New Developments In Area Research Articles

Variability of morphological and phenological traits in <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp. accessions contrasting by growth type in different ecological and geographical conditions

Background. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a thermophilic crop that occupies the third place in the world in terms of cultivation area among leguminous crops. Vegetable cowpea cultivars are successfully cultivated in the open ground in Russia, in its southern regions and the south of the Far East. The creation of new cultivars adapted to cultivation in different regions and suitable for widespread industrial production, is extremely relevant. Materials and methods. The variability of 20 morphological and 3 phenological traits of six cowpea accessions with different growth habit types and architectonics was assessed in various ecological and geographical conditions at VIR experiment stations (in Astrakhan Province, Primorye Territory and Krasnodar Territory) in 2019-2022. The variability and interrelationships of the traits were estimated using basic and multivariate statistical methods. Results. The analysis revealed a significant influence of the factor complex (genotype/accession, research location) on the variability of traits. Phenological traits, the length of internodes and leaflets, depended most strongly on the research location. The range of variation in the number of nodes, branches, peduncles and beans per plant, stem thickness and bean size were determined by the genotype to a larger extent. The range of stem length variability was significantly influenced by the research location and the genotype, though the genotype had a stronger influence. The genotypes responded differently to changes in growing conditions. For the most of the studied accessions, an increase in the main stem length was noted in the monsoon climate conditions of the Primorye Territory, for some of them the type of growth habit changed from determinate to indeterminate. In our research, the plant length was positively correlated with the amount of precipitation and with the average relative air humidity. Excessive humidity and precipitation had minimal effect only on cv. ʻLyanchiheʼ, whose plants retained dwarfness and compact architectonics. Factor analysis (principal factors analysis) revealed 4 factors responsible for the main part of the variance of the analyzed traits. The characteristics of the leaf were combined in the first factor, those of architectonics and time of plant development in the second, features of the seedling and the juvenile stage in the third, and those of the bean in the fourth factor. These complexes of traits (factors) determined the variability of cowpea in our research. Conclusion. The performed analysis of morphological and phenological traits revealed a significant increase of stem length and changes in plant architectonics under conditions of high relative humidity and a large amount of precipitation. In some cases, even the type of growth habit was changed. The further research on the studied characters variability involving more accessions and the determination of molecular mechanisms that control stability of the growth habit type and length of the stem will allow us to proceed to a more efficient and rapid creation of new cultivars suitable for mechanized cultivation. This is extremely important for the development of new areas by cultivating species, the demand in which as a source of food and feed is increasing in the Russian Federation.

Mapping of uncontrolled dumpsites in arid regions through remote sensing and image processing.

Due to increased urbanization, the development of new areas, construction of new houses and buildings and uncontrolled dumpsites (UDSs) are becoming a challenge facing local authorities in Saudi Arabia. UDSs pose health risks to the public, potentially deteriorating the environment around them and reducing the value of ongoing development areas. The local municipalities rely on field surveys and citizen reports. This can be inefficient because UDSs are often discovered too late, and remediating them can be costly. This study aimed to assess the conditions of UDSs in two cities in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, Dammam and Hafer Al-Batin, using satellite image classification assessment techniques. The assessment included mapping the UDS locations and studying the spectral reflectance of the materials found in these dumpsites. The study provided a mapping of 62 UDS locations totalling around 13.01 km2 in the broader study area. UDS detections using remote sensing were followed by ground truthing and in situ measurements using a spectroradiometer. In addition, the spectral reflectance of 21 commonly deposited UDS materials was studied, and a spectral library was created for these materials for future use by local authorities.

Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis as a variant of the course of hepatotropic viruses’ infection

Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis is a special variant of infectious hepatitis, with a rapid progressive deterioration of liver function, and usually results in immunosuppression. It has also been reported in patients with immunocompetent status having viral hepatitis B and C. Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis is diagnosed based on the histological examination of the liver tissue, which reveals severe damage to hepatocytes with pronounced ballooning over a weak inflammatory reaction, pericellular and perisinusoidal fibrosis, and intracellular and tubular cholestases. Analysis of the literature confirms the authors’ assumption that pathological changes in the liver, described as fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis, can develop in different conditions under the influence of various infectious agents. Despite the availability of effective antiviral therapy for hepatitis B and C, the outcomes of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis are often unfavorable, particularly in cases not associated with solid-organ transplantation. Currently, because of the emergence of numerous drugs that selectively act on the immune system and the development of new areas of medicine such as hematology, rheumatology, oncology, transplantology, and infectious diseases, doctors in these specialties increasingly encounter severe liver damage in patients receiving specific therapy. The authors believe that doctors who do not work at liver transplantation centers underestimate the possibility of fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis development in patients with viral hepatitis B and C, in the clinic of infectious and internal diseases.

Cluster analysis of underground space in the core area of new districts from the perspective of urban morphology

Extensive underground space development worldwide has significantly contributed to the sustainability of social, ecological, and economic growth. In view of the tendency towards haphazard urban sprawling during the development of new areas in China, underground spaces have been increasingly utilized to create sustainable and resilient urban built environments. However, insufficient attention has been paid to their morphological characteristics, resulting in a lack of sustainable and resilient underground space morphological planning and design techniques. To bridge this gap, we established a computational morphology indicator system pertaining to underground spaces, considering land use, spatial distribution, and street networks. We selected 20 underground spaces in well-developed core areas of new districts in China. Hierarchical cluster analysis was adopted to investigate the morphological features of underground spaces. Additionally, the typology of underground space morphology and the corresponding characteristics were systematically summarized to facilitate decision-making for different patterns of underground space planning.

Experiences, Benefits, and Challenges of Virtual Teamwork for Public Libraries in the US Midwest during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Experiences, Benefits, and Challenges of Virtual Teamwork for Public Libraries in the US Midwest during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Global Research Trends in Adipose Stem Cell Tissue Engineering: A Scientometric Research.

Adipose Stem Cell Tissue Engineering (ASCTE) has emerged as a promising field of research in recent years. In order to gain comprehensive insights into this field, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using WoSCC and various bibliometric tools, including CiteSpace, VOS viewer, and R-Bibliometrix. Our analysis focuses on the historical development and evolution of active topics in ASCTE from a time-dynamics perspective, covering 4522 publications, 3924 academic institutions, and 873 journals, with significant growth observed over the past two decades. In terms of the global research landscape, the United States and China dominate the field. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Ming Ho University are the top three institutions contributing to research in this area. Biomaterials is identified as the central journal in terms of co-citation analysis. Our analysis also reveals new areas of development, such as 3D printing, platelet lysate, and clinical practice, as well as current trends in hydrogels, nanomaterials, and extracellular vesicles, among others. These findings point to exciting prospects for future ASCTE research. Unlike previous subjective reviews, our bibliometric analysis provides an objective assessment of the current state and emerging trends in ASCTE research, allowing researchers to identify popular research areas and explore new directions in this dynamic field.

THE FUNDAMENTAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY

The history of the creation of the first Soviet universal electronic computers is an excellent example of the ability and readiness of the Academy of Sciences to be a leader in the creation and development of new areas of science and technology. All work, starting with the design of computers and ending with the stage of creating computers and software, was carried out at the institutes of the Academy of Sciences. On December 4, 1948, I.S. Brook and B.I. Rameev received a copyright certificate for the invention of an automatic digital machine. It was the first official document indicating the beginning of work on the creation of computers in the USSR. The first Soviet computer, the M-1, was created at the Power Energy Institute under the leadership of Corresponding Member I.S. Brook. At the Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering, under the guidance of Academician S.A. Lebedev, the most successful series of Soviet computers, BESM, was produced. The first copies of all new models of computers before being launched into a series were subjected to comprehensive tests at the Institute of Applied Mathematics, whose director was Academician M.V. Keldysh. Academician S.L. Sobolev was the ancestor of the Russian school of programming. The article contains little-known information about the first steps of computer science in Russia. Some facts about the history of those years were hidden in the archives for a long time and are now published for the first time.

