the forward region—was investigated with the same collision energies. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT (R = 0.5) algorithm in the transverse momentum range pT = 15–1000 GeV/c. Different Monte Carlo event generators were used: PYTHIA, HERWIG, and EPOS-LHC. The momentum, multiplicity, energy, pseudorapidity, and azimuthal angle of the jets were measured. In addition, the dijet multiplicity and the difference in the azimuthal angle were measured. The generation of events was carried out using the Rivet analysis framework. It is observed that, when the energy of the collision increases, the production of the jets in the central and forward regions and the dijets multiplicity increase; overall an agreement is observed between the three event generators. The disagreement between the different generators points to potential areas for development or additional study.

Augmented reality in marketing: a close look at the current landscape and future possibilities

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to consolidate the fragmented research on augmented reality (AR) as a marketing tool and provide a comprehensive understanding of its possible marketing applications.Design/methodology/approachThe study conducted a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of 103 papers on AR-marketing to identify the most prevalent topics and conceptual frameworks. Performance analysis and science mapping were utilized to examine the key marketing domains influenced by AR.FindingsThe analysis revealed that AR has had the biggest impact on marketing domains such as consumer acceptability, customer interactivity, retail, and destination marketing.Practical implicationsThe results of this study provide organizations with insights into the current state of AR-marketing, enabling them to successfully use AR to improve their marketing strategies. Furthermore, the study highlights potential areas for further research and development in AR for marketing.Originality/valueThis research offers a valuable, comprehensive overview of AR’s role in marketing by systematically reviewing and analyzing the existing literature. The findings open doors for organizations and researchers to explore AR’s potential applications in marketing strategies and future research opportunities.

Meaningfully Characterizing Cannabis Use for Research and Clinical Settings: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Measures and Proposed Future Directions.

Cannabis use is increasingly common. There is a need for validated tools to meaningfully assess recreational, medical, and disordered cannabis use in both research and clinical contexts. Cannabis assessments were considered against pre-determined inclusion criteria within a comprehensive review. Measures were categorized as either (i) evaluating use frequency or quantity, (ii) measuring symptoms of disordered use and withdrawal, or (iii) assessing use motives, effects, and perceptions. The applications and validations for each assessment are summarized. Finally, recommendations for refining of existing measures or development of new measures are presented. The literature review resulted in 289 publications that were reviewed in detail, yielding 21 assessments that met inclusion criteria. The applications of these assessments are described here, in addition to the information about the validation studies of each assessment. Based on the complication of these tools, 5 areas of potential development are highlighted to guide future research, including (i) sensitivity to the mode of cannabis administration as well as sensitivity to (ii) potency of cannabis products alongside frequency and quantity, (iii) unit equivalence, (iv) aligning clinical measures consistently with cannabis use disorder (CUD) diagnostic criteria, and (v) creating measures specific to medical users, their motives for use, and their perceptions of therapeutic benefits or side effects. Clinicians and researchers can pragmatically benefit from this summary of validated measures of cannabis use, and future work could improve the study of and clinical care for cannabis use and CUD by pursuing one or more key areas of development described here.

A Comprehensive Review of Bulldozers in Modern Construction

This study investigates the contemporary landscape of bulldozer technologies and trends in the year 2023, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements shaping the construction and earthmoving industry. This research meticulously analyses industry reports, manufacturer data, and emerging technologies, delving into key areas. Firstly, the study explores the integration of cutting-edge technologies into bulldozer design, with a focus on GPS-guided systems for precise grading, telematics for remote monitoring, and automation features contributing to enhanced operational efficiency. Secondly, environmental considerations are examined, emphasizing efforts to make bulldozers more sustainable. This involves an assessment of initiatives to reduce emissions, improve fuel efficiency, and the exploration of alternative power sources, such as electric or hybrid systems. The study also investigates advancements in safety and operator-centric features, including ergonomic cab designs, improved visibility, and the incorporation of safety technologies aimed at reducing accidents and enhancing overall job site safety. Data analytics and telematics play a crucial role in this research, with a focus on their utilization for performance optimization, predictive maintenance, and efficient fleet management. Additionally, the study touches upon the influence of global market trends, economic factors, and regulatory changes on the adoption and development of bulldozer technologies. This includes an examination of how regional demands for infrastructure projects and urbanization impact the design and utilization of bulldozers in different parts of the world. In conclusion, this study aims to contribute valuable insights into the current state of bulldozer technologies, offering a foundation for understanding the industry's trajectory and potential areas for future research and development.