A model for evaluating the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise

Subject. The article addresses the implementation of import substitution policy and development by industrial enterprises of new areas of scientific and technical activity after the departure of foreign companies. Objectives. Our aim is to develop a model for evaluating the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise in a specific area of scientific and technical activity. Methods. The study rests on the systems approach and general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, and grouping. Resource and competence-based approaches to managing the activities of an industrial enterprise serve as the scientific basis of the research. Results. We present our own model to evaluate the scientific capital of an innovative industrial enterprise, offer an approach to assessing the scientific capital based on determination of the adequacy of enterprise’s resources and competencies to the requirements of a certain area of activity. We also define the sequence of stages for assessing the resource and competence components of scientific capital based on characteristics of the product that form its consumer value (scoring), present a scale of levels of scientific capital, which helps decide if the enterprise has necessary reserve. Conclusions. The developed model is based on determining whether the resources and competencies available to the enterprise meet the requirements of a certain area of activity. The model can be used by the management of an innovative industrial enterprise to determine the feasibility of investing the resources in the development of new areas of activity, strengthening market positions.

Wind of change

The value of diaconia is difficult to measure, its immaterial assets not easily grasped. In this article, I contribute to the area in analysing the perspective of 22 deacons on what is most important in their job and what could potentially be of greatest value if there were no restrictions of money and other resources. Data were collected in the midst of the Corona crisis in 2021 in the Porvoo diocese in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. The timing of data collection therefore coincides with a unique chance to rethink ways of doing things. International research shows that the religious heritage of diaconia has changed from merely supporting people in need to also advocating marginalized groups and building bridges to other actors. This intangible heritage is sensitive to changes in society, whereby latent sources of value creation may be traced. Key contributions are identifying new areas of development of this religious heritage and assessing the value creation taking place – now and in a potential future. For this, understanding the changed role of diaconia in society and in the church are central.

Environmental Management Accounting – Developments Over the Last 20 years from a Framework Perspective

AbstractThe most cited framework for environmental management accounting to date was published in the Australian Accounting Review 20 years ago. This framework has until today considerably influenced the development of the environmental management accounting field. Set against new sustainability challenges it is now time to question if the framework remains relevant or if it needs to change, and in what ways, to address the contemporary challenges now facing society. Taking stock of environmental management accounting research and practice over the last two decades, a conceptual discussion is developed which is based on extant literature and the authors’ extensive experience of the topic. Thus, the paper looks back to reflect on the developments from the perspective of the framework and looks towards how environmental management accounting could be further developed in the future. It considers the current and future potential of environmental management accounting and managers to contribute towards sustainable development. This can be through: the development of new areas of application and thematic scopes targeting aspirational sustainability goals such as those represented by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and planetary boundaries; extending spatial scope beyond the organisation into supply chains and circular systems; development of new social and environmental measures of performance to complement economic measures; providing information specific to the needs and roles of new personnel using environmental and sustainability information; and building awareness and implementing new drivers for environmental and sustainability management accounting such as AI and chatbots.

Analysis of Purse Seine Vessel Operations Based at PPI Dufa-Dufa

Fisheries activities in Ternate City are developing well, this is supported by the operation of the Fish Landing Base (PPI) and the Ternate Nusantara Fishing Port. Information on effective fishing units and operations that have high productivity is important in the development of capture fisheries in PPI Dufa-Dufa, so that purse seine fisheries in PPI Dufa-Dufa is expected to be profitable and sustainable, therefore research on purse seine vessel operations needs to be done by considering all related aspects. The research took place from June to August 2014 at PPI Dufa-Dufa Ternate City by using descriptive analysis and effectiveness and efficiency analysis using scoring method to determine the level of effectiveness and efficiency analysis of purse seine vessel operational activities. The results of the study found that larger vessels (GT more than 20) have higher effectiveness and efficiency values than small vessels (GT less than 20). Purse seine operations at PPI Dufa-Dufa still allow for the development of operational activities, namely the development of new areas for fishing, improving fishing technology and increasing the quality value of catches in the form of training in handling catches

Reasons for performance in athletic hammer that: the results of the studies, the structural development of the training of the hammer, the perspectives of the outer development

Ukraine has always been famous for outstanding hammer throwing coaches who trained Olympic champions, world record holders, winners of the World and European Athletics Forums, and scientists whose scientific research gave the coaching staff the opportunity to properly study and improve not only technical skills and methods of arranging training process, but also the development all types of athletes’ training.
 The hammer throw in athletics is a complex system of purposeful movements. It combines a number of simple and complex movements. Currently, most elite-class athletes throw the hammer in four turns.
 One of the main areas of the training process in hammer throw and improving technique elements is to find the optimal amount of acceleration of the movements rhythm, the number of turns, the nature of the first turn as well as the others, which are necessary to determine the most rational technique option for each athlete, which requires quite a long time for its improvement.
 The predominant focus on improving athletes’ technical actions and physical fitness should include exercises similar to the
 main elements of technical actions in hammer throwing for integral improvement of necessary qualities and elements of technique.
 The decrease of sports results in this area of athletics, in our opinion, presupposes failure of coaches to follow the sequence of necessary physical abilities and technical skills development at certain stages of long-term training (initial training, preliminary basic training, specialized basic training, preparation for high achievements), where they should achieve individual maximums of their development and meet previously developed criteria and their values.
 One of the reasons for this problem is refusal from the well-established training system of "throwing schools" during the last decades. During the Olympic Games in Tokyo, the hammer thrower from Ukraine M. Kokhan took fourth place with a rather high result of
 80.39 m, which indicates the revival of "throwing schools" in various regions of the country. The results of hammer throwing performances of Ukrainian athletes from different regions of Ukraine makes us believe that a new era in the revival of "throwing schools" is on its launch.
 A new stage of results manifestation and the appearance of a new generation of coaches in hammer throwing is approaching, which indicates the revival of "throwing schools" in different regions of Ukraine.
 The revival of women's high performance in hammer throwing can be considered by focusing attention in the training system on both female body features and the related methodologies of forming new areas of development and improving its main systems.

Layout Optimization of Construction Waste Recycling Facilities for Development of New Urban Areas from Centralized and Decentralized Processing Collaboration Perspective

The generation, treatment and safe disposal of construction waste have become major problems in new urban areas of China. And the existing research has not been carried out based on the recycling characteristics of scattered, low efficiency and large negative externalities of construction waste processing in the development of new areas. This research studies the optimal location of construction waste centralized and decentralized processing facilities based on the characteristics of the generation end and the demand side of new urban areas. Firstly, grey relational analysis method is used to determine the location of centralized processing facilities. Then, a multi-objective integer programming model is built by comprehensively considering cost, side effect on society and carbon emissions during transportation, and the optimal location and dynamic adjustment of decentralized processing facilities are determined. Finally, taking the development of a new area in China as an example, the network of construction waste recycling facilities is established to verify the effectiveness of this model. The research results show that the layout strategy formulated with this method can maintain the dynamic optimal layout of the system from the perspective of the whole region, and realize the utilization of construction waste with low cost, low transport carbon emission and low social negative impact. The analysis method system established in this paper is universal, which can provide reference for the relevant government departments to plan the construction waste recycling facility network of the area, and provide guidance for the investment decisionmaking and operation management of related enterprises.