Practices, issues and possibilities at the interface between geriatrics and palliative care (InGaP): An exploratory study and knotworking

Introduction With the recognition of the need for palliative care for people with non-malignant conditions, there is an increasing emphasis on interdisciplinary working between geriatric and palliative care teams. This interdisciplinary work has evolved organically; more needs to be known about current working practices. This is of policy and clinical interest as the older patient population continues to grow. Methods An exploratory qualitative interview study was undertaken of end-of-life care for older in-patients in a large London NHS Trust. 30 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with staff from palliative care and geriatric medical and nursing teams, two with patients and five with carers. Questions covered: examples and perceptions of collaboration and patient/carer perceptions of clarity as to who was providing care. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed focusing on: examples of successful collaboration; areas of tension, duplication or confusion about responsibilities; and suggestions for future practice. Results Participants were positive about collaboration. Examples of what works well include: the referral process to the palliative care team; inter-team communication and use of face-to-face handovers; unity between the teams when communicating with patients and families. Areas for potential development include: embedding palliative care within ward multidisciplinary team meetings; continual on-ward education given rotation of staff; and improving collaboration between palliative care, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. It is unclear whether patients’ and carers’ lack of awareness of the different teams has a detrimental effect on their care or needs. Conclusions There is evidence of strong collaborative working between the teams; however, this study highlights potential areas for improvement. An exploration of these relationships in other settings is required to determine if the same themes arise with a view to inform national guidelines and policy to improve care towards the end of life.

Hallin and Mancini: Two Decades of Influence in Politics and Communications

Since its publication in 2004, Hallin and Mancini’s model has become a pioneer in understanding the dynamics of media systems in different national contexts. Many studies related to politics that identify the patterns, trends, and variations used by communication systems in different countries and historical moments follow this seminal study to evaluate the formation of public opinion and the quality of democracy. For this article, we obtained 3,455 articles published in Web of Science within the Social Sciences Citation Index using the open-source software Science Mapping Analysis Tool, which we chose as a bibliometric technique for its feasibility in providing a conceptual structure through the spatial representation and disciplinary interrelation with fields like specialization, studies, and authors. By analyzing the co-occurrence of keywords, we drew scientific maps that enable the analysis of their conceptual and social evolution over consecutive periods. The results provide up-to-date information on the state of the model and its relevance in the field of communication and policy today, its strengths, limitations and potential areas of development. The findings identify less studied areas in the field, drawing inspiration from the Mancini model. This opens up a guide for future research by identifying themes and questions through bibliometric analysis.

Unsupervised Learning-Based Exploration of Urban Rail Transit Passenger Flow and Travel Pattern Mining

This study delves into the realm of urban rail transit systems, leveraging unsupervised learning techniques to analyze passenger flow characteristics and unearth travel patterns. Focused on the dynamic and complex nature of urban rail networks, the research utilizes extensive datasets, primarily derived from Automated Fare Collection (AFC) systems, to provide a comprehensive analysis of passenger behaviors and movement trends. Employing advanced algorithms like DBSCAN, the study categorizes passengers into distinct groups, including tourists, shoppers, thieves, commuters, and station staff. These classifications reveal intricate patterns in travel behaviors, significantly contributing to a deeper understanding of urban transit dynamics. The findings offer valuable insights into peak travel times, popular routes, and station congestion, highlighting potential areas for operational improvements and infrastructure development. The study’s application of unsupervised learning in analyzing vast, unstructured data sets a precedent in urban transportation research, showcasing the potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing the efficiency and sustainability of urban transit systems. The insights garnered are pivotal not only for optimizing current operations but also for shaping future expansion and adaptation strategies, ensuring urban rail systems continue to meet the evolving needs of growing urban populations.