Формирование стратегических приоритетов развития старопромышленных регионов Юга России

In the conditions of turbulence of the world economy, the formation of regional strategic priorities that contribute to ensuring sustainable economic growth and improvement of life standard of the population plays a special role in the sustainability of the country’s development. The existing stratification of regions determines the need to study the features of the development of such a category as the “old industrial region.” The aim of the study is to form strategic priorities that contribute to regional development of territories with predominant industrial production located in the south of the country. The methodology of the study includes statistical analysis of individual social and economic indicators of the situation of old industrial regions of the South of Russia in dynamics. The methods of retrospective, factorial, comparative, economic-statistical, and situational analyses were applied. As a result of the conducted research, the definition of the term “old industrial region” is given, which allows to present the specifics of this territorial unit. The paper analyses a number of key economic indicators of the Astrakhan, Volgograd, and Rostov regions, which allows to assess the state of the region and the potential of its innovative development. The authors draw conclusion that, despite the common initial characteristics of old industrial regions of the South that appeared after the collapse of the Soviet Union, each of them, having a heterogeneous resource base, needs an individual approach when choosing strategic development priorities based on a detailed analysis of economic indicators as well as their potential. Old industrial regions can move along three different development trajectories: modernization of existing industries with the introduction of innovations; development of new areas of industrial production; orientation to the post-industrial type of economic development with an emphasis on the service sector. At the same time, such regions need attention and involvement from the state, but in different degrees and forms.

Eupolyploidy as a Modeinplant Speciation

When discussing phenomena of the whole genome duplication (WGD), the terms neopolyploid, mesopolyploid, and paleopolyploid are used in their modern “post-genomic” interpretation. In our opinion, in the flow of changing genome states between neopolyploids and paleopolyploids, it makes sense to single out the eupolyploid stage – a state of a polyploid, when its polyploid nature is beyond doubt, but the genome (karyotype) of the eupolyploid, unlike the neopolyploid, is already relatively stable. Most of so-called polyploid plant species are actually eupolyplids, the polyploid nature of the karyotype of which is beyond doubt among researchers – geneticists, karyologists, and florists. Optionally, eupolyploids can enter new rounds of interspecific hybridization with the hybrid maintaining the level of ploidy of the parents or with the emergence of an allopolyploid of a higher level of ploidy. Eupolyploidization of the genome is a radical and rapid method of speciation and genus formation in plants. In this way, tens of thousands of species of modern plants arose. Successful combinations of alleles of eupolyploid subgenomes, large sizes characteristic of high polyploids, frequent transition to asexual reproduction can contribute to the successful development of new areas by eupolyploids, adaptation to extreme conditions of existence at the edge of areas, but not to the acquisition of new aromorphoses – this is speciation, but speciation on already mastered level of evolutionary complexity, a step that does not in itself lead to progressive evolution.

The Future Development of Shanghai as A Global Centre City: A Comparison with New York City

Shanghai, China can be one of the world's economic hubs, and the Shanghai government has enacted a new policy in recent years - Shanghai steps up the pace on readying five 'new cities' for investment - which will enable the city's economy to grow further. New York, which is also the center of the world economy, is not as good as Shanghai under the new policy. The main source of the problem is that Shanghai’s city area is 8 times larger than New York, and with the development of new areas and the renovation of old ones of Shanghai City, the resources and urban area of New York become the main problem.

Identification of Local Accessibility Hubs and Leisure Amenities in Suburbanized Settlements: Case Study on the Suburban Zone of Prague

This paper focuses on the topological definition of the system of public spaces in suburbanized settlements. It identifies hubs with the best local accessibility within the system of public open spaces using the Space syntax method and analyses their leisure amenities. The topological investigation was performed on the example of the suburban zone of Prague, the immediate surroundings of which have been developing dramatically in recent decades. About 44 rapidly developing settlements in this area were included in the study and their system of public open spaces was analyzed using the Integration HH metric and local accessibility hubs (those with the highest Integration HH value) were identified. Subsequently, the placement of existing leisure amenities with respect to these accessibility hubs was evaluated. Only 32% of leisure amenities were located in the accessibility hubs, which indicates an unfulfilled potential of locally well-accessible places. At the same time, the placement of leisure amenities within new developments in areas difficult-to-access from other parts of the settlement poses a threat to the integration of the population from these new developments with those from other parts of the settlement. This paper offers solutions for preventing these issues, for identifying natural centers with the best accessibility, and proposes possible measures for mitigation of the identified problems.

The Construct in the Context of the Evolution of the Modern Picture of the World

The current picture of the world has many names: digital, post-non-classical, information, telecommunications, etc. However, all of them cannot fully grasp the definition of the world, which leads to the idea that the task of substantiating the picture of the world cannot be connected only with interpretation through technological progress, or quantitative changes in the material world. The starting point of the authors reasoning in the presented article is the thesis that the digital picture of the world is a field of constructs, which means that this field cannot be purely empirical. In other words, it opens up opportunities for discussing reality in terms of its constructiveness, not virtuality. This article is of an overview nature and is intended to indicate new areas of development of philosophy.

Geochemical characteristics of the Middle–Late Permian sedimentary rocks in the southern Great Xing'an Range, NE China, and their constraints on the closure time of the Paleo Asian Ocean (Eastern Segment)

The Late Paleozoic sedimentary environment in the southern Great Xing'an Range in Northeast (NE) China, and the timing of the final closure of the Paleo Asian Ocean between the North China Craton and combined NE China blocks have been controversial for a long time, affecting and restricting the exploration and development of new area and new strata in the North Area in China. In order to reconstruct the structural-sedimentary evolution history of the southern Great Xing'an Range during the Middle to Late Permian, and to explore the closure time of the Paleo Asian Ocean (Eastern Segment), in this paper, the sedimentary characteristics and tectonic background of the Middle–Late Permian sedimentary rocks from well MKD1 are systematically analyzed by using elemental and organic geochemistry methods. The results show that the Middle Permian sedimentary records in well MKD1 show typical marine sediments, while the Late Permian sediments change significantly to clastic rocks deposited in the marine–continental transitional environment. The provenances of the Middle Permian rocks are mainly intermediate and felsic igneous rocks from continental active margin and oceanic island arc tectonic setting, related to the northern accretion complex, and the Songnen Block and partially arc magmatic rock. The source materials of the Late Permian rocks are mainly felsic rocks and some intermediate igneous rocks from the continental arc and active margin, related to the northern accretion complex, the arc magmatic rock and the Songnen Block. Depositional discontinuity after the Late Permian, regional lackness of the Early Triassic strata, sedimentary environment variation, tectonic setting and provenance location discrimination of the Middle–Late Permian rocks comprehensively reveal that the Paleo Asian Ocean (Eastern Segment) possibly closed in the late Late Permian. Finally, we propose a structural-sedimentary evolution pattern of the southern Great Xing'an Range during the Middle to Late Permian.

Transformation of corporate law: quasi-corporate and quasi-public structures

The purpose of the research is to study certain aspects of transformation of corporate relations and corporate law, in the light of blurring of company boundaries and development of digital communications and startup culture. The results and conclusions are obtained based on general scientific and private scientific methods of research. Research studies examples of quasi-corporate and quasi-public structures created through (1) deferred share transfer agreements (SAFE), (2) crowdfunding agreements, (3) public market intermediary companies (SPAC), (4) exchanges for private companies. With the emergence of cross-border hybrid corporate structures at intersection of debt and equity, public and private financing, the current debates on the objectives of corporate law and the purpose of the corporation acquire a new perspective, as the very boundaries of the corporation become fluid. At the same time, decision-making procedures are mediated by third parties and digital technologies, with the prospect of conflict of interest, and are regulated, among other things, by standards emerging so to say from below. In the digital era, flexibility in the choice of elements of the structure allows to detach from the current state corporate regulation and attach to it in the right place and at the right time. It is concluded that the explosive growth of hybrid structures forms new areas of development of legal regulation by rejecting the dichotomy of soft and hard law. Among the vectors of transformation, the growing importance of private law unifications, the development of theoretical apparatus based on the concept of transnational law, the emergence of its subsystems, including lex corporatoria are noted. Among the tasks of lex corporatoria the formation of standards and customs in the field of corporate finance is also postulated as a regulatory framework for functioning of the hybrid structures under study.