Biodiversity Study of Mangrove Forest in Lawas Sarawak

Mangroves are one of the most abundant biological diversity with a valuable ecosystem. They are found on sheltered shores and in estuaries in tropical and subtropical regions. Mangrove ecosystems are made up of organisms that interact with each other in mangrove habitats. It is estimated that mangroves cover more than double the number of species found on land, with the best results occurring in tropical coastal areas. Mangroves are found in Malaysia, particularly in Sarawak, and have an area of around 167,312 ha, which is valuable both financially and ecologically. However, the majority of mangroves found in Southeast Asia are endangered, partially denuded, and have poor species diversity. Sarawak is one of the least affected areas, but there are only a few mangrove surveys being conducted there. The main goal of this study is to conduct a biodiversity study of the mangrove forest in Awat-Awat, Limbang, Sarawak. To support the objectives of the study, three transects were established. The results showed more than 20 species of this mangrove area from upstream to downstream, as well as some wildlife species. This abundance of biodiversity was due to the good environmental conditions, such as less pollution on the soil and better water quality. The ecological function of plants, animals, and the environmental conditions, such as the soil and water, are interdependent and interact to sustain their existence in the same environment, which is Awat- Awat Mangrove Forest (Lawas Limbang) Malaysia. This area can be supported as a potential edu-ecotourism research and development area for the mangrove region of Sarawak in Malaysia.

Review of Experimental Activities and Recent Developments of Spouted Bed Reactors at Different Operational Scales

Recent research advances and technological developments of spouted bed reactors (SBRs) have been discussed in this work. SBR has aroused increasing interest since their invention in 1955 due to its flexibility in processing different feedstocks and the high process yields that can be achieved due to its characteristic fluid dynamics. However, even though highly satisfactory results have been obtained at the laboratory scale for different applications (i.e., drying or thermochemical reactions, among others), their full implementation at an industrial level is still scarce, mainly due to the challenges encountered for their scale-up. In this work, an initial short description of SBR and configurations is followed by a review of the main experimental activities that have been conducted at different scales in the period 2013–2023. Advanced solutions such as multi-unit reactors and the use of rectangular geometries instead of the classical cylindrical ones have arisen as potential areas for further study and development to achieve a reliable implementation of the spouted bed technology at an industrial scale.

Analysis of Patient Health Using Arduino and Monitoring System

The proposed project is a health monitoring system using Arduino that measures key health parameters such as heart rate, blood oxygen level, and body temperature. The system consists of sensors such as DHT11 for temperature, MAX30100 for heart rate and blood oxygen level, and an Arduino Nano for processing the data. The measured results are displayed on an LCD screen and a buzzer sounds when the results are ready. The system has been designed with simplicity and ease-of-use in mind, making it accessible for personal use. While the system has limitations such as sensor accuracy and lack of IoT functionality, it still has potential for improving individual health monitoring and wellness. In the future, potential areas for development include the inclusion of more sensors, IoT functionality, and machine learning algorithms for personalized insights and recommendations. Overall, the proposed health monitoring system is a promising step towards empowering individuals to take a more active role in monitoring their health and wellness.

On the feed-forward neural network for analyzing pantograph equations

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are fundamental tools for modeling and understanding a wide range of chemistry, physics, and biological phenomena. However, solving complex ODEs often presents significant challenges, necessitating advanced numerical approaches beyond traditional analytical techniques. Thus, a novel machine learning (ML)-based method for solving and analyzing ODEs is proposed in the current investigation. In this study, we utilize a feed-forward neural network (FNN) with five fully connected layers trained on data samples generated from the exact solutions of specific ODEs. To show the efficacy of our suggested method, we will conduct a thorough evaluation by comparing the anticipated solutions of the FNN with the exact solutions for some ODEs. Furthermore, we analyze the absolute error and present the loss functions for some ODE examples, providing valuable insights into the model’s performance and potential areas for further development.

Identification of Economic Potential in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan-Indonesia

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the economic prospects of Berau Regency in East Kalimantan. This study aims to identify potential areas for further economic development in Berau Regency, to increase the wealth of its citizens. Additionally, it will highlight areas that need to be strengthened to achieve this objective. This study utilized shift share, the location quotient (LQ), and the growth ratio model (GRM) as analytical methods. The main data utilized in this study consisted of the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) statistics for East Kalimantan Province and Berau Regency from 2018 to 2022. The GRM study indicated that the transportation and warehousing sector experienced significant development, along with education services, health services, social activities, and other services. On the other hand, the Shift-Share analysis demonstrated positive growth in nearly all sectors within Berau Regency. Based on Location Quotients (LQ) analysis, the most competitive industries in the region include mining and quarrying, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries; wholesale and retail trade; car and motorcycle repair; transportation and warehousing; accommodation, food, and beverage provision; educational services; health services and social activities; and other services. This study emphasizes the ability of Berau Regency to effectively utilize its natural resources, particularly in the growing agricultural and tourism sectors. Hence, to advance and stimulate the tourism sector, the Berau Regency administration should contemplate allocating funds for agricultural and tourism development in its regional budget and executing infrastructure improvements. This approach is anticipated to bolster the economic development of Berau Regency while enhancing its residents’ overall quality of life.

Prospects for the crop production development and the government support impact

Crop growing is the main branch of agriculture in the Samara region, forming 73.8% of production. Therefore, from a developmental perspective, it is necessary to identify the most important factors influencing its development. The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of government support on the performance of the crop production industry. As part of this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: - analyze the state of crop production in 2018-2022; - identify the main directions of government support and reveal the degree of influence on the development of crop production; - calculate the effectiveness of individual government support measures for the development of the industry. The significant profitability of crop production, which is the result of countersanctions introduced in 2014, and significant export potential, has led to the fact that the modern system of state support for the industry is a system aimed at financing potential areas of development: the introduction of new technologies, digitalization and automation of production processes, etc. Therefore, despite the decrease in the relative size of state support (PSE) to 1.3%, the industry is experiencing sustainable development. The main source of funding is the federal budget (about 51% of industry funding). Among the most important areas in the period 2018-2024 can be distinguished: land reclamation (2.1 billion rubles), development of crop production (1.8 billion rubles), modernization and technical re-equipment (1.8 billion rubles), insurance (1.2 billion rubles) , purchase of elite seeds (1.0 billion rubles), etc.

Scope and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health

Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be defined as the imitation of human cognition by a machine or software systems which compile integrate and analyse the data through different modes of learning and problem-solving mechanisms for achieving predefined objectives. Its capacity holds assurance for enhancing the effectiveness of public health initiatives aimed at advancing the well-being of diverse populations. This review article delineates the implementation of AI in the realm of public health, exploring its current applications and discussing potential areas for further development and prospects in future. Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be defined as the imitation of human cognition by a machine or software systems which compile integrate and analyse the data through different modes of learning and problem-solving mechanisms for achieving predefined objectives. Its capacity holds assurance for enhancing the effectiveness of public health initiatives aimed at advancing the well-being of diverse populations. This review article delineates the implementation of AI in the realm of public health, exploring its current applications and discussing potential areas for further development and prospects in future.

A comparison of the perceived importance and performance of midwives' roles between midwives and nurses in Korea: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to identify the perceptions, importance, and performance of midwives' roles among midwives and nurses in Korea. A descriptive correlational design was employed. Data were collected from 164 nurses and 79 midwives from April 1 to June 25, 2021. Midwives enrolled in the Korean Midwifery Association and nurses and midwives from two hospitals each Daegu and Gyeonggi Province in Korea were invited to participate. The independent t-test, chi-square test, the Welch-Aspin test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for analysis. The midwives' role perception score (3.47±1.46) was lower than that of nurses (3.95±0.85), and the midwives' role performance score (2.98±0.83) was also lower than that of nurses (3.34±0.89). Significant differences were observed between midwives and nurses in their perception and performance of roles related to prenatal management, childbirth management, management of psychological changes, postpartum management, and newborn care. Higher role perception and performance among midwives were linked to the management of psychological changes and women's health, indicating potential areas for future development. The study results suggest directions for developing new roles for midwives. It is necessary to find a way to expand the field of midwives in public health by benchmarking the roles of midwives in various countries.